Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Přeložte.

    10 Can you give me a lift?
    16 I'll do it asap.
    3 It's getting worse.
    19 I was fined for speeding.
    2 I don't get it.
    14 We had the house built.
    6 It made him angry.
    15 Have you done it yet?
    4 They differ in many ways.
    17 I'm looking forward to that.
    18 I've been taking driving lessons.
    12 I'd love to, but I can't.
    9 What was I supposed to do?
    5 He has no sense of humour.
    7 He's known her for years.
    8 He's to come too.
    11 I'll do my best.
    13 Have we met (before)?
    1 How've you been?

    Speeding spiːdɪŋ je překročení povolené rychlosti (speed - rychlost). Speeding ticket je pokuta za rychlost. Např.: He got a speeding ticket. - Dostal pokutu za rychlost.

    Exercise 2

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    • Poslechněte si nahrávku a určete, zda je tvrzení pravdivé (true), nebo nepravdivé (false).

    6 Both the British and Americans like to use trains.
    4 Americans mostly buy cars made in the US.
    3 They usually don't leave a tip in British pubs.
    1 Bob was fined 400 dollars for driving too fast.
    2 John had an accident, but it wasn't his fault.
    7 Some 5 million people travel on the tube every day in London.
    5 New Yorkers are known to walk a lot around the city.
    8 The number of yellow cabs in New York is about 13.5 thousand.

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte odpovídající výroky.

    • 1 I'll keep it on.
    • 2 I won't keep you long.
    • 3 He broke up with her.
    • 4 I'll find out.
    • 5 He made it up.
    • 6 I'll catch up with you.
    • 7 He's missing her.
    • 8 He was fired.
    • f Vymyslel si to.
    • g Nezdržím tě dlouho.
    • b Doženu vás.
    • e Nechám si to na sobě.
    • g Zjistím to.
    • a Chybí mu.
    • d Rozešel se s ní.
    • c Dostal vyhazov.

    Exercise 4

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    2 How long will it ask/take/keep to get there? - About an hour.
    3 Jane and Bob prepared it himself/themselves/ourselves.
    4 He wasn't supposed to know. You couldn't/shouldn't/wouldn't have told him.
    1 Most from/of/in them didn't know.
    9 I'm sorry of/at/about that. I did it by/on/of mistake.
    8 They took in/off/out a loan to buy a car.
    6 Could you take/get/pick me up at the airport tomorrow?
    7 Come out/on/at. Hurry up! We'll be late.
    5 Did you get my e-mail? - Yes, but I haven't red/read/readed it yet.
    10 I usually go in/in/by car, but we met in/at/on the bus.

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte členy, some nebo any, kde třeba.

    9 Would you like more cake? - Yes. I haven't had yet.
    13 Take meat out of bag and put it in fridge.
    10 USA and Canada are almost same size.
    11 A boy from US met girl from Europe.
    4 I bought new car. - What did you do with old one?
    3 Can you lend me money? - I don't have money.
    7 I had accident when driving to work this morning.
    6 Can you give me hand? - I don't have time for that.
    8 I saw it on TV yesterday when I was watching news.
    5 Have wine! - Thanks, I don't drink alcohol.
    1 Is there place where we could have dinner?
    14 I had busy day at work. I'm going to bed.
    12 He's American who makes lot of money.
    2 Are there other ways? I can't think of .

    Exercise 6

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    • Doplňte překlady vět.

    13 Bude to hotovo do pátku. It'll be finished Friday.
    10 Lepší by bylo počkat. It better to wait.
    8 Pokud vím... As as I know ...
    1 Chystám se k odchodu. I'm to leave.
    4 Budete muset počkat. You'll wait.
    6 Kolik peněz tam je? How money is there?
    5 Doufám, že ne. I hope .
    2 Byli jsme okradeni. We were .
    12 Počkám, až přijde. I'll wait him to come.
    3 Je mi to jedno. I don't (about it).
    11 To jídlo se může zkazit. The food may bad.
    7 Kolikrát jsi to už viděl? How many have you seen it?
    9 Neměl bys mu o tom říkat. You tell him.
    14 Co tím myslíte? What do you by that?

