Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Přeložte.

    6 It made him angry.
    19 I was fined for speeding.
    3 It's getting worse.
    13 Have we met (before)?
    10 Can you give me a lift?
    16 I'll do it asap.
    1 How've you been?
    11 I'll do my best.
    15 Have you done it yet?
    8 He's to come too.
    4 They differ in many ways.
    7 He's known her for years.
    17 I'm looking forward to that.
    9 What was I supposed to do?
    18 I've been taking driving lessons.
    2 I don't get it.
    14 We had the house built.
    12 I'd love to, but I can't.
    5 He has no sense of humour.

    Speeding spiːdɪŋ je překročení povolené rychlosti (speed - rychlost). Speeding ticket je pokuta za rychlost. Např.: He got a speeding ticket. - Dostal pokutu za rychlost.

    Exercise 2

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    • Poslechněte si nahrávku a určete, zda je tvrzení pravdivé (true), nebo nepravdivé (false).

    4 Americans mostly buy cars made in the US.
    5 New Yorkers are known to walk a lot around the city.
    7 Some 5 million people travel on the tube every day in London.
    8 The number of yellow cabs in New York is about 13.5 thousand.
    1 Bob was fined 400 dollars for driving too fast.
    6 Both the British and Americans like to use trains.
    3 They usually don't leave a tip in British pubs.
    2 John had an accident, but it wasn't his fault.

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte odpovídající výroky.

    • 1 I'll keep it on.
    • 2 I won't keep you long.
    • 3 He broke up with her.
    • 4 I'll find out.
    • 5 He made it up.
    • 6 I'll catch up with you.
    • 7 He's missing her.
    • 8 He was fired.
    • f Vymyslel si to.
    • g Zjistím to.
    • c Dostal vyhazov.
    • b Doženu vás.
    • d Rozešel se s ní.
    • e Nechám si to na sobě.
    • g Nezdržím tě dlouho.
    • a Chybí mu.

    Exercise 4

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    3 Jane and Bob prepared it himself/themselves/ourselves.
    2 How long will it ask/take/keep to get there? - About an hour.
    5 Did you get my e-mail? - Yes, but I haven't red/read/readed it yet.
    8 They took in/off/out a loan to buy a car.
    9 I'm sorry of/at/about that. I did it by/on/of mistake.
    6 Could you take/get/pick me up at the airport tomorrow?
    1 Most from/of/in them didn't know.
    4 He wasn't supposed to know. You couldn't/shouldn't/wouldn't have told him.
    10 I usually go in/in/by car, but we met in/at/on the bus.
    7 Come out/on/at. Hurry up! We'll be late.

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte členy, some nebo any, kde třeba.

    4 I bought new car. - What did you do with old one?
    7 I had accident when driving to work this morning.
    14 I had busy day at work. I'm going to bed.
    8 I saw it on TV yesterday when I was watching news.
    13 Take meat out of bag and put it in fridge.
    2 Are there other ways? I can't think of .
    11 A boy from US met girl from Europe.
    10 USA and Canada are almost same size.
    5 Have wine! - Thanks, I don't drink alcohol.
    9 Would you like more cake? - Yes. I haven't had yet.
    12 He's American who makes lot of money.
    3 Can you lend me money? - I don't have money.
    6 Can you give me hand? - I don't have time for that.
    1 Is there place where we could have dinner?

    Exercise 6

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    • Doplňte překlady vět.

    3 Je mi to jedno. I don't (about it).
    4 Budete muset počkat. You'll wait.
    5 Doufám, že ne. I hope .
    14 Co tím myslíte? What do you by that?
    10 Lepší by bylo počkat. It better to wait.
    9 Neměl bys mu o tom říkat. You tell him.
    6 Kolik peněz tam je? How money is there?
    7 Kolikrát jsi to už viděl? How many have you seen it?
    12 Počkám, až přijde. I'll wait him to come.
    11 To jídlo se může zkazit. The food may bad.
    13 Bude to hotovo do pátku. It'll be finished Friday.
    8 Pokud vím... As as I know ...
    2 Byli jsme okradeni. We were .
    1 Chystám se k odchodu. I'm to leave.

