Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Přeložte.

    18 I've been taking driving lessons.
    14 We had the house built.
    8 He's to come too.
    7 He's known her for years.
    9 What was I supposed to do?
    2 I don't get it.
    3 It's getting worse.
    13 Have we met (before)?
    17 I'm looking forward to that.
    15 Have you done it yet?
    10 Can you give me a lift?
    5 He has no sense of humour.
    6 It made him angry.
    12 I'd love to, but I can't.
    4 They differ in many ways.
    11 I'll do my best.
    1 How've you been?
    16 I'll do it asap.
    19 I was fined for speeding.

    Speeding spiːdɪŋ je překročení povolené rychlosti (speed - rychlost). Speeding ticket je pokuta za rychlost. Např.: He got a speeding ticket. - Dostal pokutu za rychlost.

    Exercise 2

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    • Poslechněte si nahrávku a určete, zda je tvrzení pravdivé (true), nebo nepravdivé (false).

    3 They usually don't leave a tip in British pubs.
    2 John had an accident, but it wasn't his fault.
    4 Americans mostly buy cars made in the US.
    6 Both the British and Americans like to use trains.
    8 The number of yellow cabs in New York is about 13.5 thousand.
    5 New Yorkers are known to walk a lot around the city.
    1 Bob was fined 400 dollars for driving too fast.
    7 Some 5 million people travel on the tube every day in London.

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte odpovídající výroky.

    • 1 I'll keep it on.
    • 2 I won't keep you long.
    • 3 He broke up with her.
    • 4 I'll find out.
    • 5 He made it up.
    • 6 I'll catch up with you.
    • 7 He's missing her.
    • 8 He was fired.
    • c Dostal vyhazov.
    • b Doženu vás.
    • f Vymyslel si to.
    • g Zjistím to.
    • g Nezdržím tě dlouho.
    • e Nechám si to na sobě.
    • a Chybí mu.
    • d Rozešel se s ní.

    Exercise 4

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    2 How long will it ask/take/keep to get there? - About an hour.
    1 Most from/of/in them didn't know.
    8 They took in/off/out a loan to buy a car.
    10 I usually go in/in/by car, but we met in/at/on the bus.
    6 Could you take/get/pick me up at the airport tomorrow?
    5 Did you get my e-mail? - Yes, but I haven't red/read/readed it yet.
    3 Jane and Bob prepared it himself/themselves/ourselves.
    7 Come out/on/at. Hurry up! We'll be late.
    4 He wasn't supposed to know. You couldn't/shouldn't/wouldn't have told him.
    9 I'm sorry of/at/about that. I did it by/on/of mistake.

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte členy, some nebo any, kde třeba.

    9 Would you like more cake? - Yes. I haven't had yet.
    3 Can you lend me money? - I don't have money.
    13 Take meat out of bag and put it in fridge.
    10 USA and Canada are almost same size.
    12 He's American who makes lot of money.
    4 I bought new car. - What did you do with old one?
    1 Is there place where we could have dinner?
    6 Can you give me hand? - I don't have time for that.
    5 Have wine! - Thanks, I don't drink alcohol.
    7 I had accident when driving to work this morning.
    2 Are there other ways? I can't think of .
    11 A boy from US met girl from Europe.
    14 I had busy day at work. I'm going to bed.
    8 I saw it on TV yesterday when I was watching news.

    Exercise 6

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    • Doplňte překlady vět.

    4 Budete muset počkat. You'll wait.
    14 Co tím myslíte? What do you by that?
    5 Doufám, že ne. I hope .
    12 Počkám, až přijde. I'll wait him to come.
    7 Kolikrát jsi to už viděl? How many have you seen it?
    10 Lepší by bylo počkat. It better to wait.
    8 Pokud vím... As as I know ...
    13 Bude to hotovo do pátku. It'll be finished Friday.
    6 Kolik peněz tam je? How money is there?
    9 Neměl bys mu o tom říkat. You tell him.
    1 Chystám se k odchodu. I'm to leave.
    2 Byli jsme okradeni. We were .
    3 Je mi to jedno. I don't (about it).
    11 To jídlo se může zkazit. The food may bad.

