Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Přeložte.

    9 What was I supposed to do?
    8 He's to come too.
    4 They differ in many ways.
    7 He's known her for years.
    2 I don't get it.
    6 It made him angry.
    18 I've been taking driving lessons.
    5 He has no sense of humour.
    11 I'll do my best.
    15 Have you done it yet?
    17 I'm looking forward to that.
    12 I'd love to, but I can't.
    19 I was fined for speeding.
    3 It's getting worse.
    1 How've you been?
    13 Have we met (before)?
    16 I'll do it asap.
    10 Can you give me a lift?
    14 We had the house built.

    Speeding spiːdɪŋ je překročení povolené rychlosti (speed - rychlost). Speeding ticket je pokuta za rychlost. Např.: He got a speeding ticket. - Dostal pokutu za rychlost.

    Exercise 2

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    • Poslechněte si nahrávku a určete, zda je tvrzení pravdivé (true), nebo nepravdivé (false).

    1 Bob was fined 400 dollars for driving too fast.
    4 Americans mostly buy cars made in the US.
    6 Both the British and Americans like to use trains.
    8 The number of yellow cabs in New York is about 13.5 thousand.
    5 New Yorkers are known to walk a lot around the city.
    3 They usually don't leave a tip in British pubs.
    7 Some 5 million people travel on the tube every day in London.
    2 John had an accident, but it wasn't his fault.

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte odpovídající výroky.

    • 1 I'll keep it on.
    • 2 I won't keep you long.
    • 3 He broke up with her.
    • 4 I'll find out.
    • 5 He made it up.
    • 6 I'll catch up with you.
    • 7 He's missing her.
    • 8 He was fired.
    • f Vymyslel si to.
    • e Nechám si to na sobě.
    • d Rozešel se s ní.
    • a Chybí mu.
    • c Dostal vyhazov.
    • g Zjistím to.
    • b Doženu vás.
    • g Nezdržím tě dlouho.

    Exercise 4

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    6 Could you take/get/pick me up at the airport tomorrow?
    10 I usually go in/in/by car, but we met in/at/on the bus.
    8 They took in/off/out a loan to buy a car.
    1 Most from/of/in them didn't know.
    4 He wasn't supposed to know. You couldn't/shouldn't/wouldn't have told him.
    7 Come out/on/at. Hurry up! We'll be late.
    2 How long will it ask/take/keep to get there? - About an hour.
    5 Did you get my e-mail? - Yes, but I haven't red/read/readed it yet.
    3 Jane and Bob prepared it himself/themselves/ourselves.
    9 I'm sorry of/at/about that. I did it by/on/of mistake.

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte členy, some nebo any, kde třeba.

    1 Is there place where we could have dinner?
    4 I bought new car. - What did you do with old one?
    10 USA and Canada are almost same size.
    8 I saw it on TV yesterday when I was watching news.
    9 Would you like more cake? - Yes. I haven't had yet.
    3 Can you lend me money? - I don't have money.
    7 I had accident when driving to work this morning.
    5 Have wine! - Thanks, I don't drink alcohol.
    11 A boy from US met girl from Europe.
    13 Take meat out of bag and put it in fridge.
    14 I had busy day at work. I'm going to bed.
    6 Can you give me hand? - I don't have time for that.
    2 Are there other ways? I can't think of .
    12 He's American who makes lot of money.

    Exercise 6

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    • Doplňte překlady vět.

    10 Lepší by bylo počkat. It better to wait.
    5 Doufám, že ne. I hope .
    4 Budete muset počkat. You'll wait.
    3 Je mi to jedno. I don't (about it).
    6 Kolik peněz tam je? How money is there?
    7 Kolikrát jsi to už viděl? How many have you seen it?
    12 Počkám, až přijde. I'll wait him to come.
    9 Neměl bys mu o tom říkat. You tell him.
    2 Byli jsme okradeni. We were .
    14 Co tím myslíte? What do you by that?
    11 To jídlo se může zkazit. The food may bad.
    8 Pokud vím... As as I know ...
    1 Chystám se k odchodu. I'm to leave.
    13 Bude to hotovo do pátku. It'll be finished Friday.

