Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Přeložte.

    11 I'll do my best.
    4 They differ in many ways.
    15 Have you done it yet?
    19 I was fined for speeding.
    16 I'll do it asap.
    14 We had the house built.
    2 I don't get it.
    10 Can you give me a lift?
    8 He's to come too.
    12 I'd love to, but I can't.
    3 It's getting worse.
    5 He has no sense of humour.
    7 He's known her for years.
    18 I've been taking driving lessons.
    17 I'm looking forward to that.
    1 How've you been?
    13 Have we met (before)?
    9 What was I supposed to do?
    6 It made him angry.

    Speeding spiːdɪŋ je překročení povolené rychlosti (speed - rychlost). Speeding ticket je pokuta za rychlost. Např.: He got a speeding ticket. - Dostal pokutu za rychlost.

    Exercise 2

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    • Poslechněte si nahrávku a určete, zda je tvrzení pravdivé (true), nebo nepravdivé (false).

    1 Bob was fined 400 dollars for driving too fast.
    7 Some 5 million people travel on the tube every day in London.
    8 The number of yellow cabs in New York is about 13.5 thousand.
    6 Both the British and Americans like to use trains.
    4 Americans mostly buy cars made in the US.
    3 They usually don't leave a tip in British pubs.
    5 New Yorkers are known to walk a lot around the city.
    2 John had an accident, but it wasn't his fault.

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte odpovídající výroky.

    • 1 I'll keep it on.
    • 2 I won't keep you long.
    • 3 He broke up with her.
    • 4 I'll find out.
    • 5 He made it up.
    • 6 I'll catch up with you.
    • 7 He's missing her.
    • 8 He was fired.
    • a Chybí mu.
    • f Vymyslel si to.
    • e Nechám si to na sobě.
    • b Doženu vás.
    • c Dostal vyhazov.
    • g Zjistím to.
    • d Rozešel se s ní.
    • g Nezdržím tě dlouho.

    Exercise 4

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    3 Jane and Bob prepared it himself/themselves/ourselves.
    9 I'm sorry of/at/about that. I did it by/on/of mistake.
    1 Most from/of/in them didn't know.
    7 Come out/on/at. Hurry up! We'll be late.
    2 How long will it ask/take/keep to get there? - About an hour.
    8 They took in/off/out a loan to buy a car.
    10 I usually go in/in/by car, but we met in/at/on the bus.
    5 Did you get my e-mail? - Yes, but I haven't red/read/readed it yet.
    6 Could you take/get/pick me up at the airport tomorrow?
    4 He wasn't supposed to know. You couldn't/shouldn't/wouldn't have told him.

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte členy, some nebo any, kde třeba.

    8 I saw it on TV yesterday when I was watching news.
    6 Can you give me hand? - I don't have time for that.
    2 Are there other ways? I can't think of .
    12 He's American who makes lot of money.
    4 I bought new car. - What did you do with old one?
    7 I had accident when driving to work this morning.
    1 Is there place where we could have dinner?
    11 A boy from US met girl from Europe.
    14 I had busy day at work. I'm going to bed.
    3 Can you lend me money? - I don't have money.
    9 Would you like more cake? - Yes. I haven't had yet.
    13 Take meat out of bag and put it in fridge.
    10 USA and Canada are almost same size.
    5 Have wine! - Thanks, I don't drink alcohol.

    Exercise 6

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    • Doplňte překlady vět.

    2 Byli jsme okradeni. We were .
    9 Neměl bys mu o tom říkat. You tell him.
    5 Doufám, že ne. I hope .
    1 Chystám se k odchodu. I'm to leave.
    14 Co tím myslíte? What do you by that?
    10 Lepší by bylo počkat. It better to wait.
    12 Počkám, až přijde. I'll wait him to come.
    13 Bude to hotovo do pátku. It'll be finished Friday.
    3 Je mi to jedno. I don't (about it).
    6 Kolik peněz tam je? How money is there?
    7 Kolikrát jsi to už viděl? How many have you seen it?
    4 Budete muset počkat. You'll wait.
    11 To jídlo se může zkazit. The food may bad.
    8 Pokud vím... As as I know ...

