Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Přeložte.

    10 Can you give me a lift?
    18 I've been taking driving lessons.
    14 We had the house built.
    2 I don't get it.
    15 Have you done it yet?
    13 Have we met (before)?
    19 I was fined for speeding.
    12 I'd love to, but I can't.
    16 I'll do it asap.
    8 He's to come too.
    7 He's known her for years.
    5 He has no sense of humour.
    17 I'm looking forward to that.
    9 What was I supposed to do?
    3 It's getting worse.
    4 They differ in many ways.
    11 I'll do my best.
    1 How've you been?
    6 It made him angry.

    Speeding spiːdɪŋ je překročení povolené rychlosti (speed - rychlost). Speeding ticket je pokuta za rychlost. Např.: He got a speeding ticket. - Dostal pokutu za rychlost.

    Exercise 2

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    • Poslechněte si nahrávku a určete, zda je tvrzení pravdivé (true), nebo nepravdivé (false).

    8 The number of yellow cabs in New York is about 13.5 thousand.
    2 John had an accident, but it wasn't his fault.
    4 Americans mostly buy cars made in the US.
    3 They usually don't leave a tip in British pubs.
    7 Some 5 million people travel on the tube every day in London.
    6 Both the British and Americans like to use trains.
    5 New Yorkers are known to walk a lot around the city.
    1 Bob was fined 400 dollars for driving too fast.

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte odpovídající výroky.

    • 1 I'll keep it on.
    • 2 I won't keep you long.
    • 3 He broke up with her.
    • 4 I'll find out.
    • 5 He made it up.
    • 6 I'll catch up with you.
    • 7 He's missing her.
    • 8 He was fired.
    • g Nezdržím tě dlouho.
    • g Zjistím to.
    • d Rozešel se s ní.
    • b Doženu vás.
    • f Vymyslel si to.
    • c Dostal vyhazov.
    • e Nechám si to na sobě.
    • a Chybí mu.

    Exercise 4

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    5 Did you get my e-mail? - Yes, but I haven't red/read/readed it yet.
    10 I usually go in/in/by car, but we met in/at/on the bus.
    4 He wasn't supposed to know. You couldn't/shouldn't/wouldn't have told him.
    2 How long will it ask/take/keep to get there? - About an hour.
    6 Could you take/get/pick me up at the airport tomorrow?
    3 Jane and Bob prepared it himself/themselves/ourselves.
    9 I'm sorry of/at/about that. I did it by/on/of mistake.
    7 Come out/on/at. Hurry up! We'll be late.
    8 They took in/off/out a loan to buy a car.
    1 Most from/of/in them didn't know.

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte členy, some nebo any, kde třeba.

    11 A boy from US met girl from Europe.
    4 I bought new car. - What did you do with old one?
    10 USA and Canada are almost same size.
    7 I had accident when driving to work this morning.
    14 I had busy day at work. I'm going to bed.
    9 Would you like more cake? - Yes. I haven't had yet.
    1 Is there place where we could have dinner?
    2 Are there other ways? I can't think of .
    8 I saw it on TV yesterday when I was watching news.
    13 Take meat out of bag and put it in fridge.
    12 He's American who makes lot of money.
    5 Have wine! - Thanks, I don't drink alcohol.
    3 Can you lend me money? - I don't have money.
    6 Can you give me hand? - I don't have time for that.

    Exercise 6

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    • Doplňte překlady vět.

    5 Doufám, že ne. I hope .
    14 Co tím myslíte? What do you by that?
    3 Je mi to jedno. I don't (about it).
    9 Neměl bys mu o tom říkat. You tell him.
    4 Budete muset počkat. You'll wait.
    1 Chystám se k odchodu. I'm to leave.
    6 Kolik peněz tam je? How money is there?
    12 Počkám, až přijde. I'll wait him to come.
    13 Bude to hotovo do pátku. It'll be finished Friday.
    10 Lepší by bylo počkat. It better to wait.
    11 To jídlo se může zkazit. The food may bad.
    2 Byli jsme okradeni. We were .
    8 Pokud vím... As as I know ...
    7 Kolikrát jsi to už viděl? How many have you seen it?

