Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Přeložte.

    17 I'm looking forward to that.
    8 He's to come too.
    14 We had the house built.
    10 Can you give me a lift?
    19 I was fined for speeding.
    16 I'll do it asap.
    3 It's getting worse.
    9 What was I supposed to do?
    2 I don't get it.
    13 Have we met (before)?
    5 He has no sense of humour.
    7 He's known her for years.
    18 I've been taking driving lessons.
    6 It made him angry.
    11 I'll do my best.
    1 How've you been?
    15 Have you done it yet?
    4 They differ in many ways.
    12 I'd love to, but I can't.

    Speeding spiːdɪŋ je překročení povolené rychlosti (speed - rychlost). Speeding ticket je pokuta za rychlost. Např.: He got a speeding ticket. - Dostal pokutu za rychlost.

    Exercise 2

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    • Poslechněte si nahrávku a určete, zda je tvrzení pravdivé (true), nebo nepravdivé (false).

    1 Bob was fined 400 dollars for driving too fast.
    8 The number of yellow cabs in New York is about 13.5 thousand.
    3 They usually don't leave a tip in British pubs.
    7 Some 5 million people travel on the tube every day in London.
    4 Americans mostly buy cars made in the US.
    5 New Yorkers are known to walk a lot around the city.
    6 Both the British and Americans like to use trains.
    2 John had an accident, but it wasn't his fault.

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte odpovídající výroky.

    • 1 I'll keep it on.
    • 2 I won't keep you long.
    • 3 He broke up with her.
    • 4 I'll find out.
    • 5 He made it up.
    • 6 I'll catch up with you.
    • 7 He's missing her.
    • 8 He was fired.
    • f Vymyslel si to.
    • g Nezdržím tě dlouho.
    • d Rozešel se s ní.
    • c Dostal vyhazov.
    • a Chybí mu.
    • g Zjistím to.
    • b Doženu vás.
    • e Nechám si to na sobě.

    Exercise 4

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    3 Jane and Bob prepared it himself/themselves/ourselves.
    2 How long will it ask/take/keep to get there? - About an hour.
    1 Most from/of/in them didn't know.
    7 Come out/on/at. Hurry up! We'll be late.
    8 They took in/off/out a loan to buy a car.
    10 I usually go in/in/by car, but we met in/at/on the bus.
    6 Could you take/get/pick me up at the airport tomorrow?
    4 He wasn't supposed to know. You couldn't/shouldn't/wouldn't have told him.
    5 Did you get my e-mail? - Yes, but I haven't red/read/readed it yet.
    9 I'm sorry of/at/about that. I did it by/on/of mistake.

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte členy, some nebo any, kde třeba.

    14 I had busy day at work. I'm going to bed.
    4 I bought new car. - What did you do with old one?
    6 Can you give me hand? - I don't have time for that.
    7 I had accident when driving to work this morning.
    13 Take meat out of bag and put it in fridge.
    3 Can you lend me money? - I don't have money.
    1 Is there place where we could have dinner?
    9 Would you like more cake? - Yes. I haven't had yet.
    12 He's American who makes lot of money.
    5 Have wine! - Thanks, I don't drink alcohol.
    10 USA and Canada are almost same size.
    2 Are there other ways? I can't think of .
    8 I saw it on TV yesterday when I was watching news.
    11 A boy from US met girl from Europe.

    Exercise 6

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    • Doplňte překlady vět.

    14 Co tím myslíte? What do you by that?
    10 Lepší by bylo počkat. It better to wait.
    11 To jídlo se může zkazit. The food may bad.
    9 Neměl bys mu o tom říkat. You tell him.
    8 Pokud vím... As as I know ...
    1 Chystám se k odchodu. I'm to leave.
    12 Počkám, až přijde. I'll wait him to come.
    13 Bude to hotovo do pátku. It'll be finished Friday.
    3 Je mi to jedno. I don't (about it).
    4 Budete muset počkat. You'll wait.
    2 Byli jsme okradeni. We were .
    7 Kolikrát jsi to už viděl? How many have you seen it?
    5 Doufám, že ne. I hope .
    6 Kolik peněz tam je? How money is there?

