Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Přeložte.

    2 I don't get it.
    1 How've you been?
    10 Can you give me a lift?
    17 I'm looking forward to that.
    18 I've been taking driving lessons.
    7 He's known her for years.
    16 I'll do it asap.
    13 Have we met (before)?
    11 I'll do my best.
    6 It made him angry.
    19 I was fined for speeding.
    9 What was I supposed to do?
    8 He's to come too.
    15 Have you done it yet?
    14 We had the house built.
    4 They differ in many ways.
    5 He has no sense of humour.
    12 I'd love to, but I can't.
    3 It's getting worse.

    Speeding spiːdɪŋ je překročení povolené rychlosti (speed - rychlost). Speeding ticket je pokuta za rychlost. Např.: He got a speeding ticket. - Dostal pokutu za rychlost.

    Exercise 2

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    • Poslechněte si nahrávku a určete, zda je tvrzení pravdivé (true), nebo nepravdivé (false).

    2 John had an accident, but it wasn't his fault.
    5 New Yorkers are known to walk a lot around the city.
    4 Americans mostly buy cars made in the US.
    6 Both the British and Americans like to use trains.
    1 Bob was fined 400 dollars for driving too fast.
    8 The number of yellow cabs in New York is about 13.5 thousand.
    3 They usually don't leave a tip in British pubs.
    7 Some 5 million people travel on the tube every day in London.

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte odpovídající výroky.

    • 1 I'll keep it on.
    • 2 I won't keep you long.
    • 3 He broke up with her.
    • 4 I'll find out.
    • 5 He made it up.
    • 6 I'll catch up with you.
    • 7 He's missing her.
    • 8 He was fired.
    • g Nezdržím tě dlouho.
    • g Zjistím to.
    • e Nechám si to na sobě.
    • c Dostal vyhazov.
    • f Vymyslel si to.
    • d Rozešel se s ní.
    • a Chybí mu.
    • b Doženu vás.

    Exercise 4

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    2 How long will it ask/take/keep to get there? - About an hour.
    9 I'm sorry of/at/about that. I did it by/on/of mistake.
    10 I usually go in/in/by car, but we met in/at/on the bus.
    5 Did you get my e-mail? - Yes, but I haven't red/read/readed it yet.
    7 Come out/on/at. Hurry up! We'll be late.
    4 He wasn't supposed to know. You couldn't/shouldn't/wouldn't have told him.
    6 Could you take/get/pick me up at the airport tomorrow?
    1 Most from/of/in them didn't know.
    8 They took in/off/out a loan to buy a car.
    3 Jane and Bob prepared it himself/themselves/ourselves.

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte členy, some nebo any, kde třeba.

    9 Would you like more cake? - Yes. I haven't had yet.
    8 I saw it on TV yesterday when I was watching news.
    14 I had busy day at work. I'm going to bed.
    3 Can you lend me money? - I don't have money.
    6 Can you give me hand? - I don't have time for that.
    4 I bought new car. - What did you do with old one?
    13 Take meat out of bag and put it in fridge.
    10 USA and Canada are almost same size.
    2 Are there other ways? I can't think of .
    5 Have wine! - Thanks, I don't drink alcohol.
    12 He's American who makes lot of money.
    7 I had accident when driving to work this morning.
    11 A boy from US met girl from Europe.
    1 Is there place where we could have dinner?

    Exercise 6

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    • Doplňte překlady vět.

    9 Neměl bys mu o tom říkat. You tell him.
    3 Je mi to jedno. I don't (about it).
    7 Kolikrát jsi to už viděl? How many have you seen it?
    1 Chystám se k odchodu. I'm to leave.
    8 Pokud vím... As as I know ...
    2 Byli jsme okradeni. We were .
    5 Doufám, že ne. I hope .
    4 Budete muset počkat. You'll wait.
    10 Lepší by bylo počkat. It better to wait.
    6 Kolik peněz tam je? How money is there?
    11 To jídlo se může zkazit. The food may bad.
    12 Počkám, až přijde. I'll wait him to come.
    13 Bude to hotovo do pátku. It'll be finished Friday.
    14 Co tím myslíte? What do you by that?

