Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Přeložte.

    14 We had the house built.
    2 I don't get it.
    8 He's to come too.
    3 It's getting worse.
    6 It made him angry.
    4 They differ in many ways.
    11 I'll do my best.
    19 I was fined for speeding.
    5 He has no sense of humour.
    9 What was I supposed to do?
    16 I'll do it asap.
    12 I'd love to, but I can't.
    1 How've you been?
    15 Have you done it yet?
    13 Have we met (before)?
    18 I've been taking driving lessons.
    7 He's known her for years.
    17 I'm looking forward to that.
    10 Can you give me a lift?

    Speeding spiːdɪŋ je překročení povolené rychlosti (speed - rychlost). Speeding ticket je pokuta za rychlost. Např.: He got a speeding ticket. - Dostal pokutu za rychlost.

    Exercise 2

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    • Poslechněte si nahrávku a určete, zda je tvrzení pravdivé (true), nebo nepravdivé (false).

    2 John had an accident, but it wasn't his fault.
    8 The number of yellow cabs in New York is about 13.5 thousand.
    6 Both the British and Americans like to use trains.
    1 Bob was fined 400 dollars for driving too fast.
    3 They usually don't leave a tip in British pubs.
    5 New Yorkers are known to walk a lot around the city.
    7 Some 5 million people travel on the tube every day in London.
    4 Americans mostly buy cars made in the US.

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte odpovídající výroky.

    • 1 I'll keep it on.
    • 2 I won't keep you long.
    • 3 He broke up with her.
    • 4 I'll find out.
    • 5 He made it up.
    • 6 I'll catch up with you.
    • 7 He's missing her.
    • 8 He was fired.
    • c Dostal vyhazov.
    • d Rozešel se s ní.
    • g Zjistím to.
    • f Vymyslel si to.
    • b Doženu vás.
    • e Nechám si to na sobě.
    • a Chybí mu.
    • g Nezdržím tě dlouho.

    Exercise 4

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    5 Did you get my e-mail? - Yes, but I haven't red/read/readed it yet.
    10 I usually go in/in/by car, but we met in/at/on the bus.
    3 Jane and Bob prepared it himself/themselves/ourselves.
    7 Come out/on/at. Hurry up! We'll be late.
    9 I'm sorry of/at/about that. I did it by/on/of mistake.
    6 Could you take/get/pick me up at the airport tomorrow?
    4 He wasn't supposed to know. You couldn't/shouldn't/wouldn't have told him.
    8 They took in/off/out a loan to buy a car.
    2 How long will it ask/take/keep to get there? - About an hour.
    1 Most from/of/in them didn't know.

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte členy, some nebo any, kde třeba.

    8 I saw it on TV yesterday when I was watching news.
    7 I had accident when driving to work this morning.
    13 Take meat out of bag and put it in fridge.
    1 Is there place where we could have dinner?
    12 He's American who makes lot of money.
    4 I bought new car. - What did you do with old one?
    11 A boy from US met girl from Europe.
    2 Are there other ways? I can't think of .
    10 USA and Canada are almost same size.
    14 I had busy day at work. I'm going to bed.
    6 Can you give me hand? - I don't have time for that.
    3 Can you lend me money? - I don't have money.
    5 Have wine! - Thanks, I don't drink alcohol.
    9 Would you like more cake? - Yes. I haven't had yet.

    Exercise 6

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    • Doplňte překlady vět.

    14 Co tím myslíte? What do you by that?
    11 To jídlo se může zkazit. The food may bad.
    12 Počkám, až přijde. I'll wait him to come.
    1 Chystám se k odchodu. I'm to leave.
    3 Je mi to jedno. I don't (about it).
    6 Kolik peněz tam je? How money is there?
    8 Pokud vím... As as I know ...
    7 Kolikrát jsi to už viděl? How many have you seen it?
    13 Bude to hotovo do pátku. It'll be finished Friday.
    2 Byli jsme okradeni. We were .
    9 Neměl bys mu o tom říkat. You tell him.
    5 Doufám, že ne. I hope .
    4 Budete muset počkat. You'll wait.
    10 Lepší by bylo počkat. It better to wait.

