Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Přeložte.

    11 I'll do my best.
    1 How've you been?
    12 I'd love to, but I can't.
    16 I'll do it asap.
    4 They differ in many ways.
    6 It made him angry.
    3 It's getting worse.
    18 I've been taking driving lessons.
    2 I don't get it.
    5 He has no sense of humour.
    19 I was fined for speeding.
    14 We had the house built.
    17 I'm looking forward to that.
    13 Have we met (before)?
    15 Have you done it yet?
    7 He's known her for years.
    8 He's to come too.
    9 What was I supposed to do?
    10 Can you give me a lift?

    Speeding spiːdɪŋ je překročení povolené rychlosti (speed - rychlost). Speeding ticket je pokuta za rychlost. Např.: He got a speeding ticket. - Dostal pokutu za rychlost.

    Exercise 2

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    • Poslechněte si nahrávku a určete, zda je tvrzení pravdivé (true), nebo nepravdivé (false).

    7 Some 5 million people travel on the tube every day in London.
    2 John had an accident, but it wasn't his fault.
    5 New Yorkers are known to walk a lot around the city.
    4 Americans mostly buy cars made in the US.
    8 The number of yellow cabs in New York is about 13.5 thousand.
    3 They usually don't leave a tip in British pubs.
    1 Bob was fined 400 dollars for driving too fast.
    6 Both the British and Americans like to use trains.

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte odpovídající výroky.

    • 1 I'll keep it on.
    • 2 I won't keep you long.
    • 3 He broke up with her.
    • 4 I'll find out.
    • 5 He made it up.
    • 6 I'll catch up with you.
    • 7 He's missing her.
    • 8 He was fired.
    • a Chybí mu.
    • e Nechám si to na sobě.
    • f Vymyslel si to.
    • c Dostal vyhazov.
    • g Zjistím to.
    • d Rozešel se s ní.
    • b Doženu vás.
    • g Nezdržím tě dlouho.

    Exercise 4

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    5 Did you get my e-mail? - Yes, but I haven't red/read/readed it yet.
    1 Most from/of/in them didn't know.
    8 They took in/off/out a loan to buy a car.
    3 Jane and Bob prepared it himself/themselves/ourselves.
    2 How long will it ask/take/keep to get there? - About an hour.
    9 I'm sorry of/at/about that. I did it by/on/of mistake.
    6 Could you take/get/pick me up at the airport tomorrow?
    4 He wasn't supposed to know. You couldn't/shouldn't/wouldn't have told him.
    7 Come out/on/at. Hurry up! We'll be late.
    10 I usually go in/in/by car, but we met in/at/on the bus.

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte členy, some nebo any, kde třeba.

    4 I bought new car. - What did you do with old one?
    3 Can you lend me money? - I don't have money.
    2 Are there other ways? I can't think of .
    13 Take meat out of bag and put it in fridge.
    1 Is there place where we could have dinner?
    14 I had busy day at work. I'm going to bed.
    6 Can you give me hand? - I don't have time for that.
    11 A boy from US met girl from Europe.
    10 USA and Canada are almost same size.
    7 I had accident when driving to work this morning.
    8 I saw it on TV yesterday when I was watching news.
    9 Would you like more cake? - Yes. I haven't had yet.
    5 Have wine! - Thanks, I don't drink alcohol.
    12 He's American who makes lot of money.

    Exercise 6

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    • Doplňte překlady vět.

    8 Pokud vím... As as I know ...
    7 Kolikrát jsi to už viděl? How many have you seen it?
    14 Co tím myslíte? What do you by that?
    3 Je mi to jedno. I don't (about it).
    4 Budete muset počkat. You'll wait.
    2 Byli jsme okradeni. We were .
    5 Doufám, že ne. I hope .
    13 Bude to hotovo do pátku. It'll be finished Friday.
    10 Lepší by bylo počkat. It better to wait.
    1 Chystám se k odchodu. I'm to leave.
    12 Počkám, až přijde. I'll wait him to come.
    6 Kolik peněz tam je? How money is there?
    11 To jídlo se může zkazit. The food may bad.
    9 Neměl bys mu o tom říkat. You tell him.