    Exercise 7

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    • Spojte související výroky.

    • 1 He had a house built ...
    • 2 I'll tell her about it ...
    • 3 I've been learning English ...
    • 4 I tried to call him ...
    • 5 We had to wait ...
    • 6 I'm really sorry about ...
    • 7 I had a car accident ...
    • 8 He was fined 500 dollars ...
    • g until they came back.
    • h although she shouldn't know.
    • a for about two years now.
    • f which made him angry.
    • c but he sold it soon after.
    • e but he isn't answering the phone.
    • d but it wasn't my fault.
    • b what happened to her.

    Exercise 8

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    8 I'm in a hurry. I must catch/reach/have the bus.
    13 We didn't meet on/at/by chance. We agreed to meet/meeting/met.
    7 Don't give up. You must stay/keep/last trying.
    5 Are you hungry? - Not right/really/hardly. But I'm thirsty.
    9 There will be no meeting. It was called out/away/off.
    3 He's a year younger, but he's a head longer/taller/higher than me.
    12 I met her in/on/at the bus although I usually go on/in/by car.
    1 Are you looking forward to it? - Yes, I can't stay/afford/wait to see it.
    6 I'm feeling unwell. I'll have to see/meet/reach a doctor.
    2 What's up, man? Long time no sea/see/say. How've you been?
    4 I'm trying! - I know but you must try stronger/harder/heavier!
    11 I came at/across/about an interesting article.
    10 I sent it at/to/in his e-mail address at/on/by accident.

    Předložka by také znamená kolem, vedle (o pohybu). Např.: A police car went by. - Kolem projelo policejní auto. Stop by je hovorově stavit se (za někým).

    Exercise 9

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    • Doplňte druhou větu tak, aby měla opačný význam.

    2 He's found a job. - He was .
    13 They helped me do it. - I did it .
    8 Don't bring him with you. - Feel to bring him with you.
    4 I threw it away. - I it.
    15 He does hardly any work. - He works really .
    12 She calmed him down. - She made him .
    10 I like both beer and wine. - I like beer wine.
    11 It's getting better. - It's getting .
    3 She needn't know about it. - She know about it.
    7 The computer is still on. - The computer is .
    5 You must take off your glasses. - You must put your glasses.
    14 What time do you go to bed? - What time do you up?
    6 You can get there by car. - You have to there.
    9 It cost at least 300. - It cost at 300.
    1 I have to work tomorrow. - I'm taking a day tomorrow.

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte správné tvary slovesa v nápovědě.

    6 She was hit by a car.
    1 Where be you last night?
    7 They meet years ago and become friends.
    9 I give it to him and I think he keep it.
    3 I've bring some wine.
    8 He have an accident and was take to hospital.
    4 He's speak to her.
    5 The house was sell for 20.000.
    2 I haven't see you for ages!
    10 He be here a moment ago and he leave a message for you.

    Slovo left znamená též zbylý. Užívá se hlavně ve spojení be left - zbýt, zbývat. Např.: There's nothing left. - Nic nezbylo., I don't have much money left. - Už mi nezbývá moc peněz. ap.

    Exercise 11

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    • Doplňte správnou předložku.

    4 He'll be back ten minutes. You can wait him.
    8 They spend all their money food and clothes.
    5 We'll meet Christmas Eve at 7 p.m. my place.
    10 What disease did he die ? It's not known.
    7 Who'll be looking the kids when she's gone?
    6 Don't worry that. I'll take care it.
    3 I'm too tired. I can't go .
    1 Only one 20 Americans don't have a car.
    11 Do you have it you? - No, I left it work.
    9 Look these two. Is there any difference them?
    12 Thank you so much. It's so nice you.
    2 I'll see you Monday 4 p.m.

