Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Přeložte.

    5 He has no sense of humour.
    11 I'll do my best.
    17 I'm looking forward to that.
    13 Have we met (before)?
    12 I'd love to, but I can't.
    3 It's getting worse.
    1 How've you been?
    18 I've been taking driving lessons.
    6 It made him angry.
    10 Can you give me a lift?
    8 He's to come too.
    16 I'll do it asap.
    19 I was fined for speeding.
    2 I don't get it.
    14 We had the house built.
    15 Have you done it yet?
    4 They differ in many ways.
    7 He's known her for years.
    9 What was I supposed to do?

    Speeding spiːdɪŋ je překročení povolené rychlosti (speed - rychlost). Speeding ticket je pokuta za rychlost. Např.: He got a speeding ticket. - Dostal pokutu za rychlost.

    Exercise 2

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    • Poslechněte si nahrávku a určete, zda je tvrzení pravdivé (true), nebo nepravdivé (false).

    5 New Yorkers are known to walk a lot around the city.
    1 Bob was fined 400 dollars for driving too fast.
    7 Some 5 million people travel on the tube every day in London.
    6 Both the British and Americans like to use trains.
    3 They usually don't leave a tip in British pubs.
    4 Americans mostly buy cars made in the US.
    8 The number of yellow cabs in New York is about 13.5 thousand.
    2 John had an accident, but it wasn't his fault.

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte odpovídající výroky.

    • 1 I'll keep it on.
    • 2 I won't keep you long.
    • 3 He broke up with her.
    • 4 I'll find out.
    • 5 He made it up.
    • 6 I'll catch up with you.
    • 7 He's missing her.
    • 8 He was fired.
    • g Zjistím to.
    • b Doženu vás.
    • c Dostal vyhazov.
    • e Nechám si to na sobě.
    • a Chybí mu.
    • f Vymyslel si to.
    • d Rozešel se s ní.
    • g Nezdržím tě dlouho.

    Exercise 4

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    4 He wasn't supposed to know. You couldn't/shouldn't/wouldn't have told him.
    7 Come out/on/at. Hurry up! We'll be late.
    2 How long will it ask/take/keep to get there? - About an hour.
    1 Most from/of/in them didn't know.
    6 Could you take/get/pick me up at the airport tomorrow?
    5 Did you get my e-mail? - Yes, but I haven't red/read/readed it yet.
    8 They took in/off/out a loan to buy a car.
    9 I'm sorry of/at/about that. I did it by/on/of mistake.
    10 I usually go in/in/by car, but we met in/at/on the bus.
    3 Jane and Bob prepared it himself/themselves/ourselves.

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte členy, some nebo any, kde třeba.

    10 USA and Canada are almost same size.
    13 Take meat out of bag and put it in fridge.
    3 Can you lend me money? - I don't have money.
    2 Are there other ways? I can't think of .
    6 Can you give me hand? - I don't have time for that.
    9 Would you like more cake? - Yes. I haven't had yet.
    14 I had busy day at work. I'm going to bed.
    1 Is there place where we could have dinner?
    4 I bought new car. - What did you do with old one?
    5 Have wine! - Thanks, I don't drink alcohol.
    12 He's American who makes lot of money.
    7 I had accident when driving to work this morning.
    11 A boy from US met girl from Europe.
    8 I saw it on TV yesterday when I was watching news.

    Exercise 6

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    • Doplňte překlady vět.

    7 Kolikrát jsi to už viděl? How many have you seen it?
    3 Je mi to jedno. I don't (about it).
    6 Kolik peněz tam je? How money is there?
    8 Pokud vím... As as I know ...
    13 Bude to hotovo do pátku. It'll be finished Friday.
    12 Počkám, až přijde. I'll wait him to come.
    9 Neměl bys mu o tom říkat. You tell him.
    14 Co tím myslíte? What do you by that?
    5 Doufám, že ne. I hope .
    10 Lepší by bylo počkat. It better to wait.
    4 Budete muset počkat. You'll wait.
    1 Chystám se k odchodu. I'm to leave.
    11 To jídlo se může zkazit. The food may bad.
    2 Byli jsme okradeni. We were .