    Exercise 7

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    • Spojte související výroky.

    • 1 He had a house built ...
    • 2 I'll tell her about it ...
    • 3 I've been learning English ...
    • 4 I tried to call him ...
    • 5 We had to wait ...
    • 6 I'm really sorry about ...
    • 7 I had a car accident ...
    • 8 He was fined 500 dollars ...
    • e but he isn't answering the phone.
    • c but he sold it soon after.
    • g until they came back.
    • f which made him angry.
    • h although she shouldn't know.
    • b what happened to her.
    • d but it wasn't my fault.
    • a for about two years now.

    Exercise 8

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    2 What's up, man? Long time no sea/see/say. How've you been?
    11 I came at/across/about an interesting article.
    12 I met her in/on/at the bus although I usually go on/in/by car.
    10 I sent it at/to/in his e-mail address at/on/by accident.
    4 I'm trying! - I know but you must try stronger/harder/heavier!
    7 Don't give up. You must stay/keep/last trying.
    9 There will be no meeting. It was called out/away/off.
    13 We didn't meet on/at/by chance. We agreed to meet/meeting/met.
    6 I'm feeling unwell. I'll have to see/meet/reach a doctor.
    8 I'm in a hurry. I must catch/reach/have the bus.
    3 He's a year younger, but he's a head longer/taller/higher than me.
    1 Are you looking forward to it? - Yes, I can't stay/afford/wait to see it.
    5 Are you hungry? - Not right/really/hardly. But I'm thirsty.

    Předložka by také znamená kolem, vedle (o pohybu). Např.: A police car went by. - Kolem projelo policejní auto. Stop by je hovorově stavit se (za někým).

    Exercise 9

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    • Doplňte druhou větu tak, aby měla opačný význam.

    10 I like both beer and wine. - I like beer wine.
    14 What time do you go to bed? - What time do you up?
    5 You must take off your glasses. - You must put your glasses.
    15 He does hardly any work. - He works really .
    12 She calmed him down. - She made him .
    1 I have to work tomorrow. - I'm taking a day tomorrow.
    7 The computer is still on. - The computer is .
    11 It's getting better. - It's getting .
    4 I threw it away. - I it.
    13 They helped me do it. - I did it .
    6 You can get there by car. - You have to there.
    2 He's found a job. - He was .
    8 Don't bring him with you. - Feel to bring him with you.
    9 It cost at least 300. - It cost at 300.
    3 She needn't know about it. - She know about it.

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte správné tvary slovesa v nápovědě.

    5 The house was sell for 20.000.
    3 I've bring some wine.
    6 She was hit by a car.
    9 I give it to him and I think he keep it.
    10 He be here a moment ago and he leave a message for you.
    1 Where be you last night?
    4 He's speak to her.
    8 He have an accident and was take to hospital.
    2 I haven't see you for ages!
    7 They meet years ago and become friends.

    Slovo left znamená též zbylý. Užívá se hlavně ve spojení be left - zbýt, zbývat. Např.: There's nothing left. - Nic nezbylo., I don't have much money left. - Už mi nezbývá moc peněz. ap.

    Exercise 11

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    • Doplňte správnou předložku.

    4 He'll be back ten minutes. You can wait him.
    11 Do you have it you? - No, I left it work.
    10 What disease did he die ? It's not known.
    6 Don't worry that. I'll take care it.
    2 I'll see you Monday 4 p.m.
    12 Thank you so much. It's so nice you.
    7 Who'll be looking the kids when she's gone?
    9 Look these two. Is there any difference them?
    8 They spend all their money food and clothes.
    3 I'm too tired. I can't go .
    5 We'll meet Christmas Eve at 7 p.m. my place.
    1 Only one 20 Americans don't have a car.

