Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Přeložte.

    5 He has no sense of humour.
    13 Have we met (before)?
    15 Have you done it yet?
    10 Can you give me a lift?
    6 It made him angry.
    17 I'm looking forward to that.
    11 I'll do my best.
    8 He's to come too.
    14 We had the house built.
    3 It's getting worse.
    7 He's known her for years.
    19 I was fined for speeding.
    2 I don't get it.
    16 I'll do it asap.
    4 They differ in many ways.
    12 I'd love to, but I can't.
    9 What was I supposed to do?
    18 I've been taking driving lessons.
    1 How've you been?

    Speeding spiːdɪŋ je překročení povolené rychlosti (speed - rychlost). Speeding ticket je pokuta za rychlost. Např.: He got a speeding ticket. - Dostal pokutu za rychlost.

    Exercise 2

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    • Poslechněte si nahrávku a určete, zda je tvrzení pravdivé (true), nebo nepravdivé (false).

    2 John had an accident, but it wasn't his fault.
    5 New Yorkers are known to walk a lot around the city.
    1 Bob was fined 400 dollars for driving too fast.
    3 They usually don't leave a tip in British pubs.
    6 Both the British and Americans like to use trains.
    7 Some 5 million people travel on the tube every day in London.
    8 The number of yellow cabs in New York is about 13.5 thousand.
    4 Americans mostly buy cars made in the US.

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte odpovídající výroky.

    • 1 I'll keep it on.
    • 2 I won't keep you long.
    • 3 He broke up with her.
    • 4 I'll find out.
    • 5 He made it up.
    • 6 I'll catch up with you.
    • 7 He's missing her.
    • 8 He was fired.
    • g Nezdržím tě dlouho.
    • c Dostal vyhazov.
    • b Doženu vás.
    • a Chybí mu.
    • f Vymyslel si to.
    • d Rozešel se s ní.
    • e Nechám si to na sobě.
    • g Zjistím to.

    Exercise 4

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    6 Could you take/get/pick me up at the airport tomorrow?
    3 Jane and Bob prepared it himself/themselves/ourselves.
    4 He wasn't supposed to know. You couldn't/shouldn't/wouldn't have told him.
    9 I'm sorry of/at/about that. I did it by/on/of mistake.
    7 Come out/on/at. Hurry up! We'll be late.
    1 Most from/of/in them didn't know.
    2 How long will it ask/take/keep to get there? - About an hour.
    10 I usually go in/in/by car, but we met in/at/on the bus.
    8 They took in/off/out a loan to buy a car.
    5 Did you get my e-mail? - Yes, but I haven't red/read/readed it yet.

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte členy, some nebo any, kde třeba.

    2 Are there other ways? I can't think of .
    9 Would you like more cake? - Yes. I haven't had yet.
    11 A boy from US met girl from Europe.
    10 USA and Canada are almost same size.
    8 I saw it on TV yesterday when I was watching news.
    13 Take meat out of bag and put it in fridge.
    4 I bought new car. - What did you do with old one?
    12 He's American who makes lot of money.
    3 Can you lend me money? - I don't have money.
    6 Can you give me hand? - I don't have time for that.
    7 I had accident when driving to work this morning.
    14 I had busy day at work. I'm going to bed.
    5 Have wine! - Thanks, I don't drink alcohol.
    1 Is there place where we could have dinner?

    Exercise 6

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    • Doplňte překlady vět.

    7 Kolikrát jsi to už viděl? How many have you seen it?
    11 To jídlo se může zkazit. The food may bad.
    6 Kolik peněz tam je? How money is there?
    12 Počkám, až přijde. I'll wait him to come.
    13 Bude to hotovo do pátku. It'll be finished Friday.
    8 Pokud vím... As as I know ...
    1 Chystám se k odchodu. I'm to leave.
    10 Lepší by bylo počkat. It better to wait.
    14 Co tím myslíte? What do you by that?
    9 Neměl bys mu o tom říkat. You tell him.
    5 Doufám, že ne. I hope .
    2 Byli jsme okradeni. We were .
    4 Budete muset počkat. You'll wait.
    3 Je mi to jedno. I don't (about it).