    Exercise 7

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    • Spojte související výroky.

    • 1 He had a house built ...
    • 2 I'll tell her about it ...
    • 3 I've been learning English ...
    • 4 I tried to call him ...
    • 5 We had to wait ...
    • 6 I'm really sorry about ...
    • 7 I had a car accident ...
    • 8 He was fined 500 dollars ...
    • f which made him angry.
    • d but it wasn't my fault.
    • a for about two years now.
    • b what happened to her.
    • e but he isn't answering the phone.
    • h although she shouldn't know.
    • g until they came back.
    • c but he sold it soon after.

    Exercise 8

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    12 I met her in/on/at the bus although I usually go on/in/by car.
    4 I'm trying! - I know but you must try stronger/harder/heavier!
    2 What's up, man? Long time no sea/see/say. How've you been?
    10 I sent it at/to/in his e-mail address at/on/by accident.
    8 I'm in a hurry. I must catch/reach/have the bus.
    5 Are you hungry? - Not right/really/hardly. But I'm thirsty.
    6 I'm feeling unwell. I'll have to see/meet/reach a doctor.
    3 He's a year younger, but he's a head longer/taller/higher than me.
    11 I came at/across/about an interesting article.
    9 There will be no meeting. It was called out/away/off.
    7 Don't give up. You must stay/keep/last trying.
    1 Are you looking forward to it? - Yes, I can't stay/afford/wait to see it.
    13 We didn't meet on/at/by chance. We agreed to meet/meeting/met.

    Předložka by také znamená kolem, vedle (o pohybu). Např.: A police car went by. - Kolem projelo policejní auto. Stop by je hovorově stavit se (za někým).

    Exercise 9

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    • Doplňte druhou větu tak, aby měla opačný význam.

    3 She needn't know about it. - She know about it.
    9 It cost at least 300. - It cost at 300.
    5 You must take off your glasses. - You must put your glasses.
    12 She calmed him down. - She made him .
    4 I threw it away. - I it.
    13 They helped me do it. - I did it .
    11 It's getting better. - It's getting .
    7 The computer is still on. - The computer is .
    6 You can get there by car. - You have to there.
    15 He does hardly any work. - He works really .
    10 I like both beer and wine. - I like beer wine.
    1 I have to work tomorrow. - I'm taking a day tomorrow.
    2 He's found a job. - He was .
    8 Don't bring him with you. - Feel to bring him with you.
    14 What time do you go to bed? - What time do you up?

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte správné tvary slovesa v nápovědě.

    10 He be here a moment ago and he leave a message for you.
    2 I haven't see you for ages!
    3 I've bring some wine.
    4 He's speak to her.
    5 The house was sell for 20.000.
    7 They meet years ago and become friends.
    8 He have an accident and was take to hospital.
    9 I give it to him and I think he keep it.
    1 Where be you last night?
    6 She was hit by a car.

    Slovo left znamená též zbylý. Užívá se hlavně ve spojení be left - zbýt, zbývat. Např.: There's nothing left. - Nic nezbylo., I don't have much money left. - Už mi nezbývá moc peněz. ap.

    Exercise 11

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    • Doplňte správnou předložku.

    3 I'm too tired. I can't go .
    5 We'll meet Christmas Eve at 7 p.m. my place.
    10 What disease did he die ? It's not known.
    4 He'll be back ten minutes. You can wait him.
    2 I'll see you Monday 4 p.m.
    7 Who'll be looking the kids when she's gone?
    6 Don't worry that. I'll take care it.
    11 Do you have it you? - No, I left it work.
    8 They spend all their money food and clothes.
    12 Thank you so much. It's so nice you.
    1 Only one 20 Americans don't have a car.
    9 Look these two. Is there any difference them?

