Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Přeložte.

    6 It made him angry.
    13 Have we met (before)?
    5 He has no sense of humour.
    12 I'd love to, but I can't.
    1 How've you been?
    18 I've been taking driving lessons.
    17 I'm looking forward to that.
    4 They differ in many ways.
    8 He's to come too.
    19 I was fined for speeding.
    15 Have you done it yet?
    9 What was I supposed to do?
    16 I'll do it asap.
    11 I'll do my best.
    2 I don't get it.
    7 He's known her for years.
    14 We had the house built.
    10 Can you give me a lift?
    3 It's getting worse.

    Speeding spiːdɪŋ je překročení povolené rychlosti (speed - rychlost). Speeding ticket je pokuta za rychlost. Např.: He got a speeding ticket. - Dostal pokutu za rychlost.

    Exercise 2

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    • Poslechněte si nahrávku a určete, zda je tvrzení pravdivé (true), nebo nepravdivé (false).

    6 Both the British and Americans like to use trains.
    1 Bob was fined 400 dollars for driving too fast.
    2 John had an accident, but it wasn't his fault.
    7 Some 5 million people travel on the tube every day in London.
    4 Americans mostly buy cars made in the US.
    5 New Yorkers are known to walk a lot around the city.
    3 They usually don't leave a tip in British pubs.
    8 The number of yellow cabs in New York is about 13.5 thousand.

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte odpovídající výroky.

    • 1 I'll keep it on.
    • 2 I won't keep you long.
    • 3 He broke up with her.
    • 4 I'll find out.
    • 5 He made it up.
    • 6 I'll catch up with you.
    • 7 He's missing her.
    • 8 He was fired.
    • b Doženu vás.
    • g Zjistím to.
    • f Vymyslel si to.
    • e Nechám si to na sobě.
    • a Chybí mu.
    • d Rozešel se s ní.
    • c Dostal vyhazov.
    • g Nezdržím tě dlouho.

    Exercise 4

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    7 Come out/on/at. Hurry up! We'll be late.
    8 They took in/off/out a loan to buy a car.
    9 I'm sorry of/at/about that. I did it by/on/of mistake.
    10 I usually go in/in/by car, but we met in/at/on the bus.
    4 He wasn't supposed to know. You couldn't/shouldn't/wouldn't have told him.
    2 How long will it ask/take/keep to get there? - About an hour.
    3 Jane and Bob prepared it himself/themselves/ourselves.
    5 Did you get my e-mail? - Yes, but I haven't red/read/readed it yet.
    1 Most from/of/in them didn't know.
    6 Could you take/get/pick me up at the airport tomorrow?

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte členy, some nebo any, kde třeba.

    8 I saw it on TV yesterday when I was watching news.
    3 Can you lend me money? - I don't have money.
    12 He's American who makes lot of money.
    11 A boy from US met girl from Europe.
    6 Can you give me hand? - I don't have time for that.
    1 Is there place where we could have dinner?
    4 I bought new car. - What did you do with old one?
    13 Take meat out of bag and put it in fridge.
    10 USA and Canada are almost same size.
    2 Are there other ways? I can't think of .
    9 Would you like more cake? - Yes. I haven't had yet.
    7 I had accident when driving to work this morning.
    5 Have wine! - Thanks, I don't drink alcohol.
    14 I had busy day at work. I'm going to bed.

    Exercise 6

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    • Doplňte překlady vět.

    12 Počkám, až přijde. I'll wait him to come.
    14 Co tím myslíte? What do you by that?
    8 Pokud vím... As as I know ...
    9 Neměl bys mu o tom říkat. You tell him.
    3 Je mi to jedno. I don't (about it).
    1 Chystám se k odchodu. I'm to leave.
    7 Kolikrát jsi to už viděl? How many have you seen it?
    11 To jídlo se může zkazit. The food may bad.
    13 Bude to hotovo do pátku. It'll be finished Friday.
    4 Budete muset počkat. You'll wait.
    2 Byli jsme okradeni. We were .
    10 Lepší by bylo počkat. It better to wait.
    6 Kolik peněz tam je? How money is there?
    5 Doufám, že ne. I hope .