    Exercise 7

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    • Spojte související výroky.

    • 1 He had a house built ...
    • 2 I'll tell her about it ...
    • 3 I've been learning English ...
    • 4 I tried to call him ...
    • 5 We had to wait ...
    • 6 I'm really sorry about ...
    • 7 I had a car accident ...
    • 8 He was fined 500 dollars ...
    • c but he sold it soon after.
    • e but he isn't answering the phone.
    • b what happened to her.
    • h although she shouldn't know.
    • g until they came back.
    • a for about two years now.
    • d but it wasn't my fault.
    • f which made him angry.

    Exercise 8

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    1 Are you looking forward to it? - Yes, I can't stay/afford/wait to see it.
    11 I came at/across/about an interesting article.
    2 What's up, man? Long time no sea/see/say. How've you been?
    6 I'm feeling unwell. I'll have to see/meet/reach a doctor.
    10 I sent it at/to/in his e-mail address at/on/by accident.
    5 Are you hungry? - Not right/really/hardly. But I'm thirsty.
    3 He's a year younger, but he's a head longer/taller/higher than me.
    8 I'm in a hurry. I must catch/reach/have the bus.
    9 There will be no meeting. It was called out/away/off.
    13 We didn't meet on/at/by chance. We agreed to meet/meeting/met.
    4 I'm trying! - I know but you must try stronger/harder/heavier!
    12 I met her in/on/at the bus although I usually go on/in/by car.
    7 Don't give up. You must stay/keep/last trying.

    Předložka by také znamená kolem, vedle (o pohybu). Např.: A police car went by. - Kolem projelo policejní auto. Stop by je hovorově stavit se (za někým).

    Exercise 9

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    • Doplňte druhou větu tak, aby měla opačný význam.

    3 She needn't know about it. - She know about it.
    12 She calmed him down. - She made him .
    8 Don't bring him with you. - Feel to bring him with you.
    13 They helped me do it. - I did it .
    6 You can get there by car. - You have to there.
    11 It's getting better. - It's getting .
    5 You must take off your glasses. - You must put your glasses.
    2 He's found a job. - He was .
    1 I have to work tomorrow. - I'm taking a day tomorrow.
    14 What time do you go to bed? - What time do you up?
    15 He does hardly any work. - He works really .
    7 The computer is still on. - The computer is .
    4 I threw it away. - I it.
    10 I like both beer and wine. - I like beer wine.
    9 It cost at least 300. - It cost at 300.

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte správné tvary slovesa v nápovědě.

    4 He's speak to her.
    10 He be here a moment ago and he leave a message for you.
    9 I give it to him and I think he keep it.
    5 The house was sell for 20.000.
    8 He have an accident and was take to hospital.
    2 I haven't see you for ages!
    1 Where be you last night?
    6 She was hit by a car.
    3 I've bring some wine.
    7 They meet years ago and become friends.

    Slovo left znamená též zbylý. Užívá se hlavně ve spojení be left - zbýt, zbývat. Např.: There's nothing left. - Nic nezbylo., I don't have much money left. - Už mi nezbývá moc peněz. ap.

    Exercise 11

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    • Doplňte správnou předložku.

    12 Thank you so much. It's so nice you.
    11 Do you have it you? - No, I left it work.
    3 I'm too tired. I can't go .
    8 They spend all their money food and clothes.
    5 We'll meet Christmas Eve at 7 p.m. my place.
    10 What disease did he die ? It's not known.
    7 Who'll be looking the kids when she's gone?
    2 I'll see you Monday 4 p.m.
    1 Only one 20 Americans don't have a car.
    9 Look these two. Is there any difference them?
    6 Don't worry that. I'll take care it.
    4 He'll be back ten minutes. You can wait him.

