Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Přeložte.

    3 It's getting worse.
    12 I'd love to, but I can't.
    10 Can you give me a lift?
    5 He has no sense of humour.
    15 Have you done it yet?
    9 What was I supposed to do?
    6 It made him angry.
    19 I was fined for speeding.
    7 He's known her for years.
    1 How've you been?
    4 They differ in many ways.
    13 Have we met (before)?
    17 I'm looking forward to that.
    18 I've been taking driving lessons.
    11 I'll do my best.
    2 I don't get it.
    14 We had the house built.
    16 I'll do it asap.
    8 He's to come too.

    Speeding spiːdɪŋ je překročení povolené rychlosti (speed - rychlost). Speeding ticket je pokuta za rychlost. Např.: He got a speeding ticket. - Dostal pokutu za rychlost.

    Exercise 2

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    • Poslechněte si nahrávku a určete, zda je tvrzení pravdivé (true), nebo nepravdivé (false).

    2 John had an accident, but it wasn't his fault.
    7 Some 5 million people travel on the tube every day in London.
    1 Bob was fined 400 dollars for driving too fast.
    4 Americans mostly buy cars made in the US.
    3 They usually don't leave a tip in British pubs.
    6 Both the British and Americans like to use trains.
    5 New Yorkers are known to walk a lot around the city.
    8 The number of yellow cabs in New York is about 13.5 thousand.

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte odpovídající výroky.

    • 1 I'll keep it on.
    • 2 I won't keep you long.
    • 3 He broke up with her.
    • 4 I'll find out.
    • 5 He made it up.
    • 6 I'll catch up with you.
    • 7 He's missing her.
    • 8 He was fired.
    • d Rozešel se s ní.
    • e Nechám si to na sobě.
    • a Chybí mu.
    • f Vymyslel si to.
    • c Dostal vyhazov.
    • g Nezdržím tě dlouho.
    • b Doženu vás.
    • g Zjistím to.

    Exercise 4

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    8 They took in/off/out a loan to buy a car.
    5 Did you get my e-mail? - Yes, but I haven't red/read/readed it yet.
    6 Could you take/get/pick me up at the airport tomorrow?
    3 Jane and Bob prepared it himself/themselves/ourselves.
    4 He wasn't supposed to know. You couldn't/shouldn't/wouldn't have told him.
    10 I usually go in/in/by car, but we met in/at/on the bus.
    1 Most from/of/in them didn't know.
    2 How long will it ask/take/keep to get there? - About an hour.
    7 Come out/on/at. Hurry up! We'll be late.
    9 I'm sorry of/at/about that. I did it by/on/of mistake.

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte členy, some nebo any, kde třeba.

    7 I had accident when driving to work this morning.
    12 He's American who makes lot of money.
    11 A boy from US met girl from Europe.
    13 Take meat out of bag and put it in fridge.
    14 I had busy day at work. I'm going to bed.
    9 Would you like more cake? - Yes. I haven't had yet.
    10 USA and Canada are almost same size.
    4 I bought new car. - What did you do with old one?
    6 Can you give me hand? - I don't have time for that.
    2 Are there other ways? I can't think of .
    8 I saw it on TV yesterday when I was watching news.
    5 Have wine! - Thanks, I don't drink alcohol.
    3 Can you lend me money? - I don't have money.
    1 Is there place where we could have dinner?

    Exercise 6

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    • Doplňte překlady vět.

    9 Neměl bys mu o tom říkat. You tell him.
    14 Co tím myslíte? What do you by that?
    5 Doufám, že ne. I hope .
    13 Bude to hotovo do pátku. It'll be finished Friday.
    8 Pokud vím... As as I know ...
    10 Lepší by bylo počkat. It better to wait.
    11 To jídlo se může zkazit. The food may bad.
    12 Počkám, až přijde. I'll wait him to come.
    3 Je mi to jedno. I don't (about it).
    7 Kolikrát jsi to už viděl? How many have you seen it?
    4 Budete muset počkat. You'll wait.
    2 Byli jsme okradeni. We were .
    6 Kolik peněz tam je? How money is there?
    1 Chystám se k odchodu. I'm to leave.

