Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Přeložte.

    2 I don't get it.
    7 He's known her for years.
    6 It made him angry.
    9 What was I supposed to do?
    10 Can you give me a lift?
    19 I was fined for speeding.
    13 Have we met (before)?
    1 How've you been?
    3 It's getting worse.
    11 I'll do my best.
    12 I'd love to, but I can't.
    4 They differ in many ways.
    16 I'll do it asap.
    5 He has no sense of humour.
    17 I'm looking forward to that.
    14 We had the house built.
    18 I've been taking driving lessons.
    8 He's to come too.
    15 Have you done it yet?

    Speeding spiːdɪŋ je překročení povolené rychlosti (speed - rychlost). Speeding ticket je pokuta za rychlost. Např.: He got a speeding ticket. - Dostal pokutu za rychlost.

    Exercise 2

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    • Poslechněte si nahrávku a určete, zda je tvrzení pravdivé (true), nebo nepravdivé (false).

    5 New Yorkers are known to walk a lot around the city.
    2 John had an accident, but it wasn't his fault.
    3 They usually don't leave a tip in British pubs.
    8 The number of yellow cabs in New York is about 13.5 thousand.
    1 Bob was fined 400 dollars for driving too fast.
    7 Some 5 million people travel on the tube every day in London.
    4 Americans mostly buy cars made in the US.
    6 Both the British and Americans like to use trains.

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte odpovídající výroky.

    • 1 I'll keep it on.
    • 2 I won't keep you long.
    • 3 He broke up with her.
    • 4 I'll find out.
    • 5 He made it up.
    • 6 I'll catch up with you.
    • 7 He's missing her.
    • 8 He was fired.
    • d Rozešel se s ní.
    • g Nezdržím tě dlouho.
    • e Nechám si to na sobě.
    • a Chybí mu.
    • f Vymyslel si to.
    • b Doženu vás.
    • g Zjistím to.
    • c Dostal vyhazov.

    Exercise 4

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    5 Did you get my e-mail? - Yes, but I haven't red/read/readed it yet.
    7 Come out/on/at. Hurry up! We'll be late.
    2 How long will it ask/take/keep to get there? - About an hour.
    4 He wasn't supposed to know. You couldn't/shouldn't/wouldn't have told him.
    8 They took in/off/out a loan to buy a car.
    10 I usually go in/in/by car, but we met in/at/on the bus.
    6 Could you take/get/pick me up at the airport tomorrow?
    9 I'm sorry of/at/about that. I did it by/on/of mistake.
    3 Jane and Bob prepared it himself/themselves/ourselves.
    1 Most from/of/in them didn't know.

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte členy, some nebo any, kde třeba.

    6 Can you give me hand? - I don't have time for that.
    13 Take meat out of bag and put it in fridge.
    2 Are there other ways? I can't think of .
    10 USA and Canada are almost same size.
    11 A boy from US met girl from Europe.
    14 I had busy day at work. I'm going to bed.
    4 I bought new car. - What did you do with old one?
    3 Can you lend me money? - I don't have money.
    8 I saw it on TV yesterday when I was watching news.
    5 Have wine! - Thanks, I don't drink alcohol.
    7 I had accident when driving to work this morning.
    9 Would you like more cake? - Yes. I haven't had yet.
    12 He's American who makes lot of money.
    1 Is there place where we could have dinner?

    Exercise 6

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    • Doplňte překlady vět.

    12 Počkám, až přijde. I'll wait him to come.
    2 Byli jsme okradeni. We were .
    10 Lepší by bylo počkat. It better to wait.
    5 Doufám, že ne. I hope .
    6 Kolik peněz tam je? How money is there?
    9 Neměl bys mu o tom říkat. You tell him.
    13 Bude to hotovo do pátku. It'll be finished Friday.
    4 Budete muset počkat. You'll wait.
    8 Pokud vím... As as I know ...
    3 Je mi to jedno. I don't (about it).
    1 Chystám se k odchodu. I'm to leave.
    7 Kolikrát jsi to už viděl? How many have you seen it?
    14 Co tím myslíte? What do you by that?
    11 To jídlo se může zkazit. The food may bad.

