Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Přeložte.

    11 I'll do my best.
    8 He's to come too.
    19 I was fined for speeding.
    13 Have we met (before)?
    14 We had the house built.
    16 I'll do it asap.
    7 He's known her for years.
    15 Have you done it yet?
    2 I don't get it.
    6 It made him angry.
    3 It's getting worse.
    9 What was I supposed to do?
    4 They differ in many ways.
    1 How've you been?
    10 Can you give me a lift?
    12 I'd love to, but I can't.
    17 I'm looking forward to that.
    5 He has no sense of humour.
    18 I've been taking driving lessons.

    Speeding spiːdɪŋ je překročení povolené rychlosti (speed - rychlost). Speeding ticket je pokuta za rychlost. Např.: He got a speeding ticket. - Dostal pokutu za rychlost.

    Exercise 2

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    • Poslechněte si nahrávku a určete, zda je tvrzení pravdivé (true), nebo nepravdivé (false).

    5 New Yorkers are known to walk a lot around the city.
    1 Bob was fined 400 dollars for driving too fast.
    4 Americans mostly buy cars made in the US.
    6 Both the British and Americans like to use trains.
    3 They usually don't leave a tip in British pubs.
    7 Some 5 million people travel on the tube every day in London.
    2 John had an accident, but it wasn't his fault.
    8 The number of yellow cabs in New York is about 13.5 thousand.

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte odpovídající výroky.

    • 1 I'll keep it on.
    • 2 I won't keep you long.
    • 3 He broke up with her.
    • 4 I'll find out.
    • 5 He made it up.
    • 6 I'll catch up with you.
    • 7 He's missing her.
    • 8 He was fired.
    • g Nezdržím tě dlouho.
    • a Chybí mu.
    • e Nechám si to na sobě.
    • c Dostal vyhazov.
    • f Vymyslel si to.
    • b Doženu vás.
    • d Rozešel se s ní.
    • g Zjistím to.

    Exercise 4

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    2 How long will it ask/take/keep to get there? - About an hour.
    6 Could you take/get/pick me up at the airport tomorrow?
    9 I'm sorry of/at/about that. I did it by/on/of mistake.
    8 They took in/off/out a loan to buy a car.
    5 Did you get my e-mail? - Yes, but I haven't red/read/readed it yet.
    4 He wasn't supposed to know. You couldn't/shouldn't/wouldn't have told him.
    7 Come out/on/at. Hurry up! We'll be late.
    3 Jane and Bob prepared it himself/themselves/ourselves.
    1 Most from/of/in them didn't know.
    10 I usually go in/in/by car, but we met in/at/on the bus.

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte členy, some nebo any, kde třeba.

    5 Have wine! - Thanks, I don't drink alcohol.
    10 USA and Canada are almost same size.
    6 Can you give me hand? - I don't have time for that.
    11 A boy from US met girl from Europe.
    7 I had accident when driving to work this morning.
    8 I saw it on TV yesterday when I was watching news.
    1 Is there place where we could have dinner?
    3 Can you lend me money? - I don't have money.
    12 He's American who makes lot of money.
    4 I bought new car. - What did you do with old one?
    9 Would you like more cake? - Yes. I haven't had yet.
    13 Take meat out of bag and put it in fridge.
    2 Are there other ways? I can't think of .
    14 I had busy day at work. I'm going to bed.

    Exercise 6

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    • Doplňte překlady vět.

    10 Lepší by bylo počkat. It better to wait.
    5 Doufám, že ne. I hope .
    7 Kolikrát jsi to už viděl? How many have you seen it?
    11 To jídlo se může zkazit. The food may bad.
    2 Byli jsme okradeni. We were .
    1 Chystám se k odchodu. I'm to leave.
    3 Je mi to jedno. I don't (about it).
    14 Co tím myslíte? What do you by that?
    12 Počkám, až přijde. I'll wait him to come.
    13 Bude to hotovo do pátku. It'll be finished Friday.
    9 Neměl bys mu o tom říkat. You tell him.
    4 Budete muset počkat. You'll wait.
    8 Pokud vím... As as I know ...
    6 Kolik peněz tam je? How money is there?

