Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Přeložte.

    9 What was I supposed to do?
    4 They differ in many ways.
    10 Can you give me a lift?
    1 How've you been?
    3 It's getting worse.
    13 Have we met (before)?
    17 I'm looking forward to that.
    16 I'll do it asap.
    2 I don't get it.
    8 He's to come too.
    6 It made him angry.
    15 Have you done it yet?
    18 I've been taking driving lessons.
    14 We had the house built.
    11 I'll do my best.
    5 He has no sense of humour.
    12 I'd love to, but I can't.
    7 He's known her for years.
    19 I was fined for speeding.

    Speeding spiːdɪŋ je překročení povolené rychlosti (speed - rychlost). Speeding ticket je pokuta za rychlost. Např.: He got a speeding ticket. - Dostal pokutu za rychlost.

    Exercise 2

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    • Poslechněte si nahrávku a určete, zda je tvrzení pravdivé (true), nebo nepravdivé (false).

    1 Bob was fined 400 dollars for driving too fast.
    2 John had an accident, but it wasn't his fault.
    4 Americans mostly buy cars made in the US.
    3 They usually don't leave a tip in British pubs.
    5 New Yorkers are known to walk a lot around the city.
    8 The number of yellow cabs in New York is about 13.5 thousand.
    6 Both the British and Americans like to use trains.
    7 Some 5 million people travel on the tube every day in London.

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte odpovídající výroky.

    • 1 I'll keep it on.
    • 2 I won't keep you long.
    • 3 He broke up with her.
    • 4 I'll find out.
    • 5 He made it up.
    • 6 I'll catch up with you.
    • 7 He's missing her.
    • 8 He was fired.
    • d Rozešel se s ní.
    • c Dostal vyhazov.
    • g Nezdržím tě dlouho.
    • e Nechám si to na sobě.
    • a Chybí mu.
    • g Zjistím to.
    • f Vymyslel si to.
    • b Doženu vás.

    Exercise 4

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    3 Jane and Bob prepared it himself/themselves/ourselves.
    10 I usually go in/in/by car, but we met in/at/on the bus.
    4 He wasn't supposed to know. You couldn't/shouldn't/wouldn't have told him.
    1 Most from/of/in them didn't know.
    2 How long will it ask/take/keep to get there? - About an hour.
    6 Could you take/get/pick me up at the airport tomorrow?
    8 They took in/off/out a loan to buy a car.
    7 Come out/on/at. Hurry up! We'll be late.
    5 Did you get my e-mail? - Yes, but I haven't red/read/readed it yet.
    9 I'm sorry of/at/about that. I did it by/on/of mistake.

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte členy, some nebo any, kde třeba.

    9 Would you like more cake? - Yes. I haven't had yet.
    3 Can you lend me money? - I don't have money.
    1 Is there place where we could have dinner?
    13 Take meat out of bag and put it in fridge.
    6 Can you give me hand? - I don't have time for that.
    12 He's American who makes lot of money.
    4 I bought new car. - What did you do with old one?
    7 I had accident when driving to work this morning.
    5 Have wine! - Thanks, I don't drink alcohol.
    2 Are there other ways? I can't think of .
    11 A boy from US met girl from Europe.
    10 USA and Canada are almost same size.
    8 I saw it on TV yesterday when I was watching news.
    14 I had busy day at work. I'm going to bed.

    Exercise 6

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    • Doplňte překlady vět.

    12 Počkám, až přijde. I'll wait him to come.
    8 Pokud vím... As as I know ...
    4 Budete muset počkat. You'll wait.
    11 To jídlo se může zkazit. The food may bad.
    6 Kolik peněz tam je? How money is there?
    9 Neměl bys mu o tom říkat. You tell him.
    5 Doufám, že ne. I hope .
    13 Bude to hotovo do pátku. It'll be finished Friday.
    2 Byli jsme okradeni. We were .
    7 Kolikrát jsi to už viděl? How many have you seen it?
    14 Co tím myslíte? What do you by that?
    10 Lepší by bylo počkat. It better to wait.
    1 Chystám se k odchodu. I'm to leave.
    3 Je mi to jedno. I don't (about it).

