Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Přeložte.

    17 I'm looking forward to that.
    19 I was fined for speeding.
    7 He's known her for years.
    8 He's to come too.
    9 What was I supposed to do?
    12 I'd love to, but I can't.
    15 Have you done it yet?
    10 Can you give me a lift?
    6 It made him angry.
    13 Have we met (before)?
    11 I'll do my best.
    14 We had the house built.
    1 How've you been?
    5 He has no sense of humour.
    16 I'll do it asap.
    18 I've been taking driving lessons.
    4 They differ in many ways.
    2 I don't get it.
    3 It's getting worse.

    Speeding spiːdɪŋ je překročení povolené rychlosti (speed - rychlost). Speeding ticket je pokuta za rychlost. Např.: He got a speeding ticket. - Dostal pokutu za rychlost.

    Exercise 2

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    • Poslechněte si nahrávku a určete, zda je tvrzení pravdivé (true), nebo nepravdivé (false).

    8 The number of yellow cabs in New York is about 13.5 thousand.
    4 Americans mostly buy cars made in the US.
    5 New Yorkers are known to walk a lot around the city.
    7 Some 5 million people travel on the tube every day in London.
    1 Bob was fined 400 dollars for driving too fast.
    2 John had an accident, but it wasn't his fault.
    6 Both the British and Americans like to use trains.
    3 They usually don't leave a tip in British pubs.

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte odpovídající výroky.

    • 1 I'll keep it on.
    • 2 I won't keep you long.
    • 3 He broke up with her.
    • 4 I'll find out.
    • 5 He made it up.
    • 6 I'll catch up with you.
    • 7 He's missing her.
    • 8 He was fired.
    • b Doženu vás.
    • c Dostal vyhazov.
    • g Nezdržím tě dlouho.
    • f Vymyslel si to.
    • d Rozešel se s ní.
    • a Chybí mu.
    • g Zjistím to.
    • e Nechám si to na sobě.

    Exercise 4

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    2 How long will it ask/take/keep to get there? - About an hour.
    7 Come out/on/at. Hurry up! We'll be late.
    5 Did you get my e-mail? - Yes, but I haven't red/read/readed it yet.
    4 He wasn't supposed to know. You couldn't/shouldn't/wouldn't have told him.
    9 I'm sorry of/at/about that. I did it by/on/of mistake.
    8 They took in/off/out a loan to buy a car.
    6 Could you take/get/pick me up at the airport tomorrow?
    1 Most from/of/in them didn't know.
    10 I usually go in/in/by car, but we met in/at/on the bus.
    3 Jane and Bob prepared it himself/themselves/ourselves.

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte členy, some nebo any, kde třeba.

    10 USA and Canada are almost same size.
    6 Can you give me hand? - I don't have time for that.
    4 I bought new car. - What did you do with old one?
    1 Is there place where we could have dinner?
    11 A boy from US met girl from Europe.
    7 I had accident when driving to work this morning.
    8 I saw it on TV yesterday when I was watching news.
    3 Can you lend me money? - I don't have money.
    5 Have wine! - Thanks, I don't drink alcohol.
    13 Take meat out of bag and put it in fridge.
    14 I had busy day at work. I'm going to bed.
    2 Are there other ways? I can't think of .
    9 Would you like more cake? - Yes. I haven't had yet.
    12 He's American who makes lot of money.

    Exercise 6

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    • Doplňte překlady vět.

    10 Lepší by bylo počkat. It better to wait.
    12 Počkám, až přijde. I'll wait him to come.
    1 Chystám se k odchodu. I'm to leave.
    2 Byli jsme okradeni. We were .
    8 Pokud vím... As as I know ...
    9 Neměl bys mu o tom říkat. You tell him.
    6 Kolik peněz tam je? How money is there?
    13 Bude to hotovo do pátku. It'll be finished Friday.
    11 To jídlo se může zkazit. The food may bad.
    14 Co tím myslíte? What do you by that?
    5 Doufám, že ne. I hope .
    7 Kolikrát jsi to už viděl? How many have you seen it?
    4 Budete muset počkat. You'll wait.
    3 Je mi to jedno. I don't (about it).

