Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Přeložte.

    12 I'd love to, but I can't.
    7 He's known her for years.
    6 It made him angry.
    19 I was fined for speeding.
    16 I'll do it asap.
    14 We had the house built.
    11 I'll do my best.
    5 He has no sense of humour.
    1 How've you been?
    13 Have we met (before)?
    9 What was I supposed to do?
    18 I've been taking driving lessons.
    2 I don't get it.
    10 Can you give me a lift?
    15 Have you done it yet?
    4 They differ in many ways.
    17 I'm looking forward to that.
    3 It's getting worse.
    8 He's to come too.

    Speeding spiːdɪŋ je překročení povolené rychlosti (speed - rychlost). Speeding ticket je pokuta za rychlost. Např.: He got a speeding ticket. - Dostal pokutu za rychlost.

    Exercise 2

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    • Poslechněte si nahrávku a určete, zda je tvrzení pravdivé (true), nebo nepravdivé (false).

    2 John had an accident, but it wasn't his fault.
    3 They usually don't leave a tip in British pubs.
    1 Bob was fined 400 dollars for driving too fast.
    8 The number of yellow cabs in New York is about 13.5 thousand.
    4 Americans mostly buy cars made in the US.
    7 Some 5 million people travel on the tube every day in London.
    5 New Yorkers are known to walk a lot around the city.
    6 Both the British and Americans like to use trains.

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte odpovídající výroky.

    • 1 I'll keep it on.
    • 2 I won't keep you long.
    • 3 He broke up with her.
    • 4 I'll find out.
    • 5 He made it up.
    • 6 I'll catch up with you.
    • 7 He's missing her.
    • 8 He was fired.
    • g Zjistím to.
    • c Dostal vyhazov.
    • b Doženu vás.
    • g Nezdržím tě dlouho.
    • a Chybí mu.
    • e Nechám si to na sobě.
    • d Rozešel se s ní.
    • f Vymyslel si to.

    Exercise 4

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    10 I usually go in/in/by car, but we met in/at/on the bus.
    5 Did you get my e-mail? - Yes, but I haven't red/read/readed it yet.
    3 Jane and Bob prepared it himself/themselves/ourselves.
    7 Come out/on/at. Hurry up! We'll be late.
    2 How long will it ask/take/keep to get there? - About an hour.
    9 I'm sorry of/at/about that. I did it by/on/of mistake.
    1 Most from/of/in them didn't know.
    8 They took in/off/out a loan to buy a car.
    4 He wasn't supposed to know. You couldn't/shouldn't/wouldn't have told him.
    6 Could you take/get/pick me up at the airport tomorrow?

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte členy, some nebo any, kde třeba.

    7 I had accident when driving to work this morning.
    6 Can you give me hand? - I don't have time for that.
    3 Can you lend me money? - I don't have money.
    4 I bought new car. - What did you do with old one?
    2 Are there other ways? I can't think of .
    8 I saw it on TV yesterday when I was watching news.
    14 I had busy day at work. I'm going to bed.
    9 Would you like more cake? - Yes. I haven't had yet.
    11 A boy from US met girl from Europe.
    1 Is there place where we could have dinner?
    5 Have wine! - Thanks, I don't drink alcohol.
    12 He's American who makes lot of money.
    13 Take meat out of bag and put it in fridge.
    10 USA and Canada are almost same size.

    Exercise 6

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    • Doplňte překlady vět.

    3 Je mi to jedno. I don't (about it).
    5 Doufám, že ne. I hope .
    2 Byli jsme okradeni. We were .
    11 To jídlo se může zkazit. The food may bad.
    1 Chystám se k odchodu. I'm to leave.
    8 Pokud vím... As as I know ...
    10 Lepší by bylo počkat. It better to wait.
    7 Kolikrát jsi to už viděl? How many have you seen it?
    6 Kolik peněz tam je? How money is there?
    9 Neměl bys mu o tom říkat. You tell him.
    4 Budete muset počkat. You'll wait.
    14 Co tím myslíte? What do you by that?
    12 Počkám, až přijde. I'll wait him to come.
    13 Bude to hotovo do pátku. It'll be finished Friday.