    Američané často jako výraz díků říkají: I appreciate it. - Vážím si toho., Oceňuji to. (appreciate əˈpriːʃɪˌeɪt - oceňovat, vážit si)

    Exercise 12

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    • Utvořte otázky. Ptejte se na zvýrazněná slova.

    2 I've been waiting for an hour.
    5 We'll spend the weekend at the seaside.
    9 He drank five beers.
    8 I haven't sent it yet.
    7 It cost me over 500 dollars.
    10 I've been learning English for a year.
    1 He left for work an hour ago.
    4 I told Bob and Jane about it.
    6 I've known her for 2 years.
    3 Nobody else knows about it.

    Exercise 13

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    • Doplňte překlady vět pomocí trpného rodu.

    12 Našli ji o týden později. She a week later.
    3 Mohli by ho vyhodit z práce. He could .
    8 Článek napsala dívka. The article by a girl.
    1 Ukradli mu auto. His car .
    7 Toto slovo se často neužívá. This word often.
    5 Postavili 3 nové domy. Three new houses .
    4 Srazilo je nákladní auto. They by a truck.
    9 Vzali ho na vysokou. He to college.
    10 Ví se o něm, že je bohatý. He to be rich.
    6 Tato auta se vyrábí v Japonsku. These cars in Japan.
    11 Viděli ji, jak odchází. She leaving.
    2 Bude povýšena. She'll .

    I'm flattered. ˈflætəd nebo též I feel flattered. je česky Jsem polichocen.

    Exercise 14

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu tvary slovesa do nebo make.

    8 I need to a phone call.
    5 I'm running late. I won't it in time.
    15 it sense to you?
    6 We can't without their help.
    9 These photos me want to go on holiday.
    10 Please your best. It's very important.
    1 Have you your homework?
    4 How did you at school? Were you a good student?
    3 Stop fun of me!
    12 I only have 20 dollars. Will it ?
    11 He a lot of money last year.
    7 They a lot of damage when they broke in.
    14 He it to her angry.
    2 I've a big mistake.
    13 This dress me look fat.

    Exercise 15

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    • Doplňte odpovědi pomocí slovesa z otázky.

    10 Did you write down his name? - No, I his number.
    9 How did you feel when you found out? - I really bad.
    8 Did you understand him? - I only a few words.
    3 Did you get my message? - No, I no message.
    1 Where did you go on holiday? - We to the seaside.
    2 When did he lose his job? - He his job last year.
    4 When did they send it? - They it last night.
    6 How many times did you try it? - I it at least five times.
    7 Did you buy any wine? - No, I only food.
    5 How long did you spend there? - We a week there.

    Exercise 16

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    • Doplňte správnou předložku.

    4 It's very hot. The temperature is 30 degrees.
    8 She used to work a teacher.
    10 It was a secret meeting. They met closed doors.
    6 I got it Christmas a friend of mine.
    11 It's not for kids. You must be 18 years old to buy it.
    12 We'are all very sorry her death.
    9 It looks you are having a great time.
    2 We'll meet the airport.
    1 Have you ever been the USA?
    3 I'm leaving Paris tomorrow.
    7 I'm tired listening to them. I'm leaving.
    5 It's too hot inside. I'll wait the pub.

    Spojení feel sorry for se užívá, když někoho litujete, be sorry for hlavně při omluvě za svůj čin ap., ale be sorry about se užije o situaci či něčem, co nastalo. Např.: I felt sorry for him. - Bylo mi ho líto., I'm sorry for disturbing you. - Promiňte, že vás ruším. ALE I'm sorry about that. - To mě mrzí. Sorry se může vázat i s infinitivem. Např.: We're sorry to inform you ... - S politováním vám oznamujeme...

    Exercise 17

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    • Napište věty, které uslyšíte. Neužívejte stažené tvary. (Pište celými slovy.)

