Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Přeložte.

    5 He has no sense of humour.
    1 How've you been?
    6 It made him angry.
    2 I don't get it.
    13 Have we met (before)?
    17 I'm looking forward to that.
    14 We had the house built.
    18 I've been taking driving lessons.
    4 They differ in many ways.
    7 He's known her for years.
    9 What was I supposed to do?
    8 He's to come too.
    3 It's getting worse.
    16 I'll do it asap.
    11 I'll do my best.
    10 Can you give me a lift?
    12 I'd love to, but I can't.
    15 Have you done it yet?
    19 I was fined for speeding.

    Speeding spiːdɪŋ je překročení povolené rychlosti (speed - rychlost). Speeding ticket je pokuta za rychlost. Např.: He got a speeding ticket. - Dostal pokutu za rychlost.

    Exercise 2

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    • Poslechněte si nahrávku a určete, zda je tvrzení pravdivé (true), nebo nepravdivé (false).

    7 Some 5 million people travel on the tube every day in London.
    3 They usually don't leave a tip in British pubs.
    5 New Yorkers are known to walk a lot around the city.
    6 Both the British and Americans like to use trains.
    1 Bob was fined 400 dollars for driving too fast.
    2 John had an accident, but it wasn't his fault.
    8 The number of yellow cabs in New York is about 13.5 thousand.
    4 Americans mostly buy cars made in the US.

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte odpovídající výroky.

    • 1 I'll keep it on.
    • 2 I won't keep you long.
    • 3 He broke up with her.
    • 4 I'll find out.
    • 5 He made it up.
    • 6 I'll catch up with you.
    • 7 He's missing her.
    • 8 He was fired.
    • g Nezdržím tě dlouho.
    • b Doženu vás.
    • c Dostal vyhazov.
    • e Nechám si to na sobě.
    • g Zjistím to.
    • a Chybí mu.
    • d Rozešel se s ní.
    • f Vymyslel si to.

    Exercise 4

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    3 Jane and Bob prepared it himself/themselves/ourselves.
    7 Come out/on/at. Hurry up! We'll be late.
    9 I'm sorry of/at/about that. I did it by/on/of mistake.
    1 Most from/of/in them didn't know.
    2 How long will it ask/take/keep to get there? - About an hour.
    4 He wasn't supposed to know. You couldn't/shouldn't/wouldn't have told him.
    10 I usually go in/in/by car, but we met in/at/on the bus.
    5 Did you get my e-mail? - Yes, but I haven't red/read/readed it yet.
    6 Could you take/get/pick me up at the airport tomorrow?
    8 They took in/off/out a loan to buy a car.

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte členy, some nebo any, kde třeba.

    12 He's American who makes lot of money.
    10 USA and Canada are almost same size.
    3 Can you lend me money? - I don't have money.
    5 Have wine! - Thanks, I don't drink alcohol.
    4 I bought new car. - What did you do with old one?
    14 I had busy day at work. I'm going to bed.
    1 Is there place where we could have dinner?
    11 A boy from US met girl from Europe.
    6 Can you give me hand? - I don't have time for that.
    13 Take meat out of bag and put it in fridge.
    9 Would you like more cake? - Yes. I haven't had yet.
    2 Are there other ways? I can't think of .
    8 I saw it on TV yesterday when I was watching news.
    7 I had accident when driving to work this morning.

    Exercise 6

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    • Doplňte překlady vět.

    12 Počkám, až přijde. I'll wait him to come.
    5 Doufám, že ne. I hope .
    13 Bude to hotovo do pátku. It'll be finished Friday.
    2 Byli jsme okradeni. We were .
    6 Kolik peněz tam je? How money is there?
    10 Lepší by bylo počkat. It better to wait.
    14 Co tím myslíte? What do you by that?
    11 To jídlo se může zkazit. The food may bad.
    4 Budete muset počkat. You'll wait.
    9 Neměl bys mu o tom říkat. You tell him.
    7 Kolikrát jsi to už viděl? How many have you seen it?
    1 Chystám se k odchodu. I'm to leave.
    3 Je mi to jedno. I don't (about it).
    8 Pokud vím... As as I know ...