    Exercise 7

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    • Spojte související výroky.

    • 1 He had a house built ...
    • 2 I'll tell her about it ...
    • 3 I've been learning English ...
    • 4 I tried to call him ...
    • 5 We had to wait ...
    • 6 I'm really sorry about ...
    • 7 I had a car accident ...
    • 8 He was fined 500 dollars ...
    • c but he sold it soon after.
    • e but he isn't answering the phone.
    • g until they came back.
    • b what happened to her.
    • f which made him angry.
    • d but it wasn't my fault.
    • a for about two years now.
    • h although she shouldn't know.

    Exercise 8

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    11 I came at/across/about an interesting article.
    6 I'm feeling unwell. I'll have to see/meet/reach a doctor.
    1 Are you looking forward to it? - Yes, I can't stay/afford/wait to see it.
    3 He's a year younger, but he's a head longer/taller/higher than me.
    13 We didn't meet on/at/by chance. We agreed to meet/meeting/met.
    5 Are you hungry? - Not right/really/hardly. But I'm thirsty.
    8 I'm in a hurry. I must catch/reach/have the bus.
    2 What's up, man? Long time no sea/see/say. How've you been?
    4 I'm trying! - I know but you must try stronger/harder/heavier!
    12 I met her in/on/at the bus although I usually go on/in/by car.
    7 Don't give up. You must stay/keep/last trying.
    9 There will be no meeting. It was called out/away/off.
    10 I sent it at/to/in his e-mail address at/on/by accident.

    Předložka by také znamená kolem, vedle (o pohybu). Např.: A police car went by. - Kolem projelo policejní auto. Stop by je hovorově stavit se (za někým).

    Exercise 9

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    • Doplňte druhou větu tak, aby měla opačný význam.

    3 She needn't know about it. - She know about it.
    14 What time do you go to bed? - What time do you up?
    2 He's found a job. - He was .
    7 The computer is still on. - The computer is .
    6 You can get there by car. - You have to there.
    1 I have to work tomorrow. - I'm taking a day tomorrow.
    8 Don't bring him with you. - Feel to bring him with you.
    11 It's getting better. - It's getting .
    15 He does hardly any work. - He works really .
    10 I like both beer and wine. - I like beer wine.
    9 It cost at least 300. - It cost at 300.
    13 They helped me do it. - I did it .
    4 I threw it away. - I it.
    12 She calmed him down. - She made him .
    5 You must take off your glasses. - You must put your glasses.

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte správné tvary slovesa v nápovědě.

    3 I've bring some wine.
    8 He have an accident and was take to hospital.
    7 They meet years ago and become friends.
    9 I give it to him and I think he keep it.
    1 Where be you last night?
    4 He's speak to her.
    2 I haven't see you for ages!
    5 The house was sell for 20.000.
    6 She was hit by a car.
    10 He be here a moment ago and he leave a message for you.

    Slovo left znamená též zbylý. Užívá se hlavně ve spojení be left - zbýt, zbývat. Např.: There's nothing left. - Nic nezbylo., I don't have much money left. - Už mi nezbývá moc peněz. ap.

    Exercise 11

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    • Doplňte správnou předložku.

    9 Look these two. Is there any difference them?
    3 I'm too tired. I can't go .
    4 He'll be back ten minutes. You can wait him.
    6 Don't worry that. I'll take care it.
    12 Thank you so much. It's so nice you.
    5 We'll meet Christmas Eve at 7 p.m. my place.
    1 Only one 20 Americans don't have a car.
    2 I'll see you Monday 4 p.m.
    10 What disease did he die ? It's not known.
    11 Do you have it you? - No, I left it work.
    7 Who'll be looking the kids when she's gone?
    8 They spend all their money food and clothes.