    Američané často jako výraz díků říkají: I appreciate it. - Vážím si toho., Oceňuji to. (appreciate əˈpriːʃɪˌeɪt - oceňovat, vážit si)

    Exercise 12

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    • Utvořte otázky. Ptejte se na zvýrazněná slova.

    7 It cost me over 500 dollars.
    4 I told Bob and Jane about it.
    3 Nobody else knows about it.
    6 I've known her for 2 years.
    2 I've been waiting for an hour.
    8 I haven't sent it yet.
    1 He left for work an hour ago.
    10 I've been learning English for a year.
    9 He drank five beers.
    5 We'll spend the weekend at the seaside.

    Exercise 13

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    • Doplňte překlady vět pomocí trpného rodu.

    4 Srazilo je nákladní auto. They by a truck.
    7 Toto slovo se často neužívá. This word often.
    6 Tato auta se vyrábí v Japonsku. These cars in Japan.
    9 Vzali ho na vysokou. He to college.
    12 Našli ji o týden později. She a week later.
    5 Postavili 3 nové domy. Three new houses .
    1 Ukradli mu auto. His car .
    3 Mohli by ho vyhodit z práce. He could .
    10 Ví se o něm, že je bohatý. He to be rich.
    2 Bude povýšena. She'll .
    8 Článek napsala dívka. The article by a girl.
    11 Viděli ji, jak odchází. She leaving.

    I'm flattered. ˈflætəd nebo též I feel flattered. je česky Jsem polichocen.

    Exercise 14

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu tvary slovesa do nebo make.

    2 I've a big mistake.
    14 He it to her angry.
    12 I only have 20 dollars. Will it ?
    15 it sense to you?
    11 He a lot of money last year.
    6 We can't without their help.
    10 Please your best. It's very important.
    4 How did you at school? Were you a good student?
    3 Stop fun of me!
    1 Have you your homework?
    8 I need to a phone call.
    9 These photos me want to go on holiday.
    13 This dress me look fat.
    5 I'm running late. I won't it in time.
    7 They a lot of damage when they broke in.

    Exercise 15

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    • Doplňte odpovědi pomocí slovesa z otázky.

    2 When did he lose his job? - He his job last year.
    5 How long did you spend there? - We a week there.
    8 Did you understand him? - I only a few words.
    4 When did they send it? - They it last night.
    3 Did you get my message? - No, I no message.
    1 Where did you go on holiday? - We to the seaside.
    7 Did you buy any wine? - No, I only food.
    9 How did you feel when you found out? - I really bad.
    10 Did you write down his name? - No, I his number.
    6 How many times did you try it? - I it at least five times.

    Exercise 16

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    • Doplňte správnou předložku.

    8 She used to work a teacher.
    6 I got it Christmas a friend of mine.
    7 I'm tired listening to them. I'm leaving.
    11 It's not for kids. You must be 18 years old to buy it.
    12 We'are all very sorry her death.
    1 Have you ever been the USA?
    9 It looks you are having a great time.
    3 I'm leaving Paris tomorrow.
    4 It's very hot. The temperature is 30 degrees.
    10 It was a secret meeting. They met closed doors.
    5 It's too hot inside. I'll wait the pub.
    2 We'll meet the airport.

    Spojení feel sorry for se užívá, když někoho litujete, be sorry for hlavně při omluvě za svůj čin ap., ale be sorry about se užije o situaci či něčem, co nastalo. Např.: I felt sorry for him. - Bylo mi ho líto., I'm sorry for disturbing you. - Promiňte, že vás ruším. ALE I'm sorry about that. - To mě mrzí. Sorry se může vázat i s infinitivem. Např.: We're sorry to inform you ... - S politováním vám oznamujeme...

    Exercise 17

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    • Napište věty, které uslyšíte. Neužívejte stažené tvary. (Pište celými slovy.)

