Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Přeložte.

    5 He has no sense of humour.
    6 It made him angry.
    3 It's getting worse.
    13 Have we met (before)?
    15 Have you done it yet?
    8 He's to come too.
    14 We had the house built.
    1 How've you been?
    18 I've been taking driving lessons.
    2 I don't get it.
    17 I'm looking forward to that.
    7 He's known her for years.
    9 What was I supposed to do?
    12 I'd love to, but I can't.
    10 Can you give me a lift?
    16 I'll do it asap.
    11 I'll do my best.
    4 They differ in many ways.
    19 I was fined for speeding.

    Speeding spiːdɪŋ je překročení povolené rychlosti (speed - rychlost). Speeding ticket je pokuta za rychlost. Např.: He got a speeding ticket. - Dostal pokutu za rychlost.

    Exercise 2

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    • Poslechněte si nahrávku a určete, zda je tvrzení pravdivé (true), nebo nepravdivé (false).

    6 Both the British and Americans like to use trains.
    5 New Yorkers are known to walk a lot around the city.
    7 Some 5 million people travel on the tube every day in London.
    1 Bob was fined 400 dollars for driving too fast.
    2 John had an accident, but it wasn't his fault.
    4 Americans mostly buy cars made in the US.
    8 The number of yellow cabs in New York is about 13.5 thousand.
    3 They usually don't leave a tip in British pubs.

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte odpovídající výroky.

    • 1 I'll keep it on.
    • 2 I won't keep you long.
    • 3 He broke up with her.
    • 4 I'll find out.
    • 5 He made it up.
    • 6 I'll catch up with you.
    • 7 He's missing her.
    • 8 He was fired.
    • g Nezdržím tě dlouho.
    • c Dostal vyhazov.
    • e Nechám si to na sobě.
    • b Doženu vás.
    • g Zjistím to.
    • f Vymyslel si to.
    • d Rozešel se s ní.
    • a Chybí mu.

    Exercise 4

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    3 Jane and Bob prepared it himself/themselves/ourselves.
    1 Most from/of/in them didn't know.
    5 Did you get my e-mail? - Yes, but I haven't red/read/readed it yet.
    7 Come out/on/at. Hurry up! We'll be late.
    10 I usually go in/in/by car, but we met in/at/on the bus.
    8 They took in/off/out a loan to buy a car.
    4 He wasn't supposed to know. You couldn't/shouldn't/wouldn't have told him.
    6 Could you take/get/pick me up at the airport tomorrow?
    2 How long will it ask/take/keep to get there? - About an hour.
    9 I'm sorry of/at/about that. I did it by/on/of mistake.

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte členy, some nebo any, kde třeba.

    12 He's American who makes lot of money.
    2 Are there other ways? I can't think of .
    8 I saw it on TV yesterday when I was watching news.
    6 Can you give me hand? - I don't have time for that.
    1 Is there place where we could have dinner?
    4 I bought new car. - What did you do with old one?
    5 Have wine! - Thanks, I don't drink alcohol.
    9 Would you like more cake? - Yes. I haven't had yet.
    3 Can you lend me money? - I don't have money.
    7 I had accident when driving to work this morning.
    10 USA and Canada are almost same size.
    13 Take meat out of bag and put it in fridge.
    11 A boy from US met girl from Europe.
    14 I had busy day at work. I'm going to bed.

    Exercise 6

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    • Doplňte překlady vět.

    11 To jídlo se může zkazit. The food may bad.
    13 Bude to hotovo do pátku. It'll be finished Friday.
    7 Kolikrát jsi to už viděl? How many have you seen it?
    14 Co tím myslíte? What do you by that?
    10 Lepší by bylo počkat. It better to wait.
    9 Neměl bys mu o tom říkat. You tell him.
    12 Počkám, až přijde. I'll wait him to come.
    3 Je mi to jedno. I don't (about it).
    6 Kolik peněz tam je? How money is there?
    1 Chystám se k odchodu. I'm to leave.
    2 Byli jsme okradeni. We were .
    4 Budete muset počkat. You'll wait.
    5 Doufám, že ne. I hope .
    8 Pokud vím... As as I know ...

