Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Přeložte.

    6 It made him angry.
    14 We had the house built.
    4 They differ in many ways.
    16 I'll do it asap.
    19 I was fined for speeding.
    1 How've you been?
    3 It's getting worse.
    5 He has no sense of humour.
    11 I'll do my best.
    7 He's known her for years.
    13 Have we met (before)?
    12 I'd love to, but I can't.
    10 Can you give me a lift?
    18 I've been taking driving lessons.
    8 He's to come too.
    17 I'm looking forward to that.
    2 I don't get it.
    15 Have you done it yet?
    9 What was I supposed to do?

    Speeding spiːdɪŋ je překročení povolené rychlosti (speed - rychlost). Speeding ticket je pokuta za rychlost. Např.: He got a speeding ticket. - Dostal pokutu za rychlost.

    Exercise 2

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    • Poslechněte si nahrávku a určete, zda je tvrzení pravdivé (true), nebo nepravdivé (false).

    1 Bob was fined 400 dollars for driving too fast.
    8 The number of yellow cabs in New York is about 13.5 thousand.
    2 John had an accident, but it wasn't his fault.
    6 Both the British and Americans like to use trains.
    4 Americans mostly buy cars made in the US.
    5 New Yorkers are known to walk a lot around the city.
    7 Some 5 million people travel on the tube every day in London.
    3 They usually don't leave a tip in British pubs.

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte odpovídající výroky.

    • 1 I'll keep it on.
    • 2 I won't keep you long.
    • 3 He broke up with her.
    • 4 I'll find out.
    • 5 He made it up.
    • 6 I'll catch up with you.
    • 7 He's missing her.
    • 8 He was fired.
    • b Doženu vás.
    • a Chybí mu.
    • c Dostal vyhazov.
    • g Zjistím to.
    • e Nechám si to na sobě.
    • d Rozešel se s ní.
    • f Vymyslel si to.
    • g Nezdržím tě dlouho.

    Exercise 4

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    2 How long will it ask/take/keep to get there? - About an hour.
    4 He wasn't supposed to know. You couldn't/shouldn't/wouldn't have told him.
    9 I'm sorry of/at/about that. I did it by/on/of mistake.
    10 I usually go in/in/by car, but we met in/at/on the bus.
    1 Most from/of/in them didn't know.
    6 Could you take/get/pick me up at the airport tomorrow?
    7 Come out/on/at. Hurry up! We'll be late.
    5 Did you get my e-mail? - Yes, but I haven't red/read/readed it yet.
    8 They took in/off/out a loan to buy a car.
    3 Jane and Bob prepared it himself/themselves/ourselves.

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte členy, some nebo any, kde třeba.

    3 Can you lend me money? - I don't have money.
    6 Can you give me hand? - I don't have time for that.
    4 I bought new car. - What did you do with old one?
    8 I saw it on TV yesterday when I was watching news.
    14 I had busy day at work. I'm going to bed.
    13 Take meat out of bag and put it in fridge.
    12 He's American who makes lot of money.
    5 Have wine! - Thanks, I don't drink alcohol.
    1 Is there place where we could have dinner?
    11 A boy from US met girl from Europe.
    9 Would you like more cake? - Yes. I haven't had yet.
    7 I had accident when driving to work this morning.
    2 Are there other ways? I can't think of .
    10 USA and Canada are almost same size.

    Exercise 6

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    • Doplňte překlady vět.

    6 Kolik peněz tam je? How money is there?
    7 Kolikrát jsi to už viděl? How many have you seen it?
    12 Počkám, až přijde. I'll wait him to come.
    8 Pokud vím... As as I know ...
    1 Chystám se k odchodu. I'm to leave.
    9 Neměl bys mu o tom říkat. You tell him.
    13 Bude to hotovo do pátku. It'll be finished Friday.
    14 Co tím myslíte? What do you by that?
    2 Byli jsme okradeni. We were .
    11 To jídlo se může zkazit. The food may bad.
    3 Je mi to jedno. I don't (about it).
    4 Budete muset počkat. You'll wait.
    5 Doufám, že ne. I hope .
    10 Lepší by bylo počkat. It better to wait.

