Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Přeložte.

    11 I'll do my best.
    17 I'm looking forward to that.
    19 I was fined for speeding.
    1 How've you been?
    14 We had the house built.
    18 I've been taking driving lessons.
    15 Have you done it yet?
    7 He's known her for years.
    13 Have we met (before)?
    6 It made him angry.
    2 I don't get it.
    8 He's to come too.
    5 He has no sense of humour.
    3 It's getting worse.
    9 What was I supposed to do?
    10 Can you give me a lift?
    16 I'll do it asap.
    12 I'd love to, but I can't.
    4 They differ in many ways.

    Speeding spiːdɪŋ je překročení povolené rychlosti (speed - rychlost). Speeding ticket je pokuta za rychlost. Např.: He got a speeding ticket. - Dostal pokutu za rychlost.

    Exercise 2

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    • Poslechněte si nahrávku a určete, zda je tvrzení pravdivé (true), nebo nepravdivé (false).

    3 They usually don't leave a tip in British pubs.
    7 Some 5 million people travel on the tube every day in London.
    6 Both the British and Americans like to use trains.
    4 Americans mostly buy cars made in the US.
    8 The number of yellow cabs in New York is about 13.5 thousand.
    2 John had an accident, but it wasn't his fault.
    1 Bob was fined 400 dollars for driving too fast.
    5 New Yorkers are known to walk a lot around the city.

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte odpovídající výroky.

    • 1 I'll keep it on.
    • 2 I won't keep you long.
    • 3 He broke up with her.
    • 4 I'll find out.
    • 5 He made it up.
    • 6 I'll catch up with you.
    • 7 He's missing her.
    • 8 He was fired.
    • d Rozešel se s ní.
    • c Dostal vyhazov.
    • g Zjistím to.
    • f Vymyslel si to.
    • b Doženu vás.
    • a Chybí mu.
    • g Nezdržím tě dlouho.
    • e Nechám si to na sobě.

    Exercise 4

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    6 Could you take/get/pick me up at the airport tomorrow?
    9 I'm sorry of/at/about that. I did it by/on/of mistake.
    5 Did you get my e-mail? - Yes, but I haven't red/read/readed it yet.
    3 Jane and Bob prepared it himself/themselves/ourselves.
    8 They took in/off/out a loan to buy a car.
    2 How long will it ask/take/keep to get there? - About an hour.
    4 He wasn't supposed to know. You couldn't/shouldn't/wouldn't have told him.
    1 Most from/of/in them didn't know.
    7 Come out/on/at. Hurry up! We'll be late.
    10 I usually go in/in/by car, but we met in/at/on the bus.

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte členy, some nebo any, kde třeba.

    14 I had busy day at work. I'm going to bed.
    1 Is there place where we could have dinner?
    4 I bought new car. - What did you do with old one?
    7 I had accident when driving to work this morning.
    3 Can you lend me money? - I don't have money.
    6 Can you give me hand? - I don't have time for that.
    12 He's American who makes lot of money.
    10 USA and Canada are almost same size.
    11 A boy from US met girl from Europe.
    13 Take meat out of bag and put it in fridge.
    5 Have wine! - Thanks, I don't drink alcohol.
    9 Would you like more cake? - Yes. I haven't had yet.
    2 Are there other ways? I can't think of .
    8 I saw it on TV yesterday when I was watching news.

    Exercise 6

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    • Doplňte překlady vět.

    1 Chystám se k odchodu. I'm to leave.
    8 Pokud vím... As as I know ...
    7 Kolikrát jsi to už viděl? How many have you seen it?
    6 Kolik peněz tam je? How money is there?
    5 Doufám, že ne. I hope .
    2 Byli jsme okradeni. We were .
    11 To jídlo se může zkazit. The food may bad.
    10 Lepší by bylo počkat. It better to wait.
    4 Budete muset počkat. You'll wait.
    12 Počkám, až přijde. I'll wait him to come.
    3 Je mi to jedno. I don't (about it).
    14 Co tím myslíte? What do you by that?
    9 Neměl bys mu o tom říkat. You tell him.
    13 Bude to hotovo do pátku. It'll be finished Friday.