    Exercise 7

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    • Spojte související výroky.

    • 1 He had a house built ...
    • 2 I'll tell her about it ...
    • 3 I've been learning English ...
    • 4 I tried to call him ...
    • 5 We had to wait ...
    • 6 I'm really sorry about ...
    • 7 I had a car accident ...
    • 8 He was fined 500 dollars ...
    • c but he sold it soon after.
    • e but he isn't answering the phone.
    • a for about two years now.
    • g until they came back.
    • h although she shouldn't know.
    • d but it wasn't my fault.
    • f which made him angry.
    • b what happened to her.

    Exercise 8

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    4 I'm trying! - I know but you must try stronger/harder/heavier!
    9 There will be no meeting. It was called out/away/off.
    6 I'm feeling unwell. I'll have to see/meet/reach a doctor.
    8 I'm in a hurry. I must catch/reach/have the bus.
    5 Are you hungry? - Not right/really/hardly. But I'm thirsty.
    11 I came at/across/about an interesting article.
    3 He's a year younger, but he's a head longer/taller/higher than me.
    12 I met her in/on/at the bus although I usually go on/in/by car.
    2 What's up, man? Long time no sea/see/say. How've you been?
    7 Don't give up. You must stay/keep/last trying.
    10 I sent it at/to/in his e-mail address at/on/by accident.
    1 Are you looking forward to it? - Yes, I can't stay/afford/wait to see it.
    13 We didn't meet on/at/by chance. We agreed to meet/meeting/met.

    Předložka by také znamená kolem, vedle (o pohybu). Např.: A police car went by. - Kolem projelo policejní auto. Stop by je hovorově stavit se (za někým).

    Exercise 9

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    • Doplňte druhou větu tak, aby měla opačný význam.

    11 It's getting better. - It's getting .
    8 Don't bring him with you. - Feel to bring him with you.
    3 She needn't know about it. - She know about it.
    14 What time do you go to bed? - What time do you up?
    2 He's found a job. - He was .
    13 They helped me do it. - I did it .
    10 I like both beer and wine. - I like beer wine.
    6 You can get there by car. - You have to there.
    1 I have to work tomorrow. - I'm taking a day tomorrow.
    4 I threw it away. - I it.
    12 She calmed him down. - She made him .
    9 It cost at least 300. - It cost at 300.
    15 He does hardly any work. - He works really .
    5 You must take off your glasses. - You must put your glasses.
    7 The computer is still on. - The computer is .

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte správné tvary slovesa v nápovědě.

    1 Where be you last night?
    4 He's speak to her.
    5 The house was sell for 20.000.
    7 They meet years ago and become friends.
    6 She was hit by a car.
    8 He have an accident and was take to hospital.
    10 He be here a moment ago and he leave a message for you.
    2 I haven't see you for ages!
    3 I've bring some wine.
    9 I give it to him and I think he keep it.

    Slovo left znamená též zbylý. Užívá se hlavně ve spojení be left - zbýt, zbývat. Např.: There's nothing left. - Nic nezbylo., I don't have much money left. - Už mi nezbývá moc peněz. ap.

    Exercise 11

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    • Doplňte správnou předložku.

    4 He'll be back ten minutes. You can wait him.
    12 Thank you so much. It's so nice you.
    11 Do you have it you? - No, I left it work.
    7 Who'll be looking the kids when she's gone?
    10 What disease did he die ? It's not known.
    6 Don't worry that. I'll take care it.
    3 I'm too tired. I can't go .
    8 They spend all their money food and clothes.
    1 Only one 20 Americans don't have a car.
    2 I'll see you Monday 4 p.m.
    5 We'll meet Christmas Eve at 7 p.m. my place.
    9 Look these two. Is there any difference them?