    Exercise 7

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    • Spojte související výroky.

    • 1 He had a house built ...
    • 2 I'll tell her about it ...
    • 3 I've been learning English ...
    • 4 I tried to call him ...
    • 5 We had to wait ...
    • 6 I'm really sorry about ...
    • 7 I had a car accident ...
    • 8 He was fined 500 dollars ...
    • e but he isn't answering the phone.
    • f which made him angry.
    • c but he sold it soon after.
    • a for about two years now.
    • h although she shouldn't know.
    • b what happened to her.
    • g until they came back.
    • d but it wasn't my fault.

    Exercise 8

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    10 I sent it at/to/in his e-mail address at/on/by accident.
    8 I'm in a hurry. I must catch/reach/have the bus.
    6 I'm feeling unwell. I'll have to see/meet/reach a doctor.
    2 What's up, man? Long time no sea/see/say. How've you been?
    4 I'm trying! - I know but you must try stronger/harder/heavier!
    9 There will be no meeting. It was called out/away/off.
    5 Are you hungry? - Not right/really/hardly. But I'm thirsty.
    11 I came at/across/about an interesting article.
    13 We didn't meet on/at/by chance. We agreed to meet/meeting/met.
    3 He's a year younger, but he's a head longer/taller/higher than me.
    12 I met her in/on/at the bus although I usually go on/in/by car.
    7 Don't give up. You must stay/keep/last trying.
    1 Are you looking forward to it? - Yes, I can't stay/afford/wait to see it.

    Předložka by také znamená kolem, vedle (o pohybu). Např.: A police car went by. - Kolem projelo policejní auto. Stop by je hovorově stavit se (za někým).

    Exercise 9

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    • Doplňte druhou větu tak, aby měla opačný význam.

    12 She calmed him down. - She made him .
    2 He's found a job. - He was .
    1 I have to work tomorrow. - I'm taking a day tomorrow.
    8 Don't bring him with you. - Feel to bring him with you.
    9 It cost at least 300. - It cost at 300.
    5 You must take off your glasses. - You must put your glasses.
    10 I like both beer and wine. - I like beer wine.
    15 He does hardly any work. - He works really .
    7 The computer is still on. - The computer is .
    11 It's getting better. - It's getting .
    3 She needn't know about it. - She know about it.
    14 What time do you go to bed? - What time do you up?
    6 You can get there by car. - You have to there.
    4 I threw it away. - I it.
    13 They helped me do it. - I did it .

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte správné tvary slovesa v nápovědě.

    1 Where be you last night?
    3 I've bring some wine.
    6 She was hit by a car.
    2 I haven't see you for ages!
    4 He's speak to her.
    9 I give it to him and I think he keep it.
    7 They meet years ago and become friends.
    8 He have an accident and was take to hospital.
    10 He be here a moment ago and he leave a message for you.
    5 The house was sell for 20.000.

    Slovo left znamená též zbylý. Užívá se hlavně ve spojení be left - zbýt, zbývat. Např.: There's nothing left. - Nic nezbylo., I don't have much money left. - Už mi nezbývá moc peněz. ap.

    Exercise 11

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    • Doplňte správnou předložku.

    9 Look these two. Is there any difference them?
    5 We'll meet Christmas Eve at 7 p.m. my place.
    2 I'll see you Monday 4 p.m.
    10 What disease did he die ? It's not known.
    12 Thank you so much. It's so nice you.
    4 He'll be back ten minutes. You can wait him.
    1 Only one 20 Americans don't have a car.
    11 Do you have it you? - No, I left it work.
    7 Who'll be looking the kids when she's gone?
    3 I'm too tired. I can't go .
    6 Don't worry that. I'll take care it.
    8 They spend all their money food and clothes.