    Exercise 7

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    • Spojte související výroky.

    • 1 He had a house built ...
    • 2 I'll tell her about it ...
    • 3 I've been learning English ...
    • 4 I tried to call him ...
    • 5 We had to wait ...
    • 6 I'm really sorry about ...
    • 7 I had a car accident ...
    • 8 He was fined 500 dollars ...
    • g until they came back.
    • e but he isn't answering the phone.
    • h although she shouldn't know.
    • a for about two years now.
    • c but he sold it soon after.
    • b what happened to her.
    • f which made him angry.
    • d but it wasn't my fault.

    Exercise 8

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    3 He's a year younger, but he's a head longer/taller/higher than me.
    4 I'm trying! - I know but you must try stronger/harder/heavier!
    10 I sent it at/to/in his e-mail address at/on/by accident.
    11 I came at/across/about an interesting article.
    9 There will be no meeting. It was called out/away/off.
    7 Don't give up. You must stay/keep/last trying.
    6 I'm feeling unwell. I'll have to see/meet/reach a doctor.
    8 I'm in a hurry. I must catch/reach/have the bus.
    2 What's up, man? Long time no sea/see/say. How've you been?
    1 Are you looking forward to it? - Yes, I can't stay/afford/wait to see it.
    5 Are you hungry? - Not right/really/hardly. But I'm thirsty.
    12 I met her in/on/at the bus although I usually go on/in/by car.
    13 We didn't meet on/at/by chance. We agreed to meet/meeting/met.

    Předložka by také znamená kolem, vedle (o pohybu). Např.: A police car went by. - Kolem projelo policejní auto. Stop by je hovorově stavit se (za někým).

    Exercise 9

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    • Doplňte druhou větu tak, aby měla opačný význam.

    9 It cost at least 300. - It cost at 300.
    1 I have to work tomorrow. - I'm taking a day tomorrow.
    10 I like both beer and wine. - I like beer wine.
    13 They helped me do it. - I did it .
    15 He does hardly any work. - He works really .
    12 She calmed him down. - She made him .
    7 The computer is still on. - The computer is .
    2 He's found a job. - He was .
    8 Don't bring him with you. - Feel to bring him with you.
    6 You can get there by car. - You have to there.
    11 It's getting better. - It's getting .
    3 She needn't know about it. - She know about it.
    4 I threw it away. - I it.
    5 You must take off your glasses. - You must put your glasses.
    14 What time do you go to bed? - What time do you up?

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte správné tvary slovesa v nápovědě.

    9 I give it to him and I think he keep it.
    10 He be here a moment ago and he leave a message for you.
    7 They meet years ago and become friends.
    4 He's speak to her.
    5 The house was sell for 20.000.
    2 I haven't see you for ages!
    6 She was hit by a car.
    1 Where be you last night?
    8 He have an accident and was take to hospital.
    3 I've bring some wine.

    Slovo left znamená též zbylý. Užívá se hlavně ve spojení be left - zbýt, zbývat. Např.: There's nothing left. - Nic nezbylo., I don't have much money left. - Už mi nezbývá moc peněz. ap.

    Exercise 11

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    • Doplňte správnou předložku.

    5 We'll meet Christmas Eve at 7 p.m. my place.
    3 I'm too tired. I can't go .
    12 Thank you so much. It's so nice you.
    4 He'll be back ten minutes. You can wait him.
    2 I'll see you Monday 4 p.m.
    9 Look these two. Is there any difference them?
    6 Don't worry that. I'll take care it.
    8 They spend all their money food and clothes.
    1 Only one 20 Americans don't have a car.
    11 Do you have it you? - No, I left it work.
    10 What disease did he die ? It's not known.
    7 Who'll be looking the kids when she's gone?

    Američané často jako výraz díků říkají: I appreciate it. - Vážím si toho., Oceňuji to. (appreciate əˈpriːʃɪˌeɪt - oceňovat, vážit si)

    Exercise 12

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    • Utvořte otázky. Ptejte se na zvýrazněná slova.

