Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Přeložte.

    15 Have you done it yet?
    11 I'll do my best.
    6 It made him angry.
    10 Can you give me a lift?
    7 He's known her for years.
    5 He has no sense of humour.
    14 We had the house built.
    3 It's getting worse.
    13 Have we met (before)?
    18 I've been taking driving lessons.
    8 He's to come too.
    2 I don't get it.
    4 They differ in many ways.
    16 I'll do it asap.
    19 I was fined for speeding.
    17 I'm looking forward to that.
    1 How've you been?
    9 What was I supposed to do?
    12 I'd love to, but I can't.

    Speeding spiːdɪŋ je překročení povolené rychlosti (speed - rychlost). Speeding ticket je pokuta za rychlost. Např.: He got a speeding ticket. - Dostal pokutu za rychlost.

    Exercise 2

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    • Poslechněte si nahrávku a určete, zda je tvrzení pravdivé (true), nebo nepravdivé (false).

    1 Bob was fined 400 dollars for driving too fast.
    3 They usually don't leave a tip in British pubs.
    5 New Yorkers are known to walk a lot around the city.
    2 John had an accident, but it wasn't his fault.
    4 Americans mostly buy cars made in the US.
    8 The number of yellow cabs in New York is about 13.5 thousand.
    6 Both the British and Americans like to use trains.
    7 Some 5 million people travel on the tube every day in London.

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte odpovídající výroky.

    • 1 I'll keep it on.
    • 2 I won't keep you long.
    • 3 He broke up with her.
    • 4 I'll find out.
    • 5 He made it up.
    • 6 I'll catch up with you.
    • 7 He's missing her.
    • 8 He was fired.
    • a Chybí mu.
    • c Dostal vyhazov.
    • g Nezdržím tě dlouho.
    • b Doženu vás.
    • f Vymyslel si to.
    • g Zjistím to.
    • e Nechám si to na sobě.
    • d Rozešel se s ní.

    Exercise 4

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    10 I usually go in/in/by car, but we met in/at/on the bus.
    3 Jane and Bob prepared it himself/themselves/ourselves.
    9 I'm sorry of/at/about that. I did it by/on/of mistake.
    7 Come out/on/at. Hurry up! We'll be late.
    2 How long will it ask/take/keep to get there? - About an hour.
    4 He wasn't supposed to know. You couldn't/shouldn't/wouldn't have told him.
    1 Most from/of/in them didn't know.
    8 They took in/off/out a loan to buy a car.
    6 Could you take/get/pick me up at the airport tomorrow?
    5 Did you get my e-mail? - Yes, but I haven't red/read/readed it yet.

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte členy, some nebo any, kde třeba.

    12 He's American who makes lot of money.
    10 USA and Canada are almost same size.
    6 Can you give me hand? - I don't have time for that.
    3 Can you lend me money? - I don't have money.
    11 A boy from US met girl from Europe.
    4 I bought new car. - What did you do with old one?
    1 Is there place where we could have dinner?
    14 I had busy day at work. I'm going to bed.
    13 Take meat out of bag and put it in fridge.
    8 I saw it on TV yesterday when I was watching news.
    7 I had accident when driving to work this morning.
    2 Are there other ways? I can't think of .
    9 Would you like more cake? - Yes. I haven't had yet.
    5 Have wine! - Thanks, I don't drink alcohol.

    Exercise 6

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    • Doplňte překlady vět.

    2 Byli jsme okradeni. We were .
    8 Pokud vím... As as I know ...
    9 Neměl bys mu o tom říkat. You tell him.
    6 Kolik peněz tam je? How money is there?
    1 Chystám se k odchodu. I'm to leave.
    4 Budete muset počkat. You'll wait.
    11 To jídlo se může zkazit. The food may bad.
    3 Je mi to jedno. I don't (about it).
    12 Počkám, až přijde. I'll wait him to come.
    10 Lepší by bylo počkat. It better to wait.
    7 Kolikrát jsi to už viděl? How many have you seen it?
    13 Bude to hotovo do pátku. It'll be finished Friday.
    5 Doufám, že ne. I hope .
    14 Co tím myslíte? What do you by that?

