Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Přeložte.

    10 Can you give me a lift?
    1 How've you been?
    12 I'd love to, but I can't.
    19 I was fined for speeding.
    15 Have you done it yet?
    17 I'm looking forward to that.
    4 They differ in many ways.
    18 I've been taking driving lessons.
    13 Have we met (before)?
    11 I'll do my best.
    14 We had the house built.
    8 He's to come too.
    16 I'll do it asap.
    6 It made him angry.
    5 He has no sense of humour.
    7 He's known her for years.
    2 I don't get it.
    9 What was I supposed to do?
    3 It's getting worse.

    Speeding spiːdɪŋ je překročení povolené rychlosti (speed - rychlost). Speeding ticket je pokuta za rychlost. Např.: He got a speeding ticket. - Dostal pokutu za rychlost.

    Exercise 2

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    • Poslechněte si nahrávku a určete, zda je tvrzení pravdivé (true), nebo nepravdivé (false).

    4 Americans mostly buy cars made in the US.
    7 Some 5 million people travel on the tube every day in London.
    3 They usually don't leave a tip in British pubs.
    8 The number of yellow cabs in New York is about 13.5 thousand.
    2 John had an accident, but it wasn't his fault.
    1 Bob was fined 400 dollars for driving too fast.
    5 New Yorkers are known to walk a lot around the city.
    6 Both the British and Americans like to use trains.

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte odpovídající výroky.

    • 1 I'll keep it on.
    • 2 I won't keep you long.
    • 3 He broke up with her.
    • 4 I'll find out.
    • 5 He made it up.
    • 6 I'll catch up with you.
    • 7 He's missing her.
    • 8 He was fired.
    • a Chybí mu.
    • d Rozešel se s ní.
    • b Doženu vás.
    • f Vymyslel si to.
    • g Nezdržím tě dlouho.
    • c Dostal vyhazov.
    • g Zjistím to.
    • e Nechám si to na sobě.

    Exercise 4

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    6 Could you take/get/pick me up at the airport tomorrow?
    7 Come out/on/at. Hurry up! We'll be late.
    2 How long will it ask/take/keep to get there? - About an hour.
    1 Most from/of/in them didn't know.
    4 He wasn't supposed to know. You couldn't/shouldn't/wouldn't have told him.
    3 Jane and Bob prepared it himself/themselves/ourselves.
    8 They took in/off/out a loan to buy a car.
    5 Did you get my e-mail? - Yes, but I haven't red/read/readed it yet.
    9 I'm sorry of/at/about that. I did it by/on/of mistake.
    10 I usually go in/in/by car, but we met in/at/on the bus.

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte členy, some nebo any, kde třeba.

    5 Have wine! - Thanks, I don't drink alcohol.
    3 Can you lend me money? - I don't have money.
    2 Are there other ways? I can't think of .
    7 I had accident when driving to work this morning.
    1 Is there place where we could have dinner?
    4 I bought new car. - What did you do with old one?
    13 Take meat out of bag and put it in fridge.
    9 Would you like more cake? - Yes. I haven't had yet.
    6 Can you give me hand? - I don't have time for that.
    10 USA and Canada are almost same size.
    11 A boy from US met girl from Europe.
    12 He's American who makes lot of money.
    8 I saw it on TV yesterday when I was watching news.
    14 I had busy day at work. I'm going to bed.

    Exercise 6

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    • Doplňte překlady vět.

    10 Lepší by bylo počkat. It better to wait.
    14 Co tím myslíte? What do you by that?
    1 Chystám se k odchodu. I'm to leave.
    3 Je mi to jedno. I don't (about it).
    4 Budete muset počkat. You'll wait.
    2 Byli jsme okradeni. We were .
    8 Pokud vím... As as I know ...
    11 To jídlo se může zkazit. The food may bad.
    13 Bude to hotovo do pátku. It'll be finished Friday.
    12 Počkám, až přijde. I'll wait him to come.
    9 Neměl bys mu o tom říkat. You tell him.
    6 Kolik peněz tam je? How money is there?
    7 Kolikrát jsi to už viděl? How many have you seen it?
    5 Doufám, že ne. I hope .