    Exercise 7

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    • Spojte související výroky.

    • 1 He had a house built ...
    • 2 I'll tell her about it ...
    • 3 I've been learning English ...
    • 4 I tried to call him ...
    • 5 We had to wait ...
    • 6 I'm really sorry about ...
    • 7 I had a car accident ...
    • 8 He was fined 500 dollars ...
    • c but he sold it soon after.
    • b what happened to her.
    • d but it wasn't my fault.
    • g until they came back.
    • h although she shouldn't know.
    • f which made him angry.
    • e but he isn't answering the phone.
    • a for about two years now.

    Exercise 8

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    3 He's a year younger, but he's a head longer/taller/higher than me.
    2 What's up, man? Long time no sea/see/say. How've you been?
    4 I'm trying! - I know but you must try stronger/harder/heavier!
    13 We didn't meet on/at/by chance. We agreed to meet/meeting/met.
    11 I came at/across/about an interesting article.
    7 Don't give up. You must stay/keep/last trying.
    9 There will be no meeting. It was called out/away/off.
    5 Are you hungry? - Not right/really/hardly. But I'm thirsty.
    8 I'm in a hurry. I must catch/reach/have the bus.
    6 I'm feeling unwell. I'll have to see/meet/reach a doctor.
    12 I met her in/on/at the bus although I usually go on/in/by car.
    1 Are you looking forward to it? - Yes, I can't stay/afford/wait to see it.
    10 I sent it at/to/in his e-mail address at/on/by accident.

    Předložka by také znamená kolem, vedle (o pohybu). Např.: A police car went by. - Kolem projelo policejní auto. Stop by je hovorově stavit se (za někým).

    Exercise 9

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    • Doplňte druhou větu tak, aby měla opačný význam.

    1 I have to work tomorrow. - I'm taking a day tomorrow.
    13 They helped me do it. - I did it .
    2 He's found a job. - He was .
    10 I like both beer and wine. - I like beer wine.
    12 She calmed him down. - She made him .
    4 I threw it away. - I it.
    7 The computer is still on. - The computer is .
    3 She needn't know about it. - She know about it.
    6 You can get there by car. - You have to there.
    8 Don't bring him with you. - Feel to bring him with you.
    9 It cost at least 300. - It cost at 300.
    5 You must take off your glasses. - You must put your glasses.
    15 He does hardly any work. - He works really .
    11 It's getting better. - It's getting .
    14 What time do you go to bed? - What time do you up?

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte správné tvary slovesa v nápovědě.

    1 Where be you last night?
    9 I give it to him and I think he keep it.
    2 I haven't see you for ages!
    4 He's speak to her.
    8 He have an accident and was take to hospital.
    6 She was hit by a car.
    7 They meet years ago and become friends.
    3 I've bring some wine.
    5 The house was sell for 20.000.
    10 He be here a moment ago and he leave a message for you.

    Slovo left znamená též zbylý. Užívá se hlavně ve spojení be left - zbýt, zbývat. Např.: There's nothing left. - Nic nezbylo., I don't have much money left. - Už mi nezbývá moc peněz. ap.

    Exercise 11

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    • Doplňte správnou předložku.

    12 Thank you so much. It's so nice you.
    7 Who'll be looking the kids when she's gone?
    8 They spend all their money food and clothes.
    4 He'll be back ten minutes. You can wait him.
    2 I'll see you Monday 4 p.m.
    1 Only one 20 Americans don't have a car.
    3 I'm too tired. I can't go .
    9 Look these two. Is there any difference them?
    10 What disease did he die ? It's not known.
    11 Do you have it you? - No, I left it work.
    5 We'll meet Christmas Eve at 7 p.m. my place.
    6 Don't worry that. I'll take care it.