    Exercise 7

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    • Spojte související výroky.

    • 1 He had a house built ...
    • 2 I'll tell her about it ...
    • 3 I've been learning English ...
    • 4 I tried to call him ...
    • 5 We had to wait ...
    • 6 I'm really sorry about ...
    • 7 I had a car accident ...
    • 8 He was fined 500 dollars ...
    • a for about two years now.
    • f which made him angry.
    • d but it wasn't my fault.
    • e but he isn't answering the phone.
    • g until they came back.
    • b what happened to her.
    • c but he sold it soon after.
    • h although she shouldn't know.

    Exercise 8

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    11 I came at/across/about an interesting article.
    5 Are you hungry? - Not right/really/hardly. But I'm thirsty.
    13 We didn't meet on/at/by chance. We agreed to meet/meeting/met.
    9 There will be no meeting. It was called out/away/off.
    1 Are you looking forward to it? - Yes, I can't stay/afford/wait to see it.
    10 I sent it at/to/in his e-mail address at/on/by accident.
    7 Don't give up. You must stay/keep/last trying.
    4 I'm trying! - I know but you must try stronger/harder/heavier!
    8 I'm in a hurry. I must catch/reach/have the bus.
    3 He's a year younger, but he's a head longer/taller/higher than me.
    2 What's up, man? Long time no sea/see/say. How've you been?
    6 I'm feeling unwell. I'll have to see/meet/reach a doctor.
    12 I met her in/on/at the bus although I usually go on/in/by car.

    Předložka by také znamená kolem, vedle (o pohybu). Např.: A police car went by. - Kolem projelo policejní auto. Stop by je hovorově stavit se (za někým).

    Exercise 9

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    • Doplňte druhou větu tak, aby měla opačný význam.

    3 She needn't know about it. - She know about it.
    5 You must take off your glasses. - You must put your glasses.
    8 Don't bring him with you. - Feel to bring him with you.
    6 You can get there by car. - You have to there.
    11 It's getting better. - It's getting .
    14 What time do you go to bed? - What time do you up?
    13 They helped me do it. - I did it .
    15 He does hardly any work. - He works really .
    4 I threw it away. - I it.
    7 The computer is still on. - The computer is .
    10 I like both beer and wine. - I like beer wine.
    1 I have to work tomorrow. - I'm taking a day tomorrow.
    2 He's found a job. - He was .
    12 She calmed him down. - She made him .
    9 It cost at least 300. - It cost at 300.

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte správné tvary slovesa v nápovědě.

    6 She was hit by a car.
    1 Where be you last night?
    9 I give it to him and I think he keep it.
    5 The house was sell for 20.000.
    7 They meet years ago and become friends.
    8 He have an accident and was take to hospital.
    10 He be here a moment ago and he leave a message for you.
    3 I've bring some wine.
    2 I haven't see you for ages!
    4 He's speak to her.

    Slovo left znamená též zbylý. Užívá se hlavně ve spojení be left - zbýt, zbývat. Např.: There's nothing left. - Nic nezbylo., I don't have much money left. - Už mi nezbývá moc peněz. ap.

    Exercise 11

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    • Doplňte správnou předložku.

    6 Don't worry that. I'll take care it.
    1 Only one 20 Americans don't have a car.
    10 What disease did he die ? It's not known.
    12 Thank you so much. It's so nice you.
    3 I'm too tired. I can't go .
    11 Do you have it you? - No, I left it work.
    9 Look these two. Is there any difference them?
    2 I'll see you Monday 4 p.m.
    8 They spend all their money food and clothes.
    5 We'll meet Christmas Eve at 7 p.m. my place.
    4 He'll be back ten minutes. You can wait him.
    7 Who'll be looking the kids when she's gone?