    Američané často jako výraz díků říkají: I appreciate it. - Vážím si toho., Oceňuji to. (appreciate əˈpriːʃɪˌeɪt - oceňovat, vážit si)

    Exercise 12

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    • Utvořte otázky. Ptejte se na zvýrazněná slova.

    8 I haven't sent it yet.
    2 I've been waiting for an hour.
    9 He drank five beers.
    4 I told Bob and Jane about it.
    1 He left for work an hour ago.
    5 We'll spend the weekend at the seaside.
    3 Nobody else knows about it.
    6 I've known her for 2 years.
    10 I've been learning English for a year.
    7 It cost me over 500 dollars.

    Exercise 13

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    • Doplňte překlady vět pomocí trpného rodu.

    9 Vzali ho na vysokou. He to college.
    1 Ukradli mu auto. His car .
    12 Našli ji o týden později. She a week later.
    7 Toto slovo se často neužívá. This word often.
    10 Ví se o něm, že je bohatý. He to be rich.
    2 Bude povýšena. She'll .
    5 Postavili 3 nové domy. Three new houses .
    4 Srazilo je nákladní auto. They by a truck.
    3 Mohli by ho vyhodit z práce. He could .
    11 Viděli ji, jak odchází. She leaving.
    8 Článek napsala dívka. The article by a girl.
    6 Tato auta se vyrábí v Japonsku. These cars in Japan.

    I'm flattered. ˈflætəd nebo též I feel flattered. je česky Jsem polichocen.

    Exercise 14

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu tvary slovesa do nebo make.

    3 Stop fun of me!
    5 I'm running late. I won't it in time.
    6 We can't without their help.
    10 Please your best. It's very important.
    9 These photos me want to go on holiday.
    15 it sense to you?
    12 I only have 20 dollars. Will it ?
    8 I need to a phone call.
    4 How did you at school? Were you a good student?
    1 Have you your homework?
    13 This dress me look fat.
    11 He a lot of money last year.
    2 I've a big mistake.
    7 They a lot of damage when they broke in.
    14 He it to her angry.

    Exercise 15

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    • Doplňte odpovědi pomocí slovesa z otázky.

    8 Did you understand him? - I only a few words.
    1 Where did you go on holiday? - We to the seaside.
    10 Did you write down his name? - No, I his number.
    6 How many times did you try it? - I it at least five times.
    3 Did you get my message? - No, I no message.
    4 When did they send it? - They it last night.
    9 How did you feel when you found out? - I really bad.
    5 How long did you spend there? - We a week there.
    2 When did he lose his job? - He his job last year.
    7 Did you buy any wine? - No, I only food.

    Exercise 16

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    • Doplňte správnou předložku.

    10 It was a secret meeting. They met closed doors.
    4 It's very hot. The temperature is 30 degrees.
    1 Have you ever been the USA?
    9 It looks you are having a great time.
    8 She used to work a teacher.
    2 We'll meet the airport.
    11 It's not for kids. You must be 18 years old to buy it.
    12 We'are all very sorry her death.
    5 It's too hot inside. I'll wait the pub.
    3 I'm leaving Paris tomorrow.
    7 I'm tired listening to them. I'm leaving.
    6 I got it Christmas a friend of mine.

    Spojení feel sorry for se užívá, když někoho litujete, be sorry for hlavně při omluvě za svůj čin ap., ale be sorry about se užije o situaci či něčem, co nastalo. Např.: I felt sorry for him. - Bylo mi ho líto., I'm sorry for disturbing you. - Promiňte, že vás ruším. ALE I'm sorry about that. - To mě mrzí. Sorry se může vázat i s infinitivem. Např.: We're sorry to inform you ... - S politováním vám oznamujeme...

    Exercise 17

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    • Napište věty, které uslyšíte. Neužívejte stažené tvary. (Pište celými slovy.)