    Exercise 7

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    • Spojte související výroky.

    • 1 He had a house built ...
    • 2 I'll tell her about it ...
    • 3 I've been learning English ...
    • 4 I tried to call him ...
    • 5 We had to wait ...
    • 6 I'm really sorry about ...
    • 7 I had a car accident ...
    • 8 He was fined 500 dollars ...
    • e but he isn't answering the phone.
    • h although she shouldn't know.
    • d but it wasn't my fault.
    • a for about two years now.
    • c but he sold it soon after.
    • f which made him angry.
    • b what happened to her.
    • g until they came back.

    Exercise 8

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    13 We didn't meet on/at/by chance. We agreed to meet/meeting/met.
    5 Are you hungry? - Not right/really/hardly. But I'm thirsty.
    7 Don't give up. You must stay/keep/last trying.
    11 I came at/across/about an interesting article.
    9 There will be no meeting. It was called out/away/off.
    3 He's a year younger, but he's a head longer/taller/higher than me.
    6 I'm feeling unwell. I'll have to see/meet/reach a doctor.
    2 What's up, man? Long time no sea/see/say. How've you been?
    4 I'm trying! - I know but you must try stronger/harder/heavier!
    12 I met her in/on/at the bus although I usually go on/in/by car.
    8 I'm in a hurry. I must catch/reach/have the bus.
    1 Are you looking forward to it? - Yes, I can't stay/afford/wait to see it.
    10 I sent it at/to/in his e-mail address at/on/by accident.

    Předložka by také znamená kolem, vedle (o pohybu). Např.: A police car went by. - Kolem projelo policejní auto. Stop by je hovorově stavit se (za někým).

    Exercise 9

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    • Doplňte druhou větu tak, aby měla opačný význam.

    15 He does hardly any work. - He works really .
    10 I like both beer and wine. - I like beer wine.
    7 The computer is still on. - The computer is .
    9 It cost at least 300. - It cost at 300.
    6 You can get there by car. - You have to there.
    11 It's getting better. - It's getting .
    1 I have to work tomorrow. - I'm taking a day tomorrow.
    13 They helped me do it. - I did it .
    2 He's found a job. - He was .
    14 What time do you go to bed? - What time do you up?
    5 You must take off your glasses. - You must put your glasses.
    3 She needn't know about it. - She know about it.
    4 I threw it away. - I it.
    8 Don't bring him with you. - Feel to bring him with you.
    12 She calmed him down. - She made him .

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte správné tvary slovesa v nápovědě.

    9 I give it to him and I think he keep it.
    1 Where be you last night?
    5 The house was sell for 20.000.
    10 He be here a moment ago and he leave a message for you.
    7 They meet years ago and become friends.
    4 He's speak to her.
    6 She was hit by a car.
    8 He have an accident and was take to hospital.
    3 I've bring some wine.
    2 I haven't see you for ages!

    Slovo left znamená též zbylý. Užívá se hlavně ve spojení be left - zbýt, zbývat. Např.: There's nothing left. - Nic nezbylo., I don't have much money left. - Už mi nezbývá moc peněz. ap.

    Exercise 11

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    • Doplňte správnou předložku.

    4 He'll be back ten minutes. You can wait him.
    5 We'll meet Christmas Eve at 7 p.m. my place.
    3 I'm too tired. I can't go .
    2 I'll see you Monday 4 p.m.
    6 Don't worry that. I'll take care it.
    11 Do you have it you? - No, I left it work.
    9 Look these two. Is there any difference them?
    12 Thank you so much. It's so nice you.
    7 Who'll be looking the kids when she's gone?
    1 Only one 20 Americans don't have a car.
    8 They spend all their money food and clothes.
    10 What disease did he die ? It's not known.