    Američané často jako výraz díků říkají: I appreciate it. - Vážím si toho., Oceňuji to. (appreciate əˈpriːʃɪˌeɪt - oceňovat, vážit si)

    Exercise 12

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    • Utvořte otázky. Ptejte se na zvýrazněná slova.

    5 We'll spend the weekend at the seaside.
    3 Nobody else knows about it.
    1 He left for work an hour ago.
    9 He drank five beers.
    2 I've been waiting for an hour.
    7 It cost me over 500 dollars.
    10 I've been learning English for a year.
    8 I haven't sent it yet.
    6 I've known her for 2 years.
    4 I told Bob and Jane about it.

    Exercise 13

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    • Doplňte překlady vět pomocí trpného rodu.

    1 Ukradli mu auto. His car .
    3 Mohli by ho vyhodit z práce. He could .
    6 Tato auta se vyrábí v Japonsku. These cars in Japan.
    10 Ví se o něm, že je bohatý. He to be rich.
    8 Článek napsala dívka. The article by a girl.
    9 Vzali ho na vysokou. He to college.
    11 Viděli ji, jak odchází. She leaving.
    7 Toto slovo se často neužívá. This word often.
    2 Bude povýšena. She'll .
    5 Postavili 3 nové domy. Three new houses .
    12 Našli ji o týden později. She a week later.
    4 Srazilo je nákladní auto. They by a truck.

    I'm flattered. ˈflætəd nebo též I feel flattered. je česky Jsem polichocen.

    Exercise 14

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu tvary slovesa do nebo make.

    10 Please your best. It's very important.
    1 Have you your homework?
    8 I need to a phone call.
    13 This dress me look fat.
    3 Stop fun of me!
    15 it sense to you?
    9 These photos me want to go on holiday.
    11 He a lot of money last year.
    5 I'm running late. I won't it in time.
    14 He it to her angry.
    7 They a lot of damage when they broke in.
    6 We can't without their help.
    4 How did you at school? Were you a good student?
    12 I only have 20 dollars. Will it ?
    2 I've a big mistake.

    Exercise 15

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    • Doplňte odpovědi pomocí slovesa z otázky.

    1 Where did you go on holiday? - We to the seaside.
    8 Did you understand him? - I only a few words.
    3 Did you get my message? - No, I no message.
    6 How many times did you try it? - I it at least five times.
    2 When did he lose his job? - He his job last year.
    4 When did they send it? - They it last night.
    5 How long did you spend there? - We a week there.
    10 Did you write down his name? - No, I his number.
    7 Did you buy any wine? - No, I only food.
    9 How did you feel when you found out? - I really bad.

    Exercise 16

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    • Doplňte správnou předložku.

    12 We'are all very sorry her death.
    4 It's very hot. The temperature is 30 degrees.
    1 Have you ever been the USA?
    7 I'm tired listening to them. I'm leaving.
    10 It was a secret meeting. They met closed doors.
    6 I got it Christmas a friend of mine.
    2 We'll meet the airport.
    9 It looks you are having a great time.
    11 It's not for kids. You must be 18 years old to buy it.
    8 She used to work a teacher.
    3 I'm leaving Paris tomorrow.
    5 It's too hot inside. I'll wait the pub.

    Spojení feel sorry for se užívá, když někoho litujete, be sorry for hlavně při omluvě za svůj čin ap., ale be sorry about se užije o situaci či něčem, co nastalo. Např.: I felt sorry for him. - Bylo mi ho líto., I'm sorry for disturbing you. - Promiňte, že vás ruším. ALE I'm sorry about that. - To mě mrzí. Sorry se může vázat i s infinitivem. Např.: We're sorry to inform you ... - S politováním vám oznamujeme...

    Exercise 17

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    • Napište věty, které uslyšíte. Neužívejte stažené tvary. (Pište celými slovy.)