    Exercise 7

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    • Spojte související výroky.

    • 1 He had a house built ...
    • 2 I'll tell her about it ...
    • 3 I've been learning English ...
    • 4 I tried to call him ...
    • 5 We had to wait ...
    • 6 I'm really sorry about ...
    • 7 I had a car accident ...
    • 8 He was fined 500 dollars ...
    • c but he sold it soon after.
    • e but he isn't answering the phone.
    • a for about two years now.
    • d but it wasn't my fault.
    • f which made him angry.
    • h although she shouldn't know.
    • b what happened to her.
    • g until they came back.

    Exercise 8

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    8 I'm in a hurry. I must catch/reach/have the bus.
    11 I came at/across/about an interesting article.
    1 Are you looking forward to it? - Yes, I can't stay/afford/wait to see it.
    3 He's a year younger, but he's a head longer/taller/higher than me.
    4 I'm trying! - I know but you must try stronger/harder/heavier!
    9 There will be no meeting. It was called out/away/off.
    6 I'm feeling unwell. I'll have to see/meet/reach a doctor.
    12 I met her in/on/at the bus although I usually go on/in/by car.
    2 What's up, man? Long time no sea/see/say. How've you been?
    13 We didn't meet on/at/by chance. We agreed to meet/meeting/met.
    5 Are you hungry? - Not right/really/hardly. But I'm thirsty.
    10 I sent it at/to/in his e-mail address at/on/by accident.
    7 Don't give up. You must stay/keep/last trying.

    Předložka by také znamená kolem, vedle (o pohybu). Např.: A police car went by. - Kolem projelo policejní auto. Stop by je hovorově stavit se (za někým).

    Exercise 9

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    • Doplňte druhou větu tak, aby měla opačný význam.

    3 She needn't know about it. - She know about it.
    5 You must take off your glasses. - You must put your glasses.
    12 She calmed him down. - She made him .
    10 I like both beer and wine. - I like beer wine.
    7 The computer is still on. - The computer is .
    8 Don't bring him with you. - Feel to bring him with you.
    4 I threw it away. - I it.
    2 He's found a job. - He was .
    1 I have to work tomorrow. - I'm taking a day tomorrow.
    14 What time do you go to bed? - What time do you up?
    6 You can get there by car. - You have to there.
    11 It's getting better. - It's getting .
    15 He does hardly any work. - He works really .
    9 It cost at least 300. - It cost at 300.
    13 They helped me do it. - I did it .

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte správné tvary slovesa v nápovědě.

    5 The house was sell for 20.000.
    3 I've bring some wine.
    4 He's speak to her.
    1 Where be you last night?
    6 She was hit by a car.
    2 I haven't see you for ages!
    7 They meet years ago and become friends.
    10 He be here a moment ago and he leave a message for you.
    9 I give it to him and I think he keep it.
    8 He have an accident and was take to hospital.

    Slovo left znamená též zbylý. Užívá se hlavně ve spojení be left - zbýt, zbývat. Např.: There's nothing left. - Nic nezbylo., I don't have much money left. - Už mi nezbývá moc peněz. ap.

    Exercise 11

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    • Doplňte správnou předložku.

    4 He'll be back ten minutes. You can wait him.
    11 Do you have it you? - No, I left it work.
    1 Only one 20 Americans don't have a car.
    3 I'm too tired. I can't go .
    12 Thank you so much. It's so nice you.
    2 I'll see you Monday 4 p.m.
    7 Who'll be looking the kids when she's gone?
    6 Don't worry that. I'll take care it.
    10 What disease did he die ? It's not known.
    9 Look these two. Is there any difference them?
    5 We'll meet Christmas Eve at 7 p.m. my place.
    8 They spend all their money food and clothes.