    Exercise 7

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    • Spojte související výroky.

    • 1 He had a house built ...
    • 2 I'll tell her about it ...
    • 3 I've been learning English ...
    • 4 I tried to call him ...
    • 5 We had to wait ...
    • 6 I'm really sorry about ...
    • 7 I had a car accident ...
    • 8 He was fined 500 dollars ...
    • f which made him angry.
    • e but he isn't answering the phone.
    • b what happened to her.
    • c but he sold it soon after.
    • g until they came back.
    • h although she shouldn't know.
    • a for about two years now.
    • d but it wasn't my fault.

    Exercise 8

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    11 I came at/across/about an interesting article.
    3 He's a year younger, but he's a head longer/taller/higher than me.
    5 Are you hungry? - Not right/really/hardly. But I'm thirsty.
    12 I met her in/on/at the bus although I usually go on/in/by car.
    7 Don't give up. You must stay/keep/last trying.
    9 There will be no meeting. It was called out/away/off.
    2 What's up, man? Long time no sea/see/say. How've you been?
    8 I'm in a hurry. I must catch/reach/have the bus.
    1 Are you looking forward to it? - Yes, I can't stay/afford/wait to see it.
    6 I'm feeling unwell. I'll have to see/meet/reach a doctor.
    10 I sent it at/to/in his e-mail address at/on/by accident.
    4 I'm trying! - I know but you must try stronger/harder/heavier!
    13 We didn't meet on/at/by chance. We agreed to meet/meeting/met.

    Předložka by také znamená kolem, vedle (o pohybu). Např.: A police car went by. - Kolem projelo policejní auto. Stop by je hovorově stavit se (za někým).

    Exercise 9

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    • Doplňte druhou větu tak, aby měla opačný význam.

    7 The computer is still on. - The computer is .
    3 She needn't know about it. - She know about it.
    12 She calmed him down. - She made him .
    13 They helped me do it. - I did it .
    9 It cost at least 300. - It cost at 300.
    6 You can get there by car. - You have to there.
    15 He does hardly any work. - He works really .
    2 He's found a job. - He was .
    14 What time do you go to bed? - What time do you up?
    4 I threw it away. - I it.
    11 It's getting better. - It's getting .
    1 I have to work tomorrow. - I'm taking a day tomorrow.
    8 Don't bring him with you. - Feel to bring him with you.
    5 You must take off your glasses. - You must put your glasses.
    10 I like both beer and wine. - I like beer wine.

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte správné tvary slovesa v nápovědě.

    3 I've bring some wine.
    5 The house was sell for 20.000.
    10 He be here a moment ago and he leave a message for you.
    2 I haven't see you for ages!
    6 She was hit by a car.
    9 I give it to him and I think he keep it.
    7 They meet years ago and become friends.
    4 He's speak to her.
    8 He have an accident and was take to hospital.
    1 Where be you last night?

    Slovo left znamená též zbylý. Užívá se hlavně ve spojení be left - zbýt, zbývat. Např.: There's nothing left. - Nic nezbylo., I don't have much money left. - Už mi nezbývá moc peněz. ap.

    Exercise 11

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    • Doplňte správnou předložku.

    8 They spend all their money food and clothes.
    6 Don't worry that. I'll take care it.
    2 I'll see you Monday 4 p.m.
    10 What disease did he die ? It's not known.
    9 Look these two. Is there any difference them?
    3 I'm too tired. I can't go .
    12 Thank you so much. It's so nice you.
    1 Only one 20 Americans don't have a car.
    4 He'll be back ten minutes. You can wait him.
    7 Who'll be looking the kids when she's gone?
    11 Do you have it you? - No, I left it work.
    5 We'll meet Christmas Eve at 7 p.m. my place.