    Exercise 7

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    • Spojte související výroky.

    • 1 He had a house built ...
    • 2 I'll tell her about it ...
    • 3 I've been learning English ...
    • 4 I tried to call him ...
    • 5 We had to wait ...
    • 6 I'm really sorry about ...
    • 7 I had a car accident ...
    • 8 He was fined 500 dollars ...
    • e but he isn't answering the phone.
    • d but it wasn't my fault.
    • f which made him angry.
    • c but he sold it soon after.
    • a for about two years now.
    • g until they came back.
    • h although she shouldn't know.
    • b what happened to her.

    Exercise 8

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    3 He's a year younger, but he's a head longer/taller/higher than me.
    4 I'm trying! - I know but you must try stronger/harder/heavier!
    1 Are you looking forward to it? - Yes, I can't stay/afford/wait to see it.
    7 Don't give up. You must stay/keep/last trying.
    11 I came at/across/about an interesting article.
    6 I'm feeling unwell. I'll have to see/meet/reach a doctor.
    5 Are you hungry? - Not right/really/hardly. But I'm thirsty.
    8 I'm in a hurry. I must catch/reach/have the bus.
    13 We didn't meet on/at/by chance. We agreed to meet/meeting/met.
    12 I met her in/on/at the bus although I usually go on/in/by car.
    2 What's up, man? Long time no sea/see/say. How've you been?
    10 I sent it at/to/in his e-mail address at/on/by accident.
    9 There will be no meeting. It was called out/away/off.

    Předložka by také znamená kolem, vedle (o pohybu). Např.: A police car went by. - Kolem projelo policejní auto. Stop by je hovorově stavit se (za někým).

    Exercise 9

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    • Doplňte druhou větu tak, aby měla opačný význam.

    3 She needn't know about it. - She know about it.
    12 She calmed him down. - She made him .
    2 He's found a job. - He was .
    13 They helped me do it. - I did it .
    8 Don't bring him with you. - Feel to bring him with you.
    14 What time do you go to bed? - What time do you up?
    6 You can get there by car. - You have to there.
    7 The computer is still on. - The computer is .
    11 It's getting better. - It's getting .
    9 It cost at least 300. - It cost at 300.
    15 He does hardly any work. - He works really .
    1 I have to work tomorrow. - I'm taking a day tomorrow.
    5 You must take off your glasses. - You must put your glasses.
    10 I like both beer and wine. - I like beer wine.
    4 I threw it away. - I it.

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte správné tvary slovesa v nápovědě.

    9 I give it to him and I think he keep it.
    8 He have an accident and was take to hospital.
    1 Where be you last night?
    3 I've bring some wine.
    2 I haven't see you for ages!
    5 The house was sell for 20.000.
    7 They meet years ago and become friends.
    4 He's speak to her.
    10 He be here a moment ago and he leave a message for you.
    6 She was hit by a car.

    Slovo left znamená též zbylý. Užívá se hlavně ve spojení be left - zbýt, zbývat. Např.: There's nothing left. - Nic nezbylo., I don't have much money left. - Už mi nezbývá moc peněz. ap.

    Exercise 11

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    • Doplňte správnou předložku.

    9 Look these two. Is there any difference them?
    8 They spend all their money food and clothes.
    3 I'm too tired. I can't go .
    4 He'll be back ten minutes. You can wait him.
    11 Do you have it you? - No, I left it work.
    1 Only one 20 Americans don't have a car.
    6 Don't worry that. I'll take care it.
    2 I'll see you Monday 4 p.m.
    7 Who'll be looking the kids when she's gone?
    5 We'll meet Christmas Eve at 7 p.m. my place.
    12 Thank you so much. It's so nice you.
    10 What disease did he die ? It's not known.