    Exercise 7

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    • Spojte související výroky.

    • 1 He had a house built ...
    • 2 I'll tell her about it ...
    • 3 I've been learning English ...
    • 4 I tried to call him ...
    • 5 We had to wait ...
    • 6 I'm really sorry about ...
    • 7 I had a car accident ...
    • 8 He was fined 500 dollars ...
    • f which made him angry.
    • b what happened to her.
    • h although she shouldn't know.
    • c but he sold it soon after.
    • d but it wasn't my fault.
    • a for about two years now.
    • e but he isn't answering the phone.
    • g until they came back.

    Exercise 8

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    11 I came at/across/about an interesting article.
    2 What's up, man? Long time no sea/see/say. How've you been?
    5 Are you hungry? - Not right/really/hardly. But I'm thirsty.
    12 I met her in/on/at the bus although I usually go on/in/by car.
    1 Are you looking forward to it? - Yes, I can't stay/afford/wait to see it.
    10 I sent it at/to/in his e-mail address at/on/by accident.
    6 I'm feeling unwell. I'll have to see/meet/reach a doctor.
    4 I'm trying! - I know but you must try stronger/harder/heavier!
    3 He's a year younger, but he's a head longer/taller/higher than me.
    8 I'm in a hurry. I must catch/reach/have the bus.
    13 We didn't meet on/at/by chance. We agreed to meet/meeting/met.
    7 Don't give up. You must stay/keep/last trying.
    9 There will be no meeting. It was called out/away/off.

    Předložka by také znamená kolem, vedle (o pohybu). Např.: A police car went by. - Kolem projelo policejní auto. Stop by je hovorově stavit se (za někým).

    Exercise 9

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    • Doplňte druhou větu tak, aby měla opačný význam.

    5 You must take off your glasses. - You must put your glasses.
    15 He does hardly any work. - He works really .
    2 He's found a job. - He was .
    10 I like both beer and wine. - I like beer wine.
    4 I threw it away. - I it.
    12 She calmed him down. - She made him .
    3 She needn't know about it. - She know about it.
    9 It cost at least 300. - It cost at 300.
    13 They helped me do it. - I did it .
    11 It's getting better. - It's getting .
    6 You can get there by car. - You have to there.
    1 I have to work tomorrow. - I'm taking a day tomorrow.
    14 What time do you go to bed? - What time do you up?
    7 The computer is still on. - The computer is .
    8 Don't bring him with you. - Feel to bring him with you.

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte správné tvary slovesa v nápovědě.

    7 They meet years ago and become friends.
    4 He's speak to her.
    8 He have an accident and was take to hospital.
    2 I haven't see you for ages!
    5 The house was sell for 20.000.
    3 I've bring some wine.
    6 She was hit by a car.
    10 He be here a moment ago and he leave a message for you.
    9 I give it to him and I think he keep it.
    1 Where be you last night?

    Slovo left znamená též zbylý. Užívá se hlavně ve spojení be left - zbýt, zbývat. Např.: There's nothing left. - Nic nezbylo., I don't have much money left. - Už mi nezbývá moc peněz. ap.

    Exercise 11

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    • Doplňte správnou předložku.

    8 They spend all their money food and clothes.
    4 He'll be back ten minutes. You can wait him.
    6 Don't worry that. I'll take care it.
    7 Who'll be looking the kids when she's gone?
    12 Thank you so much. It's so nice you.
    10 What disease did he die ? It's not known.
    5 We'll meet Christmas Eve at 7 p.m. my place.
    11 Do you have it you? - No, I left it work.
    3 I'm too tired. I can't go .
    1 Only one 20 Americans don't have a car.
    9 Look these two. Is there any difference them?
    2 I'll see you Monday 4 p.m.