    Exercise 7

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    • Spojte související výroky.

    • 1 He had a house built ...
    • 2 I'll tell her about it ...
    • 3 I've been learning English ...
    • 4 I tried to call him ...
    • 5 We had to wait ...
    • 6 I'm really sorry about ...
    • 7 I had a car accident ...
    • 8 He was fined 500 dollars ...
    • c but he sold it soon after.
    • h although she shouldn't know.
    • a for about two years now.
    • d but it wasn't my fault.
    • f which made him angry.
    • b what happened to her.
    • e but he isn't answering the phone.
    • g until they came back.

    Exercise 8

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    10 I sent it at/to/in his e-mail address at/on/by accident.
    8 I'm in a hurry. I must catch/reach/have the bus.
    12 I met her in/on/at the bus although I usually go on/in/by car.
    11 I came at/across/about an interesting article.
    9 There will be no meeting. It was called out/away/off.
    1 Are you looking forward to it? - Yes, I can't stay/afford/wait to see it.
    13 We didn't meet on/at/by chance. We agreed to meet/meeting/met.
    2 What's up, man? Long time no sea/see/say. How've you been?
    5 Are you hungry? - Not right/really/hardly. But I'm thirsty.
    3 He's a year younger, but he's a head longer/taller/higher than me.
    4 I'm trying! - I know but you must try stronger/harder/heavier!
    7 Don't give up. You must stay/keep/last trying.
    6 I'm feeling unwell. I'll have to see/meet/reach a doctor.

    Předložka by také znamená kolem, vedle (o pohybu). Např.: A police car went by. - Kolem projelo policejní auto. Stop by je hovorově stavit se (za někým).

    Exercise 9

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    • Doplňte druhou větu tak, aby měla opačný význam.

    11 It's getting better. - It's getting .
    1 I have to work tomorrow. - I'm taking a day tomorrow.
    12 She calmed him down. - She made him .
    14 What time do you go to bed? - What time do you up?
    8 Don't bring him with you. - Feel to bring him with you.
    10 I like both beer and wine. - I like beer wine.
    3 She needn't know about it. - She know about it.
    13 They helped me do it. - I did it .
    2 He's found a job. - He was .
    7 The computer is still on. - The computer is .
    9 It cost at least 300. - It cost at 300.
    5 You must take off your glasses. - You must put your glasses.
    15 He does hardly any work. - He works really .
    4 I threw it away. - I it.
    6 You can get there by car. - You have to there.

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte správné tvary slovesa v nápovědě.

    5 The house was sell for 20.000.
    4 He's speak to her.
    10 He be here a moment ago and he leave a message for you.
    6 She was hit by a car.
    8 He have an accident and was take to hospital.
    3 I've bring some wine.
    2 I haven't see you for ages!
    7 They meet years ago and become friends.
    1 Where be you last night?
    9 I give it to him and I think he keep it.

    Slovo left znamená též zbylý. Užívá se hlavně ve spojení be left - zbýt, zbývat. Např.: There's nothing left. - Nic nezbylo., I don't have much money left. - Už mi nezbývá moc peněz. ap.

    Exercise 11

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    • Doplňte správnou předložku.

    3 I'm too tired. I can't go .
    2 I'll see you Monday 4 p.m.
    9 Look these two. Is there any difference them?
    1 Only one 20 Americans don't have a car.
    11 Do you have it you? - No, I left it work.
    8 They spend all their money food and clothes.
    12 Thank you so much. It's so nice you.
    7 Who'll be looking the kids when she's gone?
    5 We'll meet Christmas Eve at 7 p.m. my place.
    6 Don't worry that. I'll take care it.
    10 What disease did he die ? It's not known.
    4 He'll be back ten minutes. You can wait him.

