Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Přeložte.

    8 He's to come too.
    2 I don't get it.
    3 It's getting worse.
    17 I'm looking forward to that.
    16 I'll do it asap.
    7 He's known her for years.
    4 They differ in many ways.
    14 We had the house built.
    18 I've been taking driving lessons.
    13 Have we met (before)?
    1 How've you been?
    5 He has no sense of humour.
    9 What was I supposed to do?
    11 I'll do my best.
    12 I'd love to, but I can't.
    15 Have you done it yet?
    19 I was fined for speeding.
    6 It made him angry.
    10 Can you give me a lift?

    Speeding spiːdɪŋ je překročení povolené rychlosti (speed - rychlost). Speeding ticket je pokuta za rychlost. Např.: He got a speeding ticket. - Dostal pokutu za rychlost.

    Exercise 2

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    • Poslechněte si nahrávku a určete, zda je tvrzení pravdivé (true), nebo nepravdivé (false).

    1 Bob was fined 400 dollars for driving too fast.
    4 Americans mostly buy cars made in the US.
    2 John had an accident, but it wasn't his fault.
    5 New Yorkers are known to walk a lot around the city.
    8 The number of yellow cabs in New York is about 13.5 thousand.
    6 Both the British and Americans like to use trains.
    3 They usually don't leave a tip in British pubs.
    7 Some 5 million people travel on the tube every day in London.

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte odpovídající výroky.

    • 1 I'll keep it on.
    • 2 I won't keep you long.
    • 3 He broke up with her.
    • 4 I'll find out.
    • 5 He made it up.
    • 6 I'll catch up with you.
    • 7 He's missing her.
    • 8 He was fired.
    • g Nezdržím tě dlouho.
    • d Rozešel se s ní.
    • c Dostal vyhazov.
    • f Vymyslel si to.
    • b Doženu vás.
    • e Nechám si to na sobě.
    • a Chybí mu.
    • g Zjistím to.

    Exercise 4

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    7 Come out/on/at. Hurry up! We'll be late.
    4 He wasn't supposed to know. You couldn't/shouldn't/wouldn't have told him.
    3 Jane and Bob prepared it himself/themselves/ourselves.
    2 How long will it ask/take/keep to get there? - About an hour.
    8 They took in/off/out a loan to buy a car.
    1 Most from/of/in them didn't know.
    6 Could you take/get/pick me up at the airport tomorrow?
    10 I usually go in/in/by car, but we met in/at/on the bus.
    9 I'm sorry of/at/about that. I did it by/on/of mistake.
    5 Did you get my e-mail? - Yes, but I haven't red/read/readed it yet.

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte členy, some nebo any, kde třeba.

    6 Can you give me hand? - I don't have time for that.
    4 I bought new car. - What did you do with old one?
    8 I saw it on TV yesterday when I was watching news.
    1 Is there place where we could have dinner?
    9 Would you like more cake? - Yes. I haven't had yet.
    2 Are there other ways? I can't think of .
    12 He's American who makes lot of money.
    7 I had accident when driving to work this morning.
    5 Have wine! - Thanks, I don't drink alcohol.
    14 I had busy day at work. I'm going to bed.
    11 A boy from US met girl from Europe.
    10 USA and Canada are almost same size.
    13 Take meat out of bag and put it in fridge.
    3 Can you lend me money? - I don't have money.

    Exercise 6

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    • Doplňte překlady vět.

    11 To jídlo se může zkazit. The food may bad.
    2 Byli jsme okradeni. We were .
    14 Co tím myslíte? What do you by that?
    3 Je mi to jedno. I don't (about it).
    8 Pokud vím... As as I know ...
    1 Chystám se k odchodu. I'm to leave.
    6 Kolik peněz tam je? How money is there?
    10 Lepší by bylo počkat. It better to wait.
    7 Kolikrát jsi to už viděl? How many have you seen it?
    12 Počkám, až přijde. I'll wait him to come.
    5 Doufám, že ne. I hope .
    13 Bude to hotovo do pátku. It'll be finished Friday.
    4 Budete muset počkat. You'll wait.
    9 Neměl bys mu o tom říkat. You tell him.