    Američané často jako výraz díků říkají: I appreciate it. - Vážím si toho., Oceňuji to. (appreciate əˈpriːʃɪˌeɪt - oceňovat, vážit si)

    Exercise 12

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    • Utvořte otázky. Ptejte se na zvýrazněná slova.

    8 I haven't sent it yet.
    5 We'll spend the weekend at the seaside.
    3 Nobody else knows about it.
    2 I've been waiting for an hour.
    4 I told Bob and Jane about it.
    7 It cost me over 500 dollars.
    6 I've known her for 2 years.
    1 He left for work an hour ago.
    10 I've been learning English for a year.
    9 He drank five beers.

    Exercise 13

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    • Doplňte překlady vět pomocí trpného rodu.

    4 Srazilo je nákladní auto. They by a truck.
    7 Toto slovo se často neužívá. This word often.
    6 Tato auta se vyrábí v Japonsku. These cars in Japan.
    2 Bude povýšena. She'll .
    8 Článek napsala dívka. The article by a girl.
    5 Postavili 3 nové domy. Three new houses .
    11 Viděli ji, jak odchází. She leaving.
    9 Vzali ho na vysokou. He to college.
    3 Mohli by ho vyhodit z práce. He could .
    10 Ví se o něm, že je bohatý. He to be rich.
    1 Ukradli mu auto. His car .
    12 Našli ji o týden později. She a week later.

    I'm flattered. ˈflætəd nebo též I feel flattered. je česky Jsem polichocen.

    Exercise 14

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu tvary slovesa do nebo make.

    4 How did you at school? Were you a good student?
    15 it sense to you?
    10 Please your best. It's very important.
    14 He it to her angry.
    11 He a lot of money last year.
    13 This dress me look fat.
    5 I'm running late. I won't it in time.
    9 These photos me want to go on holiday.
    7 They a lot of damage when they broke in.
    6 We can't without their help.
    2 I've a big mistake.
    1 Have you your homework?
    12 I only have 20 dollars. Will it ?
    3 Stop fun of me!
    8 I need to a phone call.

    Exercise 15

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    • Doplňte odpovědi pomocí slovesa z otázky.

    4 When did they send it? - They it last night.
    8 Did you understand him? - I only a few words.
    7 Did you buy any wine? - No, I only food.
    6 How many times did you try it? - I it at least five times.
    1 Where did you go on holiday? - We to the seaside.
    5 How long did you spend there? - We a week there.
    3 Did you get my message? - No, I no message.
    9 How did you feel when you found out? - I really bad.
    10 Did you write down his name? - No, I his number.
    2 When did he lose his job? - He his job last year.

    Exercise 16

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    • Doplňte správnou předložku.

    11 It's not for kids. You must be 18 years old to buy it.
    1 Have you ever been the USA?
    6 I got it Christmas a friend of mine.
    10 It was a secret meeting. They met closed doors.
    8 She used to work a teacher.
    2 We'll meet the airport.
    12 We'are all very sorry her death.
    9 It looks you are having a great time.
    3 I'm leaving Paris tomorrow.
    4 It's very hot. The temperature is 30 degrees.
    7 I'm tired listening to them. I'm leaving.
    5 It's too hot inside. I'll wait the pub.

    Spojení feel sorry for se užívá, když někoho litujete, be sorry for hlavně při omluvě za svůj čin ap., ale be sorry about se užije o situaci či něčem, co nastalo. Např.: I felt sorry for him. - Bylo mi ho líto., I'm sorry for disturbing you. - Promiňte, že vás ruším. ALE I'm sorry about that. - To mě mrzí. Sorry se může vázat i s infinitivem. Např.: We're sorry to inform you ... - S politováním vám oznamujeme...

    Exercise 17

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    • Napište věty, které uslyšíte. Neužívejte stažené tvary. (Pište celými slovy.)