    Exercise 7

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    • Spojte související výroky.

    • 1 He had a house built ...
    • 2 I'll tell her about it ...
    • 3 I've been learning English ...
    • 4 I tried to call him ...
    • 5 We had to wait ...
    • 6 I'm really sorry about ...
    • 7 I had a car accident ...
    • 8 He was fined 500 dollars ...
    • d but it wasn't my fault.
    • a for about two years now.
    • e but he isn't answering the phone.
    • g until they came back.
    • h although she shouldn't know.
    • c but he sold it soon after.
    • b what happened to her.
    • f which made him angry.

    Exercise 8

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    9 There will be no meeting. It was called out/away/off.
    5 Are you hungry? - Not right/really/hardly. But I'm thirsty.
    12 I met her in/on/at the bus although I usually go on/in/by car.
    8 I'm in a hurry. I must catch/reach/have the bus.
    3 He's a year younger, but he's a head longer/taller/higher than me.
    13 We didn't meet on/at/by chance. We agreed to meet/meeting/met.
    1 Are you looking forward to it? - Yes, I can't stay/afford/wait to see it.
    10 I sent it at/to/in his e-mail address at/on/by accident.
    7 Don't give up. You must stay/keep/last trying.
    2 What's up, man? Long time no sea/see/say. How've you been?
    11 I came at/across/about an interesting article.
    6 I'm feeling unwell. I'll have to see/meet/reach a doctor.
    4 I'm trying! - I know but you must try stronger/harder/heavier!

    Předložka by také znamená kolem, vedle (o pohybu). Např.: A police car went by. - Kolem projelo policejní auto. Stop by je hovorově stavit se (za někým).

    Exercise 9

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    • Doplňte druhou větu tak, aby měla opačný význam.

    2 He's found a job. - He was .
    6 You can get there by car. - You have to there.
    13 They helped me do it. - I did it .
    9 It cost at least 300. - It cost at 300.
    10 I like both beer and wine. - I like beer wine.
    5 You must take off your glasses. - You must put your glasses.
    1 I have to work tomorrow. - I'm taking a day tomorrow.
    15 He does hardly any work. - He works really .
    14 What time do you go to bed? - What time do you up?
    4 I threw it away. - I it.
    12 She calmed him down. - She made him .
    3 She needn't know about it. - She know about it.
    11 It's getting better. - It's getting .
    7 The computer is still on. - The computer is .
    8 Don't bring him with you. - Feel to bring him with you.

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte správné tvary slovesa v nápovědě.

    2 I haven't see you for ages!
    4 He's speak to her.
    8 He have an accident and was take to hospital.
    5 The house was sell for 20.000.
    1 Where be you last night?
    7 They meet years ago and become friends.
    3 I've bring some wine.
    9 I give it to him and I think he keep it.
    10 He be here a moment ago and he leave a message for you.
    6 She was hit by a car.

    Slovo left znamená též zbylý. Užívá se hlavně ve spojení be left - zbýt, zbývat. Např.: There's nothing left. - Nic nezbylo., I don't have much money left. - Už mi nezbývá moc peněz. ap.

    Exercise 11

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    • Doplňte správnou předložku.

    11 Do you have it you? - No, I left it work.
    5 We'll meet Christmas Eve at 7 p.m. my place.
    2 I'll see you Monday 4 p.m.
    4 He'll be back ten minutes. You can wait him.
    3 I'm too tired. I can't go .
    10 What disease did he die ? It's not known.
    12 Thank you so much. It's so nice you.
    7 Who'll be looking the kids when she's gone?
    9 Look these two. Is there any difference them?
    8 They spend all their money food and clothes.
    6 Don't worry that. I'll take care it.
    1 Only one 20 Americans don't have a car.

