Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Přeložte.

    18 I've been taking driving lessons.
    3 It's getting worse.
    9 What was I supposed to do?
    4 They differ in many ways.
    16 I'll do it asap.
    17 I'm looking forward to that.
    10 Can you give me a lift?
    14 We had the house built.
    11 I'll do my best.
    15 Have you done it yet?
    2 I don't get it.
    8 He's to come too.
    13 Have we met (before)?
    1 How've you been?
    7 He's known her for years.
    5 He has no sense of humour.
    19 I was fined for speeding.
    6 It made him angry.
    12 I'd love to, but I can't.

    Speeding spiːdɪŋ je překročení povolené rychlosti (speed - rychlost). Speeding ticket je pokuta za rychlost. Např.: He got a speeding ticket. - Dostal pokutu za rychlost.

    Exercise 2

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    • Poslechněte si nahrávku a určete, zda je tvrzení pravdivé (true), nebo nepravdivé (false).

    1 Bob was fined 400 dollars for driving too fast.
    5 New Yorkers are known to walk a lot around the city.
    4 Americans mostly buy cars made in the US.
    6 Both the British and Americans like to use trains.
    3 They usually don't leave a tip in British pubs.
    2 John had an accident, but it wasn't his fault.
    7 Some 5 million people travel on the tube every day in London.
    8 The number of yellow cabs in New York is about 13.5 thousand.

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte odpovídající výroky.

    • 1 I'll keep it on.
    • 2 I won't keep you long.
    • 3 He broke up with her.
    • 4 I'll find out.
    • 5 He made it up.
    • 6 I'll catch up with you.
    • 7 He's missing her.
    • 8 He was fired.
    • f Vymyslel si to.
    • d Rozešel se s ní.
    • a Chybí mu.
    • g Zjistím to.
    • e Nechám si to na sobě.
    • b Doženu vás.
    • g Nezdržím tě dlouho.
    • c Dostal vyhazov.

    Exercise 4

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    9 I'm sorry of/at/about that. I did it by/on/of mistake.
    3 Jane and Bob prepared it himself/themselves/ourselves.
    5 Did you get my e-mail? - Yes, but I haven't red/read/readed it yet.
    1 Most from/of/in them didn't know.
    6 Could you take/get/pick me up at the airport tomorrow?
    4 He wasn't supposed to know. You couldn't/shouldn't/wouldn't have told him.
    2 How long will it ask/take/keep to get there? - About an hour.
    10 I usually go in/in/by car, but we met in/at/on the bus.
    7 Come out/on/at. Hurry up! We'll be late.
    8 They took in/off/out a loan to buy a car.

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte členy, some nebo any, kde třeba.

    13 Take meat out of bag and put it in fridge.
    7 I had accident when driving to work this morning.
    9 Would you like more cake? - Yes. I haven't had yet.
    1 Is there place where we could have dinner?
    10 USA and Canada are almost same size.
    8 I saw it on TV yesterday when I was watching news.
    6 Can you give me hand? - I don't have time for that.
    4 I bought new car. - What did you do with old one?
    3 Can you lend me money? - I don't have money.
    11 A boy from US met girl from Europe.
    14 I had busy day at work. I'm going to bed.
    5 Have wine! - Thanks, I don't drink alcohol.
    12 He's American who makes lot of money.
    2 Are there other ways? I can't think of .

    Exercise 6

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    • Doplňte překlady vět.

    4 Budete muset počkat. You'll wait.
    1 Chystám se k odchodu. I'm to leave.
    7 Kolikrát jsi to už viděl? How many have you seen it?
    8 Pokud vím... As as I know ...
    2 Byli jsme okradeni. We were .
    5 Doufám, že ne. I hope .
    9 Neměl bys mu o tom říkat. You tell him.
    10 Lepší by bylo počkat. It better to wait.
    11 To jídlo se může zkazit. The food may bad.
    12 Počkám, až přijde. I'll wait him to come.
    6 Kolik peněz tam je? How money is there?
    13 Bude to hotovo do pátku. It'll be finished Friday.
    3 Je mi to jedno. I don't (about it).
    14 Co tím myslíte? What do you by that?