    Američané často jako výraz díků říkají: I appreciate it. - Vážím si toho., Oceňuji to. (appreciate əˈpriːʃɪˌeɪt - oceňovat, vážit si)

    Exercise 12

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    • Utvořte otázky. Ptejte se na zvýrazněná slova.

    4 I told Bob and Jane about it.
    6 I've known her for 2 years.
    9 He drank five beers.
    3 Nobody else knows about it.
    1 He left for work an hour ago.
    8 I haven't sent it yet.
    10 I've been learning English for a year.
    5 We'll spend the weekend at the seaside.
    7 It cost me over 500 dollars.
    2 I've been waiting for an hour.

    Exercise 13

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    • Doplňte překlady vět pomocí trpného rodu.

    8 Článek napsala dívka. The article by a girl.
    9 Vzali ho na vysokou. He to college.
    6 Tato auta se vyrábí v Japonsku. These cars in Japan.
    3 Mohli by ho vyhodit z práce. He could .
    2 Bude povýšena. She'll .
    12 Našli ji o týden později. She a week later.
    7 Toto slovo se často neužívá. This word often.
    1 Ukradli mu auto. His car .
    5 Postavili 3 nové domy. Three new houses .
    4 Srazilo je nákladní auto. They by a truck.
    11 Viděli ji, jak odchází. She leaving.
    10 Ví se o něm, že je bohatý. He to be rich.

    I'm flattered. ˈflætəd nebo též I feel flattered. je česky Jsem polichocen.

    Exercise 14

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu tvary slovesa do nebo make.

    1 Have you your homework?
    6 We can't without their help.
    4 How did you at school? Were you a good student?
    14 He it to her angry.
    15 it sense to you?
    5 I'm running late. I won't it in time.
    8 I need to a phone call.
    10 Please your best. It's very important.
    9 These photos me want to go on holiday.
    3 Stop fun of me!
    11 He a lot of money last year.
    2 I've a big mistake.
    13 This dress me look fat.
    7 They a lot of damage when they broke in.
    12 I only have 20 dollars. Will it ?

    Exercise 15

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    • Doplňte odpovědi pomocí slovesa z otázky.

    5 How long did you spend there? - We a week there.
    6 How many times did you try it? - I it at least five times.
    7 Did you buy any wine? - No, I only food.
    10 Did you write down his name? - No, I his number.
    8 Did you understand him? - I only a few words.
    4 When did they send it? - They it last night.
    1 Where did you go on holiday? - We to the seaside.
    9 How did you feel when you found out? - I really bad.
    2 When did he lose his job? - He his job last year.
    3 Did you get my message? - No, I no message.

    Exercise 16

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    • Doplňte správnou předložku.

    5 It's too hot inside. I'll wait the pub.
    8 She used to work a teacher.
    4 It's very hot. The temperature is 30 degrees.
    12 We'are all very sorry her death.
    10 It was a secret meeting. They met closed doors.
    11 It's not for kids. You must be 18 years old to buy it.
    6 I got it Christmas a friend of mine.
    3 I'm leaving Paris tomorrow.
    2 We'll meet the airport.
    1 Have you ever been the USA?
    9 It looks you are having a great time.
    7 I'm tired listening to them. I'm leaving.

    Spojení feel sorry for se užívá, když někoho litujete, be sorry for hlavně při omluvě za svůj čin ap., ale be sorry about se užije o situaci či něčem, co nastalo. Např.: I felt sorry for him. - Bylo mi ho líto., I'm sorry for disturbing you. - Promiňte, že vás ruším. ALE I'm sorry about that. - To mě mrzí. Sorry se může vázat i s infinitivem. Např.: We're sorry to inform you ... - S politováním vám oznamujeme...

    Exercise 17

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    • Napište věty, které uslyšíte. Neužívejte stažené tvary. (Pište celými slovy.)