    Američané často jako výraz díků říkají: I appreciate it. - Vážím si toho., Oceňuji to. (appreciate əˈpriːʃɪˌeɪt - oceňovat, vážit si)

    Exercise 12

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    • Utvořte otázky. Ptejte se na zvýrazněná slova.

    6 I've known her for 2 years.
    2 I've been waiting for an hour.
    7 It cost me over 500 dollars.
    10 I've been learning English for a year.
    1 He left for work an hour ago.
    4 I told Bob and Jane about it.
    8 I haven't sent it yet.
    3 Nobody else knows about it.
    9 He drank five beers.
    5 We'll spend the weekend at the seaside.

    Exercise 13

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    • Doplňte překlady vět pomocí trpného rodu.

    11 Viděli ji, jak odchází. She leaving.
    10 Ví se o něm, že je bohatý. He to be rich.
    2 Bude povýšena. She'll .
    8 Článek napsala dívka. The article by a girl.
    5 Postavili 3 nové domy. Three new houses .
    3 Mohli by ho vyhodit z práce. He could .
    4 Srazilo je nákladní auto. They by a truck.
    6 Tato auta se vyrábí v Japonsku. These cars in Japan.
    1 Ukradli mu auto. His car .
    7 Toto slovo se často neužívá. This word often.
    9 Vzali ho na vysokou. He to college.
    12 Našli ji o týden později. She a week later.

    I'm flattered. ˈflætəd nebo též I feel flattered. je česky Jsem polichocen.

    Exercise 14

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu tvary slovesa do nebo make.

    10 Please your best. It's very important.
    5 I'm running late. I won't it in time.
    1 Have you your homework?
    2 I've a big mistake.
    11 He a lot of money last year.
    14 He it to her angry.
    8 I need to a phone call.
    7 They a lot of damage when they broke in.
    13 This dress me look fat.
    3 Stop fun of me!
    6 We can't without their help.
    15 it sense to you?
    4 How did you at school? Were you a good student?
    12 I only have 20 dollars. Will it ?
    9 These photos me want to go on holiday.

    Exercise 15

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    • Doplňte odpovědi pomocí slovesa z otázky.

    2 When did he lose his job? - He his job last year.
    3 Did you get my message? - No, I no message.
    7 Did you buy any wine? - No, I only food.
    9 How did you feel when you found out? - I really bad.
    6 How many times did you try it? - I it at least five times.
    8 Did you understand him? - I only a few words.
    10 Did you write down his name? - No, I his number.
    5 How long did you spend there? - We a week there.
    4 When did they send it? - They it last night.
    1 Where did you go on holiday? - We to the seaside.

    Exercise 16

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    • Doplňte správnou předložku.

    10 It was a secret meeting. They met closed doors.
    9 It looks you are having a great time.
    2 We'll meet the airport.
    7 I'm tired listening to them. I'm leaving.
    4 It's very hot. The temperature is 30 degrees.
    6 I got it Christmas a friend of mine.
    12 We'are all very sorry her death.
    5 It's too hot inside. I'll wait the pub.
    3 I'm leaving Paris tomorrow.
    8 She used to work a teacher.
    11 It's not for kids. You must be 18 years old to buy it.
    1 Have you ever been the USA?

    Spojení feel sorry for se užívá, když někoho litujete, be sorry for hlavně při omluvě za svůj čin ap., ale be sorry about se užije o situaci či něčem, co nastalo. Např.: I felt sorry for him. - Bylo mi ho líto., I'm sorry for disturbing you. - Promiňte, že vás ruším. ALE I'm sorry about that. - To mě mrzí. Sorry se může vázat i s infinitivem. Např.: We're sorry to inform you ... - S politováním vám oznamujeme...

    Exercise 17

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    • Napište věty, které uslyšíte. Neužívejte stažené tvary. (Pište celými slovy.)