    Američané často jako výraz díků říkají: I appreciate it. - Vážím si toho., Oceňuji to. (appreciate əˈpriːʃɪˌeɪt - oceňovat, vážit si)

    Exercise 12

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    • Utvořte otázky. Ptejte se na zvýrazněná slova.

    6 I've known her for 2 years.
    4 I told Bob and Jane about it.
    1 He left for work an hour ago.
    8 I haven't sent it yet.
    5 We'll spend the weekend at the seaside.
    10 I've been learning English for a year.
    7 It cost me over 500 dollars.
    9 He drank five beers.
    3 Nobody else knows about it.
    2 I've been waiting for an hour.

    Exercise 13

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    • Doplňte překlady vět pomocí trpného rodu.

    12 Našli ji o týden později. She a week later.
    11 Viděli ji, jak odchází. She leaving.
    10 Ví se o něm, že je bohatý. He to be rich.
    3 Mohli by ho vyhodit z práce. He could .
    7 Toto slovo se často neužívá. This word often.
    1 Ukradli mu auto. His car .
    5 Postavili 3 nové domy. Three new houses .
    4 Srazilo je nákladní auto. They by a truck.
    9 Vzali ho na vysokou. He to college.
    8 Článek napsala dívka. The article by a girl.
    6 Tato auta se vyrábí v Japonsku. These cars in Japan.
    2 Bude povýšena. She'll .

    I'm flattered. ˈflætəd nebo též I feel flattered. je česky Jsem polichocen.

    Exercise 14

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu tvary slovesa do nebo make.

    3 Stop fun of me!
    2 I've a big mistake.
    10 Please your best. It's very important.
    7 They a lot of damage when they broke in.
    5 I'm running late. I won't it in time.
    4 How did you at school? Were you a good student?
    6 We can't without their help.
    14 He it to her angry.
    1 Have you your homework?
    12 I only have 20 dollars. Will it ?
    9 These photos me want to go on holiday.
    11 He a lot of money last year.
    8 I need to a phone call.
    13 This dress me look fat.
    15 it sense to you?

    Exercise 15

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    • Doplňte odpovědi pomocí slovesa z otázky.

    6 How many times did you try it? - I it at least five times.
    5 How long did you spend there? - We a week there.
    2 When did he lose his job? - He his job last year.
    4 When did they send it? - They it last night.
    9 How did you feel when you found out? - I really bad.
    10 Did you write down his name? - No, I his number.
    3 Did you get my message? - No, I no message.
    8 Did you understand him? - I only a few words.
    1 Where did you go on holiday? - We to the seaside.
    7 Did you buy any wine? - No, I only food.

    Exercise 16

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    • Doplňte správnou předložku.

    7 I'm tired listening to them. I'm leaving.
    1 Have you ever been the USA?
    10 It was a secret meeting. They met closed doors.
    9 It looks you are having a great time.
    11 It's not for kids. You must be 18 years old to buy it.
    4 It's very hot. The temperature is 30 degrees.
    12 We'are all very sorry her death.
    3 I'm leaving Paris tomorrow.
    6 I got it Christmas a friend of mine.
    8 She used to work a teacher.
    5 It's too hot inside. I'll wait the pub.
    2 We'll meet the airport.

    Spojení feel sorry for se užívá, když někoho litujete, be sorry for hlavně při omluvě za svůj čin ap., ale be sorry about se užije o situaci či něčem, co nastalo. Např.: I felt sorry for him. - Bylo mi ho líto., I'm sorry for disturbing you. - Promiňte, že vás ruším. ALE I'm sorry about that. - To mě mrzí. Sorry se může vázat i s infinitivem. Např.: We're sorry to inform you ... - S politováním vám oznamujeme...

    Exercise 17

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    • Napište věty, které uslyšíte. Neužívejte stažené tvary. (Pište celými slovy.)