    Exercise 7

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    • Spojte související výroky.

    • 1 He had a house built ...
    • 2 I'll tell her about it ...
    • 3 I've been learning English ...
    • 4 I tried to call him ...
    • 5 We had to wait ...
    • 6 I'm really sorry about ...
    • 7 I had a car accident ...
    • 8 He was fined 500 dollars ...
    • c but he sold it soon after.
    • a for about two years now.
    • h although she shouldn't know.
    • e but he isn't answering the phone.
    • d but it wasn't my fault.
    • b what happened to her.
    • g until they came back.
    • f which made him angry.

    Exercise 8

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    9 There will be no meeting. It was called out/away/off.
    2 What's up, man? Long time no sea/see/say. How've you been?
    10 I sent it at/to/in his e-mail address at/on/by accident.
    4 I'm trying! - I know but you must try stronger/harder/heavier!
    8 I'm in a hurry. I must catch/reach/have the bus.
    6 I'm feeling unwell. I'll have to see/meet/reach a doctor.
    3 He's a year younger, but he's a head longer/taller/higher than me.
    5 Are you hungry? - Not right/really/hardly. But I'm thirsty.
    1 Are you looking forward to it? - Yes, I can't stay/afford/wait to see it.
    7 Don't give up. You must stay/keep/last trying.
    11 I came at/across/about an interesting article.
    12 I met her in/on/at the bus although I usually go on/in/by car.
    13 We didn't meet on/at/by chance. We agreed to meet/meeting/met.

    Předložka by také znamená kolem, vedle (o pohybu). Např.: A police car went by. - Kolem projelo policejní auto. Stop by je hovorově stavit se (za někým).

    Exercise 9

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    • Doplňte druhou větu tak, aby měla opačný význam.

    14 What time do you go to bed? - What time do you up?
    4 I threw it away. - I it.
    3 She needn't know about it. - She know about it.
    13 They helped me do it. - I did it .
    15 He does hardly any work. - He works really .
    9 It cost at least 300. - It cost at 300.
    5 You must take off your glasses. - You must put your glasses.
    6 You can get there by car. - You have to there.
    11 It's getting better. - It's getting .
    12 She calmed him down. - She made him .
    7 The computer is still on. - The computer is .
    1 I have to work tomorrow. - I'm taking a day tomorrow.
    10 I like both beer and wine. - I like beer wine.
    2 He's found a job. - He was .
    8 Don't bring him with you. - Feel to bring him with you.

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte správné tvary slovesa v nápovědě.

    4 He's speak to her.
    2 I haven't see you for ages!
    7 They meet years ago and become friends.
    3 I've bring some wine.
    6 She was hit by a car.
    1 Where be you last night?
    9 I give it to him and I think he keep it.
    5 The house was sell for 20.000.
    8 He have an accident and was take to hospital.
    10 He be here a moment ago and he leave a message for you.

    Slovo left znamená též zbylý. Užívá se hlavně ve spojení be left - zbýt, zbývat. Např.: There's nothing left. - Nic nezbylo., I don't have much money left. - Už mi nezbývá moc peněz. ap.

    Exercise 11

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    • Doplňte správnou předložku.

    12 Thank you so much. It's so nice you.
    2 I'll see you Monday 4 p.m.
    9 Look these two. Is there any difference them?
    10 What disease did he die ? It's not known.
    4 He'll be back ten minutes. You can wait him.
    1 Only one 20 Americans don't have a car.
    5 We'll meet Christmas Eve at 7 p.m. my place.
    11 Do you have it you? - No, I left it work.
    6 Don't worry that. I'll take care it.
    3 I'm too tired. I can't go .
    7 Who'll be looking the kids when she's gone?
    8 They spend all their money food and clothes.