    Exercise 7

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    • Spojte související výroky.

    • 1 He had a house built ...
    • 2 I'll tell her about it ...
    • 3 I've been learning English ...
    • 4 I tried to call him ...
    • 5 We had to wait ...
    • 6 I'm really sorry about ...
    • 7 I had a car accident ...
    • 8 He was fined 500 dollars ...
    • b what happened to her.
    • c but he sold it soon after.
    • g until they came back.
    • d but it wasn't my fault.
    • f which made him angry.
    • e but he isn't answering the phone.
    • a for about two years now.
    • h although she shouldn't know.

    Exercise 8

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    1 Are you looking forward to it? - Yes, I can't stay/afford/wait to see it.
    10 I sent it at/to/in his e-mail address at/on/by accident.
    3 He's a year younger, but he's a head longer/taller/higher than me.
    6 I'm feeling unwell. I'll have to see/meet/reach a doctor.
    2 What's up, man? Long time no sea/see/say. How've you been?
    12 I met her in/on/at the bus although I usually go on/in/by car.
    5 Are you hungry? - Not right/really/hardly. But I'm thirsty.
    13 We didn't meet on/at/by chance. We agreed to meet/meeting/met.
    7 Don't give up. You must stay/keep/last trying.
    11 I came at/across/about an interesting article.
    8 I'm in a hurry. I must catch/reach/have the bus.
    9 There will be no meeting. It was called out/away/off.
    4 I'm trying! - I know but you must try stronger/harder/heavier!

    Předložka by také znamená kolem, vedle (o pohybu). Např.: A police car went by. - Kolem projelo policejní auto. Stop by je hovorově stavit se (za někým).

    Exercise 9

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    • Doplňte druhou větu tak, aby měla opačný význam.

    4 I threw it away. - I it.
    7 The computer is still on. - The computer is .
    15 He does hardly any work. - He works really .
    13 They helped me do it. - I did it .
    6 You can get there by car. - You have to there.
    1 I have to work tomorrow. - I'm taking a day tomorrow.
    5 You must take off your glasses. - You must put your glasses.
    9 It cost at least 300. - It cost at 300.
    11 It's getting better. - It's getting .
    10 I like both beer and wine. - I like beer wine.
    2 He's found a job. - He was .
    8 Don't bring him with you. - Feel to bring him with you.
    14 What time do you go to bed? - What time do you up?
    12 She calmed him down. - She made him .
    3 She needn't know about it. - She know about it.

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte správné tvary slovesa v nápovědě.

    10 He be here a moment ago and he leave a message for you.
    1 Where be you last night?
    2 I haven't see you for ages!
    7 They meet years ago and become friends.
    4 He's speak to her.
    6 She was hit by a car.
    3 I've bring some wine.
    5 The house was sell for 20.000.
    8 He have an accident and was take to hospital.
    9 I give it to him and I think he keep it.

    Slovo left znamená též zbylý. Užívá se hlavně ve spojení be left - zbýt, zbývat. Např.: There's nothing left. - Nic nezbylo., I don't have much money left. - Už mi nezbývá moc peněz. ap.

    Exercise 11

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    • Doplňte správnou předložku.

    12 Thank you so much. It's so nice you.
    2 I'll see you Monday 4 p.m.
    1 Only one 20 Americans don't have a car.
    9 Look these two. Is there any difference them?
    8 They spend all their money food and clothes.
    5 We'll meet Christmas Eve at 7 p.m. my place.
    4 He'll be back ten minutes. You can wait him.
    6 Don't worry that. I'll take care it.
    11 Do you have it you? - No, I left it work.
    10 What disease did he die ? It's not known.
    7 Who'll be looking the kids when she's gone?
    3 I'm too tired. I can't go .