    5
    2
    1
    8
    7
    4
    10
    3
    9
    6

    Exercise 18

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    • Spojte výroky, které mají opačný význam.

    • 1 He's jobless.
    • 2 He made her angry.
    • 3 He's in good health.
    • 4 I'm enjoying it.
    • 5 He died there.
    • 6 I don't care about her.
    • 7 I have two siblings.
    • 8 I'm really hungry.
    • h He was born there.
    • e He's employed.
    • b I'm tired of it.
    • c I've eaten.
    • f He calmed her down.
    • d I'm an only child.
    • g I'm crazy about her.
    • a He's seriously ill.

    Exercise 19

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    • Doplňte větu posunutou do minulého času s užitím časové souslednosti.

    8 He says he was there. - He said he there.
    4 I suppose you know that. - I supposed you that.
    9 I don't know who did it. - I didn't know who it.
    5 I hope you'll come. - I hoped you come.
    2 I'm afraid they're lost. - I was afraid they lost.
    1 I think she is there. - I thought she there.
    6 She says she'll help us. - She said she help us.
    10 I know what he's going to do. - I knew what he going to do.
    7 I believe he forgot about it. - I believed he it.
    3 I'm sure they have it. - I was sure they it.

    Exercise 20

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    • Přeložte. Použijte nápovědu.

    7 To bude ještě dražší.
    even
    1 Díváme se právě na film.
    just
    8 Co ještě bych měl udělat?
    else
    9 Dám si ještě jedno pivo.
    more
    6 Ještě jsem to nečetl.
    yet
    10 Zkus to ještě jednou.
    again; more
    5 Neviděl jsem ho už měsíce.
    for months
    2 Už jsi to poslal?
    yet
    4 Už odešli.
    already
    3 Právě jsem to dodělal.
    just

    Exercise 21

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    • Doplňte překlady pomocí frázových sloves.

    11 Můžeme to odložit? Can we it off?
    6 Ceny domů vzrostly o... House prices up by ...
    14 (Dávej) pozor! Watch !
    5 Musím se přihlásit v hotelu. I must in at the hotel.
    1 Už jsem zjistil, kolik to stojí. I've out how much it costs.
    2 Měl by nechat kouření. He should up smoking.
    13 Vyrazíme brzy ráno. We'll out early.
    12 Došel mi benzín. I've out of petrol.
    4 Řekni mu, ať se uklidní. Tell him to down.
    3 Chtějí si užít (života). They want to it up.
    7 Mám pustit televizi? Shall I on the TV?
    8 Letadlo už odstartovalo. The plane has off.
    9 Vydržte chvilku. Hold a minute.
    10 Čti dál. on reading.

    Frázové sloveso go for má několik významů. Jeden z nejběžnějších je vybrat si nebo rozhodnout se pro. Např.: I'd go for this one. - Já bych si vybral tento. Ve významu platit pro... se užívá go for stejně jako sloveso apply to əˈplaɪˌtuː. Např.: That goes for you too., That applies to you too. - To platí i pro tebe. ap.

    Jaywalking ˈdʒeɪˌwɔːkɪŋ je neukázněné přecházení silnice. Termín jaywalker ˈdʒeɪˌwɔːkə je neukázněný chodec (přecházející na červenou, mimo přechod ap.).

    Exercise 23

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    • Vyberte správné slovo podle výkladu.

    6 When you get well again after being ill, you have tired/recovered/fainted.
    7 When someone takes your things away, you are broken/robbed/stolen.
    8 When you give someone food, you say: Welcome/Cheers/Help yourself.
    2 When you get divorced/married/bored you become a husband and wife.
    10 The part of a street used for walking is called the jaywalk/sidewalk/walker.
    11 When you've done something many times and you have no problem doing it, you are used to/addicted to/interested in it.
    5 To get a driving licence, you must first make/get/pass a driving test.
    9 An old person who doesn't work anymore is wrapped/retired/admitted.
    3 When a meeting is to take place later, it is put out/away/off.
    4 If you want to eat healthily, you should get/avoid/order junk food.
    1 When two people are not a couple any more, they break up/down/in.