    Exercise 7

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    • Spojte související výroky.

    • 1 He had a house built ...
    • 2 I'll tell her about it ...
    • 3 I've been learning English ...
    • 4 I tried to call him ...
    • 5 We had to wait ...
    • 6 I'm really sorry about ...
    • 7 I had a car accident ...
    • 8 He was fined 500 dollars ...
    • d but it wasn't my fault.
    • e but he isn't answering the phone.
    • g until they came back.
    • b what happened to her.
    • a for about two years now.
    • h although she shouldn't know.
    • f which made him angry.
    • c but he sold it soon after.

    Exercise 8

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    5 Are you hungry? - Not right/really/hardly. But I'm thirsty.
    6 I'm feeling unwell. I'll have to see/meet/reach a doctor.
    9 There will be no meeting. It was called out/away/off.
    8 I'm in a hurry. I must catch/reach/have the bus.
    3 He's a year younger, but he's a head longer/taller/higher than me.
    2 What's up, man? Long time no sea/see/say. How've you been?
    12 I met her in/on/at the bus although I usually go on/in/by car.
    1 Are you looking forward to it? - Yes, I can't stay/afford/wait to see it.
    10 I sent it at/to/in his e-mail address at/on/by accident.
    11 I came at/across/about an interesting article.
    7 Don't give up. You must stay/keep/last trying.
    4 I'm trying! - I know but you must try stronger/harder/heavier!
    13 We didn't meet on/at/by chance. We agreed to meet/meeting/met.

    Předložka by také znamená kolem, vedle (o pohybu). Např.: A police car went by. - Kolem projelo policejní auto. Stop by je hovorově stavit se (za někým).

    Exercise 9

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    • Doplňte druhou větu tak, aby měla opačný význam.

    1 I have to work tomorrow. - I'm taking a day tomorrow.
    14 What time do you go to bed? - What time do you up?
    6 You can get there by car. - You have to there.
    3 She needn't know about it. - She know about it.
    11 It's getting better. - It's getting .
    10 I like both beer and wine. - I like beer wine.
    12 She calmed him down. - She made him .
    15 He does hardly any work. - He works really .
    9 It cost at least 300. - It cost at 300.
    5 You must take off your glasses. - You must put your glasses.
    7 The computer is still on. - The computer is .
    2 He's found a job. - He was .
    8 Don't bring him with you. - Feel to bring him with you.
    4 I threw it away. - I it.
    13 They helped me do it. - I did it .

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte správné tvary slovesa v nápovědě.

    9 I give it to him and I think he keep it.
    7 They meet years ago and become friends.
    1 Where be you last night?
    3 I've bring some wine.
    6 She was hit by a car.
    4 He's speak to her.
    10 He be here a moment ago and he leave a message for you.
    2 I haven't see you for ages!
    5 The house was sell for 20.000.
    8 He have an accident and was take to hospital.

    Slovo left znamená též zbylý. Užívá se hlavně ve spojení be left - zbýt, zbývat. Např.: There's nothing left. - Nic nezbylo., I don't have much money left. - Už mi nezbývá moc peněz. ap.

    Exercise 11

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    • Doplňte správnou předložku.

    4 He'll be back ten minutes. You can wait him.
    1 Only one 20 Americans don't have a car.
    7 Who'll be looking the kids when she's gone?
    10 What disease did he die ? It's not known.
    5 We'll meet Christmas Eve at 7 p.m. my place.
    12 Thank you so much. It's so nice you.
    3 I'm too tired. I can't go .
    2 I'll see you Monday 4 p.m.
    9 Look these two. Is there any difference them?
    8 They spend all their money food and clothes.
    11 Do you have it you? - No, I left it work.
    6 Don't worry that. I'll take care it.