    Exercise 7

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    • Spojte související výroky.

    • 1 He had a house built ...
    • 2 I'll tell her about it ...
    • 3 I've been learning English ...
    • 4 I tried to call him ...
    • 5 We had to wait ...
    • 6 I'm really sorry about ...
    • 7 I had a car accident ...
    • 8 He was fined 500 dollars ...
    • g until they came back.
    • e but he isn't answering the phone.
    • b what happened to her.
    • a for about two years now.
    • f which made him angry.
    • d but it wasn't my fault.
    • c but he sold it soon after.
    • h although she shouldn't know.

    Exercise 8

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    1 Are you looking forward to it? - Yes, I can't stay/afford/wait to see it.
    7 Don't give up. You must stay/keep/last trying.
    10 I sent it at/to/in his e-mail address at/on/by accident.
    13 We didn't meet on/at/by chance. We agreed to meet/meeting/met.
    8 I'm in a hurry. I must catch/reach/have the bus.
    9 There will be no meeting. It was called out/away/off.
    4 I'm trying! - I know but you must try stronger/harder/heavier!
    2 What's up, man? Long time no sea/see/say. How've you been?
    3 He's a year younger, but he's a head longer/taller/higher than me.
    5 Are you hungry? - Not right/really/hardly. But I'm thirsty.
    6 I'm feeling unwell. I'll have to see/meet/reach a doctor.
    12 I met her in/on/at the bus although I usually go on/in/by car.
    11 I came at/across/about an interesting article.

    Předložka by také znamená kolem, vedle (o pohybu). Např.: A police car went by. - Kolem projelo policejní auto. Stop by je hovorově stavit se (za někým).

    Exercise 9

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    • Doplňte druhou větu tak, aby měla opačný význam.

    12 She calmed him down. - She made him .
    5 You must take off your glasses. - You must put your glasses.
    4 I threw it away. - I it.
    8 Don't bring him with you. - Feel to bring him with you.
    3 She needn't know about it. - She know about it.
    6 You can get there by car. - You have to there.
    1 I have to work tomorrow. - I'm taking a day tomorrow.
    15 He does hardly any work. - He works really .
    7 The computer is still on. - The computer is .
    10 I like both beer and wine. - I like beer wine.
    9 It cost at least 300. - It cost at 300.
    14 What time do you go to bed? - What time do you up?
    11 It's getting better. - It's getting .
    2 He's found a job. - He was .
    13 They helped me do it. - I did it .

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte správné tvary slovesa v nápovědě.

    10 He be here a moment ago and he leave a message for you.
    6 She was hit by a car.
    7 They meet years ago and become friends.
    4 He's speak to her.
    1 Where be you last night?
    8 He have an accident and was take to hospital.
    2 I haven't see you for ages!
    9 I give it to him and I think he keep it.
    5 The house was sell for 20.000.
    3 I've bring some wine.

    Slovo left znamená též zbylý. Užívá se hlavně ve spojení be left - zbýt, zbývat. Např.: There's nothing left. - Nic nezbylo., I don't have much money left. - Už mi nezbývá moc peněz. ap.

    Exercise 11

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    • Doplňte správnou předložku.

    7 Who'll be looking the kids when she's gone?
    2 I'll see you Monday 4 p.m.
    1 Only one 20 Americans don't have a car.
    3 I'm too tired. I can't go .
    10 What disease did he die ? It's not known.
    4 He'll be back ten minutes. You can wait him.
    9 Look these two. Is there any difference them?
    5 We'll meet Christmas Eve at 7 p.m. my place.
    8 They spend all their money food and clothes.
    11 Do you have it you? - No, I left it work.
    6 Don't worry that. I'll take care it.
    12 Thank you so much. It's so nice you.