    Exercise 7

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    • Spojte související výroky.

    • 1 He had a house built ...
    • 2 I'll tell her about it ...
    • 3 I've been learning English ...
    • 4 I tried to call him ...
    • 5 We had to wait ...
    • 6 I'm really sorry about ...
    • 7 I had a car accident ...
    • 8 He was fined 500 dollars ...
    • e but he isn't answering the phone.
    • b what happened to her.
    • c but he sold it soon after.
    • g until they came back.
    • h although she shouldn't know.
    • f which made him angry.
    • d but it wasn't my fault.
    • a for about two years now.

    Exercise 8

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    12 I met her in/on/at the bus although I usually go on/in/by car.
    2 What's up, man? Long time no sea/see/say. How've you been?
    9 There will be no meeting. It was called out/away/off.
    4 I'm trying! - I know but you must try stronger/harder/heavier!
    7 Don't give up. You must stay/keep/last trying.
    11 I came at/across/about an interesting article.
    1 Are you looking forward to it? - Yes, I can't stay/afford/wait to see it.
    5 Are you hungry? - Not right/really/hardly. But I'm thirsty.
    6 I'm feeling unwell. I'll have to see/meet/reach a doctor.
    13 We didn't meet on/at/by chance. We agreed to meet/meeting/met.
    10 I sent it at/to/in his e-mail address at/on/by accident.
    8 I'm in a hurry. I must catch/reach/have the bus.
    3 He's a year younger, but he's a head longer/taller/higher than me.

    Předložka by také znamená kolem, vedle (o pohybu). Např.: A police car went by. - Kolem projelo policejní auto. Stop by je hovorově stavit se (za někým).

    Exercise 9

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    • Doplňte druhou větu tak, aby měla opačný význam.

    12 She calmed him down. - She made him .
    11 It's getting better. - It's getting .
    15 He does hardly any work. - He works really .
    6 You can get there by car. - You have to there.
    5 You must take off your glasses. - You must put your glasses.
    1 I have to work tomorrow. - I'm taking a day tomorrow.
    8 Don't bring him with you. - Feel to bring him with you.
    14 What time do you go to bed? - What time do you up?
    2 He's found a job. - He was .
    9 It cost at least 300. - It cost at 300.
    7 The computer is still on. - The computer is .
    4 I threw it away. - I it.
    10 I like both beer and wine. - I like beer wine.
    3 She needn't know about it. - She know about it.
    13 They helped me do it. - I did it .

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte správné tvary slovesa v nápovědě.

    9 I give it to him and I think he keep it.
    8 He have an accident and was take to hospital.
    10 He be here a moment ago and he leave a message for you.
    7 They meet years ago and become friends.
    6 She was hit by a car.
    4 He's speak to her.
    5 The house was sell for 20.000.
    3 I've bring some wine.
    1 Where be you last night?
    2 I haven't see you for ages!

    Slovo left znamená též zbylý. Užívá se hlavně ve spojení be left - zbýt, zbývat. Např.: There's nothing left. - Nic nezbylo., I don't have much money left. - Už mi nezbývá moc peněz. ap.

    Exercise 11

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    • Doplňte správnou předložku.

    4 He'll be back ten minutes. You can wait him.
    6 Don't worry that. I'll take care it.
    1 Only one 20 Americans don't have a car.
    7 Who'll be looking the kids when she's gone?
    5 We'll meet Christmas Eve at 7 p.m. my place.
    2 I'll see you Monday 4 p.m.
    11 Do you have it you? - No, I left it work.
    9 Look these two. Is there any difference them?
    10 What disease did he die ? It's not known.
    12 Thank you so much. It's so nice you.
    3 I'm too tired. I can't go .
    8 They spend all their money food and clothes.