    Američané často jako výraz díků říkají: I appreciate it. - Vážím si toho., Oceňuji to. (appreciate əˈpriːʃɪˌeɪt - oceňovat, vážit si)

    Exercise 12

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    • Utvořte otázky. Ptejte se na zvýrazněná slova.

    9 He drank five beers.
    10 I've been learning English for a year.
    7 It cost me over 500 dollars.
    2 I've been waiting for an hour.
    4 I told Bob and Jane about it.
    1 He left for work an hour ago.
    3 Nobody else knows about it.
    6 I've known her for 2 years.
    8 I haven't sent it yet.
    5 We'll spend the weekend at the seaside.

    Exercise 13

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    • Doplňte překlady vět pomocí trpného rodu.

    1 Ukradli mu auto. His car .
    10 Ví se o něm, že je bohatý. He to be rich.
    6 Tato auta se vyrábí v Japonsku. These cars in Japan.
    9 Vzali ho na vysokou. He to college.
    2 Bude povýšena. She'll .
    11 Viděli ji, jak odchází. She leaving.
    5 Postavili 3 nové domy. Three new houses .
    8 Článek napsala dívka. The article by a girl.
    4 Srazilo je nákladní auto. They by a truck.
    3 Mohli by ho vyhodit z práce. He could .
    7 Toto slovo se často neužívá. This word often.
    12 Našli ji o týden později. She a week later.

    I'm flattered. ˈflætəd nebo též I feel flattered. je česky Jsem polichocen.

    Exercise 14

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu tvary slovesa do nebo make.

    4 How did you at school? Were you a good student?
    12 I only have 20 dollars. Will it ?
    10 Please your best. It's very important.
    9 These photos me want to go on holiday.
    11 He a lot of money last year.
    1 Have you your homework?
    5 I'm running late. I won't it in time.
    3 Stop fun of me!
    6 We can't without their help.
    8 I need to a phone call.
    7 They a lot of damage when they broke in.
    2 I've a big mistake.
    13 This dress me look fat.
    14 He it to her angry.
    15 it sense to you?

    Exercise 15

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    • Doplňte odpovědi pomocí slovesa z otázky.

    5 How long did you spend there? - We a week there.
    8 Did you understand him? - I only a few words.
    4 When did they send it? - They it last night.
    1 Where did you go on holiday? - We to the seaside.
    3 Did you get my message? - No, I no message.
    9 How did you feel when you found out? - I really bad.
    2 When did he lose his job? - He his job last year.
    10 Did you write down his name? - No, I his number.
    7 Did you buy any wine? - No, I only food.
    6 How many times did you try it? - I it at least five times.

    Exercise 16

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    • Doplňte správnou předložku.

    9 It looks you are having a great time.
    3 I'm leaving Paris tomorrow.
    8 She used to work a teacher.
    12 We'are all very sorry her death.
    11 It's not for kids. You must be 18 years old to buy it.
    2 We'll meet the airport.
    7 I'm tired listening to them. I'm leaving.
    4 It's very hot. The temperature is 30 degrees.
    6 I got it Christmas a friend of mine.
    1 Have you ever been the USA?
    10 It was a secret meeting. They met closed doors.
    5 It's too hot inside. I'll wait the pub.

    Spojení feel sorry for se užívá, když někoho litujete, be sorry for hlavně při omluvě za svůj čin ap., ale be sorry about se užije o situaci či něčem, co nastalo. Např.: I felt sorry for him. - Bylo mi ho líto., I'm sorry for disturbing you. - Promiňte, že vás ruším. ALE I'm sorry about that. - To mě mrzí. Sorry se může vázat i s infinitivem. Např.: We're sorry to inform you ... - S politováním vám oznamujeme...

    Exercise 17

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    • Napište věty, které uslyšíte. Neužívejte stažené tvary. (Pište celými slovy.)