    9
    1
    3
    7
    8
    2
    5
    6
    4
    10

    Exercise 18

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    • Spojte výroky, které mají opačný význam.

    • 1 He's jobless.
    • 2 He made her angry.
    • 3 He's in good health.
    • 4 I'm enjoying it.
    • 5 He died there.
    • 6 I don't care about her.
    • 7 I have two siblings.
    • 8 I'm really hungry.
    • b I'm tired of it.
    • f He calmed her down.
    • e He's employed.
    • g I'm crazy about her.
    • d I'm an only child.
    • h He was born there.
    • a He's seriously ill.
    • c I've eaten.

    Exercise 19

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    • Doplňte větu posunutou do minulého času s užitím časové souslednosti.

    7 I believe he forgot about it. - I believed he it.
    8 He says he was there. - He said he there.
    10 I know what he's going to do. - I knew what he going to do.
    4 I suppose you know that. - I supposed you that.
    1 I think she is there. - I thought she there.
    3 I'm sure they have it. - I was sure they it.
    6 She says she'll help us. - She said she help us.
    9 I don't know who did it. - I didn't know who it.
    5 I hope you'll come. - I hoped you come.
    2 I'm afraid they're lost. - I was afraid they lost.

    Exercise 20

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    • Přeložte. Použijte nápovědu.

    3 Právě jsem to dodělal.
    just
    1 Díváme se právě na film.
    just
    4 Už odešli.
    already
    6 Ještě jsem to nečetl.
    yet
    10 Zkus to ještě jednou.
    again; more
    8 Co ještě bych měl udělat?
    else
    2 Už jsi to poslal?
    yet
    9 Dám si ještě jedno pivo.
    more
    5 Neviděl jsem ho už měsíce.
    for months
    7 To bude ještě dražší.
    even

    Exercise 21

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    • Doplňte překlady pomocí frázových sloves.

    5 Musím se přihlásit v hotelu. I must in at the hotel.
    9 Vydržte chvilku. Hold a minute.
    4 Řekni mu, ať se uklidní. Tell him to down.
    1 Už jsem zjistil, kolik to stojí. I've out how much it costs.
    14 (Dávej) pozor! Watch !
    2 Měl by nechat kouření. He should up smoking.
    8 Letadlo už odstartovalo. The plane has off.
    7 Mám pustit televizi? Shall I on the TV?
    3 Chtějí si užít (života). They want to it up.
    11 Můžeme to odložit? Can we it off?
    13 Vyrazíme brzy ráno. We'll out early.
    12 Došel mi benzín. I've out of petrol.
    6 Ceny domů vzrostly o... House prices up by ...
    10 Čti dál. on reading.

    Frázové sloveso go for má několik významů. Jeden z nejběžnějších je vybrat si nebo rozhodnout se pro. Např.: I'd go for this one. - Já bych si vybral tento. Ve významu platit pro... se užívá go for stejně jako sloveso apply to əˈplaɪˌtuː. Např.: That goes for you too., That applies to you too. - To platí i pro tebe. ap.

    Jaywalking ˈdʒeɪˌwɔːkɪŋ je neukázněné přecházení silnice. Termín jaywalker ˈdʒeɪˌwɔːkə je neukázněný chodec (přecházející na červenou, mimo přechod ap.).

    Exercise 23

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    • Vyberte správné slovo podle výkladu.

    1 When two people are not a couple any more, they break up/down/in.
    7 When someone takes your things away, you are broken/robbed/stolen.
    6 When you get well again after being ill, you have tired/recovered/fainted.
    10 The part of a street used for walking is called the jaywalk/sidewalk/walker.
    9 An old person who doesn't work anymore is wrapped/retired/admitted.
    11 When you've done something many times and you have no problem doing it, you are used to/addicted to/interested in it.
    5 To get a driving licence, you must first make/get/pass a driving test.
    4 If you want to eat healthily, you should get/avoid/order junk food.
    8 When you give someone food, you say: Welcome/Cheers/Help yourself.
    3 When a meeting is to take place later, it is put out/away/off.
    2 When you get divorced/married/bored you become a husband and wife.