    Exercise 7

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    • Spojte související výroky.

    • 1 He had a house built ...
    • 2 I'll tell her about it ...
    • 3 I've been learning English ...
    • 4 I tried to call him ...
    • 5 We had to wait ...
    • 6 I'm really sorry about ...
    • 7 I had a car accident ...
    • 8 He was fined 500 dollars ...
    • b what happened to her.
    • h although she shouldn't know.
    • e but he isn't answering the phone.
    • c but he sold it soon after.
    • g until they came back.
    • a for about two years now.
    • f which made him angry.
    • d but it wasn't my fault.

    Exercise 8

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    13 We didn't meet on/at/by chance. We agreed to meet/meeting/met.
    12 I met her in/on/at the bus although I usually go on/in/by car.
    6 I'm feeling unwell. I'll have to see/meet/reach a doctor.
    3 He's a year younger, but he's a head longer/taller/higher than me.
    7 Don't give up. You must stay/keep/last trying.
    10 I sent it at/to/in his e-mail address at/on/by accident.
    11 I came at/across/about an interesting article.
    8 I'm in a hurry. I must catch/reach/have the bus.
    9 There will be no meeting. It was called out/away/off.
    1 Are you looking forward to it? - Yes, I can't stay/afford/wait to see it.
    4 I'm trying! - I know but you must try stronger/harder/heavier!
    5 Are you hungry? - Not right/really/hardly. But I'm thirsty.
    2 What's up, man? Long time no sea/see/say. How've you been?

    Předložka by také znamená kolem, vedle (o pohybu). Např.: A police car went by. - Kolem projelo policejní auto. Stop by je hovorově stavit se (za někým).

    Exercise 9

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    • Doplňte druhou větu tak, aby měla opačný význam.

    7 The computer is still on. - The computer is .
    11 It's getting better. - It's getting .
    1 I have to work tomorrow. - I'm taking a day tomorrow.
    12 She calmed him down. - She made him .
    14 What time do you go to bed? - What time do you up?
    4 I threw it away. - I it.
    13 They helped me do it. - I did it .
    9 It cost at least 300. - It cost at 300.
    6 You can get there by car. - You have to there.
    10 I like both beer and wine. - I like beer wine.
    5 You must take off your glasses. - You must put your glasses.
    3 She needn't know about it. - She know about it.
    15 He does hardly any work. - He works really .
    8 Don't bring him with you. - Feel to bring him with you.
    2 He's found a job. - He was .

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte správné tvary slovesa v nápovědě.

    8 He have an accident and was take to hospital.
    7 They meet years ago and become friends.
    9 I give it to him and I think he keep it.
    10 He be here a moment ago and he leave a message for you.
    4 He's speak to her.
    5 The house was sell for 20.000.
    6 She was hit by a car.
    3 I've bring some wine.
    2 I haven't see you for ages!
    1 Where be you last night?

    Slovo left znamená též zbylý. Užívá se hlavně ve spojení be left - zbýt, zbývat. Např.: There's nothing left. - Nic nezbylo., I don't have much money left. - Už mi nezbývá moc peněz. ap.

    Exercise 11

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    • Doplňte správnou předložku.

    8 They spend all their money food and clothes.
    5 We'll meet Christmas Eve at 7 p.m. my place.
    6 Don't worry that. I'll take care it.
    3 I'm too tired. I can't go .
    10 What disease did he die ? It's not known.
    1 Only one 20 Americans don't have a car.
    11 Do you have it you? - No, I left it work.
    4 He'll be back ten minutes. You can wait him.
    7 Who'll be looking the kids when she's gone?
    2 I'll see you Monday 4 p.m.
    9 Look these two. Is there any difference them?
    12 Thank you so much. It's so nice you.