    Američané často jako výraz díků říkají: I appreciate it. - Vážím si toho., Oceňuji to. (appreciate əˈpriːʃɪˌeɪt - oceňovat, vážit si)

    Exercise 12

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    • Utvořte otázky. Ptejte se na zvýrazněná slova.

    10 I've been learning English for a year.
    3 Nobody else knows about it.
    5 We'll spend the weekend at the seaside.
    9 He drank five beers.
    7 It cost me over 500 dollars.
    2 I've been waiting for an hour.
    4 I told Bob and Jane about it.
    1 He left for work an hour ago.
    6 I've known her for 2 years.
    8 I haven't sent it yet.

    Exercise 13

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    • Doplňte překlady vět pomocí trpného rodu.

    1 Ukradli mu auto. His car .
    8 Článek napsala dívka. The article by a girl.
    5 Postavili 3 nové domy. Three new houses .
    2 Bude povýšena. She'll .
    6 Tato auta se vyrábí v Japonsku. These cars in Japan.
    11 Viděli ji, jak odchází. She leaving.
    10 Ví se o něm, že je bohatý. He to be rich.
    4 Srazilo je nákladní auto. They by a truck.
    9 Vzali ho na vysokou. He to college.
    3 Mohli by ho vyhodit z práce. He could .
    7 Toto slovo se často neužívá. This word often.
    12 Našli ji o týden později. She a week later.

    I'm flattered. ˈflætəd nebo též I feel flattered. je česky Jsem polichocen.

    Exercise 14

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu tvary slovesa do nebo make.

    7 They a lot of damage when they broke in.
    9 These photos me want to go on holiday.
    10 Please your best. It's very important.
    15 it sense to you?
    8 I need to a phone call.
    14 He it to her angry.
    5 I'm running late. I won't it in time.
    12 I only have 20 dollars. Will it ?
    1 Have you your homework?
    11 He a lot of money last year.
    6 We can't without their help.
    2 I've a big mistake.
    4 How did you at school? Were you a good student?
    3 Stop fun of me!
    13 This dress me look fat.

    Exercise 15

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    • Doplňte odpovědi pomocí slovesa z otázky.

    3 Did you get my message? - No, I no message.
    6 How many times did you try it? - I it at least five times.
    5 How long did you spend there? - We a week there.
    7 Did you buy any wine? - No, I only food.
    9 How did you feel when you found out? - I really bad.
    4 When did they send it? - They it last night.
    2 When did he lose his job? - He his job last year.
    8 Did you understand him? - I only a few words.
    10 Did you write down his name? - No, I his number.
    1 Where did you go on holiday? - We to the seaside.

    Exercise 16

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    • Doplňte správnou předložku.

    4 It's very hot. The temperature is 30 degrees.
    7 I'm tired listening to them. I'm leaving.
    11 It's not for kids. You must be 18 years old to buy it.
    5 It's too hot inside. I'll wait the pub.
    2 We'll meet the airport.
    3 I'm leaving Paris tomorrow.
    6 I got it Christmas a friend of mine.
    1 Have you ever been the USA?
    10 It was a secret meeting. They met closed doors.
    8 She used to work a teacher.
    9 It looks you are having a great time.
    12 We'are all very sorry her death.

    Spojení feel sorry for se užívá, když někoho litujete, be sorry for hlavně při omluvě za svůj čin ap., ale be sorry about se užije o situaci či něčem, co nastalo. Např.: I felt sorry for him. - Bylo mi ho líto., I'm sorry for disturbing you. - Promiňte, že vás ruším. ALE I'm sorry about that. - To mě mrzí. Sorry se může vázat i s infinitivem. Např.: We're sorry to inform you ... - S politováním vám oznamujeme...

    Exercise 17

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    • Napište věty, které uslyšíte. Neužívejte stažené tvary. (Pište celými slovy.)