    Exercise 7

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    • Spojte související výroky.

    • 1 He had a house built ...
    • 2 I'll tell her about it ...
    • 3 I've been learning English ...
    • 4 I tried to call him ...
    • 5 We had to wait ...
    • 6 I'm really sorry about ...
    • 7 I had a car accident ...
    • 8 He was fined 500 dollars ...
    • b what happened to her.
    • f which made him angry.
    • a for about two years now.
    • e but he isn't answering the phone.
    • h although she shouldn't know.
    • d but it wasn't my fault.
    • c but he sold it soon after.
    • g until they came back.

    Exercise 8

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    8 I'm in a hurry. I must catch/reach/have the bus.
    13 We didn't meet on/at/by chance. We agreed to meet/meeting/met.
    11 I came at/across/about an interesting article.
    1 Are you looking forward to it? - Yes, I can't stay/afford/wait to see it.
    9 There will be no meeting. It was called out/away/off.
    6 I'm feeling unwell. I'll have to see/meet/reach a doctor.
    10 I sent it at/to/in his e-mail address at/on/by accident.
    7 Don't give up. You must stay/keep/last trying.
    2 What's up, man? Long time no sea/see/say. How've you been?
    5 Are you hungry? - Not right/really/hardly. But I'm thirsty.
    12 I met her in/on/at the bus although I usually go on/in/by car.
    4 I'm trying! - I know but you must try stronger/harder/heavier!
    3 He's a year younger, but he's a head longer/taller/higher than me.

    Předložka by také znamená kolem, vedle (o pohybu). Např.: A police car went by. - Kolem projelo policejní auto. Stop by je hovorově stavit se (za někým).

    Exercise 9

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    • Doplňte druhou větu tak, aby měla opačný význam.

    12 She calmed him down. - She made him .
    15 He does hardly any work. - He works really .
    9 It cost at least 300. - It cost at 300.
    13 They helped me do it. - I did it .
    10 I like both beer and wine. - I like beer wine.
    6 You can get there by car. - You have to there.
    14 What time do you go to bed? - What time do you up?
    11 It's getting better. - It's getting .
    5 You must take off your glasses. - You must put your glasses.
    7 The computer is still on. - The computer is .
    1 I have to work tomorrow. - I'm taking a day tomorrow.
    3 She needn't know about it. - She know about it.
    4 I threw it away. - I it.
    8 Don't bring him with you. - Feel to bring him with you.
    2 He's found a job. - He was .

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte správné tvary slovesa v nápovědě.

    1 Where be you last night?
    7 They meet years ago and become friends.
    5 The house was sell for 20.000.
    10 He be here a moment ago and he leave a message for you.
    4 He's speak to her.
    8 He have an accident and was take to hospital.
    3 I've bring some wine.
    2 I haven't see you for ages!
    9 I give it to him and I think he keep it.
    6 She was hit by a car.

    Slovo left znamená též zbylý. Užívá se hlavně ve spojení be left - zbýt, zbývat. Např.: There's nothing left. - Nic nezbylo., I don't have much money left. - Už mi nezbývá moc peněz. ap.

    Exercise 11

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    • Doplňte správnou předložku.

    5 We'll meet Christmas Eve at 7 p.m. my place.
    8 They spend all their money food and clothes.
    12 Thank you so much. It's so nice you.
    3 I'm too tired. I can't go .
    1 Only one 20 Americans don't have a car.
    9 Look these two. Is there any difference them?
    7 Who'll be looking the kids when she's gone?
    2 I'll see you Monday 4 p.m.
    6 Don't worry that. I'll take care it.
    11 Do you have it you? - No, I left it work.
    4 He'll be back ten minutes. You can wait him.
    10 What disease did he die ? It's not known.