    4
    9
    3
    1
    6
    10
    7
    2
    5
    8

    Exercise 18

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    • Spojte výroky, které mají opačný význam.

    • 1 He's jobless.
    • 2 He made her angry.
    • 3 He's in good health.
    • 4 I'm enjoying it.
    • 5 He died there.
    • 6 I don't care about her.
    • 7 I have two siblings.
    • 8 I'm really hungry.
    • c I've eaten.
    • d I'm an only child.
    • g I'm crazy about her.
    • a He's seriously ill.
    • e He's employed.
    • h He was born there.
    • f He calmed her down.
    • b I'm tired of it.

    Exercise 19

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    • Doplňte větu posunutou do minulého času s užitím časové souslednosti.

    6 She says she'll help us. - She said she help us.
    9 I don't know who did it. - I didn't know who it.
    1 I think she is there. - I thought she there.
    5 I hope you'll come. - I hoped you come.
    10 I know what he's going to do. - I knew what he going to do.
    3 I'm sure they have it. - I was sure they it.
    7 I believe he forgot about it. - I believed he it.
    2 I'm afraid they're lost. - I was afraid they lost.
    4 I suppose you know that. - I supposed you that.
    8 He says he was there. - He said he there.

    Exercise 20

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    • Přeložte. Použijte nápovědu.

    1 Díváme se právě na film.
    just
    7 To bude ještě dražší.
    even
    5 Neviděl jsem ho už měsíce.
    for months
    3 Právě jsem to dodělal.
    just
    2 Už jsi to poslal?
    yet
    4 Už odešli.
    already
    9 Dám si ještě jedno pivo.
    more
    8 Co ještě bych měl udělat?
    else
    6 Ještě jsem to nečetl.
    yet
    10 Zkus to ještě jednou.
    again; more

    Exercise 21

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    • Doplňte překlady pomocí frázových sloves.

    12 Došel mi benzín. I've out of petrol.
    14 (Dávej) pozor! Watch !
    2 Měl by nechat kouření. He should up smoking.
    3 Chtějí si užít (života). They want to it up.
    4 Řekni mu, ať se uklidní. Tell him to down.
    10 Čti dál. on reading.
    7 Mám pustit televizi? Shall I on the TV?
    8 Letadlo už odstartovalo. The plane has off.
    9 Vydržte chvilku. Hold a minute.
    11 Můžeme to odložit? Can we it off?
    1 Už jsem zjistil, kolik to stojí. I've out how much it costs.
    13 Vyrazíme brzy ráno. We'll out early.
    6 Ceny domů vzrostly o... House prices up by ...
    5 Musím se přihlásit v hotelu. I must in at the hotel.

    Frázové sloveso go for má několik významů. Jeden z nejběžnějších je vybrat si nebo rozhodnout se pro. Např.: I'd go for this one. - Já bych si vybral tento. Ve významu platit pro... se užívá go for stejně jako sloveso apply to əˈplaɪˌtuː. Např.: That goes for you too., That applies to you too. - To platí i pro tebe. ap.

    Jaywalking ˈdʒeɪˌwɔːkɪŋ je neukázněné přecházení silnice. Termín jaywalker ˈdʒeɪˌwɔːkə je neukázněný chodec (přecházející na červenou, mimo přechod ap.).

    Exercise 23

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    • Vyberte správné slovo podle výkladu.

    6 When you get well again after being ill, you have tired/recovered/fainted.
    4 If you want to eat healthily, you should get/avoid/order junk food.
    1 When two people are not a couple any more, they break up/down/in.
    9 An old person who doesn't work anymore is wrapped/retired/admitted.
    8 When you give someone food, you say: Welcome/Cheers/Help yourself.
    2 When you get divorced/married/bored you become a husband and wife.
    10 The part of a street used for walking is called the jaywalk/sidewalk/walker.
    11 When you've done something many times and you have no problem doing it, you are used to/addicted to/interested in it.
    3 When a meeting is to take place later, it is put out/away/off.
    7 When someone takes your things away, you are broken/robbed/stolen.
    5 To get a driving licence, you must first make/get/pass a driving test.