    Američané často jako výraz díků říkají: I appreciate it. - Vážím si toho., Oceňuji to. (appreciate əˈpriːʃɪˌeɪt - oceňovat, vážit si)

    Exercise 12

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    • Utvořte otázky. Ptejte se na zvýrazněná slova.

    3 Nobody else knows about it.
    6 I've known her for 2 years.
    10 I've been learning English for a year.
    2 I've been waiting for an hour.
    7 It cost me over 500 dollars.
    5 We'll spend the weekend at the seaside.
    1 He left for work an hour ago.
    4 I told Bob and Jane about it.
    9 He drank five beers.
    8 I haven't sent it yet.

    Exercise 13

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    • Doplňte překlady vět pomocí trpného rodu.

    3 Mohli by ho vyhodit z práce. He could .
    4 Srazilo je nákladní auto. They by a truck.
    9 Vzali ho na vysokou. He to college.
    10 Ví se o něm, že je bohatý. He to be rich.
    1 Ukradli mu auto. His car .
    7 Toto slovo se často neužívá. This word often.
    5 Postavili 3 nové domy. Three new houses .
    6 Tato auta se vyrábí v Japonsku. These cars in Japan.
    11 Viděli ji, jak odchází. She leaving.
    8 Článek napsala dívka. The article by a girl.
    2 Bude povýšena. She'll .
    12 Našli ji o týden později. She a week later.

    I'm flattered. ˈflætəd nebo též I feel flattered. je česky Jsem polichocen.

    Exercise 14

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu tvary slovesa do nebo make.

    10 Please your best. It's very important.
    12 I only have 20 dollars. Will it ?
    8 I need to a phone call.
    5 I'm running late. I won't it in time.
    14 He it to her angry.
    13 This dress me look fat.
    11 He a lot of money last year.
    3 Stop fun of me!
    15 it sense to you?
    7 They a lot of damage when they broke in.
    6 We can't without their help.
    2 I've a big mistake.
    4 How did you at school? Were you a good student?
    9 These photos me want to go on holiday.
    1 Have you your homework?

    Exercise 15

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    • Doplňte odpovědi pomocí slovesa z otázky.

    4 When did they send it? - They it last night.
    5 How long did you spend there? - We a week there.
    1 Where did you go on holiday? - We to the seaside.
    6 How many times did you try it? - I it at least five times.
    8 Did you understand him? - I only a few words.
    3 Did you get my message? - No, I no message.
    7 Did you buy any wine? - No, I only food.
    10 Did you write down his name? - No, I his number.
    9 How did you feel when you found out? - I really bad.
    2 When did he lose his job? - He his job last year.

    Exercise 16

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    • Doplňte správnou předložku.

    2 We'll meet the airport.
    10 It was a secret meeting. They met closed doors.
    1 Have you ever been the USA?
    9 It looks you are having a great time.
    6 I got it Christmas a friend of mine.
    7 I'm tired listening to them. I'm leaving.
    3 I'm leaving Paris tomorrow.
    5 It's too hot inside. I'll wait the pub.
    4 It's very hot. The temperature is 30 degrees.
    12 We'are all very sorry her death.
    8 She used to work a teacher.
    11 It's not for kids. You must be 18 years old to buy it.

    Spojení feel sorry for se užívá, když někoho litujete, be sorry for hlavně při omluvě za svůj čin ap., ale be sorry about se užije o situaci či něčem, co nastalo. Např.: I felt sorry for him. - Bylo mi ho líto., I'm sorry for disturbing you. - Promiňte, že vás ruším. ALE I'm sorry about that. - To mě mrzí. Sorry se může vázat i s infinitivem. Např.: We're sorry to inform you ... - S politováním vám oznamujeme...

    Exercise 17

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    • Napište věty, které uslyšíte. Neužívejte stažené tvary. (Pište celými slovy.)