    Američané často jako výraz díků říkají: I appreciate it. - Vážím si toho., Oceňuji to. (appreciate əˈpriːʃɪˌeɪt - oceňovat, vážit si)

    Exercise 12

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    • Utvořte otázky. Ptejte se na zvýrazněná slova.

    10 I've been learning English for a year.
    6 I've known her for 2 years.
    1 He left for work an hour ago.
    8 I haven't sent it yet.
    7 It cost me over 500 dollars.
    3 Nobody else knows about it.
    2 I've been waiting for an hour.
    9 He drank five beers.
    4 I told Bob and Jane about it.
    5 We'll spend the weekend at the seaside.

    Exercise 13

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    • Doplňte překlady vět pomocí trpného rodu.

    2 Bude povýšena. She'll .
    3 Mohli by ho vyhodit z práce. He could .
    4 Srazilo je nákladní auto. They by a truck.
    6 Tato auta se vyrábí v Japonsku. These cars in Japan.
    10 Ví se o něm, že je bohatý. He to be rich.
    7 Toto slovo se často neužívá. This word often.
    5 Postavili 3 nové domy. Three new houses .
    12 Našli ji o týden později. She a week later.
    9 Vzali ho na vysokou. He to college.
    1 Ukradli mu auto. His car .
    11 Viděli ji, jak odchází. She leaving.
    8 Článek napsala dívka. The article by a girl.

    I'm flattered. ˈflætəd nebo též I feel flattered. je česky Jsem polichocen.

    Exercise 14

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu tvary slovesa do nebo make.

    11 He a lot of money last year.
    10 Please your best. It's very important.
    9 These photos me want to go on holiday.
    1 Have you your homework?
    3 Stop fun of me!
    6 We can't without their help.
    8 I need to a phone call.
    2 I've a big mistake.
    14 He it to her angry.
    7 They a lot of damage when they broke in.
    13 This dress me look fat.
    4 How did you at school? Were you a good student?
    5 I'm running late. I won't it in time.
    12 I only have 20 dollars. Will it ?
    15 it sense to you?

    Exercise 15

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    • Doplňte odpovědi pomocí slovesa z otázky.

    7 Did you buy any wine? - No, I only food.
    8 Did you understand him? - I only a few words.
    3 Did you get my message? - No, I no message.
    9 How did you feel when you found out? - I really bad.
    10 Did you write down his name? - No, I his number.
    5 How long did you spend there? - We a week there.
    2 When did he lose his job? - He his job last year.
    4 When did they send it? - They it last night.
    6 How many times did you try it? - I it at least five times.
    1 Where did you go on holiday? - We to the seaside.

    Exercise 16

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    • Doplňte správnou předložku.

    6 I got it Christmas a friend of mine.
    9 It looks you are having a great time.
    11 It's not for kids. You must be 18 years old to buy it.
    10 It was a secret meeting. They met closed doors.
    3 I'm leaving Paris tomorrow.
    5 It's too hot inside. I'll wait the pub.
    4 It's very hot. The temperature is 30 degrees.
    2 We'll meet the airport.
    8 She used to work a teacher.
    7 I'm tired listening to them. I'm leaving.
    1 Have you ever been the USA?
    12 We'are all very sorry her death.

    Spojení feel sorry for se užívá, když někoho litujete, be sorry for hlavně při omluvě za svůj čin ap., ale be sorry about se užije o situaci či něčem, co nastalo. Např.: I felt sorry for him. - Bylo mi ho líto., I'm sorry for disturbing you. - Promiňte, že vás ruším. ALE I'm sorry about that. - To mě mrzí. Sorry se může vázat i s infinitivem. Např.: We're sorry to inform you ... - S politováním vám oznamujeme...

    Exercise 17

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    • Napište věty, které uslyšíte. Neužívejte stažené tvary. (Pište celými slovy.)