    Američané často jako výraz díků říkají: I appreciate it. - Vážím si toho., Oceňuji to. (appreciate əˈpriːʃɪˌeɪt - oceňovat, vážit si)

    Exercise 12

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    • Utvořte otázky. Ptejte se na zvýrazněná slova.

    6 I've known her for 2 years.
    8 I haven't sent it yet.
    4 I told Bob and Jane about it.
    7 It cost me over 500 dollars.
    2 I've been waiting for an hour.
    5 We'll spend the weekend at the seaside.
    3 Nobody else knows about it.
    1 He left for work an hour ago.
    9 He drank five beers.
    10 I've been learning English for a year.

    Exercise 13

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    • Doplňte překlady vět pomocí trpného rodu.

    5 Postavili 3 nové domy. Three new houses .
    11 Viděli ji, jak odchází. She leaving.
    3 Mohli by ho vyhodit z práce. He could .
    10 Ví se o něm, že je bohatý. He to be rich.
    1 Ukradli mu auto. His car .
    2 Bude povýšena. She'll .
    4 Srazilo je nákladní auto. They by a truck.
    12 Našli ji o týden později. She a week later.
    6 Tato auta se vyrábí v Japonsku. These cars in Japan.
    9 Vzali ho na vysokou. He to college.
    8 Článek napsala dívka. The article by a girl.
    7 Toto slovo se často neužívá. This word often.

    I'm flattered. ˈflætəd nebo též I feel flattered. je česky Jsem polichocen.

    Exercise 14

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu tvary slovesa do nebo make.

    13 This dress me look fat.
    4 How did you at school? Were you a good student?
    12 I only have 20 dollars. Will it ?
    1 Have you your homework?
    10 Please your best. It's very important.
    5 I'm running late. I won't it in time.
    9 These photos me want to go on holiday.
    15 it sense to you?
    6 We can't without their help.
    7 They a lot of damage when they broke in.
    11 He a lot of money last year.
    14 He it to her angry.
    2 I've a big mistake.
    3 Stop fun of me!
    8 I need to a phone call.

    Exercise 15

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    • Doplňte odpovědi pomocí slovesa z otázky.

    9 How did you feel when you found out? - I really bad.
    10 Did you write down his name? - No, I his number.
    2 When did he lose his job? - He his job last year.
    6 How many times did you try it? - I it at least five times.
    4 When did they send it? - They it last night.
    3 Did you get my message? - No, I no message.
    5 How long did you spend there? - We a week there.
    1 Where did you go on holiday? - We to the seaside.
    7 Did you buy any wine? - No, I only food.
    8 Did you understand him? - I only a few words.

    Exercise 16

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    • Doplňte správnou předložku.

    5 It's too hot inside. I'll wait the pub.
    4 It's very hot. The temperature is 30 degrees.
    8 She used to work a teacher.
    7 I'm tired listening to them. I'm leaving.
    2 We'll meet the airport.
    11 It's not for kids. You must be 18 years old to buy it.
    1 Have you ever been the USA?
    3 I'm leaving Paris tomorrow.
    6 I got it Christmas a friend of mine.
    9 It looks you are having a great time.
    12 We'are all very sorry her death.
    10 It was a secret meeting. They met closed doors.

    Spojení feel sorry for se užívá, když někoho litujete, be sorry for hlavně při omluvě za svůj čin ap., ale be sorry about se užije o situaci či něčem, co nastalo. Např.: I felt sorry for him. - Bylo mi ho líto., I'm sorry for disturbing you. - Promiňte, že vás ruším. ALE I'm sorry about that. - To mě mrzí. Sorry se může vázat i s infinitivem. Např.: We're sorry to inform you ... - S politováním vám oznamujeme...

    Exercise 17

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    • Napište věty, které uslyšíte. Neužívejte stažené tvary. (Pište celými slovy.)