    2
    10
    3
    9
    6
    7
    4
    8
    1
    5

    Exercise 18

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    • Spojte výroky, které mají opačný význam.

    • 1 He's jobless.
    • 2 He made her angry.
    • 3 He's in good health.
    • 4 I'm enjoying it.
    • 5 He died there.
    • 6 I don't care about her.
    • 7 I have two siblings.
    • 8 I'm really hungry.
    • b I'm tired of it.
    • f He calmed her down.
    • c I've eaten.
    • d I'm an only child.
    • g I'm crazy about her.
    • h He was born there.
    • a He's seriously ill.
    • e He's employed.

    Exercise 19

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    • Doplňte větu posunutou do minulého času s užitím časové souslednosti.

    7 I believe he forgot about it. - I believed he it.
    10 I know what he's going to do. - I knew what he going to do.
    2 I'm afraid they're lost. - I was afraid they lost.
    9 I don't know who did it. - I didn't know who it.
    6 She says she'll help us. - She said she help us.
    8 He says he was there. - He said he there.
    1 I think she is there. - I thought she there.
    4 I suppose you know that. - I supposed you that.
    5 I hope you'll come. - I hoped you come.
    3 I'm sure they have it. - I was sure they it.

    Exercise 20

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    • Přeložte. Použijte nápovědu.

    6 Ještě jsem to nečetl.
    yet
    7 To bude ještě dražší.
    even
    2 Už jsi to poslal?
    yet
    8 Co ještě bych měl udělat?
    else
    10 Zkus to ještě jednou.
    again; more
    9 Dám si ještě jedno pivo.
    more
    3 Právě jsem to dodělal.
    just
    1 Díváme se právě na film.
    just
    4 Už odešli.
    already
    5 Neviděl jsem ho už měsíce.
    for months

    Exercise 21

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    • Doplňte překlady pomocí frázových sloves.

    3 Chtějí si užít (života). They want to it up.
    13 Vyrazíme brzy ráno. We'll out early.
    8 Letadlo už odstartovalo. The plane has off.
    12 Došel mi benzín. I've out of petrol.
    5 Musím se přihlásit v hotelu. I must in at the hotel.
    10 Čti dál. on reading.
    2 Měl by nechat kouření. He should up smoking.
    4 Řekni mu, ať se uklidní. Tell him to down.
    9 Vydržte chvilku. Hold a minute.
    1 Už jsem zjistil, kolik to stojí. I've out how much it costs.
    11 Můžeme to odložit? Can we it off?
    6 Ceny domů vzrostly o... House prices up by ...
    14 (Dávej) pozor! Watch !
    7 Mám pustit televizi? Shall I on the TV?

    Frázové sloveso go for má několik významů. Jeden z nejběžnějších je vybrat si nebo rozhodnout se pro. Např.: I'd go for this one. - Já bych si vybral tento. Ve významu platit pro... se užívá go for stejně jako sloveso apply to əˈplaɪˌtuː. Např.: That goes for you too., That applies to you too. - To platí i pro tebe. ap.

    Jaywalking ˈdʒeɪˌwɔːkɪŋ je neukázněné přecházení silnice. Termín jaywalker ˈdʒeɪˌwɔːkə je neukázněný chodec (přecházející na červenou, mimo přechod ap.).

    Exercise 23

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    • Vyberte správné slovo podle výkladu.

    6 When you get well again after being ill, you have tired/recovered/fainted.
    2 When you get divorced/married/bored you become a husband and wife.
    3 When a meeting is to take place later, it is put out/away/off.
    9 An old person who doesn't work anymore is wrapped/retired/admitted.
    7 When someone takes your things away, you are broken/robbed/stolen.
    4 If you want to eat healthily, you should get/avoid/order junk food.
    10 The part of a street used for walking is called the jaywalk/sidewalk/walker.
    1 When two people are not a couple any more, they break up/down/in.
    8 When you give someone food, you say: Welcome/Cheers/Help yourself.
    11 When you've done something many times and you have no problem doing it, you are used to/addicted to/interested in it.
    5 To get a driving licence, you must first make/get/pass a driving test.