    Američané často jako výraz díků říkají: I appreciate it. - Vážím si toho., Oceňuji to. (appreciate əˈpriːʃɪˌeɪt - oceňovat, vážit si)

    Exercise 12

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    • Utvořte otázky. Ptejte se na zvýrazněná slova.

    4 I told Bob and Jane about it.
    7 It cost me over 500 dollars.
    6 I've known her for 2 years.
    8 I haven't sent it yet.
    5 We'll spend the weekend at the seaside.
    3 Nobody else knows about it.
    10 I've been learning English for a year.
    1 He left for work an hour ago.
    9 He drank five beers.
    2 I've been waiting for an hour.

    Exercise 13

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    • Doplňte překlady vět pomocí trpného rodu.

    4 Srazilo je nákladní auto. They by a truck.
    9 Vzali ho na vysokou. He to college.
    12 Našli ji o týden později. She a week later.
    10 Ví se o něm, že je bohatý. He to be rich.
    2 Bude povýšena. She'll .
    8 Článek napsala dívka. The article by a girl.
    5 Postavili 3 nové domy. Three new houses .
    7 Toto slovo se často neužívá. This word often.
    1 Ukradli mu auto. His car .
    11 Viděli ji, jak odchází. She leaving.
    3 Mohli by ho vyhodit z práce. He could .
    6 Tato auta se vyrábí v Japonsku. These cars in Japan.

    I'm flattered. ˈflætəd nebo též I feel flattered. je česky Jsem polichocen.

    Exercise 14

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu tvary slovesa do nebo make.

    6 We can't without their help.
    5 I'm running late. I won't it in time.
    4 How did you at school? Were you a good student?
    15 it sense to you?
    8 I need to a phone call.
    12 I only have 20 dollars. Will it ?
    10 Please your best. It's very important.
    7 They a lot of damage when they broke in.
    14 He it to her angry.
    3 Stop fun of me!
    11 He a lot of money last year.
    13 This dress me look fat.
    1 Have you your homework?
    2 I've a big mistake.
    9 These photos me want to go on holiday.

    Exercise 15

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    • Doplňte odpovědi pomocí slovesa z otázky.

    1 Where did you go on holiday? - We to the seaside.
    7 Did you buy any wine? - No, I only food.
    10 Did you write down his name? - No, I his number.
    3 Did you get my message? - No, I no message.
    2 When did he lose his job? - He his job last year.
    5 How long did you spend there? - We a week there.
    4 When did they send it? - They it last night.
    6 How many times did you try it? - I it at least five times.
    9 How did you feel when you found out? - I really bad.
    8 Did you understand him? - I only a few words.

    Exercise 16

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    • Doplňte správnou předložku.

    8 She used to work a teacher.
    5 It's too hot inside. I'll wait the pub.
    4 It's very hot. The temperature is 30 degrees.
    6 I got it Christmas a friend of mine.
    11 It's not for kids. You must be 18 years old to buy it.
    12 We'are all very sorry her death.
    2 We'll meet the airport.
    7 I'm tired listening to them. I'm leaving.
    9 It looks you are having a great time.
    10 It was a secret meeting. They met closed doors.
    1 Have you ever been the USA?
    3 I'm leaving Paris tomorrow.

    Spojení feel sorry for se užívá, když někoho litujete, be sorry for hlavně při omluvě za svůj čin ap., ale be sorry about se užije o situaci či něčem, co nastalo. Např.: I felt sorry for him. - Bylo mi ho líto., I'm sorry for disturbing you. - Promiňte, že vás ruším. ALE I'm sorry about that. - To mě mrzí. Sorry se může vázat i s infinitivem. Např.: We're sorry to inform you ... - S politováním vám oznamujeme...

    Exercise 17

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    • Napište věty, které uslyšíte. Neužívejte stažené tvary. (Pište celými slovy.)