    10
    1
    7
    8
    5
    3
    9
    6
    2
    4

    Exercise 18

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    • Spojte výroky, které mají opačný význam.

    • 1 He's jobless.
    • 2 He made her angry.
    • 3 He's in good health.
    • 4 I'm enjoying it.
    • 5 He died there.
    • 6 I don't care about her.
    • 7 I have two siblings.
    • 8 I'm really hungry.
    • b I'm tired of it.
    • g I'm crazy about her.
    • d I'm an only child.
    • h He was born there.
    • e He's employed.
    • c I've eaten.
    • a He's seriously ill.
    • f He calmed her down.

    Exercise 19

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    • Doplňte větu posunutou do minulého času s užitím časové souslednosti.

    9 I don't know who did it. - I didn't know who it.
    6 She says she'll help us. - She said she help us.
    4 I suppose you know that. - I supposed you that.
    2 I'm afraid they're lost. - I was afraid they lost.
    1 I think she is there. - I thought she there.
    5 I hope you'll come. - I hoped you come.
    10 I know what he's going to do. - I knew what he going to do.
    8 He says he was there. - He said he there.
    3 I'm sure they have it. - I was sure they it.
    7 I believe he forgot about it. - I believed he it.

    Exercise 20

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    • Přeložte. Použijte nápovědu.

    9 Dám si ještě jedno pivo.
    more
    8 Co ještě bych měl udělat?
    else
    2 Už jsi to poslal?
    yet
    4 Už odešli.
    already
    7 To bude ještě dražší.
    even
    3 Právě jsem to dodělal.
    just
    10 Zkus to ještě jednou.
    again; more
    1 Díváme se právě na film.
    just
    5 Neviděl jsem ho už měsíce.
    for months
    6 Ještě jsem to nečetl.
    yet

    Exercise 21

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    • Doplňte překlady pomocí frázových sloves.

    7 Mám pustit televizi? Shall I on the TV?
    10 Čti dál. on reading.
    3 Chtějí si užít (života). They want to it up.
    4 Řekni mu, ať se uklidní. Tell him to down.
    14 (Dávej) pozor! Watch !
    13 Vyrazíme brzy ráno. We'll out early.
    8 Letadlo už odstartovalo. The plane has off.
    6 Ceny domů vzrostly o... House prices up by ...
    11 Můžeme to odložit? Can we it off?
    2 Měl by nechat kouření. He should up smoking.
    12 Došel mi benzín. I've out of petrol.
    5 Musím se přihlásit v hotelu. I must in at the hotel.
    1 Už jsem zjistil, kolik to stojí. I've out how much it costs.
    9 Vydržte chvilku. Hold a minute.

    Frázové sloveso go for má několik významů. Jeden z nejběžnějších je vybrat si nebo rozhodnout se pro. Např.: I'd go for this one. - Já bych si vybral tento. Ve významu platit pro... se užívá go for stejně jako sloveso apply to əˈplaɪˌtuː. Např.: That goes for you too., That applies to you too. - To platí i pro tebe. ap.

    Jaywalking ˈdʒeɪˌwɔːkɪŋ je neukázněné přecházení silnice. Termín jaywalker ˈdʒeɪˌwɔːkə je neukázněný chodec (přecházející na červenou, mimo přechod ap.).

    Exercise 23

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    • Vyberte správné slovo podle výkladu.

    10 The part of a street used for walking is called the jaywalk/sidewalk/walker.
    2 When you get divorced/married/bored you become a husband and wife.
    3 When a meeting is to take place later, it is put out/away/off.
    11 When you've done something many times and you have no problem doing it, you are used to/addicted to/interested in it.
    8 When you give someone food, you say: Welcome/Cheers/Help yourself.
    6 When you get well again after being ill, you have tired/recovered/fainted.
    5 To get a driving licence, you must first make/get/pass a driving test.
    1 When two people are not a couple any more, they break up/down/in.
    7 When someone takes your things away, you are broken/robbed/stolen.
    9 An old person who doesn't work anymore is wrapped/retired/admitted.
    4 If you want to eat healthily, you should get/avoid/order junk food.