    9
    7
    4
    8
    10
    2
    3
    6
    5
    1

    Exercise 18

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    • Spojte výroky, které mají opačný význam.

    • 1 He's jobless.
    • 2 He made her angry.
    • 3 He's in good health.
    • 4 I'm enjoying it.
    • 5 He died there.
    • 6 I don't care about her.
    • 7 I have two siblings.
    • 8 I'm really hungry.
    • e He's employed.
    • b I'm tired of it.
    • d I'm an only child.
    • g I'm crazy about her.
    • a He's seriously ill.
    • h He was born there.
    • c I've eaten.
    • f He calmed her down.

    Exercise 19

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    • Doplňte větu posunutou do minulého času s užitím časové souslednosti.

    7 I believe he forgot about it. - I believed he it.
    1 I think she is there. - I thought she there.
    10 I know what he's going to do. - I knew what he going to do.
    2 I'm afraid they're lost. - I was afraid they lost.
    4 I suppose you know that. - I supposed you that.
    5 I hope you'll come. - I hoped you come.
    3 I'm sure they have it. - I was sure they it.
    9 I don't know who did it. - I didn't know who it.
    8 He says he was there. - He said he there.
    6 She says she'll help us. - She said she help us.

    Exercise 20

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    • Přeložte. Použijte nápovědu.

    3 Právě jsem to dodělal.
    just
    4 Už odešli.
    already
    8 Co ještě bych měl udělat?
    else
    5 Neviděl jsem ho už měsíce.
    for months
    1 Díváme se právě na film.
    just
    9 Dám si ještě jedno pivo.
    more
    2 Už jsi to poslal?
    yet
    10 Zkus to ještě jednou.
    again; more
    7 To bude ještě dražší.
    even
    6 Ještě jsem to nečetl.
    yet

    Exercise 21

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    • Doplňte překlady pomocí frázových sloves.

    14 (Dávej) pozor! Watch !
    13 Vyrazíme brzy ráno. We'll out early.
    4 Řekni mu, ať se uklidní. Tell him to down.
    9 Vydržte chvilku. Hold a minute.
    1 Už jsem zjistil, kolik to stojí. I've out how much it costs.
    10 Čti dál. on reading.
    12 Došel mi benzín. I've out of petrol.
    2 Měl by nechat kouření. He should up smoking.
    11 Můžeme to odložit? Can we it off?
    8 Letadlo už odstartovalo. The plane has off.
    6 Ceny domů vzrostly o... House prices up by ...
    3 Chtějí si užít (života). They want to it up.
    5 Musím se přihlásit v hotelu. I must in at the hotel.
    7 Mám pustit televizi? Shall I on the TV?

    Frázové sloveso go for má několik významů. Jeden z nejběžnějších je vybrat si nebo rozhodnout se pro. Např.: I'd go for this one. - Já bych si vybral tento. Ve významu platit pro... se užívá go for stejně jako sloveso apply to əˈplaɪˌtuː. Např.: That goes for you too., That applies to you too. - To platí i pro tebe. ap.

    Jaywalking ˈdʒeɪˌwɔːkɪŋ je neukázněné přecházení silnice. Termín jaywalker ˈdʒeɪˌwɔːkə je neukázněný chodec (přecházející na červenou, mimo přechod ap.).

    Exercise 23

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    • Vyberte správné slovo podle výkladu.

    11 When you've done something many times and you have no problem doing it, you are used to/addicted to/interested in it.
    6 When you get well again after being ill, you have tired/recovered/fainted.
    9 An old person who doesn't work anymore is wrapped/retired/admitted.
    3 When a meeting is to take place later, it is put out/away/off.
    8 When you give someone food, you say: Welcome/Cheers/Help yourself.
    5 To get a driving licence, you must first make/get/pass a driving test.
    10 The part of a street used for walking is called the jaywalk/sidewalk/walker.
    1 When two people are not a couple any more, they break up/down/in.
    2 When you get divorced/married/bored you become a husband and wife.
    4 If you want to eat healthily, you should get/avoid/order junk food.
    7 When someone takes your things away, you are broken/robbed/stolen.