    Exercise 7

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    • Spojte související výroky.

    • 1 He had a house built ...
    • 2 I'll tell her about it ...
    • 3 I've been learning English ...
    • 4 I tried to call him ...
    • 5 We had to wait ...
    • 6 I'm really sorry about ...
    • 7 I had a car accident ...
    • 8 He was fined 500 dollars ...
    • f which made him angry.
    • b what happened to her.
    • e but he isn't answering the phone.
    • h although she shouldn't know.
    • c but he sold it soon after.
    • g until they came back.
    • d but it wasn't my fault.
    • a for about two years now.

    Exercise 8

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    10 I sent it at/to/in his e-mail address at/on/by accident.
    1 Are you looking forward to it? - Yes, I can't stay/afford/wait to see it.
    5 Are you hungry? - Not right/really/hardly. But I'm thirsty.
    2 What's up, man? Long time no sea/see/say. How've you been?
    12 I met her in/on/at the bus although I usually go on/in/by car.
    7 Don't give up. You must stay/keep/last trying.
    3 He's a year younger, but he's a head longer/taller/higher than me.
    8 I'm in a hurry. I must catch/reach/have the bus.
    11 I came at/across/about an interesting article.
    13 We didn't meet on/at/by chance. We agreed to meet/meeting/met.
    9 There will be no meeting. It was called out/away/off.
    4 I'm trying! - I know but you must try stronger/harder/heavier!
    6 I'm feeling unwell. I'll have to see/meet/reach a doctor.

    Předložka by také znamená kolem, vedle (o pohybu). Např.: A police car went by. - Kolem projelo policejní auto. Stop by je hovorově stavit se (za někým).

    Exercise 9

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    • Doplňte druhou větu tak, aby měla opačný význam.

    12 She calmed him down. - She made him .
    14 What time do you go to bed? - What time do you up?
    11 It's getting better. - It's getting .
    2 He's found a job. - He was .
    6 You can get there by car. - You have to there.
    9 It cost at least 300. - It cost at 300.
    7 The computer is still on. - The computer is .
    8 Don't bring him with you. - Feel to bring him with you.
    5 You must take off your glasses. - You must put your glasses.
    3 She needn't know about it. - She know about it.
    15 He does hardly any work. - He works really .
    10 I like both beer and wine. - I like beer wine.
    13 They helped me do it. - I did it .
    4 I threw it away. - I it.
    1 I have to work tomorrow. - I'm taking a day tomorrow.

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte správné tvary slovesa v nápovědě.

    3 I've bring some wine.
    6 She was hit by a car.
    2 I haven't see you for ages!
    5 The house was sell for 20.000.
    8 He have an accident and was take to hospital.
    7 They meet years ago and become friends.
    1 Where be you last night?
    10 He be here a moment ago and he leave a message for you.
    4 He's speak to her.
    9 I give it to him and I think he keep it.

    Slovo left znamená též zbylý. Užívá se hlavně ve spojení be left - zbýt, zbývat. Např.: There's nothing left. - Nic nezbylo., I don't have much money left. - Už mi nezbývá moc peněz. ap.

    Exercise 11

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    • Doplňte správnou předložku.

    10 What disease did he die ? It's not known.
    12 Thank you so much. It's so nice you.
    4 He'll be back ten minutes. You can wait him.
    11 Do you have it you? - No, I left it work.
    2 I'll see you Monday 4 p.m.
    7 Who'll be looking the kids when she's gone?
    1 Only one 20 Americans don't have a car.
    3 I'm too tired. I can't go .
    5 We'll meet Christmas Eve at 7 p.m. my place.
    8 They spend all their money food and clothes.
    6 Don't worry that. I'll take care it.
    9 Look these two. Is there any difference them?