    1
    9
    3
    5
    7
    6
    8
    4
    10
    2

    Exercise 18

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    • Spojte výroky, které mají opačný význam.

    • 1 He's jobless.
    • 2 He made her angry.
    • 3 He's in good health.
    • 4 I'm enjoying it.
    • 5 He died there.
    • 6 I don't care about her.
    • 7 I have two siblings.
    • 8 I'm really hungry.
    • d I'm an only child.
    • h He was born there.
    • f He calmed her down.
    • a He's seriously ill.
    • g I'm crazy about her.
    • e He's employed.
    • c I've eaten.
    • b I'm tired of it.

    Exercise 19

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    • Doplňte větu posunutou do minulého času s užitím časové souslednosti.

    9 I don't know who did it. - I didn't know who it.
    10 I know what he's going to do. - I knew what he going to do.
    8 He says he was there. - He said he there.
    3 I'm sure they have it. - I was sure they it.
    4 I suppose you know that. - I supposed you that.
    2 I'm afraid they're lost. - I was afraid they lost.
    1 I think she is there. - I thought she there.
    5 I hope you'll come. - I hoped you come.
    6 She says she'll help us. - She said she help us.
    7 I believe he forgot about it. - I believed he it.

    Exercise 20

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    • Přeložte. Použijte nápovědu.

    1 Díváme se právě na film.
    just
    3 Právě jsem to dodělal.
    just
    4 Už odešli.
    already
    10 Zkus to ještě jednou.
    again; more
    6 Ještě jsem to nečetl.
    yet
    2 Už jsi to poslal?
    yet
    5 Neviděl jsem ho už měsíce.
    for months
    8 Co ještě bych měl udělat?
    else
    7 To bude ještě dražší.
    even
    9 Dám si ještě jedno pivo.
    more

    Exercise 21

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    • Doplňte překlady pomocí frázových sloves.

    14 (Dávej) pozor! Watch !
    10 Čti dál. on reading.
    2 Měl by nechat kouření. He should up smoking.
    5 Musím se přihlásit v hotelu. I must in at the hotel.
    1 Už jsem zjistil, kolik to stojí. I've out how much it costs.
    8 Letadlo už odstartovalo. The plane has off.
    6 Ceny domů vzrostly o... House prices up by ...
    4 Řekni mu, ať se uklidní. Tell him to down.
    9 Vydržte chvilku. Hold a minute.
    11 Můžeme to odložit? Can we it off?
    7 Mám pustit televizi? Shall I on the TV?
    13 Vyrazíme brzy ráno. We'll out early.
    3 Chtějí si užít (života). They want to it up.
    12 Došel mi benzín. I've out of petrol.

    Frázové sloveso go for má několik významů. Jeden z nejběžnějších je vybrat si nebo rozhodnout se pro. Např.: I'd go for this one. - Já bych si vybral tento. Ve významu platit pro... se užívá go for stejně jako sloveso apply to əˈplaɪˌtuː. Např.: That goes for you too., That applies to you too. - To platí i pro tebe. ap.

    Jaywalking ˈdʒeɪˌwɔːkɪŋ je neukázněné přecházení silnice. Termín jaywalker ˈdʒeɪˌwɔːkə je neukázněný chodec (přecházející na červenou, mimo přechod ap.).

    Exercise 23

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    • Vyberte správné slovo podle výkladu.

    9 An old person who doesn't work anymore is wrapped/retired/admitted.
    6 When you get well again after being ill, you have tired/recovered/fainted.
    4 If you want to eat healthily, you should get/avoid/order junk food.
    8 When you give someone food, you say: Welcome/Cheers/Help yourself.
    11 When you've done something many times and you have no problem doing it, you are used to/addicted to/interested in it.
    10 The part of a street used for walking is called the jaywalk/sidewalk/walker.
    7 When someone takes your things away, you are broken/robbed/stolen.
    2 When you get divorced/married/bored you become a husband and wife.
    3 When a meeting is to take place later, it is put out/away/off.
    5 To get a driving licence, you must first make/get/pass a driving test.
    1 When two people are not a couple any more, they break up/down/in.