    3 Nobody else knows about it.
    8 I haven't sent it yet.
    7 It cost me over 500 dollars.
    10 I've been learning English for a year.
    6 I've known her for 2 years.
    5 We'll spend the weekend at the seaside.
    1 He left for work an hour ago.
    4 I told Bob and Jane about it.
    2 I've been waiting for an hour.
    9 He drank five beers.

    Exercise 13

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    • Doplňte překlady vět pomocí trpného rodu.

    7 Toto slovo se často neužívá. This word often.
    12 Našli ji o týden později. She a week later.
    8 Článek napsala dívka. The article by a girl.
    3 Mohli by ho vyhodit z práce. He could .
    5 Postavili 3 nové domy. Three new houses .
    2 Bude povýšena. She'll .
    10 Ví se o něm, že je bohatý. He to be rich.
    4 Srazilo je nákladní auto. They by a truck.
    6 Tato auta se vyrábí v Japonsku. These cars in Japan.
    11 Viděli ji, jak odchází. She leaving.
    9 Vzali ho na vysokou. He to college.
    1 Ukradli mu auto. His car .

    I'm flattered. ˈflætəd nebo též I feel flattered. je česky Jsem polichocen.

    Exercise 14

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu tvary slovesa do nebo make.

    1 Have you your homework?
    9 These photos me want to go on holiday.
    5 I'm running late. I won't it in time.
    7 They a lot of damage when they broke in.
    8 I need to a phone call.
    15 it sense to you?
    6 We can't without their help.
    13 This dress me look fat.
    2 I've a big mistake.
    10 Please your best. It's very important.
    12 I only have 20 dollars. Will it ?
    4 How did you at school? Were you a good student?
    14 He it to her angry.
    3 Stop fun of me!
    11 He a lot of money last year.

    Exercise 15

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    • Doplňte odpovědi pomocí slovesa z otázky.

    3 Did you get my message? - No, I no message.
    5 How long did you spend there? - We a week there.
    6 How many times did you try it? - I it at least five times.
    9 How did you feel when you found out? - I really bad.
    4 When did they send it? - They it last night.
    7 Did you buy any wine? - No, I only food.
    10 Did you write down his name? - No, I his number.
    8 Did you understand him? - I only a few words.
    1 Where did you go on holiday? - We to the seaside.
    2 When did he lose his job? - He his job last year.

    Exercise 16

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    • Doplňte správnou předložku.

    5 It's too hot inside. I'll wait the pub.
    11 It's not for kids. You must be 18 years old to buy it.
    6 I got it Christmas a friend of mine.
    12 We'are all very sorry her death.
    10 It was a secret meeting. They met closed doors.
    4 It's very hot. The temperature is 30 degrees.
    9 It looks you are having a great time.
    3 I'm leaving Paris tomorrow.
    8 She used to work a teacher.
    7 I'm tired listening to them. I'm leaving.
    2 We'll meet the airport.
    1 Have you ever been the USA?

    Spojení feel sorry for se užívá, když někoho litujete, be sorry for hlavně při omluvě za svůj čin ap., ale be sorry about se užije o situaci či něčem, co nastalo. Např.: I felt sorry for him. - Bylo mi ho líto., I'm sorry for disturbing you. - Promiňte, že vás ruším. ALE I'm sorry about that. - To mě mrzí. Sorry se může vázat i s infinitivem. Např.: We're sorry to inform you ... - S politováním vám oznamujeme...

    Exercise 17

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    • Napište věty, které uslyšíte. Neužívejte stažené tvary. (Pište celými slovy.)

    7
    8
    1
    10
    6
    3
    2
    5
    4
    9

    Exercise 18

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    • Spojte výroky, které mají opačný význam.

    • 1 He's jobless.
    • 2 He made her angry.
    • 3 He's in good health.
    • 4 I'm enjoying it.
    • 5 He died there.
    • 6 I don't care about her.
    • 7 I have two siblings.
    • 8 I'm really hungry.
    • g I'm crazy about her.
    • a He's seriously ill.
    • h He was born there.
    • d I'm an only child.
    • b I'm tired of it.
    • c I've eaten.
    • f He calmed her down.
    • e He's employed.