    2
    7
    3
    10
    8
    5
    9
    6
    4
    1

    Exercise 18

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    • Spojte výroky, které mají opačný význam.

    • 1 He's jobless.
    • 2 He made her angry.
    • 3 He's in good health.
    • 4 I'm enjoying it.
    • 5 He died there.
    • 6 I don't care about her.
    • 7 I have two siblings.
    • 8 I'm really hungry.
    • b I'm tired of it.
    • f He calmed her down.
    • c I've eaten.
    • h He was born there.
    • g I'm crazy about her.
    • e He's employed.
    • a He's seriously ill.
    • d I'm an only child.

    Exercise 19

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    • Doplňte větu posunutou do minulého času s užitím časové souslednosti.

    3 I'm sure they have it. - I was sure they it.
    9 I don't know who did it. - I didn't know who it.
    7 I believe he forgot about it. - I believed he it.
    10 I know what he's going to do. - I knew what he going to do.
    5 I hope you'll come. - I hoped you come.
    6 She says she'll help us. - She said she help us.
    4 I suppose you know that. - I supposed you that.
    2 I'm afraid they're lost. - I was afraid they lost.
    8 He says he was there. - He said he there.
    1 I think she is there. - I thought she there.

    Exercise 20

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    • Přeložte. Použijte nápovědu.

    8 Co ještě bych měl udělat?
    else
    2 Už jsi to poslal?
    yet
    6 Ještě jsem to nečetl.
    yet
    5 Neviděl jsem ho už měsíce.
    for months
    3 Právě jsem to dodělal.
    just
    7 To bude ještě dražší.
    even
    9 Dám si ještě jedno pivo.
    more
    4 Už odešli.
    already
    10 Zkus to ještě jednou.
    again; more
    1 Díváme se právě na film.
    just

    Exercise 21

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    • Doplňte překlady pomocí frázových sloves.

    3 Chtějí si užít (života). They want to it up.
    9 Vydržte chvilku. Hold a minute.
    11 Můžeme to odložit? Can we it off?
    10 Čti dál. on reading.
    14 (Dávej) pozor! Watch !
    12 Došel mi benzín. I've out of petrol.
    5 Musím se přihlásit v hotelu. I must in at the hotel.
    4 Řekni mu, ať se uklidní. Tell him to down.
    13 Vyrazíme brzy ráno. We'll out early.
    2 Měl by nechat kouření. He should up smoking.
    1 Už jsem zjistil, kolik to stojí. I've out how much it costs.
    8 Letadlo už odstartovalo. The plane has off.
    7 Mám pustit televizi? Shall I on the TV?
    6 Ceny domů vzrostly o... House prices up by ...

    Frázové sloveso go for má několik významů. Jeden z nejběžnějších je vybrat si nebo rozhodnout se pro. Např.: I'd go for this one. - Já bych si vybral tento. Ve významu platit pro... se užívá go for stejně jako sloveso apply to əˈplaɪˌtuː. Např.: That goes for you too., That applies to you too. - To platí i pro tebe. ap.

    Jaywalking ˈdʒeɪˌwɔːkɪŋ je neukázněné přecházení silnice. Termín jaywalker ˈdʒeɪˌwɔːkə je neukázněný chodec (přecházející na červenou, mimo přechod ap.).

    Exercise 23

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    • Vyberte správné slovo podle výkladu.

    2 When you get divorced/married/bored you become a husband and wife.
    1 When two people are not a couple any more, they break up/down/in.
    4 If you want to eat healthily, you should get/avoid/order junk food.
    7 When someone takes your things away, you are broken/robbed/stolen.
    8 When you give someone food, you say: Welcome/Cheers/Help yourself.
    11 When you've done something many times and you have no problem doing it, you are used to/addicted to/interested in it.
    6 When you get well again after being ill, you have tired/recovered/fainted.
    5 To get a driving licence, you must first make/get/pass a driving test.
    10 The part of a street used for walking is called the jaywalk/sidewalk/walker.
    9 An old person who doesn't work anymore is wrapped/retired/admitted.
    3 When a meeting is to take place later, it is put out/away/off.