    7
    2
    5
    4
    8
    3
    1
    10
    9
    6

    Exercise 18

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    • Spojte výroky, které mají opačný význam.

    • 1 He's jobless.
    • 2 He made her angry.
    • 3 He's in good health.
    • 4 I'm enjoying it.
    • 5 He died there.
    • 6 I don't care about her.
    • 7 I have two siblings.
    • 8 I'm really hungry.
    • f He calmed her down.
    • h He was born there.
    • d I'm an only child.
    • e He's employed.
    • c I've eaten.
    • a He's seriously ill.
    • g I'm crazy about her.
    • b I'm tired of it.

    Exercise 19

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    • Doplňte větu posunutou do minulého času s užitím časové souslednosti.

    1 I think she is there. - I thought she there.
    3 I'm sure they have it. - I was sure they it.
    4 I suppose you know that. - I supposed you that.
    2 I'm afraid they're lost. - I was afraid they lost.
    8 He says he was there. - He said he there.
    9 I don't know who did it. - I didn't know who it.
    5 I hope you'll come. - I hoped you come.
    10 I know what he's going to do. - I knew what he going to do.
    7 I believe he forgot about it. - I believed he it.
    6 She says she'll help us. - She said she help us.

    Exercise 20

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    • Přeložte. Použijte nápovědu.

    1 Díváme se právě na film.
    just
    3 Právě jsem to dodělal.
    just
    6 Ještě jsem to nečetl.
    yet
    5 Neviděl jsem ho už měsíce.
    for months
    7 To bude ještě dražší.
    even
    8 Co ještě bych měl udělat?
    else
    2 Už jsi to poslal?
    yet
    4 Už odešli.
    already
    10 Zkus to ještě jednou.
    again; more
    9 Dám si ještě jedno pivo.
    more

    Exercise 21

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    • Doplňte překlady pomocí frázových sloves.

    1 Už jsem zjistil, kolik to stojí. I've out how much it costs.
    5 Musím se přihlásit v hotelu. I must in at the hotel.
    2 Měl by nechat kouření. He should up smoking.
    3 Chtějí si užít (života). They want to it up.
    7 Mám pustit televizi? Shall I on the TV?
    12 Došel mi benzín. I've out of petrol.
    14 (Dávej) pozor! Watch !
    9 Vydržte chvilku. Hold a minute.
    4 Řekni mu, ať se uklidní. Tell him to down.
    10 Čti dál. on reading.
    6 Ceny domů vzrostly o... House prices up by ...
    8 Letadlo už odstartovalo. The plane has off.
    13 Vyrazíme brzy ráno. We'll out early.
    11 Můžeme to odložit? Can we it off?

    Frázové sloveso go for má několik významů. Jeden z nejběžnějších je vybrat si nebo rozhodnout se pro. Např.: I'd go for this one. - Já bych si vybral tento. Ve významu platit pro... se užívá go for stejně jako sloveso apply to əˈplaɪˌtuː. Např.: That goes for you too., That applies to you too. - To platí i pro tebe. ap.

    Jaywalking ˈdʒeɪˌwɔːkɪŋ je neukázněné přecházení silnice. Termín jaywalker ˈdʒeɪˌwɔːkə je neukázněný chodec (přecházející na červenou, mimo přechod ap.).

    Exercise 23

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    • Vyberte správné slovo podle výkladu.

    2 When you get divorced/married/bored you become a husband and wife.
    7 When someone takes your things away, you are broken/robbed/stolen.
    8 When you give someone food, you say: Welcome/Cheers/Help yourself.
    4 If you want to eat healthily, you should get/avoid/order junk food.
    6 When you get well again after being ill, you have tired/recovered/fainted.
    1 When two people are not a couple any more, they break up/down/in.
    11 When you've done something many times and you have no problem doing it, you are used to/addicted to/interested in it.
    5 To get a driving licence, you must first make/get/pass a driving test.
    9 An old person who doesn't work anymore is wrapped/retired/admitted.
    3 When a meeting is to take place later, it is put out/away/off.
    10 The part of a street used for walking is called the jaywalk/sidewalk/walker.