    Obrat to hail a taxi znamená zastavit si taxi (mávnutím). Podobně se užívá fráze wave down a taxi (wave weɪv - mávnout, zamávat).

    Exercise 24

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    • Doplňte překlady.

    7 Nejezdím po městě autem. I don't drive the city.
    12 Vyzvednu tě na letišti. I'll you up at the airport.
    6 Zvykl jsem si na to. I used to it.
    8 Odjíždím v pátek ráno. I'm leaving Friday morning.
    4 Mám (moc) rád italské jídlo. I'm of Italian food.
    14 Ať neodchází! Don't him go!
    11 Mám raději čaj než kávu. I tea to coffee.
    3 To zní zajímavě. That interesting.
    9 Byla okradena dvěma muži. She by two men.
    1 Zamilovala se do něho. She in love with him.
    5 Nechám to na vás. I'll it up to you.
    13 Jeďte po této cestě. Go this road.
    2 Doufejme, že to vyjde. Let's hope it'll off.
    10 Bude to stát spoustu peněz. It'll cost a of money.

    Ať v rozkazu lze také někdy přeložit pomocí obratu make sure (that) (ujisti se/zajisti, že...) Např.: Make sure you don't lose it. - Ať to neztratíš., Make sure he doesn't break it. - Ať to nerozbije. ap.

    Exercise 25

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    • Přeložte. Použijte nápovědu.

    3 Pokud vím, tak tady není.
    as far as
    7 Nejsem z toho zrovna nadšený.
    crazy
    1 Nevím, jak dlouho to potrvá.
    take
    5 Co takhle si dát pivo?
    pint
    12 Neslyším vás.
    can
    6 Nechce se mi tam jít.
    feel like
    4 To je ale překvapení!
    surprise
    11 Platím já! (pití ap.)
    buy
    8 To by bylo skvělé!
    great
    9 Změnil jsem názor.
    mind
    10 Rádi bychom si objednali.
    order
    2 Dám vám vědět co nejdřív.
    as soon as
    14 To rád slyším.
    glad
    13 To nevadí.
    mind

    Pozor na slovo frekventovaný při překladu do angličtiny! Ve významu častý je to frequent. Chcete-li ale říct, že je něco často navštěvované nebo je zde velký provoz, užije se frequented frɪˈkwεntɪd. Např.: frequented road - frekventovaná silnice.

    Exercise 26

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    • Přeložte.

    11 Musel jsem tam jít.
    8 Nesmíš to nikomu říct.
    2 Mám zpoždění.
    10 Nemusíte platit.
    7 Nebudu moci přijít.
    6 Postarám se o to.
    16 Bydlím tady už deset let.
    13 Nechám to na vás.
    1 Máte pravdu.
    14 Kdybych to měl, dal bych ti to.
    4 Co se děje?
    20 Hodně štěstí!
    19 Všechno nejlepší k narozeninám!
    12 Ještě nepřišel.
    5 Nevěděl jsem o tom.
    17 Jak dlouho už tady čekáte?
    18 Učím se anglicky už dva roky.
    3 Dlouho vás nezdržím.
    15 Nikdy jsem v Londýně nebyl.
    9 Co ještě potřebujete?

    Sidewalk je americký termín. V Británii pro chodník užívají pavement ˈpeɪvmənt! V americké angličtině je ale pavement zpevněná vozovka (asfaltovaný povrch ap.).

    Připoutat se (v autě ap.) se hlavně v americké angličtině hovorově řekne buckle up ˈbʌkəlˌʌp. Např.: Buckle up! - Připoutej(te) se!

    Pozor! Slovo police se v angličtině chová jako podstatné jméno v množném čísle, tedy: The police are ..., The police have ... ap.! Např. The police are after him. - Jde po něm policie., Police say that ... - Policie říká, že...