    Američané často jako výraz díků říkají: I appreciate it. - Vážím si toho., Oceňuji to. (appreciate əˈpriːʃɪˌeɪt - oceňovat, vážit si)

    Exercise 12

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    • Utvořte otázky. Ptejte se na zvýrazněná slova.

    9 He drank five beers.
    2 I've been waiting for an hour.
    6 I've known her for 2 years.
    7 It cost me over 500 dollars.
    10 I've been learning English for a year.
    5 We'll spend the weekend at the seaside.
    1 He left for work an hour ago.
    4 I told Bob and Jane about it.
    3 Nobody else knows about it.
    8 I haven't sent it yet.

    Exercise 13

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    • Doplňte překlady vět pomocí trpného rodu.

    6 Tato auta se vyrábí v Japonsku. These cars in Japan.
    11 Viděli ji, jak odchází. She leaving.
    3 Mohli by ho vyhodit z práce. He could .
    8 Článek napsala dívka. The article by a girl.
    9 Vzali ho na vysokou. He to college.
    1 Ukradli mu auto. His car .
    7 Toto slovo se často neužívá. This word often.
    4 Srazilo je nákladní auto. They by a truck.
    10 Ví se o něm, že je bohatý. He to be rich.
    12 Našli ji o týden později. She a week later.
    5 Postavili 3 nové domy. Three new houses .
    2 Bude povýšena. She'll .

    I'm flattered. ˈflætəd nebo též I feel flattered. je česky Jsem polichocen.

    Exercise 14

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu tvary slovesa do nebo make.

    10 Please your best. It's very important.
    6 We can't without their help.
    3 Stop fun of me!
    12 I only have 20 dollars. Will it ?
    14 He it to her angry.
    1 Have you your homework?
    11 He a lot of money last year.
    13 This dress me look fat.
    4 How did you at school? Were you a good student?
    7 They a lot of damage when they broke in.
    8 I need to a phone call.
    15 it sense to you?
    9 These photos me want to go on holiday.
    2 I've a big mistake.
    5 I'm running late. I won't it in time.

    Exercise 15

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    • Doplňte odpovědi pomocí slovesa z otázky.

    3 Did you get my message? - No, I no message.
    4 When did they send it? - They it last night.
    2 When did he lose his job? - He his job last year.
    7 Did you buy any wine? - No, I only food.
    9 How did you feel when you found out? - I really bad.
    1 Where did you go on holiday? - We to the seaside.
    5 How long did you spend there? - We a week there.
    10 Did you write down his name? - No, I his number.
    8 Did you understand him? - I only a few words.
    6 How many times did you try it? - I it at least five times.

    Exercise 16

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    • Doplňte správnou předložku.

    1 Have you ever been the USA?
    2 We'll meet the airport.
    11 It's not for kids. You must be 18 years old to buy it.
    5 It's too hot inside. I'll wait the pub.
    12 We'are all very sorry her death.
    7 I'm tired listening to them. I'm leaving.
    9 It looks you are having a great time.
    8 She used to work a teacher.
    3 I'm leaving Paris tomorrow.
    4 It's very hot. The temperature is 30 degrees.
    6 I got it Christmas a friend of mine.
    10 It was a secret meeting. They met closed doors.

    Spojení feel sorry for se užívá, když někoho litujete, be sorry for hlavně při omluvě za svůj čin ap., ale be sorry about se užije o situaci či něčem, co nastalo. Např.: I felt sorry for him. - Bylo mi ho líto., I'm sorry for disturbing you. - Promiňte, že vás ruším. ALE I'm sorry about that. - To mě mrzí. Sorry se může vázat i s infinitivem. Např.: We're sorry to inform you ... - S politováním vám oznamujeme...

    Exercise 17

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    • Napište věty, které uslyšíte. Neužívejte stažené tvary. (Pište celými slovy.)