    Američané často jako výraz díků říkají: I appreciate it. - Vážím si toho., Oceňuji to. (appreciate əˈpriːʃɪˌeɪt - oceňovat, vážit si)

    Exercise 12

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    • Utvořte otázky. Ptejte se na zvýrazněná slova.

    2 I've been waiting for an hour.
    5 We'll spend the weekend at the seaside.
    6 I've known her for 2 years.
    8 I haven't sent it yet.
    9 He drank five beers.
    3 Nobody else knows about it.
    4 I told Bob and Jane about it.
    10 I've been learning English for a year.
    7 It cost me over 500 dollars.
    1 He left for work an hour ago.

    Exercise 13

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    • Doplňte překlady vět pomocí trpného rodu.

    6 Tato auta se vyrábí v Japonsku. These cars in Japan.
    1 Ukradli mu auto. His car .
    2 Bude povýšena. She'll .
    8 Článek napsala dívka. The article by a girl.
    4 Srazilo je nákladní auto. They by a truck.
    10 Ví se o něm, že je bohatý. He to be rich.
    9 Vzali ho na vysokou. He to college.
    12 Našli ji o týden později. She a week later.
    5 Postavili 3 nové domy. Three new houses .
    3 Mohli by ho vyhodit z práce. He could .
    11 Viděli ji, jak odchází. She leaving.
    7 Toto slovo se často neužívá. This word often.

    I'm flattered. ˈflætəd nebo též I feel flattered. je česky Jsem polichocen.

    Exercise 14

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu tvary slovesa do nebo make.

    4 How did you at school? Were you a good student?
    5 I'm running late. I won't it in time.
    6 We can't without their help.
    15 it sense to you?
    1 Have you your homework?
    8 I need to a phone call.
    14 He it to her angry.
    9 These photos me want to go on holiday.
    7 They a lot of damage when they broke in.
    3 Stop fun of me!
    10 Please your best. It's very important.
    13 This dress me look fat.
    11 He a lot of money last year.
    12 I only have 20 dollars. Will it ?
    2 I've a big mistake.

    Exercise 15

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    • Doplňte odpovědi pomocí slovesa z otázky.

    7 Did you buy any wine? - No, I only food.
    10 Did you write down his name? - No, I his number.
    4 When did they send it? - They it last night.
    6 How many times did you try it? - I it at least five times.
    5 How long did you spend there? - We a week there.
    2 When did he lose his job? - He his job last year.
    9 How did you feel when you found out? - I really bad.
    3 Did you get my message? - No, I no message.
    8 Did you understand him? - I only a few words.
    1 Where did you go on holiday? - We to the seaside.

    Exercise 16

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    • Doplňte správnou předložku.

    6 I got it Christmas a friend of mine.
    12 We'are all very sorry her death.
    5 It's too hot inside. I'll wait the pub.
    11 It's not for kids. You must be 18 years old to buy it.
    2 We'll meet the airport.
    9 It looks you are having a great time.
    8 She used to work a teacher.
    4 It's very hot. The temperature is 30 degrees.
    3 I'm leaving Paris tomorrow.
    7 I'm tired listening to them. I'm leaving.
    10 It was a secret meeting. They met closed doors.
    1 Have you ever been the USA?

    Spojení feel sorry for se užívá, když někoho litujete, be sorry for hlavně při omluvě za svůj čin ap., ale be sorry about se užije o situaci či něčem, co nastalo. Např.: I felt sorry for him. - Bylo mi ho líto., I'm sorry for disturbing you. - Promiňte, že vás ruším. ALE I'm sorry about that. - To mě mrzí. Sorry se může vázat i s infinitivem. Např.: We're sorry to inform you ... - S politováním vám oznamujeme...

    Exercise 17

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    • Napište věty, které uslyšíte. Neužívejte stažené tvary. (Pište celými slovy.)