    7
    5
    1
    3
    2
    10
    9
    6
    4
    8

    Exercise 18

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    • Spojte výroky, které mají opačný význam.

    • 1 He's jobless.
    • 2 He made her angry.
    • 3 He's in good health.
    • 4 I'm enjoying it.
    • 5 He died there.
    • 6 I don't care about her.
    • 7 I have two siblings.
    • 8 I'm really hungry.
    • c I've eaten.
    • h He was born there.
    • e He's employed.
    • a He's seriously ill.
    • f He calmed her down.
    • b I'm tired of it.
    • g I'm crazy about her.
    • d I'm an only child.

    Exercise 19

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    • Doplňte větu posunutou do minulého času s užitím časové souslednosti.

    9 I don't know who did it. - I didn't know who it.
    10 I know what he's going to do. - I knew what he going to do.
    4 I suppose you know that. - I supposed you that.
    5 I hope you'll come. - I hoped you come.
    8 He says he was there. - He said he there.
    1 I think she is there. - I thought she there.
    7 I believe he forgot about it. - I believed he it.
    2 I'm afraid they're lost. - I was afraid they lost.
    3 I'm sure they have it. - I was sure they it.
    6 She says she'll help us. - She said she help us.

    Exercise 20

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    • Přeložte. Použijte nápovědu.

    10 Zkus to ještě jednou.
    again; more
    2 Už jsi to poslal?
    yet
    4 Už odešli.
    already
    5 Neviděl jsem ho už měsíce.
    for months
    7 To bude ještě dražší.
    even
    1 Díváme se právě na film.
    just
    6 Ještě jsem to nečetl.
    yet
    3 Právě jsem to dodělal.
    just
    8 Co ještě bych měl udělat?
    else
    9 Dám si ještě jedno pivo.
    more

    Exercise 21

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    • Doplňte překlady pomocí frázových sloves.

    12 Došel mi benzín. I've out of petrol.
    6 Ceny domů vzrostly o... House prices up by ...
    3 Chtějí si užít (života). They want to it up.
    9 Vydržte chvilku. Hold a minute.
    10 Čti dál. on reading.
    1 Už jsem zjistil, kolik to stojí. I've out how much it costs.
    5 Musím se přihlásit v hotelu. I must in at the hotel.
    2 Měl by nechat kouření. He should up smoking.
    4 Řekni mu, ať se uklidní. Tell him to down.
    8 Letadlo už odstartovalo. The plane has off.
    7 Mám pustit televizi? Shall I on the TV?
    14 (Dávej) pozor! Watch !
    13 Vyrazíme brzy ráno. We'll out early.
    11 Můžeme to odložit? Can we it off?

    Frázové sloveso go for má několik významů. Jeden z nejběžnějších je vybrat si nebo rozhodnout se pro. Např.: I'd go for this one. - Já bych si vybral tento. Ve významu platit pro... se užívá go for stejně jako sloveso apply to əˈplaɪˌtuː. Např.: That goes for you too., That applies to you too. - To platí i pro tebe. ap.

    Jaywalking ˈdʒeɪˌwɔːkɪŋ je neukázněné přecházení silnice. Termín jaywalker ˈdʒeɪˌwɔːkə je neukázněný chodec (přecházející na červenou, mimo přechod ap.).

    Exercise 23

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    • Vyberte správné slovo podle výkladu.

    5 To get a driving licence, you must first make/get/pass a driving test.
    2 When you get divorced/married/bored you become a husband and wife.
    10 The part of a street used for walking is called the jaywalk/sidewalk/walker.
    4 If you want to eat healthily, you should get/avoid/order junk food.
    8 When you give someone food, you say: Welcome/Cheers/Help yourself.
    6 When you get well again after being ill, you have tired/recovered/fainted.
    9 An old person who doesn't work anymore is wrapped/retired/admitted.
    7 When someone takes your things away, you are broken/robbed/stolen.
    1 When two people are not a couple any more, they break up/down/in.
    3 When a meeting is to take place later, it is put out/away/off.
    11 When you've done something many times and you have no problem doing it, you are used to/addicted to/interested in it.