    7
    2
    5
    10
    6
    9
    4
    3
    8
    1

    Exercise 18

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    • Spojte výroky, které mají opačný význam.

    • 1 He's jobless.
    • 2 He made her angry.
    • 3 He's in good health.
    • 4 I'm enjoying it.
    • 5 He died there.
    • 6 I don't care about her.
    • 7 I have two siblings.
    • 8 I'm really hungry.
    • g I'm crazy about her.
    • f He calmed her down.
    • a He's seriously ill.
    • b I'm tired of it.
    • e He's employed.
    • d I'm an only child.
    • c I've eaten.
    • h He was born there.

    Exercise 19

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    • Doplňte větu posunutou do minulého času s užitím časové souslednosti.

    6 She says she'll help us. - She said she help us.
    3 I'm sure they have it. - I was sure they it.
    7 I believe he forgot about it. - I believed he it.
    9 I don't know who did it. - I didn't know who it.
    1 I think she is there. - I thought she there.
    8 He says he was there. - He said he there.
    5 I hope you'll come. - I hoped you come.
    4 I suppose you know that. - I supposed you that.
    10 I know what he's going to do. - I knew what he going to do.
    2 I'm afraid they're lost. - I was afraid they lost.

    Exercise 20

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    • Přeložte. Použijte nápovědu.

    3 Právě jsem to dodělal.
    just
    10 Zkus to ještě jednou.
    again; more
    4 Už odešli.
    already
    9 Dám si ještě jedno pivo.
    more
    5 Neviděl jsem ho už měsíce.
    for months
    8 Co ještě bych měl udělat?
    else
    6 Ještě jsem to nečetl.
    yet
    7 To bude ještě dražší.
    even
    2 Už jsi to poslal?
    yet
    1 Díváme se právě na film.
    just

    Exercise 21

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    • Doplňte překlady pomocí frázových sloves.

    11 Můžeme to odložit? Can we it off?
    12 Došel mi benzín. I've out of petrol.
    5 Musím se přihlásit v hotelu. I must in at the hotel.
    3 Chtějí si užít (života). They want to it up.
    14 (Dávej) pozor! Watch !
    4 Řekni mu, ať se uklidní. Tell him to down.
    1 Už jsem zjistil, kolik to stojí. I've out how much it costs.
    7 Mám pustit televizi? Shall I on the TV?
    2 Měl by nechat kouření. He should up smoking.
    8 Letadlo už odstartovalo. The plane has off.
    9 Vydržte chvilku. Hold a minute.
    13 Vyrazíme brzy ráno. We'll out early.
    6 Ceny domů vzrostly o... House prices up by ...
    10 Čti dál. on reading.

    Frázové sloveso go for má několik významů. Jeden z nejběžnějších je vybrat si nebo rozhodnout se pro. Např.: I'd go for this one. - Já bych si vybral tento. Ve významu platit pro... se užívá go for stejně jako sloveso apply to əˈplaɪˌtuː. Např.: That goes for you too., That applies to you too. - To platí i pro tebe. ap.

    Jaywalking ˈdʒeɪˌwɔːkɪŋ je neukázněné přecházení silnice. Termín jaywalker ˈdʒeɪˌwɔːkə je neukázněný chodec (přecházející na červenou, mimo přechod ap.).

    Exercise 23

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    • Vyberte správné slovo podle výkladu.

    5 To get a driving licence, you must first make/get/pass a driving test.
    8 When you give someone food, you say: Welcome/Cheers/Help yourself.
    10 The part of a street used for walking is called the jaywalk/sidewalk/walker.
    7 When someone takes your things away, you are broken/robbed/stolen.
    1 When two people are not a couple any more, they break up/down/in.
    6 When you get well again after being ill, you have tired/recovered/fainted.
    4 If you want to eat healthily, you should get/avoid/order junk food.
    9 An old person who doesn't work anymore is wrapped/retired/admitted.
    2 When you get divorced/married/bored you become a husband and wife.
    3 When a meeting is to take place later, it is put out/away/off.
    11 When you've done something many times and you have no problem doing it, you are used to/addicted to/interested in it.