    Američané často jako výraz díků říkají: I appreciate it. - Vážím si toho., Oceňuji to. (appreciate əˈpriːʃɪˌeɪt - oceňovat, vážit si)

    Exercise 12

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    • Utvořte otázky. Ptejte se na zvýrazněná slova.

    5 We'll spend the weekend at the seaside.
    7 It cost me over 500 dollars.
    4 I told Bob and Jane about it.
    9 He drank five beers.
    10 I've been learning English for a year.
    8 I haven't sent it yet.
    3 Nobody else knows about it.
    6 I've known her for 2 years.
    1 He left for work an hour ago.
    2 I've been waiting for an hour.

    Exercise 13

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    • Doplňte překlady vět pomocí trpného rodu.

    3 Mohli by ho vyhodit z práce. He could .
    11 Viděli ji, jak odchází. She leaving.
    5 Postavili 3 nové domy. Three new houses .
    10 Ví se o něm, že je bohatý. He to be rich.
    2 Bude povýšena. She'll .
    8 Článek napsala dívka. The article by a girl.
    7 Toto slovo se často neužívá. This word often.
    6 Tato auta se vyrábí v Japonsku. These cars in Japan.
    9 Vzali ho na vysokou. He to college.
    1 Ukradli mu auto. His car .
    4 Srazilo je nákladní auto. They by a truck.
    12 Našli ji o týden později. She a week later.

    I'm flattered. ˈflætəd nebo též I feel flattered. je česky Jsem polichocen.

    Exercise 14

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu tvary slovesa do nebo make.

    1 Have you your homework?
    6 We can't without their help.
    9 These photos me want to go on holiday.
    10 Please your best. It's very important.
    5 I'm running late. I won't it in time.
    11 He a lot of money last year.
    4 How did you at school? Were you a good student?
    8 I need to a phone call.
    2 I've a big mistake.
    13 This dress me look fat.
    7 They a lot of damage when they broke in.
    14 He it to her angry.
    3 Stop fun of me!
    15 it sense to you?
    12 I only have 20 dollars. Will it ?

    Exercise 15

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    • Doplňte odpovědi pomocí slovesa z otázky.

    10 Did you write down his name? - No, I his number.
    6 How many times did you try it? - I it at least five times.
    9 How did you feel when you found out? - I really bad.
    5 How long did you spend there? - We a week there.
    2 When did he lose his job? - He his job last year.
    1 Where did you go on holiday? - We to the seaside.
    3 Did you get my message? - No, I no message.
    4 When did they send it? - They it last night.
    8 Did you understand him? - I only a few words.
    7 Did you buy any wine? - No, I only food.

    Exercise 16

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    • Doplňte správnou předložku.

    3 I'm leaving Paris tomorrow.
    7 I'm tired listening to them. I'm leaving.
    1 Have you ever been the USA?
    2 We'll meet the airport.
    9 It looks you are having a great time.
    5 It's too hot inside. I'll wait the pub.
    6 I got it Christmas a friend of mine.
    10 It was a secret meeting. They met closed doors.
    4 It's very hot. The temperature is 30 degrees.
    12 We'are all very sorry her death.
    8 She used to work a teacher.
    11 It's not for kids. You must be 18 years old to buy it.

    Spojení feel sorry for se užívá, když někoho litujete, be sorry for hlavně při omluvě za svůj čin ap., ale be sorry about se užije o situaci či něčem, co nastalo. Např.: I felt sorry for him. - Bylo mi ho líto., I'm sorry for disturbing you. - Promiňte, že vás ruším. ALE I'm sorry about that. - To mě mrzí. Sorry se může vázat i s infinitivem. Např.: We're sorry to inform you ... - S politováním vám oznamujeme...

    Exercise 17

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    • Napište věty, které uslyšíte. Neužívejte stažené tvary. (Pište celými slovy.)