    7
    6
    1
    9
    5
    10
    3
    4
    2
    8

    Exercise 18

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    • Spojte výroky, které mají opačný význam.

    • 1 He's jobless.
    • 2 He made her angry.
    • 3 He's in good health.
    • 4 I'm enjoying it.
    • 5 He died there.
    • 6 I don't care about her.
    • 7 I have two siblings.
    • 8 I'm really hungry.
    • f He calmed her down.
    • b I'm tired of it.
    • e He's employed.
    • h He was born there.
    • c I've eaten.
    • d I'm an only child.
    • a He's seriously ill.
    • g I'm crazy about her.

    Exercise 19

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    • Doplňte větu posunutou do minulého času s užitím časové souslednosti.

    9 I don't know who did it. - I didn't know who it.
    10 I know what he's going to do. - I knew what he going to do.
    6 She says she'll help us. - She said she help us.
    1 I think she is there. - I thought she there.
    7 I believe he forgot about it. - I believed he it.
    4 I suppose you know that. - I supposed you that.
    2 I'm afraid they're lost. - I was afraid they lost.
    8 He says he was there. - He said he there.
    3 I'm sure they have it. - I was sure they it.
    5 I hope you'll come. - I hoped you come.

    Exercise 20

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    • Přeložte. Použijte nápovědu.

    10 Zkus to ještě jednou.
    again; more
    5 Neviděl jsem ho už měsíce.
    for months
    7 To bude ještě dražší.
    even
    4 Už odešli.
    already
    6 Ještě jsem to nečetl.
    yet
    8 Co ještě bych měl udělat?
    else
    9 Dám si ještě jedno pivo.
    more
    2 Už jsi to poslal?
    yet
    3 Právě jsem to dodělal.
    just
    1 Díváme se právě na film.
    just

    Exercise 21

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    • Doplňte překlady pomocí frázových sloves.

    14 (Dávej) pozor! Watch !
    11 Můžeme to odložit? Can we it off?
    9 Vydržte chvilku. Hold a minute.
    8 Letadlo už odstartovalo. The plane has off.
    1 Už jsem zjistil, kolik to stojí. I've out how much it costs.
    10 Čti dál. on reading.
    13 Vyrazíme brzy ráno. We'll out early.
    2 Měl by nechat kouření. He should up smoking.
    6 Ceny domů vzrostly o... House prices up by ...
    12 Došel mi benzín. I've out of petrol.
    7 Mám pustit televizi? Shall I on the TV?
    5 Musím se přihlásit v hotelu. I must in at the hotel.
    4 Řekni mu, ať se uklidní. Tell him to down.
    3 Chtějí si užít (života). They want to it up.

    Frázové sloveso go for má několik významů. Jeden z nejběžnějších je vybrat si nebo rozhodnout se pro. Např.: I'd go for this one. - Já bych si vybral tento. Ve významu platit pro... se užívá go for stejně jako sloveso apply to əˈplaɪˌtuː. Např.: That goes for you too., That applies to you too. - To platí i pro tebe. ap.

    Jaywalking ˈdʒeɪˌwɔːkɪŋ je neukázněné přecházení silnice. Termín jaywalker ˈdʒeɪˌwɔːkə je neukázněný chodec (přecházející na červenou, mimo přechod ap.).

    Exercise 23

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    • Vyberte správné slovo podle výkladu.

    4 If you want to eat healthily, you should get/avoid/order junk food.
    9 An old person who doesn't work anymore is wrapped/retired/admitted.
    3 When a meeting is to take place later, it is put out/away/off.
    2 When you get divorced/married/bored you become a husband and wife.
    8 When you give someone food, you say: Welcome/Cheers/Help yourself.
    6 When you get well again after being ill, you have tired/recovered/fainted.
    10 The part of a street used for walking is called the jaywalk/sidewalk/walker.
    1 When two people are not a couple any more, they break up/down/in.
    7 When someone takes your things away, you are broken/robbed/stolen.
    11 When you've done something many times and you have no problem doing it, you are used to/addicted to/interested in it.
    5 To get a driving licence, you must first make/get/pass a driving test.