    6
    1
    7
    10
    3
    4
    2
    9
    8
    5

    Exercise 18

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    • Spojte výroky, které mají opačný význam.

    • 1 He's jobless.
    • 2 He made her angry.
    • 3 He's in good health.
    • 4 I'm enjoying it.
    • 5 He died there.
    • 6 I don't care about her.
    • 7 I have two siblings.
    • 8 I'm really hungry.
    • d I'm an only child.
    • c I've eaten.
    • e He's employed.
    • f He calmed her down.
    • g I'm crazy about her.
    • a He's seriously ill.
    • h He was born there.
    • b I'm tired of it.

    Exercise 19

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    • Doplňte větu posunutou do minulého času s užitím časové souslednosti.

    8 He says he was there. - He said he there.
    3 I'm sure they have it. - I was sure they it.
    9 I don't know who did it. - I didn't know who it.
    1 I think she is there. - I thought she there.
    5 I hope you'll come. - I hoped you come.
    6 She says she'll help us. - She said she help us.
    2 I'm afraid they're lost. - I was afraid they lost.
    4 I suppose you know that. - I supposed you that.
    7 I believe he forgot about it. - I believed he it.
    10 I know what he's going to do. - I knew what he going to do.

    Exercise 20

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    • Přeložte. Použijte nápovědu.

    7 To bude ještě dražší.
    even
    1 Díváme se právě na film.
    just
    2 Už jsi to poslal?
    yet
    9 Dám si ještě jedno pivo.
    more
    8 Co ještě bych měl udělat?
    else
    5 Neviděl jsem ho už měsíce.
    for months
    10 Zkus to ještě jednou.
    again; more
    3 Právě jsem to dodělal.
    just
    4 Už odešli.
    already
    6 Ještě jsem to nečetl.
    yet

    Exercise 21

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    • Doplňte překlady pomocí frázových sloves.

    7 Mám pustit televizi? Shall I on the TV?
    4 Řekni mu, ať se uklidní. Tell him to down.
    9 Vydržte chvilku. Hold a minute.
    2 Měl by nechat kouření. He should up smoking.
    1 Už jsem zjistil, kolik to stojí. I've out how much it costs.
    8 Letadlo už odstartovalo. The plane has off.
    13 Vyrazíme brzy ráno. We'll out early.
    10 Čti dál. on reading.
    12 Došel mi benzín. I've out of petrol.
    5 Musím se přihlásit v hotelu. I must in at the hotel.
    3 Chtějí si užít (života). They want to it up.
    6 Ceny domů vzrostly o... House prices up by ...
    11 Můžeme to odložit? Can we it off?
    14 (Dávej) pozor! Watch !

    Frázové sloveso go for má několik významů. Jeden z nejběžnějších je vybrat si nebo rozhodnout se pro. Např.: I'd go for this one. - Já bych si vybral tento. Ve významu platit pro... se užívá go for stejně jako sloveso apply to əˈplaɪˌtuː. Např.: That goes for you too., That applies to you too. - To platí i pro tebe. ap.

    Jaywalking ˈdʒeɪˌwɔːkɪŋ je neukázněné přecházení silnice. Termín jaywalker ˈdʒeɪˌwɔːkə je neukázněný chodec (přecházející na červenou, mimo přechod ap.).

    Exercise 23

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    • Vyberte správné slovo podle výkladu.

    9 An old person who doesn't work anymore is wrapped/retired/admitted.
    6 When you get well again after being ill, you have tired/recovered/fainted.
    3 When a meeting is to take place later, it is put out/away/off.
    2 When you get divorced/married/bored you become a husband and wife.
    10 The part of a street used for walking is called the jaywalk/sidewalk/walker.
    1 When two people are not a couple any more, they break up/down/in.
    11 When you've done something many times and you have no problem doing it, you are used to/addicted to/interested in it.
    7 When someone takes your things away, you are broken/robbed/stolen.
    4 If you want to eat healthily, you should get/avoid/order junk food.
    8 When you give someone food, you say: Welcome/Cheers/Help yourself.
    5 To get a driving licence, you must first make/get/pass a driving test.