    Exercise 7

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    • Spojte související výroky.

    • 1 He had a house built ...
    • 2 I'll tell her about it ...
    • 3 I've been learning English ...
    • 4 I tried to call him ...
    • 5 We had to wait ...
    • 6 I'm really sorry about ...
    • 7 I had a car accident ...
    • 8 He was fined 500 dollars ...
    • e but he isn't answering the phone.
    • a for about two years now.
    • g until they came back.
    • c but he sold it soon after.
    • b what happened to her.
    • d but it wasn't my fault.
    • f which made him angry.
    • h although she shouldn't know.

    Exercise 8

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    11 I came at/across/about an interesting article.
    3 He's a year younger, but he's a head longer/taller/higher than me.
    2 What's up, man? Long time no sea/see/say. How've you been?
    8 I'm in a hurry. I must catch/reach/have the bus.
    5 Are you hungry? - Not right/really/hardly. But I'm thirsty.
    13 We didn't meet on/at/by chance. We agreed to meet/meeting/met.
    4 I'm trying! - I know but you must try stronger/harder/heavier!
    10 I sent it at/to/in his e-mail address at/on/by accident.
    9 There will be no meeting. It was called out/away/off.
    7 Don't give up. You must stay/keep/last trying.
    6 I'm feeling unwell. I'll have to see/meet/reach a doctor.
    12 I met her in/on/at the bus although I usually go on/in/by car.
    1 Are you looking forward to it? - Yes, I can't stay/afford/wait to see it.

    Předložka by také znamená kolem, vedle (o pohybu). Např.: A police car went by. - Kolem projelo policejní auto. Stop by je hovorově stavit se (za někým).

    Exercise 9

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    • Doplňte druhou větu tak, aby měla opačný význam.

    4 I threw it away. - I it.
    12 She calmed him down. - She made him .
    14 What time do you go to bed? - What time do you up?
    11 It's getting better. - It's getting .
    6 You can get there by car. - You have to there.
    10 I like both beer and wine. - I like beer wine.
    5 You must take off your glasses. - You must put your glasses.
    9 It cost at least 300. - It cost at 300.
    8 Don't bring him with you. - Feel to bring him with you.
    3 She needn't know about it. - She know about it.
    1 I have to work tomorrow. - I'm taking a day tomorrow.
    2 He's found a job. - He was .
    15 He does hardly any work. - He works really .
    13 They helped me do it. - I did it .
    7 The computer is still on. - The computer is .

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte správné tvary slovesa v nápovědě.

    7 They meet years ago and become friends.
    10 He be here a moment ago and he leave a message for you.
    2 I haven't see you for ages!
    5 The house was sell for 20.000.
    1 Where be you last night?
    3 I've bring some wine.
    4 He's speak to her.
    9 I give it to him and I think he keep it.
    8 He have an accident and was take to hospital.
    6 She was hit by a car.

    Slovo left znamená též zbylý. Užívá se hlavně ve spojení be left - zbýt, zbývat. Např.: There's nothing left. - Nic nezbylo., I don't have much money left. - Už mi nezbývá moc peněz. ap.

    Exercise 11

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    • Doplňte správnou předložku.

    12 Thank you so much. It's so nice you.
    1 Only one 20 Americans don't have a car.
    11 Do you have it you? - No, I left it work.
    6 Don't worry that. I'll take care it.
    3 I'm too tired. I can't go .
    8 They spend all their money food and clothes.
    5 We'll meet Christmas Eve at 7 p.m. my place.
    4 He'll be back ten minutes. You can wait him.
    9 Look these two. Is there any difference them?
    7 Who'll be looking the kids when she's gone?
    10 What disease did he die ? It's not known.
    2 I'll see you Monday 4 p.m.