    Američané často jako výraz díků říkají: I appreciate it. - Vážím si toho., Oceňuji to. (appreciate əˈpriːʃɪˌeɪt - oceňovat, vážit si)

    Exercise 12

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    • Utvořte otázky. Ptejte se na zvýrazněná slova.

    5 We'll spend the weekend at the seaside.
    9 He drank five beers.
    6 I've known her for 2 years.
    8 I haven't sent it yet.
    1 He left for work an hour ago.
    3 Nobody else knows about it.
    4 I told Bob and Jane about it.
    7 It cost me over 500 dollars.
    2 I've been waiting for an hour.
    10 I've been learning English for a year.

    Exercise 13

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    • Doplňte překlady vět pomocí trpného rodu.

    12 Našli ji o týden později. She a week later.
    11 Viděli ji, jak odchází. She leaving.
    3 Mohli by ho vyhodit z práce. He could .
    7 Toto slovo se často neužívá. This word often.
    6 Tato auta se vyrábí v Japonsku. These cars in Japan.
    1 Ukradli mu auto. His car .
    9 Vzali ho na vysokou. He to college.
    10 Ví se o něm, že je bohatý. He to be rich.
    5 Postavili 3 nové domy. Three new houses .
    8 Článek napsala dívka. The article by a girl.
    2 Bude povýšena. She'll .
    4 Srazilo je nákladní auto. They by a truck.

    I'm flattered. ˈflætəd nebo též I feel flattered. je česky Jsem polichocen.

    Exercise 14

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu tvary slovesa do nebo make.

    14 He it to her angry.
    6 We can't without their help.
    9 These photos me want to go on holiday.
    15 it sense to you?
    12 I only have 20 dollars. Will it ?
    5 I'm running late. I won't it in time.
    7 They a lot of damage when they broke in.
    4 How did you at school? Were you a good student?
    10 Please your best. It's very important.
    8 I need to a phone call.
    3 Stop fun of me!
    1 Have you your homework?
    2 I've a big mistake.
    13 This dress me look fat.
    11 He a lot of money last year.

    Exercise 15

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    • Doplňte odpovědi pomocí slovesa z otázky.

    3 Did you get my message? - No, I no message.
    2 When did he lose his job? - He his job last year.
    9 How did you feel when you found out? - I really bad.
    6 How many times did you try it? - I it at least five times.
    4 When did they send it? - They it last night.
    8 Did you understand him? - I only a few words.
    10 Did you write down his name? - No, I his number.
    1 Where did you go on holiday? - We to the seaside.
    5 How long did you spend there? - We a week there.
    7 Did you buy any wine? - No, I only food.

    Exercise 16

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    • Doplňte správnou předložku.

    5 It's too hot inside. I'll wait the pub.
    11 It's not for kids. You must be 18 years old to buy it.
    3 I'm leaving Paris tomorrow.
    1 Have you ever been the USA?
    4 It's very hot. The temperature is 30 degrees.
    9 It looks you are having a great time.
    2 We'll meet the airport.
    10 It was a secret meeting. They met closed doors.
    8 She used to work a teacher.
    6 I got it Christmas a friend of mine.
    12 We'are all very sorry her death.
    7 I'm tired listening to them. I'm leaving.

    Spojení feel sorry for se užívá, když někoho litujete, be sorry for hlavně při omluvě za svůj čin ap., ale be sorry about se užije o situaci či něčem, co nastalo. Např.: I felt sorry for him. - Bylo mi ho líto., I'm sorry for disturbing you. - Promiňte, že vás ruším. ALE I'm sorry about that. - To mě mrzí. Sorry se může vázat i s infinitivem. Např.: We're sorry to inform you ... - S politováním vám oznamujeme...

    Exercise 17

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    • Napište věty, které uslyšíte. Neužívejte stažené tvary. (Pište celými slovy.)