    Američané často jako výraz díků říkají: I appreciate it. - Vážím si toho., Oceňuji to. (appreciate əˈpriːʃɪˌeɪt - oceňovat, vážit si)

    Exercise 12

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    • Utvořte otázky. Ptejte se na zvýrazněná slova.

    8 I haven't sent it yet.
    9 He drank five beers.
    10 I've been learning English for a year.
    7 It cost me over 500 dollars.
    1 He left for work an hour ago.
    4 I told Bob and Jane about it.
    6 I've known her for 2 years.
    2 I've been waiting for an hour.
    5 We'll spend the weekend at the seaside.
    3 Nobody else knows about it.

    Exercise 13

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    • Doplňte překlady vět pomocí trpného rodu.

    11 Viděli ji, jak odchází. She leaving.
    5 Postavili 3 nové domy. Three new houses .
    7 Toto slovo se často neužívá. This word often.
    4 Srazilo je nákladní auto. They by a truck.
    12 Našli ji o týden později. She a week later.
    10 Ví se o něm, že je bohatý. He to be rich.
    3 Mohli by ho vyhodit z práce. He could .
    2 Bude povýšena. She'll .
    6 Tato auta se vyrábí v Japonsku. These cars in Japan.
    8 Článek napsala dívka. The article by a girl.
    1 Ukradli mu auto. His car .
    9 Vzali ho na vysokou. He to college.

    I'm flattered. ˈflætəd nebo též I feel flattered. je česky Jsem polichocen.

    Exercise 14

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu tvary slovesa do nebo make.

    3 Stop fun of me!
    13 This dress me look fat.
    14 He it to her angry.
    5 I'm running late. I won't it in time.
    12 I only have 20 dollars. Will it ?
    15 it sense to you?
    6 We can't without their help.
    4 How did you at school? Were you a good student?
    2 I've a big mistake.
    7 They a lot of damage when they broke in.
    9 These photos me want to go on holiday.
    10 Please your best. It's very important.
    11 He a lot of money last year.
    8 I need to a phone call.
    1 Have you your homework?

    Exercise 15

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    • Doplňte odpovědi pomocí slovesa z otázky.

    6 How many times did you try it? - I it at least five times.
    4 When did they send it? - They it last night.
    7 Did you buy any wine? - No, I only food.
    9 How did you feel when you found out? - I really bad.
    3 Did you get my message? - No, I no message.
    1 Where did you go on holiday? - We to the seaside.
    5 How long did you spend there? - We a week there.
    2 When did he lose his job? - He his job last year.
    8 Did you understand him? - I only a few words.
    10 Did you write down his name? - No, I his number.

    Exercise 16

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    • Doplňte správnou předložku.

    12 We'are all very sorry her death.
    2 We'll meet the airport.
    9 It looks you are having a great time.
    4 It's very hot. The temperature is 30 degrees.
    3 I'm leaving Paris tomorrow.
    10 It was a secret meeting. They met closed doors.
    1 Have you ever been the USA?
    5 It's too hot inside. I'll wait the pub.
    6 I got it Christmas a friend of mine.
    11 It's not for kids. You must be 18 years old to buy it.
    7 I'm tired listening to them. I'm leaving.
    8 She used to work a teacher.

    Spojení feel sorry for se užívá, když někoho litujete, be sorry for hlavně při omluvě za svůj čin ap., ale be sorry about se užije o situaci či něčem, co nastalo. Např.: I felt sorry for him. - Bylo mi ho líto., I'm sorry for disturbing you. - Promiňte, že vás ruším. ALE I'm sorry about that. - To mě mrzí. Sorry se může vázat i s infinitivem. Např.: We're sorry to inform you ... - S politováním vám oznamujeme...

    Exercise 17

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    • Napište věty, které uslyšíte. Neužívejte stažené tvary. (Pište celými slovy.)