    Obrat to hail a taxi znamená zastavit si taxi (mávnutím). Podobně se užívá fráze wave down a taxi (wave weɪv - mávnout, zamávat).

    Exercise 24

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    • Doplňte překlady.

    3 To zní zajímavě. That interesting.
    5 Nechám to na vás. I'll it up to you.
    1 Zamilovala se do něho. She in love with him.
    11 Mám raději čaj než kávu. I tea to coffee.
    4 Mám (moc) rád italské jídlo. I'm of Italian food.
    14 Ať neodchází! Don't him go!
    13 Jeďte po této cestě. Go this road.
    12 Vyzvednu tě na letišti. I'll you up at the airport.
    6 Zvykl jsem si na to. I used to it.
    2 Doufejme, že to vyjde. Let's hope it'll off.
    10 Bude to stát spoustu peněz. It'll cost a of money.
    9 Byla okradena dvěma muži. She by two men.
    8 Odjíždím v pátek ráno. I'm leaving Friday morning.
    7 Nejezdím po městě autem. I don't drive the city.

    Ať v rozkazu lze také někdy přeložit pomocí obratu make sure (that) (ujisti se/zajisti, že...) Např.: Make sure you don't lose it. - Ať to neztratíš., Make sure he doesn't break it. - Ať to nerozbije. ap.

    Exercise 25

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    • Přeložte. Použijte nápovědu.

    14 To rád slyším.
    glad
    13 To nevadí.
    mind
    10 Rádi bychom si objednali.
    order
    3 Pokud vím, tak tady není.
    as far as
    4 To je ale překvapení!
    surprise
    9 Změnil jsem názor.
    mind
    6 Nechce se mi tam jít.
    feel like
    8 To by bylo skvělé!
    great
    1 Nevím, jak dlouho to potrvá.
    take
    2 Dám vám vědět co nejdřív.
    as soon as
    11 Platím já! (pití ap.)
    buy
    7 Nejsem z toho zrovna nadšený.
    crazy
    12 Neslyším vás.
    can
    5 Co takhle si dát pivo?
    pint

    Pozor na slovo frekventovaný při překladu do angličtiny! Ve významu častý je to frequent. Chcete-li ale říct, že je něco často navštěvované nebo je zde velký provoz, užije se frequented frɪˈkwεntɪd. Např.: frequented road - frekventovaná silnice.

    Exercise 26

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    • Přeložte.

    13 Nechám to na vás.
    14 Kdybych to měl, dal bych ti to.
    16 Bydlím tady už deset let.
    8 Nesmíš to nikomu říct.
    5 Nevěděl jsem o tom.
    15 Nikdy jsem v Londýně nebyl.
    6 Postarám se o to.
    1 Máte pravdu.
    19 Všechno nejlepší k narozeninám!
    9 Co ještě potřebujete?
    20 Hodně štěstí!
    4 Co se děje?
    17 Jak dlouho už tady čekáte?
    12 Ještě nepřišel.
    7 Nebudu moci přijít.
    10 Nemusíte platit.
    18 Učím se anglicky už dva roky.
    11 Musel jsem tam jít.
    3 Dlouho vás nezdržím.
    2 Mám zpoždění.

    Sidewalk je americký termín. V Británii pro chodník užívají pavement ˈpeɪvmənt! V americké angličtině je ale pavement zpevněná vozovka (asfaltovaný povrch ap.).

    Připoutat se (v autě ap.) se hlavně v americké angličtině hovorově řekne buckle up ˈbʌkəlˌʌp. Např.: Buckle up! - Připoutej(te) se!

    Pozor! Slovo police se v angličtině chová jako podstatné jméno v množném čísle, tedy: The police are ..., The police have ... ap.! Např. The police are after him. - Jde po něm policie., Police say that ... - Policie říká, že...