    Obrat to hail a taxi znamená zastavit si taxi (mávnutím). Podobně se užívá fráze wave down a taxi (wave weɪv - mávnout, zamávat).

    Exercise 24

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    • Doplňte překlady.

    12 Vyzvednu tě na letišti. I'll you up at the airport.
    6 Zvykl jsem si na to. I used to it.
    4 Mám (moc) rád italské jídlo. I'm of Italian food.
    2 Doufejme, že to vyjde. Let's hope it'll off.
    11 Mám raději čaj než kávu. I tea to coffee.
    1 Zamilovala se do něho. She in love with him.
    3 To zní zajímavě. That interesting.
    14 Ať neodchází! Don't him go!
    13 Jeďte po této cestě. Go this road.
    10 Bude to stát spoustu peněz. It'll cost a of money.
    7 Nejezdím po městě autem. I don't drive the city.
    9 Byla okradena dvěma muži. She by two men.
    8 Odjíždím v pátek ráno. I'm leaving Friday morning.
    5 Nechám to na vás. I'll it up to you.

    Ať v rozkazu lze také někdy přeložit pomocí obratu make sure (that) (ujisti se/zajisti, že...) Např.: Make sure you don't lose it. - Ať to neztratíš., Make sure he doesn't break it. - Ať to nerozbije. ap.

    Exercise 25

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    • Přeložte. Použijte nápovědu.

    11 Platím já! (pití ap.)
    buy
    10 Rádi bychom si objednali.
    order
    8 To by bylo skvělé!
    great
    7 Nejsem z toho zrovna nadšený.
    crazy
    9 Změnil jsem názor.
    mind
    2 Dám vám vědět co nejdřív.
    as soon as
    1 Nevím, jak dlouho to potrvá.
    take
    14 To rád slyším.
    glad
    5 Co takhle si dát pivo?
    pint
    13 To nevadí.
    mind
    12 Neslyším vás.
    can
    4 To je ale překvapení!
    surprise
    3 Pokud vím, tak tady není.
    as far as
    6 Nechce se mi tam jít.
    feel like

    Pozor na slovo frekventovaný při překladu do angličtiny! Ve významu častý je to frequent. Chcete-li ale říct, že je něco často navštěvované nebo je zde velký provoz, užije se frequented frɪˈkwεntɪd. Např.: frequented road - frekventovaná silnice.

    Exercise 26

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    • Přeložte.

    7 Nebudu moci přijít.
    13 Nechám to na vás.
    2 Mám zpoždění.
    19 Všechno nejlepší k narozeninám!
    10 Nemusíte platit.
    8 Nesmíš to nikomu říct.
    15 Nikdy jsem v Londýně nebyl.
    20 Hodně štěstí!
    17 Jak dlouho už tady čekáte?
    18 Učím se anglicky už dva roky.
    14 Kdybych to měl, dal bych ti to.
    3 Dlouho vás nezdržím.
    12 Ještě nepřišel.
    11 Musel jsem tam jít.
    6 Postarám se o to.
    4 Co se děje?
    9 Co ještě potřebujete?
    5 Nevěděl jsem o tom.
    16 Bydlím tady už deset let.
    1 Máte pravdu.

    Sidewalk je americký termín. V Británii pro chodník užívají pavement ˈpeɪvmənt! V americké angličtině je ale pavement zpevněná vozovka (asfaltovaný povrch ap.).

    Připoutat se (v autě ap.) se hlavně v americké angličtině hovorově řekne buckle up ˈbʌkəlˌʌp. Např.: Buckle up! - Připoutej(te) se!

    Pozor! Slovo police se v angličtině chová jako podstatné jméno v množném čísle, tedy: The police are ..., The police have ... ap.! Např. The police are after him. - Jde po něm policie., Police say that ... - Policie říká, že...