    6
    10
    2
    8
    7
    5
    3
    1
    4
    9

    Exercise 18

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    • Spojte výroky, které mají opačný význam.

    • 1 He's jobless.
    • 2 He made her angry.
    • 3 He's in good health.
    • 4 I'm enjoying it.
    • 5 He died there.
    • 6 I don't care about her.
    • 7 I have two siblings.
    • 8 I'm really hungry.
    • h He was born there.
    • e He's employed.
    • a He's seriously ill.
    • b I'm tired of it.
    • d I'm an only child.
    • f He calmed her down.
    • c I've eaten.
    • g I'm crazy about her.

    Exercise 19

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    • Doplňte větu posunutou do minulého času s užitím časové souslednosti.

    2 I'm afraid they're lost. - I was afraid they lost.
    4 I suppose you know that. - I supposed you that.
    5 I hope you'll come. - I hoped you come.
    3 I'm sure they have it. - I was sure they it.
    6 She says she'll help us. - She said she help us.
    9 I don't know who did it. - I didn't know who it.
    7 I believe he forgot about it. - I believed he it.
    1 I think she is there. - I thought she there.
    10 I know what he's going to do. - I knew what he going to do.
    8 He says he was there. - He said he there.

    Exercise 20

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    • Přeložte. Použijte nápovědu.

    10 Zkus to ještě jednou.
    again; more
    1 Díváme se právě na film.
    just
    8 Co ještě bych měl udělat?
    else
    6 Ještě jsem to nečetl.
    yet
    2 Už jsi to poslal?
    yet
    7 To bude ještě dražší.
    even
    3 Právě jsem to dodělal.
    just
    5 Neviděl jsem ho už měsíce.
    for months
    9 Dám si ještě jedno pivo.
    more
    4 Už odešli.
    already

    Exercise 21

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    • Doplňte překlady pomocí frázových sloves.

    12 Došel mi benzín. I've out of petrol.
    5 Musím se přihlásit v hotelu. I must in at the hotel.
    9 Vydržte chvilku. Hold a minute.
    10 Čti dál. on reading.
    2 Měl by nechat kouření. He should up smoking.
    7 Mám pustit televizi? Shall I on the TV?
    13 Vyrazíme brzy ráno. We'll out early.
    3 Chtějí si užít (života). They want to it up.
    4 Řekni mu, ať se uklidní. Tell him to down.
    8 Letadlo už odstartovalo. The plane has off.
    1 Už jsem zjistil, kolik to stojí. I've out how much it costs.
    11 Můžeme to odložit? Can we it off?
    14 (Dávej) pozor! Watch !
    6 Ceny domů vzrostly o... House prices up by ...

    Frázové sloveso go for má několik významů. Jeden z nejběžnějších je vybrat si nebo rozhodnout se pro. Např.: I'd go for this one. - Já bych si vybral tento. Ve významu platit pro... se užívá go for stejně jako sloveso apply to əˈplaɪˌtuː. Např.: That goes for you too., That applies to you too. - To platí i pro tebe. ap.

    Jaywalking ˈdʒeɪˌwɔːkɪŋ je neukázněné přecházení silnice. Termín jaywalker ˈdʒeɪˌwɔːkə je neukázněný chodec (přecházející na červenou, mimo přechod ap.).

    Exercise 23

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    • Vyberte správné slovo podle výkladu.

    5 To get a driving licence, you must first make/get/pass a driving test.
    8 When you give someone food, you say: Welcome/Cheers/Help yourself.
    3 When a meeting is to take place later, it is put out/away/off.
    10 The part of a street used for walking is called the jaywalk/sidewalk/walker.
    11 When you've done something many times and you have no problem doing it, you are used to/addicted to/interested in it.
    4 If you want to eat healthily, you should get/avoid/order junk food.
    6 When you get well again after being ill, you have tired/recovered/fainted.
    2 When you get divorced/married/bored you become a husband and wife.
    7 When someone takes your things away, you are broken/robbed/stolen.
    1 When two people are not a couple any more, they break up/down/in.
    9 An old person who doesn't work anymore is wrapped/retired/admitted.