    Obrat to hail a taxi znamená zastavit si taxi (mávnutím). Podobně se užívá fráze wave down a taxi (wave weɪv - mávnout, zamávat).

    Exercise 24

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    • Doplňte překlady.

    7 Nejezdím po městě autem. I don't drive the city.
    1 Zamilovala se do něho. She in love with him.
    6 Zvykl jsem si na to. I used to it.
    13 Jeďte po této cestě. Go this road.
    9 Byla okradena dvěma muži. She by two men.
    2 Doufejme, že to vyjde. Let's hope it'll off.
    4 Mám (moc) rád italské jídlo. I'm of Italian food.
    11 Mám raději čaj než kávu. I tea to coffee.
    14 Ať neodchází! Don't him go!
    8 Odjíždím v pátek ráno. I'm leaving Friday morning.
    3 To zní zajímavě. That interesting.
    10 Bude to stát spoustu peněz. It'll cost a of money.
    12 Vyzvednu tě na letišti. I'll you up at the airport.
    5 Nechám to na vás. I'll it up to you.

    Ať v rozkazu lze také někdy přeložit pomocí obratu make sure (that) (ujisti se/zajisti, že...) Např.: Make sure you don't lose it. - Ať to neztratíš., Make sure he doesn't break it. - Ať to nerozbije. ap.

    Exercise 25

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    • Přeložte. Použijte nápovědu.

    14 To rád slyším.
    glad
    4 To je ale překvapení!
    surprise
    11 Platím já! (pití ap.)
    buy
    3 Pokud vím, tak tady není.
    as far as
    13 To nevadí.
    mind
    10 Rádi bychom si objednali.
    order
    8 To by bylo skvělé!
    great
    6 Nechce se mi tam jít.
    feel like
    7 Nejsem z toho zrovna nadšený.
    crazy
    5 Co takhle si dát pivo?
    pint
    1 Nevím, jak dlouho to potrvá.
    take
    9 Změnil jsem názor.
    mind
    2 Dám vám vědět co nejdřív.
    as soon as
    12 Neslyším vás.
    can

    Pozor na slovo frekventovaný při překladu do angličtiny! Ve významu častý je to frequent. Chcete-li ale říct, že je něco často navštěvované nebo je zde velký provoz, užije se frequented frɪˈkwεntɪd. Např.: frequented road - frekventovaná silnice.

    Exercise 26

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    • Přeložte.

    6 Postarám se o to.
    19 Všechno nejlepší k narozeninám!
    5 Nevěděl jsem o tom.
    4 Co se děje?
    18 Učím se anglicky už dva roky.
    1 Máte pravdu.
    20 Hodně štěstí!
    15 Nikdy jsem v Londýně nebyl.
    11 Musel jsem tam jít.
    17 Jak dlouho už tady čekáte?
    2 Mám zpoždění.
    8 Nesmíš to nikomu říct.
    14 Kdybych to měl, dal bych ti to.
    9 Co ještě potřebujete?
    7 Nebudu moci přijít.
    3 Dlouho vás nezdržím.
    16 Bydlím tady už deset let.
    13 Nechám to na vás.
    12 Ještě nepřišel.
    10 Nemusíte platit.

    Sidewalk je americký termín. V Británii pro chodník užívají pavement ˈpeɪvmənt! V americké angličtině je ale pavement zpevněná vozovka (asfaltovaný povrch ap.).

    Připoutat se (v autě ap.) se hlavně v americké angličtině hovorově řekne buckle up ˈbʌkəlˌʌp. Např.: Buckle up! - Připoutej(te) se!

    Pozor! Slovo police se v angličtině chová jako podstatné jméno v množném čísle, tedy: The police are ..., The police have ... ap.! Např. The police are after him. - Jde po něm policie., Police say that ... - Policie říká, že...