    9
    2
    6
    4
    7
    10
    5
    1
    8
    3

    Exercise 18

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    • Spojte výroky, které mají opačný význam.

    • 1 He's jobless.
    • 2 He made her angry.
    • 3 He's in good health.
    • 4 I'm enjoying it.
    • 5 He died there.
    • 6 I don't care about her.
    • 7 I have two siblings.
    • 8 I'm really hungry.
    • a He's seriously ill.
    • d I'm an only child.
    • f He calmed her down.
    • g I'm crazy about her.
    • b I'm tired of it.
    • c I've eaten.
    • e He's employed.
    • h He was born there.

    Exercise 19

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    • Doplňte větu posunutou do minulého času s užitím časové souslednosti.

    5 I hope you'll come. - I hoped you come.
    3 I'm sure they have it. - I was sure they it.
    1 I think she is there. - I thought she there.
    8 He says he was there. - He said he there.
    10 I know what he's going to do. - I knew what he going to do.
    2 I'm afraid they're lost. - I was afraid they lost.
    6 She says she'll help us. - She said she help us.
    4 I suppose you know that. - I supposed you that.
    9 I don't know who did it. - I didn't know who it.
    7 I believe he forgot about it. - I believed he it.

    Exercise 20

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    • Přeložte. Použijte nápovědu.

    5 Neviděl jsem ho už měsíce.
    for months
    9 Dám si ještě jedno pivo.
    more
    7 To bude ještě dražší.
    even
    2 Už jsi to poslal?
    yet
    1 Díváme se právě na film.
    just
    6 Ještě jsem to nečetl.
    yet
    8 Co ještě bych měl udělat?
    else
    3 Právě jsem to dodělal.
    just
    10 Zkus to ještě jednou.
    again; more
    4 Už odešli.
    already

    Exercise 21

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    • Doplňte překlady pomocí frázových sloves.

    5 Musím se přihlásit v hotelu. I must in at the hotel.
    6 Ceny domů vzrostly o... House prices up by ...
    10 Čti dál. on reading.
    8 Letadlo už odstartovalo. The plane has off.
    1 Už jsem zjistil, kolik to stojí. I've out how much it costs.
    12 Došel mi benzín. I've out of petrol.
    3 Chtějí si užít (života). They want to it up.
    7 Mám pustit televizi? Shall I on the TV?
    9 Vydržte chvilku. Hold a minute.
    4 Řekni mu, ať se uklidní. Tell him to down.
    14 (Dávej) pozor! Watch !
    13 Vyrazíme brzy ráno. We'll out early.
    2 Měl by nechat kouření. He should up smoking.
    11 Můžeme to odložit? Can we it off?

    Frázové sloveso go for má několik významů. Jeden z nejběžnějších je vybrat si nebo rozhodnout se pro. Např.: I'd go for this one. - Já bych si vybral tento. Ve významu platit pro... se užívá go for stejně jako sloveso apply to əˈplaɪˌtuː. Např.: That goes for you too., That applies to you too. - To platí i pro tebe. ap.

    Jaywalking ˈdʒeɪˌwɔːkɪŋ je neukázněné přecházení silnice. Termín jaywalker ˈdʒeɪˌwɔːkə je neukázněný chodec (přecházející na červenou, mimo přechod ap.).

    Exercise 23

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    • Vyberte správné slovo podle výkladu.

    9 An old person who doesn't work anymore is wrapped/retired/admitted.
    3 When a meeting is to take place later, it is put out/away/off.
    10 The part of a street used for walking is called the jaywalk/sidewalk/walker.
    4 If you want to eat healthily, you should get/avoid/order junk food.
    8 When you give someone food, you say: Welcome/Cheers/Help yourself.
    2 When you get divorced/married/bored you become a husband and wife.
    6 When you get well again after being ill, you have tired/recovered/fainted.
    7 When someone takes your things away, you are broken/robbed/stolen.
    5 To get a driving licence, you must first make/get/pass a driving test.
    1 When two people are not a couple any more, they break up/down/in.
    11 When you've done something many times and you have no problem doing it, you are used to/addicted to/interested in it.