    Američané často jako výraz díků říkají: I appreciate it. - Vážím si toho., Oceňuji to. (appreciate əˈpriːʃɪˌeɪt - oceňovat, vážit si)

    Exercise 12

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    • Utvořte otázky. Ptejte se na zvýrazněná slova.

    8 I haven't sent it yet.
    2 I've been waiting for an hour.
    1 He left for work an hour ago.
    10 I've been learning English for a year.
    3 Nobody else knows about it.
    7 It cost me over 500 dollars.
    4 I told Bob and Jane about it.
    5 We'll spend the weekend at the seaside.
    9 He drank five beers.
    6 I've known her for 2 years.

    Exercise 13

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    • Doplňte překlady vět pomocí trpného rodu.

    9 Vzali ho na vysokou. He to college.
    8 Článek napsala dívka. The article by a girl.
    10 Ví se o něm, že je bohatý. He to be rich.
    1 Ukradli mu auto. His car .
    11 Viděli ji, jak odchází. She leaving.
    7 Toto slovo se často neužívá. This word often.
    4 Srazilo je nákladní auto. They by a truck.
    2 Bude povýšena. She'll .
    6 Tato auta se vyrábí v Japonsku. These cars in Japan.
    12 Našli ji o týden později. She a week later.
    5 Postavili 3 nové domy. Three new houses .
    3 Mohli by ho vyhodit z práce. He could .

    I'm flattered. ˈflætəd nebo též I feel flattered. je česky Jsem polichocen.

    Exercise 14

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu tvary slovesa do nebo make.

    3 Stop fun of me!
    13 This dress me look fat.
    8 I need to a phone call.
    1 Have you your homework?
    4 How did you at school? Were you a good student?
    7 They a lot of damage when they broke in.
    5 I'm running late. I won't it in time.
    15 it sense to you?
    14 He it to her angry.
    9 These photos me want to go on holiday.
    12 I only have 20 dollars. Will it ?
    10 Please your best. It's very important.
    2 I've a big mistake.
    11 He a lot of money last year.
    6 We can't without their help.

    Exercise 15

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    • Doplňte odpovědi pomocí slovesa z otázky.

    2 When did he lose his job? - He his job last year.
    7 Did you buy any wine? - No, I only food.
    10 Did you write down his name? - No, I his number.
    3 Did you get my message? - No, I no message.
    5 How long did you spend there? - We a week there.
    1 Where did you go on holiday? - We to the seaside.
    6 How many times did you try it? - I it at least five times.
    9 How did you feel when you found out? - I really bad.
    8 Did you understand him? - I only a few words.
    4 When did they send it? - They it last night.

    Exercise 16

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    • Doplňte správnou předložku.

    7 I'm tired listening to them. I'm leaving.
    8 She used to work a teacher.
    1 Have you ever been the USA?
    9 It looks you are having a great time.
    2 We'll meet the airport.
    3 I'm leaving Paris tomorrow.
    12 We'are all very sorry her death.
    10 It was a secret meeting. They met closed doors.
    4 It's very hot. The temperature is 30 degrees.
    11 It's not for kids. You must be 18 years old to buy it.
    5 It's too hot inside. I'll wait the pub.
    6 I got it Christmas a friend of mine.

    Spojení feel sorry for se užívá, když někoho litujete, be sorry for hlavně při omluvě za svůj čin ap., ale be sorry about se užije o situaci či něčem, co nastalo. Např.: I felt sorry for him. - Bylo mi ho líto., I'm sorry for disturbing you. - Promiňte, že vás ruším. ALE I'm sorry about that. - To mě mrzí. Sorry se může vázat i s infinitivem. Např.: We're sorry to inform you ... - S politováním vám oznamujeme...

    Exercise 17

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    • Napište věty, které uslyšíte. Neužívejte stažené tvary. (Pište celými slovy.)