    Obrat to hail a taxi znamená zastavit si taxi (mávnutím). Podobně se užívá fráze wave down a taxi (wave weɪv - mávnout, zamávat).

    Exercise 24

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    • Doplňte překlady.

    12 Vyzvednu tě na letišti. I'll you up at the airport.
    9 Byla okradena dvěma muži. She by two men.
    1 Zamilovala se do něho. She in love with him.
    13 Jeďte po této cestě. Go this road.
    8 Odjíždím v pátek ráno. I'm leaving Friday morning.
    2 Doufejme, že to vyjde. Let's hope it'll off.
    4 Mám (moc) rád italské jídlo. I'm of Italian food.
    5 Nechám to na vás. I'll it up to you.
    11 Mám raději čaj než kávu. I tea to coffee.
    7 Nejezdím po městě autem. I don't drive the city.
    14 Ať neodchází! Don't him go!
    6 Zvykl jsem si na to. I used to it.
    10 Bude to stát spoustu peněz. It'll cost a of money.
    3 To zní zajímavě. That interesting.

    Ať v rozkazu lze také někdy přeložit pomocí obratu make sure (that) (ujisti se/zajisti, že...) Např.: Make sure you don't lose it. - Ať to neztratíš., Make sure he doesn't break it. - Ať to nerozbije. ap.

    Exercise 25

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    • Přeložte. Použijte nápovědu.

    5 Co takhle si dát pivo?
    pint
    11 Platím já! (pití ap.)
    buy
    12 Neslyším vás.
    can
    4 To je ale překvapení!
    surprise
    6 Nechce se mi tam jít.
    feel like
    13 To nevadí.
    mind
    1 Nevím, jak dlouho to potrvá.
    take
    2 Dám vám vědět co nejdřív.
    as soon as
    7 Nejsem z toho zrovna nadšený.
    crazy
    9 Změnil jsem názor.
    mind
    10 Rádi bychom si objednali.
    order
    8 To by bylo skvělé!
    great
    3 Pokud vím, tak tady není.
    as far as
    14 To rád slyším.
    glad

    Pozor na slovo frekventovaný při překladu do angličtiny! Ve významu častý je to frequent. Chcete-li ale říct, že je něco často navštěvované nebo je zde velký provoz, užije se frequented frɪˈkwεntɪd. Např.: frequented road - frekventovaná silnice.

    Exercise 26

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    • Přeložte.

    16 Bydlím tady už deset let.
    2 Mám zpoždění.
    13 Nechám to na vás.
    17 Jak dlouho už tady čekáte?
    10 Nemusíte platit.
    3 Dlouho vás nezdržím.
    18 Učím se anglicky už dva roky.
    14 Kdybych to měl, dal bych ti to.
    6 Postarám se o to.
    7 Nebudu moci přijít.
    1 Máte pravdu.
    20 Hodně štěstí!
    9 Co ještě potřebujete?
    19 Všechno nejlepší k narozeninám!
    4 Co se děje?
    5 Nevěděl jsem o tom.
    12 Ještě nepřišel.
    15 Nikdy jsem v Londýně nebyl.
    11 Musel jsem tam jít.
    8 Nesmíš to nikomu říct.

    Sidewalk je americký termín. V Británii pro chodník užívají pavement ˈpeɪvmənt! V americké angličtině je ale pavement zpevněná vozovka (asfaltovaný povrch ap.).

    Připoutat se (v autě ap.) se hlavně v americké angličtině hovorově řekne buckle up ˈbʌkəlˌʌp. Např.: Buckle up! - Připoutej(te) se!

    Pozor! Slovo police se v angličtině chová jako podstatné jméno v množném čísle, tedy: The police are ..., The police have ... ap.! Např. The police are after him. - Jde po něm policie., Police say that ... - Policie říká, že...