    Obrat to hail a taxi znamená zastavit si taxi (mávnutím). Podobně se užívá fráze wave down a taxi (wave weɪv - mávnout, zamávat).

    Exercise 24

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    • Doplňte překlady.

    14 Ať neodchází! Don't him go!
    10 Bude to stát spoustu peněz. It'll cost a of money.
    3 To zní zajímavě. That interesting.
    8 Odjíždím v pátek ráno. I'm leaving Friday morning.
    9 Byla okradena dvěma muži. She by two men.
    12 Vyzvednu tě na letišti. I'll you up at the airport.
    6 Zvykl jsem si na to. I used to it.
    5 Nechám to na vás. I'll it up to you.
    13 Jeďte po této cestě. Go this road.
    7 Nejezdím po městě autem. I don't drive the city.
    1 Zamilovala se do něho. She in love with him.
    11 Mám raději čaj než kávu. I tea to coffee.
    4 Mám (moc) rád italské jídlo. I'm of Italian food.
    2 Doufejme, že to vyjde. Let's hope it'll off.

    Ať v rozkazu lze také někdy přeložit pomocí obratu make sure (that) (ujisti se/zajisti, že...) Např.: Make sure you don't lose it. - Ať to neztratíš., Make sure he doesn't break it. - Ať to nerozbije. ap.

    Exercise 25

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    • Přeložte. Použijte nápovědu.

    3 Pokud vím, tak tady není.
    as far as
    11 Platím já! (pití ap.)
    buy
    4 To je ale překvapení!
    surprise
    10 Rádi bychom si objednali.
    order
    14 To rád slyším.
    glad
    8 To by bylo skvělé!
    great
    9 Změnil jsem názor.
    mind
    12 Neslyším vás.
    can
    6 Nechce se mi tam jít.
    feel like
    5 Co takhle si dát pivo?
    pint
    13 To nevadí.
    mind
    7 Nejsem z toho zrovna nadšený.
    crazy
    1 Nevím, jak dlouho to potrvá.
    take
    2 Dám vám vědět co nejdřív.
    as soon as

    Pozor na slovo frekventovaný při překladu do angličtiny! Ve významu častý je to frequent. Chcete-li ale říct, že je něco často navštěvované nebo je zde velký provoz, užije se frequented frɪˈkwεntɪd. Např.: frequented road - frekventovaná silnice.

    Exercise 26

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    • Přeložte.

    19 Všechno nejlepší k narozeninám!
    12 Ještě nepřišel.
    7 Nebudu moci přijít.
    5 Nevěděl jsem o tom.
    10 Nemusíte platit.
    14 Kdybych to měl, dal bych ti to.
    18 Učím se anglicky už dva roky.
    4 Co se děje?
    2 Mám zpoždění.
    1 Máte pravdu.
    17 Jak dlouho už tady čekáte?
    6 Postarám se o to.
    11 Musel jsem tam jít.
    15 Nikdy jsem v Londýně nebyl.
    20 Hodně štěstí!
    9 Co ještě potřebujete?
    13 Nechám to na vás.
    3 Dlouho vás nezdržím.
    8 Nesmíš to nikomu říct.
    16 Bydlím tady už deset let.

    Sidewalk je americký termín. V Británii pro chodník užívají pavement ˈpeɪvmənt! V americké angličtině je ale pavement zpevněná vozovka (asfaltovaný povrch ap.).

    Připoutat se (v autě ap.) se hlavně v americké angličtině hovorově řekne buckle up ˈbʌkəlˌʌp. Např.: Buckle up! - Připoutej(te) se!

    Pozor! Slovo police se v angličtině chová jako podstatné jméno v množném čísle, tedy: The police are ..., The police have ... ap.! Např. The police are after him. - Jde po něm policie., Police say that ... - Policie říká, že...