    5
    8
    10
    2
    3
    6
    7
    9
    4
    1

    Exercise 18

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    • Spojte výroky, které mají opačný význam.

    • 1 He's jobless.
    • 2 He made her angry.
    • 3 He's in good health.
    • 4 I'm enjoying it.
    • 5 He died there.
    • 6 I don't care about her.
    • 7 I have two siblings.
    • 8 I'm really hungry.
    • a He's seriously ill.
    • g I'm crazy about her.
    • b I'm tired of it.
    • h He was born there.
    • e He's employed.
    • c I've eaten.
    • d I'm an only child.
    • f He calmed her down.

    Exercise 19

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    • Doplňte větu posunutou do minulého času s užitím časové souslednosti.

    3 I'm sure they have it. - I was sure they it.
    5 I hope you'll come. - I hoped you come.
    1 I think she is there. - I thought she there.
    2 I'm afraid they're lost. - I was afraid they lost.
    6 She says she'll help us. - She said she help us.
    8 He says he was there. - He said he there.
    9 I don't know who did it. - I didn't know who it.
    7 I believe he forgot about it. - I believed he it.
    4 I suppose you know that. - I supposed you that.
    10 I know what he's going to do. - I knew what he going to do.

    Exercise 20

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    • Přeložte. Použijte nápovědu.

    2 Už jsi to poslal?
    yet
    1 Díváme se právě na film.
    just
    10 Zkus to ještě jednou.
    again; more
    9 Dám si ještě jedno pivo.
    more
    5 Neviděl jsem ho už měsíce.
    for months
    7 To bude ještě dražší.
    even
    8 Co ještě bych měl udělat?
    else
    3 Právě jsem to dodělal.
    just
    6 Ještě jsem to nečetl.
    yet
    4 Už odešli.
    already

    Exercise 21

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    • Doplňte překlady pomocí frázových sloves.

    4 Řekni mu, ať se uklidní. Tell him to down.
    3 Chtějí si užít (života). They want to it up.
    2 Měl by nechat kouření. He should up smoking.
    11 Můžeme to odložit? Can we it off?
    7 Mám pustit televizi? Shall I on the TV?
    8 Letadlo už odstartovalo. The plane has off.
    1 Už jsem zjistil, kolik to stojí. I've out how much it costs.
    13 Vyrazíme brzy ráno. We'll out early.
    14 (Dávej) pozor! Watch !
    12 Došel mi benzín. I've out of petrol.
    9 Vydržte chvilku. Hold a minute.
    6 Ceny domů vzrostly o... House prices up by ...
    10 Čti dál. on reading.
    5 Musím se přihlásit v hotelu. I must in at the hotel.

    Frázové sloveso go for má několik významů. Jeden z nejběžnějších je vybrat si nebo rozhodnout se pro. Např.: I'd go for this one. - Já bych si vybral tento. Ve významu platit pro... se užívá go for stejně jako sloveso apply to əˈplaɪˌtuː. Např.: That goes for you too., That applies to you too. - To platí i pro tebe. ap.

    Jaywalking ˈdʒeɪˌwɔːkɪŋ je neukázněné přecházení silnice. Termín jaywalker ˈdʒeɪˌwɔːkə je neukázněný chodec (přecházející na červenou, mimo přechod ap.).

    Exercise 23

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    • Vyberte správné slovo podle výkladu.

    1 When two people are not a couple any more, they break up/down/in.
    2 When you get divorced/married/bored you become a husband and wife.
    3 When a meeting is to take place later, it is put out/away/off.
    10 The part of a street used for walking is called the jaywalk/sidewalk/walker.
    4 If you want to eat healthily, you should get/avoid/order junk food.
    7 When someone takes your things away, you are broken/robbed/stolen.
    11 When you've done something many times and you have no problem doing it, you are used to/addicted to/interested in it.
    6 When you get well again after being ill, you have tired/recovered/fainted.
    9 An old person who doesn't work anymore is wrapped/retired/admitted.
    5 To get a driving licence, you must first make/get/pass a driving test.
    8 When you give someone food, you say: Welcome/Cheers/Help yourself.