    Američané často jako výraz díků říkají: I appreciate it. - Vážím si toho., Oceňuji to. (appreciate əˈpriːʃɪˌeɪt - oceňovat, vážit si)

    Exercise 12

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    • Utvořte otázky. Ptejte se na zvýrazněná slova.

    5 We'll spend the weekend at the seaside.
    1 He left for work an hour ago.
    10 I've been learning English for a year.
    2 I've been waiting for an hour.
    8 I haven't sent it yet.
    4 I told Bob and Jane about it.
    9 He drank five beers.
    6 I've known her for 2 years.
    3 Nobody else knows about it.
    7 It cost me over 500 dollars.

    Exercise 13

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    • Doplňte překlady vět pomocí trpného rodu.

    8 Článek napsala dívka. The article by a girl.
    4 Srazilo je nákladní auto. They by a truck.
    6 Tato auta se vyrábí v Japonsku. These cars in Japan.
    1 Ukradli mu auto. His car .
    2 Bude povýšena. She'll .
    11 Viděli ji, jak odchází. She leaving.
    10 Ví se o něm, že je bohatý. He to be rich.
    7 Toto slovo se často neužívá. This word often.
    3 Mohli by ho vyhodit z práce. He could .
    5 Postavili 3 nové domy. Three new houses .
    9 Vzali ho na vysokou. He to college.
    12 Našli ji o týden později. She a week later.

    I'm flattered. ˈflætəd nebo též I feel flattered. je česky Jsem polichocen.

    Exercise 14

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu tvary slovesa do nebo make.

    5 I'm running late. I won't it in time.
    4 How did you at school? Were you a good student?
    15 it sense to you?
    1 Have you your homework?
    9 These photos me want to go on holiday.
    11 He a lot of money last year.
    12 I only have 20 dollars. Will it ?
    8 I need to a phone call.
    6 We can't without their help.
    3 Stop fun of me!
    2 I've a big mistake.
    13 This dress me look fat.
    10 Please your best. It's very important.
    7 They a lot of damage when they broke in.
    14 He it to her angry.

    Exercise 15

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    • Doplňte odpovědi pomocí slovesa z otázky.

    5 How long did you spend there? - We a week there.
    6 How many times did you try it? - I it at least five times.
    7 Did you buy any wine? - No, I only food.
    8 Did you understand him? - I only a few words.
    3 Did you get my message? - No, I no message.
    2 When did he lose his job? - He his job last year.
    4 When did they send it? - They it last night.
    1 Where did you go on holiday? - We to the seaside.
    10 Did you write down his name? - No, I his number.
    9 How did you feel when you found out? - I really bad.

    Exercise 16

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    • Doplňte správnou předložku.

    6 I got it Christmas a friend of mine.
    10 It was a secret meeting. They met closed doors.
    7 I'm tired listening to them. I'm leaving.
    12 We'are all very sorry her death.
    3 I'm leaving Paris tomorrow.
    4 It's very hot. The temperature is 30 degrees.
    8 She used to work a teacher.
    5 It's too hot inside. I'll wait the pub.
    11 It's not for kids. You must be 18 years old to buy it.
    2 We'll meet the airport.
    9 It looks you are having a great time.
    1 Have you ever been the USA?

    Spojení feel sorry for se užívá, když někoho litujete, be sorry for hlavně při omluvě za svůj čin ap., ale be sorry about se užije o situaci či něčem, co nastalo. Např.: I felt sorry for him. - Bylo mi ho líto., I'm sorry for disturbing you. - Promiňte, že vás ruším. ALE I'm sorry about that. - To mě mrzí. Sorry se může vázat i s infinitivem. Např.: We're sorry to inform you ... - S politováním vám oznamujeme...

    Exercise 17

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    • Napište věty, které uslyšíte. Neužívejte stažené tvary. (Pište celými slovy.)