    Američané často jako výraz díků říkají: I appreciate it. - Vážím si toho., Oceňuji to. (appreciate əˈpriːʃɪˌeɪt - oceňovat, vážit si)

    Exercise 12

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    • Utvořte otázky. Ptejte se na zvýrazněná slova.

    3 Nobody else knows about it.
    1 He left for work an hour ago.
    9 He drank five beers.
    4 I told Bob and Jane about it.
    6 I've known her for 2 years.
    5 We'll spend the weekend at the seaside.
    2 I've been waiting for an hour.
    7 It cost me over 500 dollars.
    10 I've been learning English for a year.
    8 I haven't sent it yet.

    Exercise 13

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    • Doplňte překlady vět pomocí trpného rodu.

    12 Našli ji o týden později. She a week later.
    4 Srazilo je nákladní auto. They by a truck.
    11 Viděli ji, jak odchází. She leaving.
    10 Ví se o něm, že je bohatý. He to be rich.
    8 Článek napsala dívka. The article by a girl.
    1 Ukradli mu auto. His car .
    7 Toto slovo se často neužívá. This word often.
    2 Bude povýšena. She'll .
    5 Postavili 3 nové domy. Three new houses .
    6 Tato auta se vyrábí v Japonsku. These cars in Japan.
    3 Mohli by ho vyhodit z práce. He could .
    9 Vzali ho na vysokou. He to college.

    I'm flattered. ˈflætəd nebo též I feel flattered. je česky Jsem polichocen.

    Exercise 14

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu tvary slovesa do nebo make.

    1 Have you your homework?
    12 I only have 20 dollars. Will it ?
    11 He a lot of money last year.
    13 This dress me look fat.
    7 They a lot of damage when they broke in.
    5 I'm running late. I won't it in time.
    3 Stop fun of me!
    15 it sense to you?
    8 I need to a phone call.
    9 These photos me want to go on holiday.
    6 We can't without their help.
    14 He it to her angry.
    2 I've a big mistake.
    10 Please your best. It's very important.
    4 How did you at school? Were you a good student?

    Exercise 15

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    • Doplňte odpovědi pomocí slovesa z otázky.

    1 Where did you go on holiday? - We to the seaside.
    4 When did they send it? - They it last night.
    7 Did you buy any wine? - No, I only food.
    10 Did you write down his name? - No, I his number.
    3 Did you get my message? - No, I no message.
    5 How long did you spend there? - We a week there.
    9 How did you feel when you found out? - I really bad.
    6 How many times did you try it? - I it at least five times.
    8 Did you understand him? - I only a few words.
    2 When did he lose his job? - He his job last year.

    Exercise 16

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    • Doplňte správnou předložku.

    5 It's too hot inside. I'll wait the pub.
    2 We'll meet the airport.
    8 She used to work a teacher.
    7 I'm tired listening to them. I'm leaving.
    10 It was a secret meeting. They met closed doors.
    6 I got it Christmas a friend of mine.
    4 It's very hot. The temperature is 30 degrees.
    12 We'are all very sorry her death.
    9 It looks you are having a great time.
    3 I'm leaving Paris tomorrow.
    1 Have you ever been the USA?
    11 It's not for kids. You must be 18 years old to buy it.

    Spojení feel sorry for se užívá, když někoho litujete, be sorry for hlavně při omluvě za svůj čin ap., ale be sorry about se užije o situaci či něčem, co nastalo. Např.: I felt sorry for him. - Bylo mi ho líto., I'm sorry for disturbing you. - Promiňte, že vás ruším. ALE I'm sorry about that. - To mě mrzí. Sorry se může vázat i s infinitivem. Např.: We're sorry to inform you ... - S politováním vám oznamujeme...

    Exercise 17

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    • Napište věty, které uslyšíte. Neužívejte stažené tvary. (Pište celými slovy.)