    Exercise 7

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    • Spojte související výroky.

    • 1 He had a house built ...
    • 2 I'll tell her about it ...
    • 3 I've been learning English ...
    • 4 I tried to call him ...
    • 5 We had to wait ...
    • 6 I'm really sorry about ...
    • 7 I had a car accident ...
    • 8 He was fined 500 dollars ...
    • e but he isn't answering the phone.
    • a for about two years now.
    • f which made him angry.
    • h although she shouldn't know.
    • b what happened to her.
    • c but he sold it soon after.
    • d but it wasn't my fault.
    • g until they came back.

    Exercise 8

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    12 I met her in/on/at the bus although I usually go on/in/by car.
    6 I'm feeling unwell. I'll have to see/meet/reach a doctor.
    8 I'm in a hurry. I must catch/reach/have the bus.
    9 There will be no meeting. It was called out/away/off.
    7 Don't give up. You must stay/keep/last trying.
    5 Are you hungry? - Not right/really/hardly. But I'm thirsty.
    10 I sent it at/to/in his e-mail address at/on/by accident.
    11 I came at/across/about an interesting article.
    3 He's a year younger, but he's a head longer/taller/higher than me.
    13 We didn't meet on/at/by chance. We agreed to meet/meeting/met.
    1 Are you looking forward to it? - Yes, I can't stay/afford/wait to see it.
    2 What's up, man? Long time no sea/see/say. How've you been?
    4 I'm trying! - I know but you must try stronger/harder/heavier!

    Předložka by také znamená kolem, vedle (o pohybu). Např.: A police car went by. - Kolem projelo policejní auto. Stop by je hovorově stavit se (za někým).

    Exercise 9

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    • Doplňte druhou větu tak, aby měla opačný význam.

    14 What time do you go to bed? - What time do you up?
    2 He's found a job. - He was .
    13 They helped me do it. - I did it .
    5 You must take off your glasses. - You must put your glasses.
    9 It cost at least 300. - It cost at 300.
    7 The computer is still on. - The computer is .
    10 I like both beer and wine. - I like beer wine.
    12 She calmed him down. - She made him .
    6 You can get there by car. - You have to there.
    3 She needn't know about it. - She know about it.
    11 It's getting better. - It's getting .
    1 I have to work tomorrow. - I'm taking a day tomorrow.
    15 He does hardly any work. - He works really .
    8 Don't bring him with you. - Feel to bring him with you.
    4 I threw it away. - I it.

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte správné tvary slovesa v nápovědě.

    7 They meet years ago and become friends.
    10 He be here a moment ago and he leave a message for you.
    9 I give it to him and I think he keep it.
    4 He's speak to her.
    2 I haven't see you for ages!
    8 He have an accident and was take to hospital.
    5 The house was sell for 20.000.
    6 She was hit by a car.
    3 I've bring some wine.
    1 Where be you last night?

    Slovo left znamená též zbylý. Užívá se hlavně ve spojení be left - zbýt, zbývat. Např.: There's nothing left. - Nic nezbylo., I don't have much money left. - Už mi nezbývá moc peněz. ap.

    Exercise 11

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    • Doplňte správnou předložku.

    4 He'll be back ten minutes. You can wait him.
    11 Do you have it you? - No, I left it work.
    8 They spend all their money food and clothes.
    7 Who'll be looking the kids when she's gone?
    12 Thank you so much. It's so nice you.
    9 Look these two. Is there any difference them?
    3 I'm too tired. I can't go .
    10 What disease did he die ? It's not known.
    5 We'll meet Christmas Eve at 7 p.m. my place.
    1 Only one 20 Americans don't have a car.
    6 Don't worry that. I'll take care it.
    2 I'll see you Monday 4 p.m.