    Američané často jako výraz díků říkají: I appreciate it. - Vážím si toho., Oceňuji to. (appreciate əˈpriːʃɪˌeɪt - oceňovat, vážit si)

    Exercise 12

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    • Utvořte otázky. Ptejte se na zvýrazněná slova.

    9 He drank five beers.
    2 I've been waiting for an hour.
    4 I told Bob and Jane about it.
    8 I haven't sent it yet.
    3 Nobody else knows about it.
    1 He left for work an hour ago.
    6 I've known her for 2 years.
    10 I've been learning English for a year.
    7 It cost me over 500 dollars.
    5 We'll spend the weekend at the seaside.

    Exercise 13

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    • Doplňte překlady vět pomocí trpného rodu.

    1 Ukradli mu auto. His car .
    5 Postavili 3 nové domy. Three new houses .
    7 Toto slovo se často neužívá. This word often.
    6 Tato auta se vyrábí v Japonsku. These cars in Japan.
    9 Vzali ho na vysokou. He to college.
    10 Ví se o něm, že je bohatý. He to be rich.
    12 Našli ji o týden později. She a week later.
    11 Viděli ji, jak odchází. She leaving.
    4 Srazilo je nákladní auto. They by a truck.
    8 Článek napsala dívka. The article by a girl.
    2 Bude povýšena. She'll .
    3 Mohli by ho vyhodit z práce. He could .

    I'm flattered. ˈflætəd nebo též I feel flattered. je česky Jsem polichocen.

    Exercise 14

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu tvary slovesa do nebo make.

    13 This dress me look fat.
    5 I'm running late. I won't it in time.
    8 I need to a phone call.
    10 Please your best. It's very important.
    11 He a lot of money last year.
    2 I've a big mistake.
    7 They a lot of damage when they broke in.
    3 Stop fun of me!
    12 I only have 20 dollars. Will it ?
    6 We can't without their help.
    15 it sense to you?
    1 Have you your homework?
    4 How did you at school? Were you a good student?
    14 He it to her angry.
    9 These photos me want to go on holiday.

    Exercise 15

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    • Doplňte odpovědi pomocí slovesa z otázky.

    4 When did they send it? - They it last night.
    1 Where did you go on holiday? - We to the seaside.
    8 Did you understand him? - I only a few words.
    5 How long did you spend there? - We a week there.
    2 When did he lose his job? - He his job last year.
    9 How did you feel when you found out? - I really bad.
    3 Did you get my message? - No, I no message.
    10 Did you write down his name? - No, I his number.
    6 How many times did you try it? - I it at least five times.
    7 Did you buy any wine? - No, I only food.

    Exercise 16

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    • Doplňte správnou předložku.

    1 Have you ever been the USA?
    3 I'm leaving Paris tomorrow.
    10 It was a secret meeting. They met closed doors.
    9 It looks you are having a great time.
    11 It's not for kids. You must be 18 years old to buy it.
    12 We'are all very sorry her death.
    2 We'll meet the airport.
    4 It's very hot. The temperature is 30 degrees.
    5 It's too hot inside. I'll wait the pub.
    8 She used to work a teacher.
    6 I got it Christmas a friend of mine.
    7 I'm tired listening to them. I'm leaving.

    Spojení feel sorry for se užívá, když někoho litujete, be sorry for hlavně při omluvě za svůj čin ap., ale be sorry about se užije o situaci či něčem, co nastalo. Např.: I felt sorry for him. - Bylo mi ho líto., I'm sorry for disturbing you. - Promiňte, že vás ruším. ALE I'm sorry about that. - To mě mrzí. Sorry se může vázat i s infinitivem. Např.: We're sorry to inform you ... - S politováním vám oznamujeme...

    Exercise 17

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    • Napište věty, které uslyšíte. Neužívejte stažené tvary. (Pište celými slovy.)