    2
    5
    6
    3
    4
    7
    9
    10
    1
    8

    Exercise 18

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    • Spojte výroky, které mají opačný význam.

    • 1 He's jobless.
    • 2 He made her angry.
    • 3 He's in good health.
    • 4 I'm enjoying it.
    • 5 He died there.
    • 6 I don't care about her.
    • 7 I have two siblings.
    • 8 I'm really hungry.
    • b I'm tired of it.
    • e He's employed.
    • d I'm an only child.
    • f He calmed her down.
    • g I'm crazy about her.
    • c I've eaten.
    • a He's seriously ill.
    • h He was born there.

    Exercise 19

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    • Doplňte větu posunutou do minulého času s užitím časové souslednosti.

    7 I believe he forgot about it. - I believed he it.
    4 I suppose you know that. - I supposed you that.
    8 He says he was there. - He said he there.
    6 She says she'll help us. - She said she help us.
    3 I'm sure they have it. - I was sure they it.
    9 I don't know who did it. - I didn't know who it.
    10 I know what he's going to do. - I knew what he going to do.
    2 I'm afraid they're lost. - I was afraid they lost.
    1 I think she is there. - I thought she there.
    5 I hope you'll come. - I hoped you come.

    Exercise 20

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    • Přeložte. Použijte nápovědu.

    3 Právě jsem to dodělal.
    just
    2 Už jsi to poslal?
    yet
    10 Zkus to ještě jednou.
    again; more
    1 Díváme se právě na film.
    just
    8 Co ještě bych měl udělat?
    else
    4 Už odešli.
    already
    6 Ještě jsem to nečetl.
    yet
    5 Neviděl jsem ho už měsíce.
    for months
    7 To bude ještě dražší.
    even
    9 Dám si ještě jedno pivo.
    more

    Exercise 21

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    • Doplňte překlady pomocí frázových sloves.

    4 Řekni mu, ať se uklidní. Tell him to down.
    9 Vydržte chvilku. Hold a minute.
    1 Už jsem zjistil, kolik to stojí. I've out how much it costs.
    6 Ceny domů vzrostly o... House prices up by ...
    8 Letadlo už odstartovalo. The plane has off.
    11 Můžeme to odložit? Can we it off?
    13 Vyrazíme brzy ráno. We'll out early.
    14 (Dávej) pozor! Watch !
    3 Chtějí si užít (života). They want to it up.
    10 Čti dál. on reading.
    7 Mám pustit televizi? Shall I on the TV?
    5 Musím se přihlásit v hotelu. I must in at the hotel.
    2 Měl by nechat kouření. He should up smoking.
    12 Došel mi benzín. I've out of petrol.

    Frázové sloveso go for má několik významů. Jeden z nejběžnějších je vybrat si nebo rozhodnout se pro. Např.: I'd go for this one. - Já bych si vybral tento. Ve významu platit pro... se užívá go for stejně jako sloveso apply to əˈplaɪˌtuː. Např.: That goes for you too., That applies to you too. - To platí i pro tebe. ap.

    Jaywalking ˈdʒeɪˌwɔːkɪŋ je neukázněné přecházení silnice. Termín jaywalker ˈdʒeɪˌwɔːkə je neukázněný chodec (přecházející na červenou, mimo přechod ap.).

    Exercise 23

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    • Vyberte správné slovo podle výkladu.

    5 To get a driving licence, you must first make/get/pass a driving test.
    1 When two people are not a couple any more, they break up/down/in.
    9 An old person who doesn't work anymore is wrapped/retired/admitted.
    4 If you want to eat healthily, you should get/avoid/order junk food.
    10 The part of a street used for walking is called the jaywalk/sidewalk/walker.
    8 When you give someone food, you say: Welcome/Cheers/Help yourself.
    3 When a meeting is to take place later, it is put out/away/off.
    6 When you get well again after being ill, you have tired/recovered/fainted.
    2 When you get divorced/married/bored you become a husband and wife.
    7 When someone takes your things away, you are broken/robbed/stolen.
    11 When you've done something many times and you have no problem doing it, you are used to/addicted to/interested in it.