    Američané často jako výraz díků říkají: I appreciate it. - Vážím si toho., Oceňuji to. (appreciate əˈpriːʃɪˌeɪt - oceňovat, vážit si)

    Exercise 12

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    • Utvořte otázky. Ptejte se na zvýrazněná slova.

    8 I haven't sent it yet.
    2 I've been waiting for an hour.
    3 Nobody else knows about it.
    7 It cost me over 500 dollars.
    10 I've been learning English for a year.
    4 I told Bob and Jane about it.
    1 He left for work an hour ago.
    9 He drank five beers.
    5 We'll spend the weekend at the seaside.
    6 I've known her for 2 years.

    Exercise 13

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    • Doplňte překlady vět pomocí trpného rodu.

    3 Mohli by ho vyhodit z práce. He could .
    5 Postavili 3 nové domy. Three new houses .
    7 Toto slovo se často neužívá. This word often.
    1 Ukradli mu auto. His car .
    12 Našli ji o týden později. She a week later.
    10 Ví se o něm, že je bohatý. He to be rich.
    2 Bude povýšena. She'll .
    11 Viděli ji, jak odchází. She leaving.
    8 Článek napsala dívka. The article by a girl.
    4 Srazilo je nákladní auto. They by a truck.
    9 Vzali ho na vysokou. He to college.
    6 Tato auta se vyrábí v Japonsku. These cars in Japan.

    I'm flattered. ˈflætəd nebo též I feel flattered. je česky Jsem polichocen.

    Exercise 14

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu tvary slovesa do nebo make.

    14 He it to her angry.
    8 I need to a phone call.
    3 Stop fun of me!
    12 I only have 20 dollars. Will it ?
    4 How did you at school? Were you a good student?
    6 We can't without their help.
    15 it sense to you?
    1 Have you your homework?
    5 I'm running late. I won't it in time.
    7 They a lot of damage when they broke in.
    13 This dress me look fat.
    11 He a lot of money last year.
    9 These photos me want to go on holiday.
    10 Please your best. It's very important.
    2 I've a big mistake.

    Exercise 15

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    • Doplňte odpovědi pomocí slovesa z otázky.

    7 Did you buy any wine? - No, I only food.
    4 When did they send it? - They it last night.
    6 How many times did you try it? - I it at least five times.
    5 How long did you spend there? - We a week there.
    3 Did you get my message? - No, I no message.
    10 Did you write down his name? - No, I his number.
    1 Where did you go on holiday? - We to the seaside.
    8 Did you understand him? - I only a few words.
    9 How did you feel when you found out? - I really bad.
    2 When did he lose his job? - He his job last year.

    Exercise 16

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    • Doplňte správnou předložku.

    2 We'll meet the airport.
    3 I'm leaving Paris tomorrow.
    6 I got it Christmas a friend of mine.
    4 It's very hot. The temperature is 30 degrees.
    7 I'm tired listening to them. I'm leaving.
    1 Have you ever been the USA?
    8 She used to work a teacher.
    12 We'are all very sorry her death.
    5 It's too hot inside. I'll wait the pub.
    10 It was a secret meeting. They met closed doors.
    9 It looks you are having a great time.
    11 It's not for kids. You must be 18 years old to buy it.

    Spojení feel sorry for se užívá, když někoho litujete, be sorry for hlavně při omluvě za svůj čin ap., ale be sorry about se užije o situaci či něčem, co nastalo. Např.: I felt sorry for him. - Bylo mi ho líto., I'm sorry for disturbing you. - Promiňte, že vás ruším. ALE I'm sorry about that. - To mě mrzí. Sorry se může vázat i s infinitivem. Např.: We're sorry to inform you ... - S politováním vám oznamujeme...

    Exercise 17

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    • Napište věty, které uslyšíte. Neužívejte stažené tvary. (Pište celými slovy.)