    9
    6
    2
    10
    5
    8
    7
    4
    3
    1

    Exercise 18

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    • Spojte výroky, které mají opačný význam.

    • 1 He's jobless.
    • 2 He made her angry.
    • 3 He's in good health.
    • 4 I'm enjoying it.
    • 5 He died there.
    • 6 I don't care about her.
    • 7 I have two siblings.
    • 8 I'm really hungry.
    • b I'm tired of it.
    • d I'm an only child.
    • a He's seriously ill.
    • h He was born there.
    • f He calmed her down.
    • g I'm crazy about her.
    • e He's employed.
    • c I've eaten.

    Exercise 19

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    • Doplňte větu posunutou do minulého času s užitím časové souslednosti.

    10 I know what he's going to do. - I knew what he going to do.
    4 I suppose you know that. - I supposed you that.
    5 I hope you'll come. - I hoped you come.
    6 She says she'll help us. - She said she help us.
    3 I'm sure they have it. - I was sure they it.
    9 I don't know who did it. - I didn't know who it.
    1 I think she is there. - I thought she there.
    7 I believe he forgot about it. - I believed he it.
    2 I'm afraid they're lost. - I was afraid they lost.
    8 He says he was there. - He said he there.

    Exercise 20

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    • Přeložte. Použijte nápovědu.

    6 Ještě jsem to nečetl.
    yet
    4 Už odešli.
    already
    7 To bude ještě dražší.
    even
    10 Zkus to ještě jednou.
    again; more
    2 Už jsi to poslal?
    yet
    9 Dám si ještě jedno pivo.
    more
    1 Díváme se právě na film.
    just
    5 Neviděl jsem ho už měsíce.
    for months
    8 Co ještě bych měl udělat?
    else
    3 Právě jsem to dodělal.
    just

    Exercise 21

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    • Doplňte překlady pomocí frázových sloves.

    9 Vydržte chvilku. Hold a minute.
    11 Můžeme to odložit? Can we it off?
    12 Došel mi benzín. I've out of petrol.
    4 Řekni mu, ať se uklidní. Tell him to down.
    13 Vyrazíme brzy ráno. We'll out early.
    5 Musím se přihlásit v hotelu. I must in at the hotel.
    7 Mám pustit televizi? Shall I on the TV?
    1 Už jsem zjistil, kolik to stojí. I've out how much it costs.
    10 Čti dál. on reading.
    8 Letadlo už odstartovalo. The plane has off.
    6 Ceny domů vzrostly o... House prices up by ...
    3 Chtějí si užít (života). They want to it up.
    14 (Dávej) pozor! Watch !
    2 Měl by nechat kouření. He should up smoking.

    Frázové sloveso go for má několik významů. Jeden z nejběžnějších je vybrat si nebo rozhodnout se pro. Např.: I'd go for this one. - Já bych si vybral tento. Ve významu platit pro... se užívá go for stejně jako sloveso apply to əˈplaɪˌtuː. Např.: That goes for you too., That applies to you too. - To platí i pro tebe. ap.

    Jaywalking ˈdʒeɪˌwɔːkɪŋ je neukázněné přecházení silnice. Termín jaywalker ˈdʒeɪˌwɔːkə je neukázněný chodec (přecházející na červenou, mimo přechod ap.).

    Exercise 23

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    • Vyberte správné slovo podle výkladu.

    4 If you want to eat healthily, you should get/avoid/order junk food.
    2 When you get divorced/married/bored you become a husband and wife.
    3 When a meeting is to take place later, it is put out/away/off.
    9 An old person who doesn't work anymore is wrapped/retired/admitted.
    7 When someone takes your things away, you are broken/robbed/stolen.
    8 When you give someone food, you say: Welcome/Cheers/Help yourself.
    10 The part of a street used for walking is called the jaywalk/sidewalk/walker.
    11 When you've done something many times and you have no problem doing it, you are used to/addicted to/interested in it.
    5 To get a driving licence, you must first make/get/pass a driving test.
    1 When two people are not a couple any more, they break up/down/in.
    6 When you get well again after being ill, you have tired/recovered/fainted.