    Obrat to hail a taxi znamená zastavit si taxi (mávnutím). Podobně se užívá fráze wave down a taxi (wave weɪv - mávnout, zamávat).

    Exercise 24

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    • Doplňte překlady.

    10 Bude to stát spoustu peněz. It'll cost a of money.
    6 Zvykl jsem si na to. I used to it.
    13 Jeďte po této cestě. Go this road.
    12 Vyzvednu tě na letišti. I'll you up at the airport.
    11 Mám raději čaj než kávu. I tea to coffee.
    14 Ať neodchází! Don't him go!
    4 Mám (moc) rád italské jídlo. I'm of Italian food.
    8 Odjíždím v pátek ráno. I'm leaving Friday morning.
    5 Nechám to na vás. I'll it up to you.
    9 Byla okradena dvěma muži. She by two men.
    3 To zní zajímavě. That interesting.
    1 Zamilovala se do něho. She in love with him.
    7 Nejezdím po městě autem. I don't drive the city.
    2 Doufejme, že to vyjde. Let's hope it'll off.

    Ať v rozkazu lze také někdy přeložit pomocí obratu make sure (that) (ujisti se/zajisti, že...) Např.: Make sure you don't lose it. - Ať to neztratíš., Make sure he doesn't break it. - Ať to nerozbije. ap.

    Exercise 25

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    • Přeložte. Použijte nápovědu.

    5 Co takhle si dát pivo?
    pint
    4 To je ale překvapení!
    surprise
    1 Nevím, jak dlouho to potrvá.
    take
    13 To nevadí.
    mind
    12 Neslyším vás.
    can
    2 Dám vám vědět co nejdřív.
    as soon as
    3 Pokud vím, tak tady není.
    as far as
    10 Rádi bychom si objednali.
    order
    8 To by bylo skvělé!
    great
    14 To rád slyším.
    glad
    9 Změnil jsem názor.
    mind
    6 Nechce se mi tam jít.
    feel like
    7 Nejsem z toho zrovna nadšený.
    crazy
    11 Platím já! (pití ap.)
    buy

    Pozor na slovo frekventovaný při překladu do angličtiny! Ve významu častý je to frequent. Chcete-li ale říct, že je něco často navštěvované nebo je zde velký provoz, užije se frequented frɪˈkwεntɪd. Např.: frequented road - frekventovaná silnice.

    Exercise 26

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    • Přeložte.

    3 Dlouho vás nezdržím.
    11 Musel jsem tam jít.
    7 Nebudu moci přijít.
    16 Bydlím tady už deset let.
    17 Jak dlouho už tady čekáte?
    20 Hodně štěstí!
    15 Nikdy jsem v Londýně nebyl.
    9 Co ještě potřebujete?
    1 Máte pravdu.
    14 Kdybych to měl, dal bych ti to.
    18 Učím se anglicky už dva roky.
    19 Všechno nejlepší k narozeninám!
    5 Nevěděl jsem o tom.
    6 Postarám se o to.
    10 Nemusíte platit.
    12 Ještě nepřišel.
    4 Co se děje?
    2 Mám zpoždění.
    13 Nechám to na vás.
    8 Nesmíš to nikomu říct.

    Sidewalk je americký termín. V Británii pro chodník užívají pavement ˈpeɪvmənt! V americké angličtině je ale pavement zpevněná vozovka (asfaltovaný povrch ap.).

    Připoutat se (v autě ap.) se hlavně v americké angličtině hovorově řekne buckle up ˈbʌkəlˌʌp. Např.: Buckle up! - Připoutej(te) se!

    Pozor! Slovo police se v angličtině chová jako podstatné jméno v množném čísle, tedy: The police are ..., The police have ... ap.! Např. The police are after him. - Jde po něm policie., Police say that ... - Policie říká, že...