    6
    5
    10
    1
    7
    4
    2
    3
    8
    9

    Exercise 18

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    • Spojte výroky, které mají opačný význam.

    • 1 He's jobless.
    • 2 He made her angry.
    • 3 He's in good health.
    • 4 I'm enjoying it.
    • 5 He died there.
    • 6 I don't care about her.
    • 7 I have two siblings.
    • 8 I'm really hungry.
    • f He calmed her down.
    • d I'm an only child.
    • c I've eaten.
    • e He's employed.
    • b I'm tired of it.
    • g I'm crazy about her.
    • a He's seriously ill.
    • h He was born there.

    Exercise 19

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    • Doplňte větu posunutou do minulého času s užitím časové souslednosti.

    7 I believe he forgot about it. - I believed he it.
    9 I don't know who did it. - I didn't know who it.
    10 I know what he's going to do. - I knew what he going to do.
    6 She says she'll help us. - She said she help us.
    4 I suppose you know that. - I supposed you that.
    8 He says he was there. - He said he there.
    2 I'm afraid they're lost. - I was afraid they lost.
    3 I'm sure they have it. - I was sure they it.
    1 I think she is there. - I thought she there.
    5 I hope you'll come. - I hoped you come.

    Exercise 20

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    • Přeložte. Použijte nápovědu.

    7 To bude ještě dražší.
    even
    8 Co ještě bych měl udělat?
    else
    5 Neviděl jsem ho už měsíce.
    for months
    10 Zkus to ještě jednou.
    again; more
    9 Dám si ještě jedno pivo.
    more
    3 Právě jsem to dodělal.
    just
    1 Díváme se právě na film.
    just
    2 Už jsi to poslal?
    yet
    4 Už odešli.
    already
    6 Ještě jsem to nečetl.
    yet

    Exercise 21

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    • Doplňte překlady pomocí frázových sloves.

    14 (Dávej) pozor! Watch !
    1 Už jsem zjistil, kolik to stojí. I've out how much it costs.
    2 Měl by nechat kouření. He should up smoking.
    11 Můžeme to odložit? Can we it off?
    9 Vydržte chvilku. Hold a minute.
    7 Mám pustit televizi? Shall I on the TV?
    6 Ceny domů vzrostly o... House prices up by ...
    12 Došel mi benzín. I've out of petrol.
    10 Čti dál. on reading.
    8 Letadlo už odstartovalo. The plane has off.
    5 Musím se přihlásit v hotelu. I must in at the hotel.
    4 Řekni mu, ať se uklidní. Tell him to down.
    3 Chtějí si užít (života). They want to it up.
    13 Vyrazíme brzy ráno. We'll out early.

    Frázové sloveso go for má několik významů. Jeden z nejběžnějších je vybrat si nebo rozhodnout se pro. Např.: I'd go for this one. - Já bych si vybral tento. Ve významu platit pro... se užívá go for stejně jako sloveso apply to əˈplaɪˌtuː. Např.: That goes for you too., That applies to you too. - To platí i pro tebe. ap.

    Jaywalking ˈdʒeɪˌwɔːkɪŋ je neukázněné přecházení silnice. Termín jaywalker ˈdʒeɪˌwɔːkə je neukázněný chodec (přecházející na červenou, mimo přechod ap.).

    Exercise 23

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    • Vyberte správné slovo podle výkladu.

    1 When two people are not a couple any more, they break up/down/in.
    7 When someone takes your things away, you are broken/robbed/stolen.
    2 When you get divorced/married/bored you become a husband and wife.
    4 If you want to eat healthily, you should get/avoid/order junk food.
    11 When you've done something many times and you have no problem doing it, you are used to/addicted to/interested in it.
    5 To get a driving licence, you must first make/get/pass a driving test.
    3 When a meeting is to take place later, it is put out/away/off.
    9 An old person who doesn't work anymore is wrapped/retired/admitted.
    8 When you give someone food, you say: Welcome/Cheers/Help yourself.
    10 The part of a street used for walking is called the jaywalk/sidewalk/walker.
    6 When you get well again after being ill, you have tired/recovered/fainted.