    Obrat to hail a taxi znamená zastavit si taxi (mávnutím). Podobně se užívá fráze wave down a taxi (wave weɪv - mávnout, zamávat).

    Exercise 24

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    • Doplňte překlady.

    2 Doufejme, že to vyjde. Let's hope it'll off.
    7 Nejezdím po městě autem. I don't drive the city.
    9 Byla okradena dvěma muži. She by two men.
    13 Jeďte po této cestě. Go this road.
    3 To zní zajímavě. That interesting.
    4 Mám (moc) rád italské jídlo. I'm of Italian food.
    1 Zamilovala se do něho. She in love with him.
    14 Ať neodchází! Don't him go!
    6 Zvykl jsem si na to. I used to it.
    10 Bude to stát spoustu peněz. It'll cost a of money.
    5 Nechám to na vás. I'll it up to you.
    8 Odjíždím v pátek ráno. I'm leaving Friday morning.
    12 Vyzvednu tě na letišti. I'll you up at the airport.
    11 Mám raději čaj než kávu. I tea to coffee.

    Ať v rozkazu lze také někdy přeložit pomocí obratu make sure (that) (ujisti se/zajisti, že...) Např.: Make sure you don't lose it. - Ať to neztratíš., Make sure he doesn't break it. - Ať to nerozbije. ap.

    Exercise 25

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    • Přeložte. Použijte nápovědu.

    4 To je ale překvapení!
    surprise
    10 Rádi bychom si objednali.
    order
    5 Co takhle si dát pivo?
    pint
    3 Pokud vím, tak tady není.
    as far as
    6 Nechce se mi tam jít.
    feel like
    9 Změnil jsem názor.
    mind
    11 Platím já! (pití ap.)
    buy
    1 Nevím, jak dlouho to potrvá.
    take
    2 Dám vám vědět co nejdřív.
    as soon as
    8 To by bylo skvělé!
    great
    12 Neslyším vás.
    can
    14 To rád slyším.
    glad
    7 Nejsem z toho zrovna nadšený.
    crazy
    13 To nevadí.
    mind

    Pozor na slovo frekventovaný při překladu do angličtiny! Ve významu častý je to frequent. Chcete-li ale říct, že je něco často navštěvované nebo je zde velký provoz, užije se frequented frɪˈkwεntɪd. Např.: frequented road - frekventovaná silnice.

    Exercise 26

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    • Přeložte.

    5 Nevěděl jsem o tom.
    11 Musel jsem tam jít.
    16 Bydlím tady už deset let.
    6 Postarám se o to.
    17 Jak dlouho už tady čekáte?
    2 Mám zpoždění.
    20 Hodně štěstí!
    4 Co se děje?
    8 Nesmíš to nikomu říct.
    18 Učím se anglicky už dva roky.
    10 Nemusíte platit.
    7 Nebudu moci přijít.
    9 Co ještě potřebujete?
    3 Dlouho vás nezdržím.
    12 Ještě nepřišel.
    15 Nikdy jsem v Londýně nebyl.
    1 Máte pravdu.
    14 Kdybych to měl, dal bych ti to.
    19 Všechno nejlepší k narozeninám!
    13 Nechám to na vás.

    Sidewalk je americký termín. V Británii pro chodník užívají pavement ˈpeɪvmənt! V americké angličtině je ale pavement zpevněná vozovka (asfaltovaný povrch ap.).

    Připoutat se (v autě ap.) se hlavně v americké angličtině hovorově řekne buckle up ˈbʌkəlˌʌp. Např.: Buckle up! - Připoutej(te) se!

    Pozor! Slovo police se v angličtině chová jako podstatné jméno v množném čísle, tedy: The police are ..., The police have ... ap.! Např. The police are after him. - Jde po něm policie., Police say that ... - Policie říká, že...