    Američané často jako výraz díků říkají: I appreciate it. - Vážím si toho., Oceňuji to. (appreciate əˈpriːʃɪˌeɪt - oceňovat, vážit si)

    Exercise 12

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    • Utvořte otázky. Ptejte se na zvýrazněná slova.

    8 I haven't sent it yet.
    7 It cost me over 500 dollars.
    1 He left for work an hour ago.
    2 I've been waiting for an hour.
    5 We'll spend the weekend at the seaside.
    10 I've been learning English for a year.
    3 Nobody else knows about it.
    6 I've known her for 2 years.
    4 I told Bob and Jane about it.
    9 He drank five beers.

    Exercise 13

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    • Doplňte překlady vět pomocí trpného rodu.

    4 Srazilo je nákladní auto. They by a truck.
    7 Toto slovo se často neužívá. This word often.
    1 Ukradli mu auto. His car .
    6 Tato auta se vyrábí v Japonsku. These cars in Japan.
    11 Viděli ji, jak odchází. She leaving.
    3 Mohli by ho vyhodit z práce. He could .
    10 Ví se o něm, že je bohatý. He to be rich.
    8 Článek napsala dívka. The article by a girl.
    12 Našli ji o týden později. She a week later.
    5 Postavili 3 nové domy. Three new houses .
    2 Bude povýšena. She'll .
    9 Vzali ho na vysokou. He to college.

    I'm flattered. ˈflætəd nebo též I feel flattered. je česky Jsem polichocen.

    Exercise 14

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu tvary slovesa do nebo make.

    10 Please your best. It's very important.
    14 He it to her angry.
    4 How did you at school? Were you a good student?
    3 Stop fun of me!
    13 This dress me look fat.
    2 I've a big mistake.
    6 We can't without their help.
    5 I'm running late. I won't it in time.
    7 They a lot of damage when they broke in.
    1 Have you your homework?
    12 I only have 20 dollars. Will it ?
    11 He a lot of money last year.
    9 These photos me want to go on holiday.
    15 it sense to you?
    8 I need to a phone call.

    Exercise 15

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    • Doplňte odpovědi pomocí slovesa z otázky.

    5 How long did you spend there? - We a week there.
    3 Did you get my message? - No, I no message.
    2 When did he lose his job? - He his job last year.
    8 Did you understand him? - I only a few words.
    6 How many times did you try it? - I it at least five times.
    10 Did you write down his name? - No, I his number.
    4 When did they send it? - They it last night.
    9 How did you feel when you found out? - I really bad.
    7 Did you buy any wine? - No, I only food.
    1 Where did you go on holiday? - We to the seaside.

    Exercise 16

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    • Doplňte správnou předložku.

    7 I'm tired listening to them. I'm leaving.
    8 She used to work a teacher.
    10 It was a secret meeting. They met closed doors.
    1 Have you ever been the USA?
    3 I'm leaving Paris tomorrow.
    4 It's very hot. The temperature is 30 degrees.
    9 It looks you are having a great time.
    12 We'are all very sorry her death.
    6 I got it Christmas a friend of mine.
    5 It's too hot inside. I'll wait the pub.
    2 We'll meet the airport.
    11 It's not for kids. You must be 18 years old to buy it.

    Spojení feel sorry for se užívá, když někoho litujete, be sorry for hlavně při omluvě za svůj čin ap., ale be sorry about se užije o situaci či něčem, co nastalo. Např.: I felt sorry for him. - Bylo mi ho líto., I'm sorry for disturbing you. - Promiňte, že vás ruším. ALE I'm sorry about that. - To mě mrzí. Sorry se může vázat i s infinitivem. Např.: We're sorry to inform you ... - S politováním vám oznamujeme...

    Exercise 17

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    • Napište věty, které uslyšíte. Neužívejte stažené tvary. (Pište celými slovy.)