    Obrat to hail a taxi znamená zastavit si taxi (mávnutím). Podobně se užívá fráze wave down a taxi (wave weɪv - mávnout, zamávat).

    Exercise 24

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    • Doplňte překlady.

    2 Doufejme, že to vyjde. Let's hope it'll off.
    8 Odjíždím v pátek ráno. I'm leaving Friday morning.
    14 Ať neodchází! Don't him go!
    12 Vyzvednu tě na letišti. I'll you up at the airport.
    4 Mám (moc) rád italské jídlo. I'm of Italian food.
    9 Byla okradena dvěma muži. She by two men.
    10 Bude to stát spoustu peněz. It'll cost a of money.
    1 Zamilovala se do něho. She in love with him.
    6 Zvykl jsem si na to. I used to it.
    13 Jeďte po této cestě. Go this road.
    5 Nechám to na vás. I'll it up to you.
    7 Nejezdím po městě autem. I don't drive the city.
    11 Mám raději čaj než kávu. I tea to coffee.
    3 To zní zajímavě. That interesting.

    Ať v rozkazu lze také někdy přeložit pomocí obratu make sure (that) (ujisti se/zajisti, že...) Např.: Make sure you don't lose it. - Ať to neztratíš., Make sure he doesn't break it. - Ať to nerozbije. ap.

    Exercise 25

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    • Přeložte. Použijte nápovědu.

    3 Pokud vím, tak tady není.
    as far as
    12 Neslyším vás.
    can
    1 Nevím, jak dlouho to potrvá.
    take
    6 Nechce se mi tam jít.
    feel like
    7 Nejsem z toho zrovna nadšený.
    crazy
    10 Rádi bychom si objednali.
    order
    2 Dám vám vědět co nejdřív.
    as soon as
    8 To by bylo skvělé!
    great
    4 To je ale překvapení!
    surprise
    5 Co takhle si dát pivo?
    pint
    11 Platím já! (pití ap.)
    buy
    14 To rád slyším.
    glad
    13 To nevadí.
    mind
    9 Změnil jsem názor.
    mind

    Pozor na slovo frekventovaný při překladu do angličtiny! Ve významu častý je to frequent. Chcete-li ale říct, že je něco často navštěvované nebo je zde velký provoz, užije se frequented frɪˈkwεntɪd. Např.: frequented road - frekventovaná silnice.

    Exercise 26

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    • Přeložte.

    19 Všechno nejlepší k narozeninám!
    9 Co ještě potřebujete?
    17 Jak dlouho už tady čekáte?
    2 Mám zpoždění.
    10 Nemusíte platit.
    4 Co se děje?
    14 Kdybych to měl, dal bych ti to.
    1 Máte pravdu.
    5 Nevěděl jsem o tom.
    8 Nesmíš to nikomu říct.
    15 Nikdy jsem v Londýně nebyl.
    7 Nebudu moci přijít.
    12 Ještě nepřišel.
    20 Hodně štěstí!
    18 Učím se anglicky už dva roky.
    16 Bydlím tady už deset let.
    3 Dlouho vás nezdržím.
    6 Postarám se o to.
    13 Nechám to na vás.
    11 Musel jsem tam jít.

    Sidewalk je americký termín. V Británii pro chodník užívají pavement ˈpeɪvmənt! V americké angličtině je ale pavement zpevněná vozovka (asfaltovaný povrch ap.).

    Připoutat se (v autě ap.) se hlavně v americké angličtině hovorově řekne buckle up ˈbʌkəlˌʌp. Např.: Buckle up! - Připoutej(te) se!

    Pozor! Slovo police se v angličtině chová jako podstatné jméno v množném čísle, tedy: The police are ..., The police have ... ap.! Např. The police are after him. - Jde po něm policie., Police say that ... - Policie říká, že...