    Obrat to hail a taxi znamená zastavit si taxi (mávnutím). Podobně se užívá fráze wave down a taxi (wave weɪv - mávnout, zamávat).

    Exercise 24

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    • Doplňte překlady.

    4 Mám (moc) rád italské jídlo. I'm of Italian food.
    3 To zní zajímavě. That interesting.
    6 Zvykl jsem si na to. I used to it.
    7 Nejezdím po městě autem. I don't drive the city.
    1 Zamilovala se do něho. She in love with him.
    14 Ať neodchází! Don't him go!
    9 Byla okradena dvěma muži. She by two men.
    11 Mám raději čaj než kávu. I tea to coffee.
    10 Bude to stát spoustu peněz. It'll cost a of money.
    13 Jeďte po této cestě. Go this road.
    2 Doufejme, že to vyjde. Let's hope it'll off.
    5 Nechám to na vás. I'll it up to you.
    12 Vyzvednu tě na letišti. I'll you up at the airport.
    8 Odjíždím v pátek ráno. I'm leaving Friday morning.

    Ať v rozkazu lze také někdy přeložit pomocí obratu make sure (that) (ujisti se/zajisti, že...) Např.: Make sure you don't lose it. - Ať to neztratíš., Make sure he doesn't break it. - Ať to nerozbije. ap.

    Exercise 25

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    • Přeložte. Použijte nápovědu.

    7 Nejsem z toho zrovna nadšený.
    crazy
    3 Pokud vím, tak tady není.
    as far as
    5 Co takhle si dát pivo?
    pint
    8 To by bylo skvělé!
    great
    6 Nechce se mi tam jít.
    feel like
    9 Změnil jsem názor.
    mind
    2 Dám vám vědět co nejdřív.
    as soon as
    14 To rád slyším.
    glad
    12 Neslyším vás.
    can
    4 To je ale překvapení!
    surprise
    13 To nevadí.
    mind
    1 Nevím, jak dlouho to potrvá.
    take
    10 Rádi bychom si objednali.
    order
    11 Platím já! (pití ap.)
    buy

    Pozor na slovo frekventovaný při překladu do angličtiny! Ve významu častý je to frequent. Chcete-li ale říct, že je něco často navštěvované nebo je zde velký provoz, užije se frequented frɪˈkwεntɪd. Např.: frequented road - frekventovaná silnice.

    Exercise 26

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    • Přeložte.

    8 Nesmíš to nikomu říct.
    18 Učím se anglicky už dva roky.
    12 Ještě nepřišel.
    13 Nechám to na vás.
    7 Nebudu moci přijít.
    19 Všechno nejlepší k narozeninám!
    14 Kdybych to měl, dal bych ti to.
    16 Bydlím tady už deset let.
    5 Nevěděl jsem o tom.
    15 Nikdy jsem v Londýně nebyl.
    17 Jak dlouho už tady čekáte?
    20 Hodně štěstí!
    10 Nemusíte platit.
    4 Co se děje?
    11 Musel jsem tam jít.
    1 Máte pravdu.
    3 Dlouho vás nezdržím.
    2 Mám zpoždění.
    9 Co ještě potřebujete?
    6 Postarám se o to.

    Sidewalk je americký termín. V Británii pro chodník užívají pavement ˈpeɪvmənt! V americké angličtině je ale pavement zpevněná vozovka (asfaltovaný povrch ap.).

    Připoutat se (v autě ap.) se hlavně v americké angličtině hovorově řekne buckle up ˈbʌkəlˌʌp. Např.: Buckle up! - Připoutej(te) se!

    Pozor! Slovo police se v angličtině chová jako podstatné jméno v množném čísle, tedy: The police are ..., The police have ... ap.! Např. The police are after him. - Jde po něm policie., Police say that ... - Policie říká, že...