    3
    1
    7
    5
    8
    2
    6
    9
    4
    10

    Exercise 18

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    • Spojte výroky, které mají opačný význam.

    • 1 He's jobless.
    • 2 He made her angry.
    • 3 He's in good health.
    • 4 I'm enjoying it.
    • 5 He died there.
    • 6 I don't care about her.
    • 7 I have two siblings.
    • 8 I'm really hungry.
    • a He's seriously ill.
    • c I've eaten.
    • h He was born there.
    • e He's employed.
    • b I'm tired of it.
    • d I'm an only child.
    • f He calmed her down.
    • g I'm crazy about her.

    Exercise 19

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    • Doplňte větu posunutou do minulého času s užitím časové souslednosti.

    4 I suppose you know that. - I supposed you that.
    5 I hope you'll come. - I hoped you come.
    9 I don't know who did it. - I didn't know who it.
    10 I know what he's going to do. - I knew what he going to do.
    3 I'm sure they have it. - I was sure they it.
    8 He says he was there. - He said he there.
    7 I believe he forgot about it. - I believed he it.
    2 I'm afraid they're lost. - I was afraid they lost.
    1 I think she is there. - I thought she there.
    6 She says she'll help us. - She said she help us.

    Exercise 20

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    • Přeložte. Použijte nápovědu.

    10 Zkus to ještě jednou.
    again; more
    2 Už jsi to poslal?
    yet
    5 Neviděl jsem ho už měsíce.
    for months
    9 Dám si ještě jedno pivo.
    more
    4 Už odešli.
    already
    1 Díváme se právě na film.
    just
    6 Ještě jsem to nečetl.
    yet
    7 To bude ještě dražší.
    even
    8 Co ještě bych měl udělat?
    else
    3 Právě jsem to dodělal.
    just

    Exercise 21

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    • Doplňte překlady pomocí frázových sloves.

    9 Vydržte chvilku. Hold a minute.
    4 Řekni mu, ať se uklidní. Tell him to down.
    3 Chtějí si užít (života). They want to it up.
    10 Čti dál. on reading.
    8 Letadlo už odstartovalo. The plane has off.
    11 Můžeme to odložit? Can we it off?
    13 Vyrazíme brzy ráno. We'll out early.
    6 Ceny domů vzrostly o... House prices up by ...
    7 Mám pustit televizi? Shall I on the TV?
    2 Měl by nechat kouření. He should up smoking.
    14 (Dávej) pozor! Watch !
    1 Už jsem zjistil, kolik to stojí. I've out how much it costs.
    12 Došel mi benzín. I've out of petrol.
    5 Musím se přihlásit v hotelu. I must in at the hotel.

    Frázové sloveso go for má několik významů. Jeden z nejběžnějších je vybrat si nebo rozhodnout se pro. Např.: I'd go for this one. - Já bych si vybral tento. Ve významu platit pro... se užívá go for stejně jako sloveso apply to əˈplaɪˌtuː. Např.: That goes for you too., That applies to you too. - To platí i pro tebe. ap.

    Jaywalking ˈdʒeɪˌwɔːkɪŋ je neukázněné přecházení silnice. Termín jaywalker ˈdʒeɪˌwɔːkə je neukázněný chodec (přecházející na červenou, mimo přechod ap.).

    Exercise 23

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    • Vyberte správné slovo podle výkladu.

    4 If you want to eat healthily, you should get/avoid/order junk food.
    10 The part of a street used for walking is called the jaywalk/sidewalk/walker.
    6 When you get well again after being ill, you have tired/recovered/fainted.
    9 An old person who doesn't work anymore is wrapped/retired/admitted.
    1 When two people are not a couple any more, they break up/down/in.
    7 When someone takes your things away, you are broken/robbed/stolen.
    8 When you give someone food, you say: Welcome/Cheers/Help yourself.
    2 When you get divorced/married/bored you become a husband and wife.
    11 When you've done something many times and you have no problem doing it, you are used to/addicted to/interested in it.
    3 When a meeting is to take place later, it is put out/away/off.
    5 To get a driving licence, you must first make/get/pass a driving test.