    6
    9
    7
    4
    8
    1
    5
    3
    2
    10

    Exercise 18

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    • Spojte výroky, které mají opačný význam.

    • 1 He's jobless.
    • 2 He made her angry.
    • 3 He's in good health.
    • 4 I'm enjoying it.
    • 5 He died there.
    • 6 I don't care about her.
    • 7 I have two siblings.
    • 8 I'm really hungry.
    • d I'm an only child.
    • b I'm tired of it.
    • g I'm crazy about her.
    • a He's seriously ill.
    • e He's employed.
    • f He calmed her down.
    • c I've eaten.
    • h He was born there.

    Exercise 19

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    • Doplňte větu posunutou do minulého času s užitím časové souslednosti.

    6 She says she'll help us. - She said she help us.
    2 I'm afraid they're lost. - I was afraid they lost.
    1 I think she is there. - I thought she there.
    7 I believe he forgot about it. - I believed he it.
    8 He says he was there. - He said he there.
    9 I don't know who did it. - I didn't know who it.
    3 I'm sure they have it. - I was sure they it.
    4 I suppose you know that. - I supposed you that.
    10 I know what he's going to do. - I knew what he going to do.
    5 I hope you'll come. - I hoped you come.

    Exercise 20

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    • Přeložte. Použijte nápovědu.

    3 Právě jsem to dodělal.
    just
    2 Už jsi to poslal?
    yet
    1 Díváme se právě na film.
    just
    8 Co ještě bych měl udělat?
    else
    9 Dám si ještě jedno pivo.
    more
    6 Ještě jsem to nečetl.
    yet
    4 Už odešli.
    already
    5 Neviděl jsem ho už měsíce.
    for months
    7 To bude ještě dražší.
    even
    10 Zkus to ještě jednou.
    again; more

    Exercise 21

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    • Doplňte překlady pomocí frázových sloves.

    4 Řekni mu, ať se uklidní. Tell him to down.
    10 Čti dál. on reading.
    5 Musím se přihlásit v hotelu. I must in at the hotel.
    3 Chtějí si užít (života). They want to it up.
    11 Můžeme to odložit? Can we it off?
    12 Došel mi benzín. I've out of petrol.
    8 Letadlo už odstartovalo. The plane has off.
    9 Vydržte chvilku. Hold a minute.
    1 Už jsem zjistil, kolik to stojí. I've out how much it costs.
    6 Ceny domů vzrostly o... House prices up by ...
    2 Měl by nechat kouření. He should up smoking.
    7 Mám pustit televizi? Shall I on the TV?
    13 Vyrazíme brzy ráno. We'll out early.
    14 (Dávej) pozor! Watch !

    Frázové sloveso go for má několik významů. Jeden z nejběžnějších je vybrat si nebo rozhodnout se pro. Např.: I'd go for this one. - Já bych si vybral tento. Ve významu platit pro... se užívá go for stejně jako sloveso apply to əˈplaɪˌtuː. Např.: That goes for you too., That applies to you too. - To platí i pro tebe. ap.

    Jaywalking ˈdʒeɪˌwɔːkɪŋ je neukázněné přecházení silnice. Termín jaywalker ˈdʒeɪˌwɔːkə je neukázněný chodec (přecházející na červenou, mimo přechod ap.).

    Exercise 23

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    • Vyberte správné slovo podle výkladu.

    2 When you get divorced/married/bored you become a husband and wife.
    1 When two people are not a couple any more, they break up/down/in.
    3 When a meeting is to take place later, it is put out/away/off.
    11 When you've done something many times and you have no problem doing it, you are used to/addicted to/interested in it.
    6 When you get well again after being ill, you have tired/recovered/fainted.
    5 To get a driving licence, you must first make/get/pass a driving test.
    4 If you want to eat healthily, you should get/avoid/order junk food.
    7 When someone takes your things away, you are broken/robbed/stolen.
    10 The part of a street used for walking is called the jaywalk/sidewalk/walker.
    9 An old person who doesn't work anymore is wrapped/retired/admitted.
    8 When you give someone food, you say: Welcome/Cheers/Help yourself.