    Obrat to hail a taxi znamená zastavit si taxi (mávnutím). Podobně se užívá fráze wave down a taxi (wave weɪv - mávnout, zamávat).

    Exercise 24

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    • Doplňte překlady.

    14 Ať neodchází! Don't him go!
    7 Nejezdím po městě autem. I don't drive the city.
    6 Zvykl jsem si na to. I used to it.
    1 Zamilovala se do něho. She in love with him.
    11 Mám raději čaj než kávu. I tea to coffee.
    12 Vyzvednu tě na letišti. I'll you up at the airport.
    4 Mám (moc) rád italské jídlo. I'm of Italian food.
    9 Byla okradena dvěma muži. She by two men.
    10 Bude to stát spoustu peněz. It'll cost a of money.
    3 To zní zajímavě. That interesting.
    2 Doufejme, že to vyjde. Let's hope it'll off.
    13 Jeďte po této cestě. Go this road.
    5 Nechám to na vás. I'll it up to you.
    8 Odjíždím v pátek ráno. I'm leaving Friday morning.

    Ať v rozkazu lze také někdy přeložit pomocí obratu make sure (that) (ujisti se/zajisti, že...) Např.: Make sure you don't lose it. - Ať to neztratíš., Make sure he doesn't break it. - Ať to nerozbije. ap.

    Exercise 25

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    • Přeložte. Použijte nápovědu.

    1 Nevím, jak dlouho to potrvá.
    take
    13 To nevadí.
    mind
    14 To rád slyším.
    glad
    6 Nechce se mi tam jít.
    feel like
    4 To je ale překvapení!
    surprise
    11 Platím já! (pití ap.)
    buy
    8 To by bylo skvělé!
    great
    9 Změnil jsem názor.
    mind
    12 Neslyším vás.
    can
    5 Co takhle si dát pivo?
    pint
    3 Pokud vím, tak tady není.
    as far as
    10 Rádi bychom si objednali.
    order
    2 Dám vám vědět co nejdřív.
    as soon as
    7 Nejsem z toho zrovna nadšený.
    crazy

    Pozor na slovo frekventovaný při překladu do angličtiny! Ve významu častý je to frequent. Chcete-li ale říct, že je něco často navštěvované nebo je zde velký provoz, užije se frequented frɪˈkwεntɪd. Např.: frequented road - frekventovaná silnice.

    Exercise 26

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    • Přeložte.

    16 Bydlím tady už deset let.
    20 Hodně štěstí!
    13 Nechám to na vás.
    6 Postarám se o to.
    14 Kdybych to měl, dal bych ti to.
    2 Mám zpoždění.
    18 Učím se anglicky už dva roky.
    4 Co se děje?
    19 Všechno nejlepší k narozeninám!
    3 Dlouho vás nezdržím.
    12 Ještě nepřišel.
    15 Nikdy jsem v Londýně nebyl.
    1 Máte pravdu.
    5 Nevěděl jsem o tom.
    7 Nebudu moci přijít.
    17 Jak dlouho už tady čekáte?
    9 Co ještě potřebujete?
    11 Musel jsem tam jít.
    10 Nemusíte platit.
    8 Nesmíš to nikomu říct.

    Sidewalk je americký termín. V Británii pro chodník užívají pavement ˈpeɪvmənt! V americké angličtině je ale pavement zpevněná vozovka (asfaltovaný povrch ap.).

    Připoutat se (v autě ap.) se hlavně v americké angličtině hovorově řekne buckle up ˈbʌkəlˌʌp. Např.: Buckle up! - Připoutej(te) se!

    Pozor! Slovo police se v angličtině chová jako podstatné jméno v množném čísle, tedy: The police are ..., The police have ... ap.! Např. The police are after him. - Jde po něm policie., Police say that ... - Policie říká, že...