    7
    4
    3
    2
    6
    8
    1
    10
    9
    5

    Exercise 18

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    • Spojte výroky, které mají opačný význam.

    • 1 He's jobless.
    • 2 He made her angry.
    • 3 He's in good health.
    • 4 I'm enjoying it.
    • 5 He died there.
    • 6 I don't care about her.
    • 7 I have two siblings.
    • 8 I'm really hungry.
    • f He calmed her down.
    • b I'm tired of it.
    • e He's employed.
    • h He was born there.
    • d I'm an only child.
    • c I've eaten.
    • a He's seriously ill.
    • g I'm crazy about her.

    Exercise 19

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    • Doplňte větu posunutou do minulého času s užitím časové souslednosti.

    1 I think she is there. - I thought she there.
    3 I'm sure they have it. - I was sure they it.
    10 I know what he's going to do. - I knew what he going to do.
    4 I suppose you know that. - I supposed you that.
    6 She says she'll help us. - She said she help us.
    2 I'm afraid they're lost. - I was afraid they lost.
    9 I don't know who did it. - I didn't know who it.
    5 I hope you'll come. - I hoped you come.
    7 I believe he forgot about it. - I believed he it.
    8 He says he was there. - He said he there.

    Exercise 20

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    • Přeložte. Použijte nápovědu.

    2 Už jsi to poslal?
    yet
    1 Díváme se právě na film.
    just
    7 To bude ještě dražší.
    even
    10 Zkus to ještě jednou.
    again; more
    4 Už odešli.
    already
    6 Ještě jsem to nečetl.
    yet
    5 Neviděl jsem ho už měsíce.
    for months
    8 Co ještě bych měl udělat?
    else
    9 Dám si ještě jedno pivo.
    more
    3 Právě jsem to dodělal.
    just

    Exercise 21

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    • Doplňte překlady pomocí frázových sloves.

    14 (Dávej) pozor! Watch !
    7 Mám pustit televizi? Shall I on the TV?
    4 Řekni mu, ať se uklidní. Tell him to down.
    1 Už jsem zjistil, kolik to stojí. I've out how much it costs.
    12 Došel mi benzín. I've out of petrol.
    8 Letadlo už odstartovalo. The plane has off.
    3 Chtějí si užít (života). They want to it up.
    13 Vyrazíme brzy ráno. We'll out early.
    9 Vydržte chvilku. Hold a minute.
    2 Měl by nechat kouření. He should up smoking.
    5 Musím se přihlásit v hotelu. I must in at the hotel.
    6 Ceny domů vzrostly o... House prices up by ...
    11 Můžeme to odložit? Can we it off?
    10 Čti dál. on reading.

    Frázové sloveso go for má několik významů. Jeden z nejběžnějších je vybrat si nebo rozhodnout se pro. Např.: I'd go for this one. - Já bych si vybral tento. Ve významu platit pro... se užívá go for stejně jako sloveso apply to əˈplaɪˌtuː. Např.: That goes for you too., That applies to you too. - To platí i pro tebe. ap.

    Jaywalking ˈdʒeɪˌwɔːkɪŋ je neukázněné přecházení silnice. Termín jaywalker ˈdʒeɪˌwɔːkə je neukázněný chodec (přecházející na červenou, mimo přechod ap.).

    Exercise 23

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    • Vyberte správné slovo podle výkladu.

    1 When two people are not a couple any more, they break up/down/in.
    7 When someone takes your things away, you are broken/robbed/stolen.
    10 The part of a street used for walking is called the jaywalk/sidewalk/walker.
    3 When a meeting is to take place later, it is put out/away/off.
    9 An old person who doesn't work anymore is wrapped/retired/admitted.
    11 When you've done something many times and you have no problem doing it, you are used to/addicted to/interested in it.
    5 To get a driving licence, you must first make/get/pass a driving test.
    6 When you get well again after being ill, you have tired/recovered/fainted.
    2 When you get divorced/married/bored you become a husband and wife.
    4 If you want to eat healthily, you should get/avoid/order junk food.
    8 When you give someone food, you say: Welcome/Cheers/Help yourself.