    Obrat to hail a taxi znamená zastavit si taxi (mávnutím). Podobně se užívá fráze wave down a taxi (wave weɪv - mávnout, zamávat).

    Exercise 24

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    • Doplňte překlady.

    5 Nechám to na vás. I'll it up to you.
    6 Zvykl jsem si na to. I used to it.
    2 Doufejme, že to vyjde. Let's hope it'll off.
    10 Bude to stát spoustu peněz. It'll cost a of money.
    1 Zamilovala se do něho. She in love with him.
    13 Jeďte po této cestě. Go this road.
    3 To zní zajímavě. That interesting.
    8 Odjíždím v pátek ráno. I'm leaving Friday morning.
    14 Ať neodchází! Don't him go!
    7 Nejezdím po městě autem. I don't drive the city.
    4 Mám (moc) rád italské jídlo. I'm of Italian food.
    12 Vyzvednu tě na letišti. I'll you up at the airport.
    11 Mám raději čaj než kávu. I tea to coffee.
    9 Byla okradena dvěma muži. She by two men.

    Ať v rozkazu lze také někdy přeložit pomocí obratu make sure (that) (ujisti se/zajisti, že...) Např.: Make sure you don't lose it. - Ať to neztratíš., Make sure he doesn't break it. - Ať to nerozbije. ap.

    Exercise 25

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    • Přeložte. Použijte nápovědu.

    7 Nejsem z toho zrovna nadšený.
    crazy
    11 Platím já! (pití ap.)
    buy
    4 To je ale překvapení!
    surprise
    6 Nechce se mi tam jít.
    feel like
    8 To by bylo skvělé!
    great
    3 Pokud vím, tak tady není.
    as far as
    1 Nevím, jak dlouho to potrvá.
    take
    10 Rádi bychom si objednali.
    order
    2 Dám vám vědět co nejdřív.
    as soon as
    13 To nevadí.
    mind
    5 Co takhle si dát pivo?
    pint
    14 To rád slyším.
    glad
    9 Změnil jsem názor.
    mind
    12 Neslyším vás.
    can

    Pozor na slovo frekventovaný při překladu do angličtiny! Ve významu častý je to frequent. Chcete-li ale říct, že je něco často navštěvované nebo je zde velký provoz, užije se frequented frɪˈkwεntɪd. Např.: frequented road - frekventovaná silnice.

    Exercise 26

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    • Přeložte.

    12 Ještě nepřišel.
    5 Nevěděl jsem o tom.
    18 Učím se anglicky už dva roky.
    11 Musel jsem tam jít.
    7 Nebudu moci přijít.
    20 Hodně štěstí!
    8 Nesmíš to nikomu říct.
    3 Dlouho vás nezdržím.
    10 Nemusíte platit.
    14 Kdybych to měl, dal bych ti to.
    4 Co se děje?
    2 Mám zpoždění.
    13 Nechám to na vás.
    17 Jak dlouho už tady čekáte?
    1 Máte pravdu.
    19 Všechno nejlepší k narozeninám!
    15 Nikdy jsem v Londýně nebyl.
    16 Bydlím tady už deset let.
    9 Co ještě potřebujete?
    6 Postarám se o to.

    Sidewalk je americký termín. V Británii pro chodník užívají pavement ˈpeɪvmənt! V americké angličtině je ale pavement zpevněná vozovka (asfaltovaný povrch ap.).

    Připoutat se (v autě ap.) se hlavně v americké angličtině hovorově řekne buckle up ˈbʌkəlˌʌp. Např.: Buckle up! - Připoutej(te) se!

    Pozor! Slovo police se v angličtině chová jako podstatné jméno v množném čísle, tedy: The police are ..., The police have ... ap.! Např. The police are after him. - Jde po něm policie., Police say that ... - Policie říká, že...