    Obrat to hail a taxi znamená zastavit si taxi (mávnutím). Podobně se užívá fráze wave down a taxi (wave weɪv - mávnout, zamávat).

    Exercise 24

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    • Doplňte překlady.

    2 Doufejme, že to vyjde. Let's hope it'll off.
    6 Zvykl jsem si na to. I used to it.
    8 Odjíždím v pátek ráno. I'm leaving Friday morning.
    9 Byla okradena dvěma muži. She by two men.
    7 Nejezdím po městě autem. I don't drive the city.
    11 Mám raději čaj než kávu. I tea to coffee.
    4 Mám (moc) rád italské jídlo. I'm of Italian food.
    3 To zní zajímavě. That interesting.
    13 Jeďte po této cestě. Go this road.
    14 Ať neodchází! Don't him go!
    12 Vyzvednu tě na letišti. I'll you up at the airport.
    10 Bude to stát spoustu peněz. It'll cost a of money.
    1 Zamilovala se do něho. She in love with him.
    5 Nechám to na vás. I'll it up to you.

    Ať v rozkazu lze také někdy přeložit pomocí obratu make sure (that) (ujisti se/zajisti, že...) Např.: Make sure you don't lose it. - Ať to neztratíš., Make sure he doesn't break it. - Ať to nerozbije. ap.

    Exercise 25

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    • Přeložte. Použijte nápovědu.

    7 Nejsem z toho zrovna nadšený.
    crazy
    6 Nechce se mi tam jít.
    feel like
    8 To by bylo skvělé!
    great
    13 To nevadí.
    mind
    9 Změnil jsem názor.
    mind
    12 Neslyším vás.
    can
    4 To je ale překvapení!
    surprise
    5 Co takhle si dát pivo?
    pint
    3 Pokud vím, tak tady není.
    as far as
    2 Dám vám vědět co nejdřív.
    as soon as
    14 To rád slyším.
    glad
    11 Platím já! (pití ap.)
    buy
    10 Rádi bychom si objednali.
    order
    1 Nevím, jak dlouho to potrvá.
    take

    Pozor na slovo frekventovaný při překladu do angličtiny! Ve významu častý je to frequent. Chcete-li ale říct, že je něco často navštěvované nebo je zde velký provoz, užije se frequented frɪˈkwεntɪd. Např.: frequented road - frekventovaná silnice.

    Exercise 26

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    • Přeložte.

    4 Co se děje?
    14 Kdybych to měl, dal bych ti to.
    6 Postarám se o to.
    12 Ještě nepřišel.
    8 Nesmíš to nikomu říct.
    16 Bydlím tady už deset let.
    9 Co ještě potřebujete?
    1 Máte pravdu.
    19 Všechno nejlepší k narozeninám!
    10 Nemusíte platit.
    20 Hodně štěstí!
    13 Nechám to na vás.
    7 Nebudu moci přijít.
    5 Nevěděl jsem o tom.
    18 Učím se anglicky už dva roky.
    2 Mám zpoždění.
    3 Dlouho vás nezdržím.
    15 Nikdy jsem v Londýně nebyl.
    11 Musel jsem tam jít.
    17 Jak dlouho už tady čekáte?

    Sidewalk je americký termín. V Británii pro chodník užívají pavement ˈpeɪvmənt! V americké angličtině je ale pavement zpevněná vozovka (asfaltovaný povrch ap.).

    Připoutat se (v autě ap.) se hlavně v americké angličtině hovorově řekne buckle up ˈbʌkəlˌʌp. Např.: Buckle up! - Připoutej(te) se!

    Pozor! Slovo police se v angličtině chová jako podstatné jméno v množném čísle, tedy: The police are ..., The police have ... ap.! Např. The police are after him. - Jde po něm policie., Police say that ... - Policie říká, že...