    3
    9
    7
    5
    2
    4
    8
    6
    1
    10

    Exercise 18

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    • Spojte výroky, které mají opačný význam.

    • 1 He's jobless.
    • 2 He made her angry.
    • 3 He's in good health.
    • 4 I'm enjoying it.
    • 5 He died there.
    • 6 I don't care about her.
    • 7 I have two siblings.
    • 8 I'm really hungry.
    • a He's seriously ill.
    • g I'm crazy about her.
    • h He was born there.
    • c I've eaten.
    • d I'm an only child.
    • f He calmed her down.
    • e He's employed.
    • b I'm tired of it.

    Exercise 19

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    • Doplňte větu posunutou do minulého času s užitím časové souslednosti.

    1 I think she is there. - I thought she there.
    6 She says she'll help us. - She said she help us.
    10 I know what he's going to do. - I knew what he going to do.
    2 I'm afraid they're lost. - I was afraid they lost.
    8 He says he was there. - He said he there.
    9 I don't know who did it. - I didn't know who it.
    5 I hope you'll come. - I hoped you come.
    7 I believe he forgot about it. - I believed he it.
    4 I suppose you know that. - I supposed you that.
    3 I'm sure they have it. - I was sure they it.

    Exercise 20

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    • Přeložte. Použijte nápovědu.

    2 Už jsi to poslal?
    yet
    6 Ještě jsem to nečetl.
    yet
    3 Právě jsem to dodělal.
    just
    4 Už odešli.
    already
    1 Díváme se právě na film.
    just
    10 Zkus to ještě jednou.
    again; more
    5 Neviděl jsem ho už měsíce.
    for months
    8 Co ještě bych měl udělat?
    else
    7 To bude ještě dražší.
    even
    9 Dám si ještě jedno pivo.
    more

    Exercise 21

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    • Doplňte překlady pomocí frázových sloves.

    13 Vyrazíme brzy ráno. We'll out early.
    8 Letadlo už odstartovalo. The plane has off.
    11 Můžeme to odložit? Can we it off?
    7 Mám pustit televizi? Shall I on the TV?
    4 Řekni mu, ať se uklidní. Tell him to down.
    14 (Dávej) pozor! Watch !
    10 Čti dál. on reading.
    2 Měl by nechat kouření. He should up smoking.
    6 Ceny domů vzrostly o... House prices up by ...
    5 Musím se přihlásit v hotelu. I must in at the hotel.
    12 Došel mi benzín. I've out of petrol.
    1 Už jsem zjistil, kolik to stojí. I've out how much it costs.
    3 Chtějí si užít (života). They want to it up.
    9 Vydržte chvilku. Hold a minute.

    Frázové sloveso go for má několik významů. Jeden z nejběžnějších je vybrat si nebo rozhodnout se pro. Např.: I'd go for this one. - Já bych si vybral tento. Ve významu platit pro... se užívá go for stejně jako sloveso apply to əˈplaɪˌtuː. Např.: That goes for you too., That applies to you too. - To platí i pro tebe. ap.

    Jaywalking ˈdʒeɪˌwɔːkɪŋ je neukázněné přecházení silnice. Termín jaywalker ˈdʒeɪˌwɔːkə je neukázněný chodec (přecházející na červenou, mimo přechod ap.).

    Exercise 23

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    • Vyberte správné slovo podle výkladu.

    8 When you give someone food, you say: Welcome/Cheers/Help yourself.
    4 If you want to eat healthily, you should get/avoid/order junk food.
    9 An old person who doesn't work anymore is wrapped/retired/admitted.
    6 When you get well again after being ill, you have tired/recovered/fainted.
    5 To get a driving licence, you must first make/get/pass a driving test.
    7 When someone takes your things away, you are broken/robbed/stolen.
    2 When you get divorced/married/bored you become a husband and wife.
    11 When you've done something many times and you have no problem doing it, you are used to/addicted to/interested in it.
    1 When two people are not a couple any more, they break up/down/in.
    3 When a meeting is to take place later, it is put out/away/off.
    10 The part of a street used for walking is called the jaywalk/sidewalk/walker.