    Obrat to hail a taxi znamená zastavit si taxi (mávnutím). Podobně se užívá fráze wave down a taxi (wave weɪv - mávnout, zamávat).

    Exercise 24

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    • Doplňte překlady.

    14 Ať neodchází! Don't him go!
    5 Nechám to na vás. I'll it up to you.
    10 Bude to stát spoustu peněz. It'll cost a of money.
    8 Odjíždím v pátek ráno. I'm leaving Friday morning.
    3 To zní zajímavě. That interesting.
    12 Vyzvednu tě na letišti. I'll you up at the airport.
    13 Jeďte po této cestě. Go this road.
    2 Doufejme, že to vyjde. Let's hope it'll off.
    4 Mám (moc) rád italské jídlo. I'm of Italian food.
    7 Nejezdím po městě autem. I don't drive the city.
    1 Zamilovala se do něho. She in love with him.
    11 Mám raději čaj než kávu. I tea to coffee.
    9 Byla okradena dvěma muži. She by two men.
    6 Zvykl jsem si na to. I used to it.

    Ať v rozkazu lze také někdy přeložit pomocí obratu make sure (that) (ujisti se/zajisti, že...) Např.: Make sure you don't lose it. - Ať to neztratíš., Make sure he doesn't break it. - Ať to nerozbije. ap.

    Exercise 25

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    • Přeložte. Použijte nápovědu.

    9 Změnil jsem názor.
    mind
    10 Rádi bychom si objednali.
    order
    5 Co takhle si dát pivo?
    pint
    11 Platím já! (pití ap.)
    buy
    4 To je ale překvapení!
    surprise
    7 Nejsem z toho zrovna nadšený.
    crazy
    2 Dám vám vědět co nejdřív.
    as soon as
    8 To by bylo skvělé!
    great
    1 Nevím, jak dlouho to potrvá.
    take
    13 To nevadí.
    mind
    3 Pokud vím, tak tady není.
    as far as
    14 To rád slyším.
    glad
    12 Neslyším vás.
    can
    6 Nechce se mi tam jít.
    feel like

    Pozor na slovo frekventovaný při překladu do angličtiny! Ve významu častý je to frequent. Chcete-li ale říct, že je něco často navštěvované nebo je zde velký provoz, užije se frequented frɪˈkwεntɪd. Např.: frequented road - frekventovaná silnice.

    Exercise 26

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    • Přeložte.

    1 Máte pravdu.
    16 Bydlím tady už deset let.
    20 Hodně štěstí!
    9 Co ještě potřebujete?
    13 Nechám to na vás.
    2 Mám zpoždění.
    11 Musel jsem tam jít.
    3 Dlouho vás nezdržím.
    15 Nikdy jsem v Londýně nebyl.
    5 Nevěděl jsem o tom.
    17 Jak dlouho už tady čekáte?
    10 Nemusíte platit.
    19 Všechno nejlepší k narozeninám!
    4 Co se děje?
    8 Nesmíš to nikomu říct.
    6 Postarám se o to.
    7 Nebudu moci přijít.
    14 Kdybych to měl, dal bych ti to.
    12 Ještě nepřišel.
    18 Učím se anglicky už dva roky.

    Sidewalk je americký termín. V Británii pro chodník užívají pavement ˈpeɪvmənt! V americké angličtině je ale pavement zpevněná vozovka (asfaltovaný povrch ap.).

    Připoutat se (v autě ap.) se hlavně v americké angličtině hovorově řekne buckle up ˈbʌkəlˌʌp. Např.: Buckle up! - Připoutej(te) se!

    Pozor! Slovo police se v angličtině chová jako podstatné jméno v množném čísle, tedy: The police are ..., The police have ... ap.! Např. The police are after him. - Jde po něm policie., Police say that ... - Policie říká, že...