    Obrat to hail a taxi znamená zastavit si taxi (mávnutím). Podobně se užívá fráze wave down a taxi (wave weɪv - mávnout, zamávat).

    Exercise 24

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    • Doplňte překlady.

    11 Mám raději čaj než kávu. I tea to coffee.
    5 Nechám to na vás. I'll it up to you.
    14 Ať neodchází! Don't him go!
    7 Nejezdím po městě autem. I don't drive the city.
    1 Zamilovala se do něho. She in love with him.
    9 Byla okradena dvěma muži. She by two men.
    6 Zvykl jsem si na to. I used to it.
    10 Bude to stát spoustu peněz. It'll cost a of money.
    3 To zní zajímavě. That interesting.
    8 Odjíždím v pátek ráno. I'm leaving Friday morning.
    13 Jeďte po této cestě. Go this road.
    12 Vyzvednu tě na letišti. I'll you up at the airport.
    4 Mám (moc) rád italské jídlo. I'm of Italian food.
    2 Doufejme, že to vyjde. Let's hope it'll off.

    Ať v rozkazu lze také někdy přeložit pomocí obratu make sure (that) (ujisti se/zajisti, že...) Např.: Make sure you don't lose it. - Ať to neztratíš., Make sure he doesn't break it. - Ať to nerozbije. ap.

    Exercise 25

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    • Přeložte. Použijte nápovědu.

    14 To rád slyším.
    glad
    10 Rádi bychom si objednali.
    order
    4 To je ale překvapení!
    surprise
    9 Změnil jsem názor.
    mind
    5 Co takhle si dát pivo?
    pint
    8 To by bylo skvělé!
    great
    6 Nechce se mi tam jít.
    feel like
    3 Pokud vím, tak tady není.
    as far as
    11 Platím já! (pití ap.)
    buy
    12 Neslyším vás.
    can
    7 Nejsem z toho zrovna nadšený.
    crazy
    2 Dám vám vědět co nejdřív.
    as soon as
    1 Nevím, jak dlouho to potrvá.
    take
    13 To nevadí.
    mind

    Pozor na slovo frekventovaný při překladu do angličtiny! Ve významu častý je to frequent. Chcete-li ale říct, že je něco často navštěvované nebo je zde velký provoz, užije se frequented frɪˈkwεntɪd. Např.: frequented road - frekventovaná silnice.

    Exercise 26

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    • Přeložte.

    3 Dlouho vás nezdržím.
    17 Jak dlouho už tady čekáte?
    7 Nebudu moci přijít.
    4 Co se děje?
    5 Nevěděl jsem o tom.
    14 Kdybych to měl, dal bych ti to.
    8 Nesmíš to nikomu říct.
    20 Hodně štěstí!
    10 Nemusíte platit.
    9 Co ještě potřebujete?
    6 Postarám se o to.
    15 Nikdy jsem v Londýně nebyl.
    18 Učím se anglicky už dva roky.
    12 Ještě nepřišel.
    19 Všechno nejlepší k narozeninám!
    16 Bydlím tady už deset let.
    11 Musel jsem tam jít.
    13 Nechám to na vás.
    1 Máte pravdu.
    2 Mám zpoždění.

    Sidewalk je americký termín. V Británii pro chodník užívají pavement ˈpeɪvmənt! V americké angličtině je ale pavement zpevněná vozovka (asfaltovaný povrch ap.).

    Připoutat se (v autě ap.) se hlavně v americké angličtině hovorově řekne buckle up ˈbʌkəlˌʌp. Např.: Buckle up! - Připoutej(te) se!

    Pozor! Slovo police se v angličtině chová jako podstatné jméno v množném čísle, tedy: The police are ..., The police have ... ap.! Např. The police are after him. - Jde po něm policie., Police say that ... - Policie říká, že...