    Obrat to hail a taxi znamená zastavit si taxi (mávnutím). Podobně se užívá fráze wave down a taxi (wave weɪv - mávnout, zamávat).

    Exercise 24

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    • Doplňte překlady.

    11 Mám raději čaj než kávu. I tea to coffee.
    13 Jeďte po této cestě. Go this road.
    1 Zamilovala se do něho. She in love with him.
    6 Zvykl jsem si na to. I used to it.
    3 To zní zajímavě. That interesting.
    4 Mám (moc) rád italské jídlo. I'm of Italian food.
    2 Doufejme, že to vyjde. Let's hope it'll off.
    5 Nechám to na vás. I'll it up to you.
    10 Bude to stát spoustu peněz. It'll cost a of money.
    12 Vyzvednu tě na letišti. I'll you up at the airport.
    8 Odjíždím v pátek ráno. I'm leaving Friday morning.
    9 Byla okradena dvěma muži. She by two men.
    14 Ať neodchází! Don't him go!
    7 Nejezdím po městě autem. I don't drive the city.

    Ať v rozkazu lze také někdy přeložit pomocí obratu make sure (that) (ujisti se/zajisti, že...) Např.: Make sure you don't lose it. - Ať to neztratíš., Make sure he doesn't break it. - Ať to nerozbije. ap.

    Exercise 25

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    • Přeložte. Použijte nápovědu.

    6 Nechce se mi tam jít.
    feel like
    3 Pokud vím, tak tady není.
    as far as
    14 To rád slyším.
    glad
    9 Změnil jsem názor.
    mind
    4 To je ale překvapení!
    surprise
    2 Dám vám vědět co nejdřív.
    as soon as
    11 Platím já! (pití ap.)
    buy
    8 To by bylo skvělé!
    great
    5 Co takhle si dát pivo?
    pint
    12 Neslyším vás.
    can
    13 To nevadí.
    mind
    10 Rádi bychom si objednali.
    order
    7 Nejsem z toho zrovna nadšený.
    crazy
    1 Nevím, jak dlouho to potrvá.
    take

    Pozor na slovo frekventovaný při překladu do angličtiny! Ve významu častý je to frequent. Chcete-li ale říct, že je něco často navštěvované nebo je zde velký provoz, užije se frequented frɪˈkwεntɪd. Např.: frequented road - frekventovaná silnice.

    Exercise 26

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    • Přeložte.

    20 Hodně štěstí!
    3 Dlouho vás nezdržím.
    18 Učím se anglicky už dva roky.
    6 Postarám se o to.
    5 Nevěděl jsem o tom.
    4 Co se děje?
    7 Nebudu moci přijít.
    12 Ještě nepřišel.
    13 Nechám to na vás.
    17 Jak dlouho už tady čekáte?
    11 Musel jsem tam jít.
    9 Co ještě potřebujete?
    19 Všechno nejlepší k narozeninám!
    16 Bydlím tady už deset let.
    10 Nemusíte platit.
    14 Kdybych to měl, dal bych ti to.
    15 Nikdy jsem v Londýně nebyl.
    8 Nesmíš to nikomu říct.
    1 Máte pravdu.
    2 Mám zpoždění.

    Sidewalk je americký termín. V Británii pro chodník užívají pavement ˈpeɪvmənt! V americké angličtině je ale pavement zpevněná vozovka (asfaltovaný povrch ap.).

    Připoutat se (v autě ap.) se hlavně v americké angličtině hovorově řekne buckle up ˈbʌkəlˌʌp. Např.: Buckle up! - Připoutej(te) se!

    Pozor! Slovo police se v angličtině chová jako podstatné jméno v množném čísle, tedy: The police are ..., The police have ... ap.! Např. The police are after him. - Jde po něm policie., Police say that ... - Policie říká, že...