    Američané často jako výraz díků říkají: I appreciate it. - Vážím si toho., Oceňuji to. (appreciate əˈpriːʃɪˌeɪt - oceňovat, vážit si)

    Exercise 12

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    • Utvořte otázky. Ptejte se na zvýrazněná slova.

    10 I've been learning English for a year.
    3 Nobody else knows about it.
    7 It cost me over 500 dollars.
    8 I haven't sent it yet.
    5 We'll spend the weekend at the seaside.
    2 I've been waiting for an hour.
    6 I've known her for 2 years.
    1 He left for work an hour ago.
    4 I told Bob and Jane about it.
    9 He drank five beers.

    Exercise 13

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    • Doplňte překlady vět pomocí trpného rodu.

    12 Našli ji o týden později. She a week later.
    1 Ukradli mu auto. His car .
    3 Mohli by ho vyhodit z práce. He could .
    9 Vzali ho na vysokou. He to college.
    5 Postavili 3 nové domy. Three new houses .
    10 Ví se o něm, že je bohatý. He to be rich.
    8 Článek napsala dívka. The article by a girl.
    11 Viděli ji, jak odchází. She leaving.
    2 Bude povýšena. She'll .
    4 Srazilo je nákladní auto. They by a truck.
    7 Toto slovo se často neužívá. This word often.
    6 Tato auta se vyrábí v Japonsku. These cars in Japan.

    I'm flattered. ˈflætəd nebo též I feel flattered. je česky Jsem polichocen.

    Exercise 14

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu tvary slovesa do nebo make.

    3 Stop fun of me!
    4 How did you at school? Were you a good student?
    2 I've a big mistake.
    5 I'm running late. I won't it in time.
    14 He it to her angry.
    6 We can't without their help.
    12 I only have 20 dollars. Will it ?
    13 This dress me look fat.
    1 Have you your homework?
    7 They a lot of damage when they broke in.
    11 He a lot of money last year.
    9 These photos me want to go on holiday.
    8 I need to a phone call.
    15 it sense to you?
    10 Please your best. It's very important.

    Exercise 15

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    • Doplňte odpovědi pomocí slovesa z otázky.

    4 When did they send it? - They it last night.
    8 Did you understand him? - I only a few words.
    10 Did you write down his name? - No, I his number.
    7 Did you buy any wine? - No, I only food.
    9 How did you feel when you found out? - I really bad.
    1 Where did you go on holiday? - We to the seaside.
    3 Did you get my message? - No, I no message.
    5 How long did you spend there? - We a week there.
    2 When did he lose his job? - He his job last year.
    6 How many times did you try it? - I it at least five times.

    Exercise 16

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    • Doplňte správnou předložku.

    2 We'll meet the airport.
    12 We'are all very sorry her death.
    1 Have you ever been the USA?
    8 She used to work a teacher.
    4 It's very hot. The temperature is 30 degrees.
    11 It's not for kids. You must be 18 years old to buy it.
    5 It's too hot inside. I'll wait the pub.
    10 It was a secret meeting. They met closed doors.
    9 It looks you are having a great time.
    3 I'm leaving Paris tomorrow.
    7 I'm tired listening to them. I'm leaving.
    6 I got it Christmas a friend of mine.

    Spojení feel sorry for se užívá, když někoho litujete, be sorry for hlavně při omluvě za svůj čin ap., ale be sorry about se užije o situaci či něčem, co nastalo. Např.: I felt sorry for him. - Bylo mi ho líto., I'm sorry for disturbing you. - Promiňte, že vás ruším. ALE I'm sorry about that. - To mě mrzí. Sorry se může vázat i s infinitivem. Např.: We're sorry to inform you ... - S politováním vám oznamujeme...

    Exercise 17

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    • Napište věty, které uslyšíte. Neužívejte stažené tvary. (Pište celými slovy.)