    6
    8
    1
    3
    5
    9
    10
    2
    4
    7

    Exercise 18

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    • Spojte výroky, které mají opačný význam.

    • 1 He's jobless.
    • 2 He made her angry.
    • 3 He's in good health.
    • 4 I'm enjoying it.
    • 5 He died there.
    • 6 I don't care about her.
    • 7 I have two siblings.
    • 8 I'm really hungry.
    • a He's seriously ill.
    • h He was born there.
    • b I'm tired of it.
    • e He's employed.
    • c I've eaten.
    • d I'm an only child.
    • g I'm crazy about her.
    • f He calmed her down.

    Exercise 19

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    • Doplňte větu posunutou do minulého času s užitím časové souslednosti.

    8 He says he was there. - He said he there.
    10 I know what he's going to do. - I knew what he going to do.
    6 She says she'll help us. - She said she help us.
    5 I hope you'll come. - I hoped you come.
    1 I think she is there. - I thought she there.
    3 I'm sure they have it. - I was sure they it.
    7 I believe he forgot about it. - I believed he it.
    9 I don't know who did it. - I didn't know who it.
    4 I suppose you know that. - I supposed you that.
    2 I'm afraid they're lost. - I was afraid they lost.

    Exercise 20

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    • Přeložte. Použijte nápovědu.

    10 Zkus to ještě jednou.
    again; more
    3 Právě jsem to dodělal.
    just
    8 Co ještě bych měl udělat?
    else
    4 Už odešli.
    already
    9 Dám si ještě jedno pivo.
    more
    5 Neviděl jsem ho už měsíce.
    for months
    6 Ještě jsem to nečetl.
    yet
    2 Už jsi to poslal?
    yet
    7 To bude ještě dražší.
    even
    1 Díváme se právě na film.
    just

    Exercise 21

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    • Doplňte překlady pomocí frázových sloves.

    14 (Dávej) pozor! Watch !
    9 Vydržte chvilku. Hold a minute.
    13 Vyrazíme brzy ráno. We'll out early.
    8 Letadlo už odstartovalo. The plane has off.
    12 Došel mi benzín. I've out of petrol.
    4 Řekni mu, ať se uklidní. Tell him to down.
    7 Mám pustit televizi? Shall I on the TV?
    1 Už jsem zjistil, kolik to stojí. I've out how much it costs.
    11 Můžeme to odložit? Can we it off?
    2 Měl by nechat kouření. He should up smoking.
    5 Musím se přihlásit v hotelu. I must in at the hotel.
    3 Chtějí si užít (života). They want to it up.
    10 Čti dál. on reading.
    6 Ceny domů vzrostly o... House prices up by ...

    Frázové sloveso go for má několik významů. Jeden z nejběžnějších je vybrat si nebo rozhodnout se pro. Např.: I'd go for this one. - Já bych si vybral tento. Ve významu platit pro... se užívá go for stejně jako sloveso apply to əˈplaɪˌtuː. Např.: That goes for you too., That applies to you too. - To platí i pro tebe. ap.

    Jaywalking ˈdʒeɪˌwɔːkɪŋ je neukázněné přecházení silnice. Termín jaywalker ˈdʒeɪˌwɔːkə je neukázněný chodec (přecházející na červenou, mimo přechod ap.).

    Exercise 23

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    • Vyberte správné slovo podle výkladu.

    6 When you get well again after being ill, you have tired/recovered/fainted.
    1 When two people are not a couple any more, they break up/down/in.
    10 The part of a street used for walking is called the jaywalk/sidewalk/walker.
    11 When you've done something many times and you have no problem doing it, you are used to/addicted to/interested in it.
    5 To get a driving licence, you must first make/get/pass a driving test.
    8 When you give someone food, you say: Welcome/Cheers/Help yourself.
    3 When a meeting is to take place later, it is put out/away/off.
    4 If you want to eat healthily, you should get/avoid/order junk food.
    7 When someone takes your things away, you are broken/robbed/stolen.
    2 When you get divorced/married/bored you become a husband and wife.
    9 An old person who doesn't work anymore is wrapped/retired/admitted.