    Obrat to hail a taxi znamená zastavit si taxi (mávnutím). Podobně se užívá fráze wave down a taxi (wave weɪv - mávnout, zamávat).

    Exercise 24

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    • Doplňte překlady.

    5 Nechám to na vás. I'll it up to you.
    9 Byla okradena dvěma muži. She by two men.
    3 To zní zajímavě. That interesting.
    7 Nejezdím po městě autem. I don't drive the city.
    12 Vyzvednu tě na letišti. I'll you up at the airport.
    14 Ať neodchází! Don't him go!
    2 Doufejme, že to vyjde. Let's hope it'll off.
    4 Mám (moc) rád italské jídlo. I'm of Italian food.
    8 Odjíždím v pátek ráno. I'm leaving Friday morning.
    1 Zamilovala se do něho. She in love with him.
    10 Bude to stát spoustu peněz. It'll cost a of money.
    6 Zvykl jsem si na to. I used to it.
    13 Jeďte po této cestě. Go this road.
    11 Mám raději čaj než kávu. I tea to coffee.

    Ať v rozkazu lze také někdy přeložit pomocí obratu make sure (that) (ujisti se/zajisti, že...) Např.: Make sure you don't lose it. - Ať to neztratíš., Make sure he doesn't break it. - Ať to nerozbije. ap.

    Exercise 25

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    • Přeložte. Použijte nápovědu.

    14 To rád slyším.
    glad
    10 Rádi bychom si objednali.
    order
    4 To je ale překvapení!
    surprise
    11 Platím já! (pití ap.)
    buy
    8 To by bylo skvělé!
    great
    6 Nechce se mi tam jít.
    feel like
    12 Neslyším vás.
    can
    1 Nevím, jak dlouho to potrvá.
    take
    2 Dám vám vědět co nejdřív.
    as soon as
    13 To nevadí.
    mind
    3 Pokud vím, tak tady není.
    as far as
    7 Nejsem z toho zrovna nadšený.
    crazy
    5 Co takhle si dát pivo?
    pint
    9 Změnil jsem názor.
    mind

    Pozor na slovo frekventovaný při překladu do angličtiny! Ve významu častý je to frequent. Chcete-li ale říct, že je něco často navštěvované nebo je zde velký provoz, užije se frequented frɪˈkwεntɪd. Např.: frequented road - frekventovaná silnice.

    Exercise 26

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    • Přeložte.

    2 Mám zpoždění.
    12 Ještě nepřišel.
    16 Bydlím tady už deset let.
    19 Všechno nejlepší k narozeninám!
    18 Učím se anglicky už dva roky.
    20 Hodně štěstí!
    4 Co se děje?
    17 Jak dlouho už tady čekáte?
    6 Postarám se o to.
    10 Nemusíte platit.
    8 Nesmíš to nikomu říct.
    5 Nevěděl jsem o tom.
    11 Musel jsem tam jít.
    13 Nechám to na vás.
    9 Co ještě potřebujete?
    1 Máte pravdu.
    15 Nikdy jsem v Londýně nebyl.
    3 Dlouho vás nezdržím.
    7 Nebudu moci přijít.
    14 Kdybych to měl, dal bych ti to.

    Sidewalk je americký termín. V Británii pro chodník užívají pavement ˈpeɪvmənt! V americké angličtině je ale pavement zpevněná vozovka (asfaltovaný povrch ap.).

    Připoutat se (v autě ap.) se hlavně v americké angličtině hovorově řekne buckle up ˈbʌkəlˌʌp. Např.: Buckle up! - Připoutej(te) se!

    Pozor! Slovo police se v angličtině chová jako podstatné jméno v množném čísle, tedy: The police are ..., The police have ... ap.! Např. The police are after him. - Jde po něm policie., Police say that ... - Policie říká, že...