    Obrat to hail a taxi znamená zastavit si taxi (mávnutím). Podobně se užívá fráze wave down a taxi (wave weɪv - mávnout, zamávat).

    Exercise 24

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    • Doplňte překlady.

    1 Zamilovala se do něho. She in love with him.
    9 Byla okradena dvěma muži. She by two men.
    2 Doufejme, že to vyjde. Let's hope it'll off.
    5 Nechám to na vás. I'll it up to you.
    6 Zvykl jsem si na to. I used to it.
    12 Vyzvednu tě na letišti. I'll you up at the airport.
    13 Jeďte po této cestě. Go this road.
    11 Mám raději čaj než kávu. I tea to coffee.
    8 Odjíždím v pátek ráno. I'm leaving Friday morning.
    10 Bude to stát spoustu peněz. It'll cost a of money.
    4 Mám (moc) rád italské jídlo. I'm of Italian food.
    3 To zní zajímavě. That interesting.
    7 Nejezdím po městě autem. I don't drive the city.
    14 Ať neodchází! Don't him go!

    Ať v rozkazu lze také někdy přeložit pomocí obratu make sure (that) (ujisti se/zajisti, že...) Např.: Make sure you don't lose it. - Ať to neztratíš., Make sure he doesn't break it. - Ať to nerozbije. ap.

    Exercise 25

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    • Přeložte. Použijte nápovědu.

    12 Neslyším vás.
    can
    9 Změnil jsem názor.
    mind
    5 Co takhle si dát pivo?
    pint
    11 Platím já! (pití ap.)
    buy
    10 Rádi bychom si objednali.
    order
    14 To rád slyším.
    glad
    8 To by bylo skvělé!
    great
    1 Nevím, jak dlouho to potrvá.
    take
    7 Nejsem z toho zrovna nadšený.
    crazy
    13 To nevadí.
    mind
    6 Nechce se mi tam jít.
    feel like
    2 Dám vám vědět co nejdřív.
    as soon as
    3 Pokud vím, tak tady není.
    as far as
    4 To je ale překvapení!
    surprise

    Pozor na slovo frekventovaný při překladu do angličtiny! Ve významu častý je to frequent. Chcete-li ale říct, že je něco často navštěvované nebo je zde velký provoz, užije se frequented frɪˈkwεntɪd. Např.: frequented road - frekventovaná silnice.

    Exercise 26

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    • Přeložte.

    1 Máte pravdu.
    13 Nechám to na vás.
    20 Hodně štěstí!
    12 Ještě nepřišel.
    19 Všechno nejlepší k narozeninám!
    6 Postarám se o to.
    10 Nemusíte platit.
    15 Nikdy jsem v Londýně nebyl.
    17 Jak dlouho už tady čekáte?
    11 Musel jsem tam jít.
    4 Co se děje?
    18 Učím se anglicky už dva roky.
    7 Nebudu moci přijít.
    3 Dlouho vás nezdržím.
    8 Nesmíš to nikomu říct.
    14 Kdybych to měl, dal bych ti to.
    5 Nevěděl jsem o tom.
    9 Co ještě potřebujete?
    2 Mám zpoždění.
    16 Bydlím tady už deset let.

    Sidewalk je americký termín. V Británii pro chodník užívají pavement ˈpeɪvmənt! V americké angličtině je ale pavement zpevněná vozovka (asfaltovaný povrch ap.).

    Připoutat se (v autě ap.) se hlavně v americké angličtině hovorově řekne buckle up ˈbʌkəlˌʌp. Např.: Buckle up! - Připoutej(te) se!

    Pozor! Slovo police se v angličtině chová jako podstatné jméno v množném čísle, tedy: The police are ..., The police have ... ap.! Např. The police are after him. - Jde po něm policie., Police say that ... - Policie říká, že...