    Obrat to hail a taxi znamená zastavit si taxi (mávnutím). Podobně se užívá fráze wave down a taxi (wave weɪv - mávnout, zamávat).

    Exercise 24

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    • Doplňte překlady.

    7 Nejezdím po městě autem. I don't drive the city.
    6 Zvykl jsem si na to. I used to it.
    5 Nechám to na vás. I'll it up to you.
    14 Ať neodchází! Don't him go!
    12 Vyzvednu tě na letišti. I'll you up at the airport.
    8 Odjíždím v pátek ráno. I'm leaving Friday morning.
    1 Zamilovala se do něho. She in love with him.
    13 Jeďte po této cestě. Go this road.
    9 Byla okradena dvěma muži. She by two men.
    4 Mám (moc) rád italské jídlo. I'm of Italian food.
    11 Mám raději čaj než kávu. I tea to coffee.
    2 Doufejme, že to vyjde. Let's hope it'll off.
    3 To zní zajímavě. That interesting.
    10 Bude to stát spoustu peněz. It'll cost a of money.

    Ať v rozkazu lze také někdy přeložit pomocí obratu make sure (that) (ujisti se/zajisti, že...) Např.: Make sure you don't lose it. - Ať to neztratíš., Make sure he doesn't break it. - Ať to nerozbije. ap.

    Exercise 25

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    • Přeložte. Použijte nápovědu.

    3 Pokud vím, tak tady není.
    as far as
    8 To by bylo skvělé!
    great
    4 To je ale překvapení!
    surprise
    12 Neslyším vás.
    can
    14 To rád slyším.
    glad
    5 Co takhle si dát pivo?
    pint
    10 Rádi bychom si objednali.
    order
    6 Nechce se mi tam jít.
    feel like
    7 Nejsem z toho zrovna nadšený.
    crazy
    1 Nevím, jak dlouho to potrvá.
    take
    9 Změnil jsem názor.
    mind
    13 To nevadí.
    mind
    2 Dám vám vědět co nejdřív.
    as soon as
    11 Platím já! (pití ap.)
    buy

    Pozor na slovo frekventovaný při překladu do angličtiny! Ve významu častý je to frequent. Chcete-li ale říct, že je něco často navštěvované nebo je zde velký provoz, užije se frequented frɪˈkwεntɪd. Např.: frequented road - frekventovaná silnice.

    Exercise 26

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    • Přeložte.

    16 Bydlím tady už deset let.
    6 Postarám se o to.
    1 Máte pravdu.
    2 Mám zpoždění.
    17 Jak dlouho už tady čekáte?
    13 Nechám to na vás.
    4 Co se děje?
    10 Nemusíte platit.
    19 Všechno nejlepší k narozeninám!
    15 Nikdy jsem v Londýně nebyl.
    14 Kdybych to měl, dal bych ti to.
    11 Musel jsem tam jít.
    7 Nebudu moci přijít.
    5 Nevěděl jsem o tom.
    20 Hodně štěstí!
    3 Dlouho vás nezdržím.
    12 Ještě nepřišel.
    9 Co ještě potřebujete?
    18 Učím se anglicky už dva roky.
    8 Nesmíš to nikomu říct.

    Sidewalk je americký termín. V Británii pro chodník užívají pavement ˈpeɪvmənt! V americké angličtině je ale pavement zpevněná vozovka (asfaltovaný povrch ap.).

    Připoutat se (v autě ap.) se hlavně v americké angličtině hovorově řekne buckle up ˈbʌkəlˌʌp. Např.: Buckle up! - Připoutej(te) se!

    Pozor! Slovo police se v angličtině chová jako podstatné jméno v množném čísle, tedy: The police are ..., The police have ... ap.! Např. The police are after him. - Jde po něm policie., Police say that ... - Policie říká, že...