    8
    4
    3
    2
    6
    1
    9
    10
    7
    5

    Exercise 18

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    • Spojte výroky, které mají opačný význam.

    • 1 He's jobless.
    • 2 He made her angry.
    • 3 He's in good health.
    • 4 I'm enjoying it.
    • 5 He died there.
    • 6 I don't care about her.
    • 7 I have two siblings.
    • 8 I'm really hungry.
    • a He's seriously ill.
    • d I'm an only child.
    • b I'm tired of it.
    • h He was born there.
    • g I'm crazy about her.
    • e He's employed.
    • f He calmed her down.
    • c I've eaten.

    Exercise 19

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    • Doplňte větu posunutou do minulého času s užitím časové souslednosti.

    1 I think she is there. - I thought she there.
    10 I know what he's going to do. - I knew what he going to do.
    7 I believe he forgot about it. - I believed he it.
    6 She says she'll help us. - She said she help us.
    8 He says he was there. - He said he there.
    9 I don't know who did it. - I didn't know who it.
    3 I'm sure they have it. - I was sure they it.
    5 I hope you'll come. - I hoped you come.
    2 I'm afraid they're lost. - I was afraid they lost.
    4 I suppose you know that. - I supposed you that.

    Exercise 20

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    • Přeložte. Použijte nápovědu.

    2 Už jsi to poslal?
    yet
    9 Dám si ještě jedno pivo.
    more
    6 Ještě jsem to nečetl.
    yet
    7 To bude ještě dražší.
    even
    1 Díváme se právě na film.
    just
    3 Právě jsem to dodělal.
    just
    4 Už odešli.
    already
    10 Zkus to ještě jednou.
    again; more
    5 Neviděl jsem ho už měsíce.
    for months
    8 Co ještě bych měl udělat?
    else

    Exercise 21

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    • Doplňte překlady pomocí frázových sloves.

    4 Řekni mu, ať se uklidní. Tell him to down.
    10 Čti dál. on reading.
    13 Vyrazíme brzy ráno. We'll out early.
    2 Měl by nechat kouření. He should up smoking.
    5 Musím se přihlásit v hotelu. I must in at the hotel.
    1 Už jsem zjistil, kolik to stojí. I've out how much it costs.
    12 Došel mi benzín. I've out of petrol.
    3 Chtějí si užít (života). They want to it up.
    14 (Dávej) pozor! Watch !
    6 Ceny domů vzrostly o... House prices up by ...
    7 Mám pustit televizi? Shall I on the TV?
    8 Letadlo už odstartovalo. The plane has off.
    9 Vydržte chvilku. Hold a minute.
    11 Můžeme to odložit? Can we it off?

    Frázové sloveso go for má několik významů. Jeden z nejběžnějších je vybrat si nebo rozhodnout se pro. Např.: I'd go for this one. - Já bych si vybral tento. Ve významu platit pro... se užívá go for stejně jako sloveso apply to əˈplaɪˌtuː. Např.: That goes for you too., That applies to you too. - To platí i pro tebe. ap.

    Jaywalking ˈdʒeɪˌwɔːkɪŋ je neukázněné přecházení silnice. Termín jaywalker ˈdʒeɪˌwɔːkə je neukázněný chodec (přecházející na červenou, mimo přechod ap.).

    Exercise 23

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    • Vyberte správné slovo podle výkladu.

    7 When someone takes your things away, you are broken/robbed/stolen.
    3 When a meeting is to take place later, it is put out/away/off.
    9 An old person who doesn't work anymore is wrapped/retired/admitted.
    11 When you've done something many times and you have no problem doing it, you are used to/addicted to/interested in it.
    1 When two people are not a couple any more, they break up/down/in.
    6 When you get well again after being ill, you have tired/recovered/fainted.
    4 If you want to eat healthily, you should get/avoid/order junk food.
    5 To get a driving licence, you must first make/get/pass a driving test.
    8 When you give someone food, you say: Welcome/Cheers/Help yourself.
    2 When you get divorced/married/bored you become a husband and wife.
    10 The part of a street used for walking is called the jaywalk/sidewalk/walker.