    Obrat to hail a taxi znamená zastavit si taxi (mávnutím). Podobně se užívá fráze wave down a taxi (wave weɪv - mávnout, zamávat).

    Exercise 24

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    • Doplňte překlady.

    10 Bude to stát spoustu peněz. It'll cost a of money.
    1 Zamilovala se do něho. She in love with him.
    14 Ať neodchází! Don't him go!
    13 Jeďte po této cestě. Go this road.
    6 Zvykl jsem si na to. I used to it.
    8 Odjíždím v pátek ráno. I'm leaving Friday morning.
    5 Nechám to na vás. I'll it up to you.
    12 Vyzvednu tě na letišti. I'll you up at the airport.
    3 To zní zajímavě. That interesting.
    4 Mám (moc) rád italské jídlo. I'm of Italian food.
    2 Doufejme, že to vyjde. Let's hope it'll off.
    7 Nejezdím po městě autem. I don't drive the city.
    9 Byla okradena dvěma muži. She by two men.
    11 Mám raději čaj než kávu. I tea to coffee.

    Ať v rozkazu lze také někdy přeložit pomocí obratu make sure (that) (ujisti se/zajisti, že...) Např.: Make sure you don't lose it. - Ať to neztratíš., Make sure he doesn't break it. - Ať to nerozbije. ap.

    Exercise 25

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    • Přeložte. Použijte nápovědu.

    10 Rádi bychom si objednali.
    order
    5 Co takhle si dát pivo?
    pint
    2 Dám vám vědět co nejdřív.
    as soon as
    9 Změnil jsem názor.
    mind
    8 To by bylo skvělé!
    great
    6 Nechce se mi tam jít.
    feel like
    12 Neslyším vás.
    can
    14 To rád slyším.
    glad
    7 Nejsem z toho zrovna nadšený.
    crazy
    4 To je ale překvapení!
    surprise
    11 Platím já! (pití ap.)
    buy
    3 Pokud vím, tak tady není.
    as far as
    13 To nevadí.
    mind
    1 Nevím, jak dlouho to potrvá.
    take

    Pozor na slovo frekventovaný při překladu do angličtiny! Ve významu častý je to frequent. Chcete-li ale říct, že je něco často navštěvované nebo je zde velký provoz, užije se frequented frɪˈkwεntɪd. Např.: frequented road - frekventovaná silnice.

    Exercise 26

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    • Přeložte.

    14 Kdybych to měl, dal bych ti to.
    13 Nechám to na vás.
    12 Ještě nepřišel.
    3 Dlouho vás nezdržím.
    8 Nesmíš to nikomu říct.
    2 Mám zpoždění.
    18 Učím se anglicky už dva roky.
    5 Nevěděl jsem o tom.
    6 Postarám se o to.
    10 Nemusíte platit.
    1 Máte pravdu.
    11 Musel jsem tam jít.
    20 Hodně štěstí!
    7 Nebudu moci přijít.
    19 Všechno nejlepší k narozeninám!
    4 Co se děje?
    9 Co ještě potřebujete?
    16 Bydlím tady už deset let.
    17 Jak dlouho už tady čekáte?
    15 Nikdy jsem v Londýně nebyl.

    Sidewalk je americký termín. V Británii pro chodník užívají pavement ˈpeɪvmənt! V americké angličtině je ale pavement zpevněná vozovka (asfaltovaný povrch ap.).

    Připoutat se (v autě ap.) se hlavně v americké angličtině hovorově řekne buckle up ˈbʌkəlˌʌp. Např.: Buckle up! - Připoutej(te) se!

    Pozor! Slovo police se v angličtině chová jako podstatné jméno v množném čísle, tedy: The police are ..., The police have ... ap.! Např. The police are after him. - Jde po něm policie., Police say that ... - Policie říká, že...