    Obrat to hail a taxi znamená zastavit si taxi (mávnutím). Podobně se užívá fráze wave down a taxi (wave weɪv - mávnout, zamávat).

    Exercise 24

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    • Doplňte překlady.

    12 Vyzvednu tě na letišti. I'll you up at the airport.
    5 Nechám to na vás. I'll it up to you.
    3 To zní zajímavě. That interesting.
    1 Zamilovala se do něho. She in love with him.
    14 Ať neodchází! Don't him go!
    9 Byla okradena dvěma muži. She by two men.
    4 Mám (moc) rád italské jídlo. I'm of Italian food.
    11 Mám raději čaj než kávu. I tea to coffee.
    2 Doufejme, že to vyjde. Let's hope it'll off.
    6 Zvykl jsem si na to. I used to it.
    7 Nejezdím po městě autem. I don't drive the city.
    10 Bude to stát spoustu peněz. It'll cost a of money.
    8 Odjíždím v pátek ráno. I'm leaving Friday morning.
    13 Jeďte po této cestě. Go this road.

    Ať v rozkazu lze také někdy přeložit pomocí obratu make sure (that) (ujisti se/zajisti, že...) Např.: Make sure you don't lose it. - Ať to neztratíš., Make sure he doesn't break it. - Ať to nerozbije. ap.

    Exercise 25

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    • Přeložte. Použijte nápovědu.

    3 Pokud vím, tak tady není.
    as far as
    14 To rád slyším.
    glad
    9 Změnil jsem názor.
    mind
    2 Dám vám vědět co nejdřív.
    as soon as
    6 Nechce se mi tam jít.
    feel like
    4 To je ale překvapení!
    surprise
    10 Rádi bychom si objednali.
    order
    1 Nevím, jak dlouho to potrvá.
    take
    13 To nevadí.
    mind
    5 Co takhle si dát pivo?
    pint
    12 Neslyším vás.
    can
    8 To by bylo skvělé!
    great
    7 Nejsem z toho zrovna nadšený.
    crazy
    11 Platím já! (pití ap.)
    buy

    Pozor na slovo frekventovaný při překladu do angličtiny! Ve významu častý je to frequent. Chcete-li ale říct, že je něco často navštěvované nebo je zde velký provoz, užije se frequented frɪˈkwεntɪd. Např.: frequented road - frekventovaná silnice.

    Exercise 26

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    • Přeložte.

    10 Nemusíte platit.
    4 Co se děje?
    3 Dlouho vás nezdržím.
    7 Nebudu moci přijít.
    9 Co ještě potřebujete?
    1 Máte pravdu.
    16 Bydlím tady už deset let.
    19 Všechno nejlepší k narozeninám!
    12 Ještě nepřišel.
    20 Hodně štěstí!
    2 Mám zpoždění.
    6 Postarám se o to.
    11 Musel jsem tam jít.
    15 Nikdy jsem v Londýně nebyl.
    13 Nechám to na vás.
    18 Učím se anglicky už dva roky.
    14 Kdybych to měl, dal bych ti to.
    17 Jak dlouho už tady čekáte?
    8 Nesmíš to nikomu říct.
    5 Nevěděl jsem o tom.

    Sidewalk je americký termín. V Británii pro chodník užívají pavement ˈpeɪvmənt! V americké angličtině je ale pavement zpevněná vozovka (asfaltovaný povrch ap.).

    Připoutat se (v autě ap.) se hlavně v americké angličtině hovorově řekne buckle up ˈbʌkəlˌʌp. Např.: Buckle up! - Připoutej(te) se!

    Pozor! Slovo police se v angličtině chová jako podstatné jméno v množném čísle, tedy: The police are ..., The police have ... ap.! Např. The police are after him. - Jde po něm policie., Police say that ... - Policie říká, že...