    Obrat to hail a taxi znamená zastavit si taxi (mávnutím). Podobně se užívá fráze wave down a taxi (wave weɪv - mávnout, zamávat).

    Exercise 24

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    • Doplňte překlady.

    11 Mám raději čaj než kávu. I tea to coffee.
    2 Doufejme, že to vyjde. Let's hope it'll off.
    13 Jeďte po této cestě. Go this road.
    8 Odjíždím v pátek ráno. I'm leaving Friday morning.
    10 Bude to stát spoustu peněz. It'll cost a of money.
    4 Mám (moc) rád italské jídlo. I'm of Italian food.
    1 Zamilovala se do něho. She in love with him.
    9 Byla okradena dvěma muži. She by two men.
    3 To zní zajímavě. That interesting.
    12 Vyzvednu tě na letišti. I'll you up at the airport.
    14 Ať neodchází! Don't him go!
    6 Zvykl jsem si na to. I used to it.
    7 Nejezdím po městě autem. I don't drive the city.
    5 Nechám to na vás. I'll it up to you.

    Ať v rozkazu lze také někdy přeložit pomocí obratu make sure (that) (ujisti se/zajisti, že...) Např.: Make sure you don't lose it. - Ať to neztratíš., Make sure he doesn't break it. - Ať to nerozbije. ap.

    Exercise 25

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    • Přeložte. Použijte nápovědu.

    6 Nechce se mi tam jít.
    feel like
    10 Rádi bychom si objednali.
    order
    3 Pokud vím, tak tady není.
    as far as
    11 Platím já! (pití ap.)
    buy
    1 Nevím, jak dlouho to potrvá.
    take
    2 Dám vám vědět co nejdřív.
    as soon as
    9 Změnil jsem názor.
    mind
    4 To je ale překvapení!
    surprise
    12 Neslyším vás.
    can
    8 To by bylo skvělé!
    great
    7 Nejsem z toho zrovna nadšený.
    crazy
    13 To nevadí.
    mind
    5 Co takhle si dát pivo?
    pint
    14 To rád slyším.
    glad

    Pozor na slovo frekventovaný při překladu do angličtiny! Ve významu častý je to frequent. Chcete-li ale říct, že je něco často navštěvované nebo je zde velký provoz, užije se frequented frɪˈkwεntɪd. Např.: frequented road - frekventovaná silnice.

    Exercise 26

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    • Přeložte.

    7 Nebudu moci přijít.
    8 Nesmíš to nikomu říct.
    17 Jak dlouho už tady čekáte?
    20 Hodně štěstí!
    1 Máte pravdu.
    9 Co ještě potřebujete?
    19 Všechno nejlepší k narozeninám!
    13 Nechám to na vás.
    2 Mám zpoždění.
    12 Ještě nepřišel.
    5 Nevěděl jsem o tom.
    16 Bydlím tady už deset let.
    4 Co se děje?
    10 Nemusíte platit.
    11 Musel jsem tam jít.
    18 Učím se anglicky už dva roky.
    6 Postarám se o to.
    3 Dlouho vás nezdržím.
    15 Nikdy jsem v Londýně nebyl.
    14 Kdybych to měl, dal bych ti to.

    Sidewalk je americký termín. V Británii pro chodník užívají pavement ˈpeɪvmənt! V americké angličtině je ale pavement zpevněná vozovka (asfaltovaný povrch ap.).

    Připoutat se (v autě ap.) se hlavně v americké angličtině hovorově řekne buckle up ˈbʌkəlˌʌp. Např.: Buckle up! - Připoutej(te) se!

    Pozor! Slovo police se v angličtině chová jako podstatné jméno v množném čísle, tedy: The police are ..., The police have ... ap.! Např. The police are after him. - Jde po něm policie., Police say that ... - Policie říká, že...