    Obrat to hail a taxi znamená zastavit si taxi (mávnutím). Podobně se užívá fráze wave down a taxi (wave weɪv - mávnout, zamávat).

    Exercise 24

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    • Doplňte překlady.

    6 Zvykl jsem si na to. I used to it.
    12 Vyzvednu tě na letišti. I'll you up at the airport.
    11 Mám raději čaj než kávu. I tea to coffee.
    14 Ať neodchází! Don't him go!
    13 Jeďte po této cestě. Go this road.
    5 Nechám to na vás. I'll it up to you.
    2 Doufejme, že to vyjde. Let's hope it'll off.
    7 Nejezdím po městě autem. I don't drive the city.
    9 Byla okradena dvěma muži. She by two men.
    1 Zamilovala se do něho. She in love with him.
    8 Odjíždím v pátek ráno. I'm leaving Friday morning.
    4 Mám (moc) rád italské jídlo. I'm of Italian food.
    3 To zní zajímavě. That interesting.
    10 Bude to stát spoustu peněz. It'll cost a of money.

    Ať v rozkazu lze také někdy přeložit pomocí obratu make sure (that) (ujisti se/zajisti, že...) Např.: Make sure you don't lose it. - Ať to neztratíš., Make sure he doesn't break it. - Ať to nerozbije. ap.

    Exercise 25

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    • Přeložte. Použijte nápovědu.

    13 To nevadí.
    mind
    6 Nechce se mi tam jít.
    feel like
    7 Nejsem z toho zrovna nadšený.
    crazy
    14 To rád slyším.
    glad
    12 Neslyším vás.
    can
    5 Co takhle si dát pivo?
    pint
    1 Nevím, jak dlouho to potrvá.
    take
    8 To by bylo skvělé!
    great
    11 Platím já! (pití ap.)
    buy
    10 Rádi bychom si objednali.
    order
    2 Dám vám vědět co nejdřív.
    as soon as
    4 To je ale překvapení!
    surprise
    3 Pokud vím, tak tady není.
    as far as
    9 Změnil jsem názor.
    mind

    Pozor na slovo frekventovaný při překladu do angličtiny! Ve významu častý je to frequent. Chcete-li ale říct, že je něco často navštěvované nebo je zde velký provoz, užije se frequented frɪˈkwεntɪd. Např.: frequented road - frekventovaná silnice.

    Exercise 26

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    • Přeložte.

    2 Mám zpoždění.
    5 Nevěděl jsem o tom.
    17 Jak dlouho už tady čekáte?
    16 Bydlím tady už deset let.
    3 Dlouho vás nezdržím.
    6 Postarám se o to.
    14 Kdybych to měl, dal bych ti to.
    11 Musel jsem tam jít.
    8 Nesmíš to nikomu říct.
    18 Učím se anglicky už dva roky.
    1 Máte pravdu.
    10 Nemusíte platit.
    4 Co se děje?
    12 Ještě nepřišel.
    15 Nikdy jsem v Londýně nebyl.
    20 Hodně štěstí!
    9 Co ještě potřebujete?
    19 Všechno nejlepší k narozeninám!
    13 Nechám to na vás.
    7 Nebudu moci přijít.

    Sidewalk je americký termín. V Británii pro chodník užívají pavement ˈpeɪvmənt! V americké angličtině je ale pavement zpevněná vozovka (asfaltovaný povrch ap.).

    Připoutat se (v autě ap.) se hlavně v americké angličtině hovorově řekne buckle up ˈbʌkəlˌʌp. Např.: Buckle up! - Připoutej(te) se!

    Pozor! Slovo police se v angličtině chová jako podstatné jméno v množném čísle, tedy: The police are ..., The police have ... ap.! Např. The police are after him. - Jde po něm policie., Police say that ... - Policie říká, že...