    2
    9
    3
    6
    4
    7
    10
    5
    8
    1

    Exercise 18

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    • Spojte výroky, které mají opačný význam.

    • 1 He's jobless.
    • 2 He made her angry.
    • 3 He's in good health.
    • 4 I'm enjoying it.
    • 5 He died there.
    • 6 I don't care about her.
    • 7 I have two siblings.
    • 8 I'm really hungry.
    • h He was born there.
    • c I've eaten.
    • e He's employed.
    • g I'm crazy about her.
    • f He calmed her down.
    • a He's seriously ill.
    • d I'm an only child.
    • b I'm tired of it.

    Exercise 19

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    • Doplňte větu posunutou do minulého času s užitím časové souslednosti.

    9 I don't know who did it. - I didn't know who it.
    4 I suppose you know that. - I supposed you that.
    1 I think she is there. - I thought she there.
    6 She says she'll help us. - She said she help us.
    2 I'm afraid they're lost. - I was afraid they lost.
    5 I hope you'll come. - I hoped you come.
    10 I know what he's going to do. - I knew what he going to do.
    7 I believe he forgot about it. - I believed he it.
    3 I'm sure they have it. - I was sure they it.
    8 He says he was there. - He said he there.

    Exercise 20

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    • Přeložte. Použijte nápovědu.

    5 Neviděl jsem ho už měsíce.
    for months
    9 Dám si ještě jedno pivo.
    more
    10 Zkus to ještě jednou.
    again; more
    8 Co ještě bych měl udělat?
    else
    6 Ještě jsem to nečetl.
    yet
    7 To bude ještě dražší.
    even
    4 Už odešli.
    already
    1 Díváme se právě na film.
    just
    2 Už jsi to poslal?
    yet
    3 Právě jsem to dodělal.
    just

    Exercise 21

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    • Doplňte překlady pomocí frázových sloves.

    14 (Dávej) pozor! Watch !
    5 Musím se přihlásit v hotelu. I must in at the hotel.
    6 Ceny domů vzrostly o... House prices up by ...
    4 Řekni mu, ať se uklidní. Tell him to down.
    3 Chtějí si užít (života). They want to it up.
    9 Vydržte chvilku. Hold a minute.
    8 Letadlo už odstartovalo. The plane has off.
    7 Mám pustit televizi? Shall I on the TV?
    10 Čti dál. on reading.
    1 Už jsem zjistil, kolik to stojí. I've out how much it costs.
    13 Vyrazíme brzy ráno. We'll out early.
    11 Můžeme to odložit? Can we it off?
    12 Došel mi benzín. I've out of petrol.
    2 Měl by nechat kouření. He should up smoking.

    Frázové sloveso go for má několik významů. Jeden z nejběžnějších je vybrat si nebo rozhodnout se pro. Např.: I'd go for this one. - Já bych si vybral tento. Ve významu platit pro... se užívá go for stejně jako sloveso apply to əˈplaɪˌtuː. Např.: That goes for you too., That applies to you too. - To platí i pro tebe. ap.

    Jaywalking ˈdʒeɪˌwɔːkɪŋ je neukázněné přecházení silnice. Termín jaywalker ˈdʒeɪˌwɔːkə je neukázněný chodec (přecházející na červenou, mimo přechod ap.).

    Exercise 23

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    • Vyberte správné slovo podle výkladu.

    11 When you've done something many times and you have no problem doing it, you are used to/addicted to/interested in it.
    6 When you get well again after being ill, you have tired/recovered/fainted.
    7 When someone takes your things away, you are broken/robbed/stolen.
    4 If you want to eat healthily, you should get/avoid/order junk food.
    8 When you give someone food, you say: Welcome/Cheers/Help yourself.
    5 To get a driving licence, you must first make/get/pass a driving test.
    3 When a meeting is to take place later, it is put out/away/off.
    10 The part of a street used for walking is called the jaywalk/sidewalk/walker.
    2 When you get divorced/married/bored you become a husband and wife.
    1 When two people are not a couple any more, they break up/down/in.
    9 An old person who doesn't work anymore is wrapped/retired/admitted.