    Obrat to hail a taxi znamená zastavit si taxi (mávnutím). Podobně se užívá fráze wave down a taxi (wave weɪv - mávnout, zamávat).

    Exercise 24

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    • Doplňte překlady.

    7 Nejezdím po městě autem. I don't drive the city.
    8 Odjíždím v pátek ráno. I'm leaving Friday morning.
    9 Byla okradena dvěma muži. She by two men.
    2 Doufejme, že to vyjde. Let's hope it'll off.
    10 Bude to stát spoustu peněz. It'll cost a of money.
    12 Vyzvednu tě na letišti. I'll you up at the airport.
    1 Zamilovala se do něho. She in love with him.
    13 Jeďte po této cestě. Go this road.
    11 Mám raději čaj než kávu. I tea to coffee.
    5 Nechám to na vás. I'll it up to you.
    4 Mám (moc) rád italské jídlo. I'm of Italian food.
    6 Zvykl jsem si na to. I used to it.
    3 To zní zajímavě. That interesting.
    14 Ať neodchází! Don't him go!

    Ať v rozkazu lze také někdy přeložit pomocí obratu make sure (that) (ujisti se/zajisti, že...) Např.: Make sure you don't lose it. - Ať to neztratíš., Make sure he doesn't break it. - Ať to nerozbije. ap.

    Exercise 25

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    • Přeložte. Použijte nápovědu.

    14 To rád slyším.
    glad
    11 Platím já! (pití ap.)
    buy
    12 Neslyším vás.
    can
    13 To nevadí.
    mind
    9 Změnil jsem názor.
    mind
    1 Nevím, jak dlouho to potrvá.
    take
    10 Rádi bychom si objednali.
    order
    5 Co takhle si dát pivo?
    pint
    6 Nechce se mi tam jít.
    feel like
    7 Nejsem z toho zrovna nadšený.
    crazy
    4 To je ale překvapení!
    surprise
    3 Pokud vím, tak tady není.
    as far as
    2 Dám vám vědět co nejdřív.
    as soon as
    8 To by bylo skvělé!
    great

    Pozor na slovo frekventovaný při překladu do angličtiny! Ve významu častý je to frequent. Chcete-li ale říct, že je něco často navštěvované nebo je zde velký provoz, užije se frequented frɪˈkwεntɪd. Např.: frequented road - frekventovaná silnice.

    Exercise 26

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    • Přeložte.

    8 Nesmíš to nikomu říct.
    3 Dlouho vás nezdržím.
    18 Učím se anglicky už dva roky.
    10 Nemusíte platit.
    16 Bydlím tady už deset let.
    5 Nevěděl jsem o tom.
    20 Hodně štěstí!
    11 Musel jsem tam jít.
    1 Máte pravdu.
    14 Kdybych to měl, dal bych ti to.
    15 Nikdy jsem v Londýně nebyl.
    13 Nechám to na vás.
    9 Co ještě potřebujete?
    6 Postarám se o to.
    19 Všechno nejlepší k narozeninám!
    17 Jak dlouho už tady čekáte?
    7 Nebudu moci přijít.
    2 Mám zpoždění.
    12 Ještě nepřišel.
    4 Co se děje?

    Sidewalk je americký termín. V Británii pro chodník užívají pavement ˈpeɪvmənt! V americké angličtině je ale pavement zpevněná vozovka (asfaltovaný povrch ap.).

    Připoutat se (v autě ap.) se hlavně v americké angličtině hovorově řekne buckle up ˈbʌkəlˌʌp. Např.: Buckle up! - Připoutej(te) se!

    Pozor! Slovo police se v angličtině chová jako podstatné jméno v množném čísle, tedy: The police are ..., The police have ... ap.! Např. The police are after him. - Jde po něm policie., Police say that ... - Policie říká, že...