    Obrat to hail a taxi znamená zastavit si taxi (mávnutím). Podobně se užívá fráze wave down a taxi (wave weɪv - mávnout, zamávat).

    Exercise 24

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    • Doplňte překlady.

    4 Mám (moc) rád italské jídlo. I'm of Italian food.
    14 Ať neodchází! Don't him go!
    8 Odjíždím v pátek ráno. I'm leaving Friday morning.
    9 Byla okradena dvěma muži. She by two men.
    3 To zní zajímavě. That interesting.
    6 Zvykl jsem si na to. I used to it.
    11 Mám raději čaj než kávu. I tea to coffee.
    5 Nechám to na vás. I'll it up to you.
    2 Doufejme, že to vyjde. Let's hope it'll off.
    13 Jeďte po této cestě. Go this road.
    7 Nejezdím po městě autem. I don't drive the city.
    12 Vyzvednu tě na letišti. I'll you up at the airport.
    10 Bude to stát spoustu peněz. It'll cost a of money.
    1 Zamilovala se do něho. She in love with him.

    Ať v rozkazu lze také někdy přeložit pomocí obratu make sure (that) (ujisti se/zajisti, že...) Např.: Make sure you don't lose it. - Ať to neztratíš., Make sure he doesn't break it. - Ať to nerozbije. ap.

    Exercise 25

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    • Přeložte. Použijte nápovědu.

    6 Nechce se mi tam jít.
    feel like
    3 Pokud vím, tak tady není.
    as far as
    4 To je ale překvapení!
    surprise
    1 Nevím, jak dlouho to potrvá.
    take
    5 Co takhle si dát pivo?
    pint
    10 Rádi bychom si objednali.
    order
    12 Neslyším vás.
    can
    8 To by bylo skvělé!
    great
    11 Platím já! (pití ap.)
    buy
    2 Dám vám vědět co nejdřív.
    as soon as
    7 Nejsem z toho zrovna nadšený.
    crazy
    13 To nevadí.
    mind
    14 To rád slyším.
    glad
    9 Změnil jsem názor.
    mind

    Pozor na slovo frekventovaný při překladu do angličtiny! Ve významu častý je to frequent. Chcete-li ale říct, že je něco často navštěvované nebo je zde velký provoz, užije se frequented frɪˈkwεntɪd. Např.: frequented road - frekventovaná silnice.

    Exercise 26

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    • Přeložte.

    16 Bydlím tady už deset let.
    3 Dlouho vás nezdržím.
    10 Nemusíte platit.
    18 Učím se anglicky už dva roky.
    14 Kdybych to měl, dal bych ti to.
    12 Ještě nepřišel.
    11 Musel jsem tam jít.
    17 Jak dlouho už tady čekáte?
    8 Nesmíš to nikomu říct.
    20 Hodně štěstí!
    9 Co ještě potřebujete?
    15 Nikdy jsem v Londýně nebyl.
    19 Všechno nejlepší k narozeninám!
    2 Mám zpoždění.
    7 Nebudu moci přijít.
    5 Nevěděl jsem o tom.
    13 Nechám to na vás.
    1 Máte pravdu.
    4 Co se děje?
    6 Postarám se o to.

    Sidewalk je americký termín. V Británii pro chodník užívají pavement ˈpeɪvmənt! V americké angličtině je ale pavement zpevněná vozovka (asfaltovaný povrch ap.).

    Připoutat se (v autě ap.) se hlavně v americké angličtině hovorově řekne buckle up ˈbʌkəlˌʌp. Např.: Buckle up! - Připoutej(te) se!

    Pozor! Slovo police se v angličtině chová jako podstatné jméno v množném čísle, tedy: The police are ..., The police have ... ap.! Např. The police are after him. - Jde po něm policie., Police say that ... - Policie říká, že...