    Obrat to hail a taxi znamená zastavit si taxi (mávnutím). Podobně se užívá fráze wave down a taxi (wave weɪv - mávnout, zamávat).

    Exercise 24

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    • Doplňte překlady.

    4 Mám (moc) rád italské jídlo. I'm of Italian food.
    12 Vyzvednu tě na letišti. I'll you up at the airport.
    13 Jeďte po této cestě. Go this road.
    7 Nejezdím po městě autem. I don't drive the city.
    2 Doufejme, že to vyjde. Let's hope it'll off.
    5 Nechám to na vás. I'll it up to you.
    11 Mám raději čaj než kávu. I tea to coffee.
    6 Zvykl jsem si na to. I used to it.
    9 Byla okradena dvěma muži. She by two men.
    10 Bude to stát spoustu peněz. It'll cost a of money.
    8 Odjíždím v pátek ráno. I'm leaving Friday morning.
    14 Ať neodchází! Don't him go!
    3 To zní zajímavě. That interesting.
    1 Zamilovala se do něho. She in love with him.

    Ať v rozkazu lze také někdy přeložit pomocí obratu make sure (that) (ujisti se/zajisti, že...) Např.: Make sure you don't lose it. - Ať to neztratíš., Make sure he doesn't break it. - Ať to nerozbije. ap.

    Exercise 25

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    • Přeložte. Použijte nápovědu.

    4 To je ale překvapení!
    surprise
    7 Nejsem z toho zrovna nadšený.
    crazy
    11 Platím já! (pití ap.)
    buy
    9 Změnil jsem názor.
    mind
    13 To nevadí.
    mind
    8 To by bylo skvělé!
    great
    5 Co takhle si dát pivo?
    pint
    14 To rád slyším.
    glad
    2 Dám vám vědět co nejdřív.
    as soon as
    10 Rádi bychom si objednali.
    order
    12 Neslyším vás.
    can
    3 Pokud vím, tak tady není.
    as far as
    1 Nevím, jak dlouho to potrvá.
    take
    6 Nechce se mi tam jít.
    feel like

    Pozor na slovo frekventovaný při překladu do angličtiny! Ve významu častý je to frequent. Chcete-li ale říct, že je něco často navštěvované nebo je zde velký provoz, užije se frequented frɪˈkwεntɪd. Např.: frequented road - frekventovaná silnice.

    Exercise 26

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    • Přeložte.

    3 Dlouho vás nezdržím.
    11 Musel jsem tam jít.
    9 Co ještě potřebujete?
    7 Nebudu moci přijít.
    15 Nikdy jsem v Londýně nebyl.
    1 Máte pravdu.
    13 Nechám to na vás.
    19 Všechno nejlepší k narozeninám!
    6 Postarám se o to.
    2 Mám zpoždění.
    4 Co se děje?
    14 Kdybych to měl, dal bych ti to.
    20 Hodně štěstí!
    5 Nevěděl jsem o tom.
    17 Jak dlouho už tady čekáte?
    10 Nemusíte platit.
    8 Nesmíš to nikomu říct.
    16 Bydlím tady už deset let.
    12 Ještě nepřišel.
    18 Učím se anglicky už dva roky.

    Sidewalk je americký termín. V Británii pro chodník užívají pavement ˈpeɪvmənt! V americké angličtině je ale pavement zpevněná vozovka (asfaltovaný povrch ap.).

    Připoutat se (v autě ap.) se hlavně v americké angličtině hovorově řekne buckle up ˈbʌkəlˌʌp. Např.: Buckle up! - Připoutej(te) se!

    Pozor! Slovo police se v angličtině chová jako podstatné jméno v množném čísle, tedy: The police are ..., The police have ... ap.! Např. The police are after him. - Jde po něm policie., Police say that ... - Policie říká, že...