    Exercise 19

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    • Doplňte větu posunutou do minulého času s užitím časové souslednosti.

    3 I'm sure they have it. - I was sure they it.
    10 I know what he's going to do. - I knew what he going to do.
    1 I think she is there. - I thought she there.
    8 He says he was there. - He said he there.
    6 She says she'll help us. - She said she help us.
    9 I don't know who did it. - I didn't know who it.
    4 I suppose you know that. - I supposed you that.
    7 I believe he forgot about it. - I believed he it.
    5 I hope you'll come. - I hoped you come.
    2 I'm afraid they're lost. - I was afraid they lost.

    Exercise 20

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    • Přeložte. Použijte nápovědu.

    9 Dám si ještě jedno pivo.
    more
    7 To bude ještě dražší.
    even
    2 Už jsi to poslal?
    yet
    8 Co ještě bych měl udělat?
    else
    10 Zkus to ještě jednou.
    again; more
    4 Už odešli.
    already
    3 Právě jsem to dodělal.
    just
    1 Díváme se právě na film.
    just
    6 Ještě jsem to nečetl.
    yet
    5 Neviděl jsem ho už měsíce.
    for months

    Exercise 21

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    • Doplňte překlady pomocí frázových sloves.

    8 Letadlo už odstartovalo. The plane has off.
    6 Ceny domů vzrostly o... House prices up by ...
    11 Můžeme to odložit? Can we it off?
    12 Došel mi benzín. I've out of petrol.
    5 Musím se přihlásit v hotelu. I must in at the hotel.
    3 Chtějí si užít (života). They want to it up.
    2 Měl by nechat kouření. He should up smoking.
    10 Čti dál. on reading.
    14 (Dávej) pozor! Watch !
    13 Vyrazíme brzy ráno. We'll out early.
    4 Řekni mu, ať se uklidní. Tell him to down.
    9 Vydržte chvilku. Hold a minute.
    1 Už jsem zjistil, kolik to stojí. I've out how much it costs.
    7 Mám pustit televizi? Shall I on the TV?

    Frázové sloveso go for má několik významů. Jeden z nejběžnějších je vybrat si nebo rozhodnout se pro. Např.: I'd go for this one. - Já bych si vybral tento. Ve významu platit pro... se užívá go for stejně jako sloveso apply to əˈplaɪˌtuː. Např.: That goes for you too., That applies to you too. - To platí i pro tebe. ap.

    Jaywalking ˈdʒeɪˌwɔːkɪŋ je neukázněné přecházení silnice. Termín jaywalker ˈdʒeɪˌwɔːkə je neukázněný chodec (přecházející na červenou, mimo přechod ap.).

    Exercise 23

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    • Vyberte správné slovo podle výkladu.

    8 When you give someone food, you say: Welcome/Cheers/Help yourself.
    7 When someone takes your things away, you are broken/robbed/stolen.
    1 When two people are not a couple any more, they break up/down/in.
    6 When you get well again after being ill, you have tired/recovered/fainted.
    10 The part of a street used for walking is called the jaywalk/sidewalk/walker.
    2 When you get divorced/married/bored you become a husband and wife.
    5 To get a driving licence, you must first make/get/pass a driving test.
    9 An old person who doesn't work anymore is wrapped/retired/admitted.
    11 When you've done something many times and you have no problem doing it, you are used to/addicted to/interested in it.
    3 When a meeting is to take place later, it is put out/away/off.
    4 If you want to eat healthily, you should get/avoid/order junk food.

    Obrat to hail a taxi znamená zastavit si taxi (mávnutím). Podobně se užívá fráze wave down a taxi (wave weɪv - mávnout, zamávat).

    Exercise 24

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    • Doplňte překlady.

    9 Byla okradena dvěma muži. She by two men.
    8 Odjíždím v pátek ráno. I'm leaving Friday morning.
    10 Bude to stát spoustu peněz. It'll cost a of money.
    11 Mám raději čaj než kávu. I tea to coffee.
    5 Nechám to na vás. I'll it up to you.
    14 Ať neodchází! Don't him go!
    12 Vyzvednu tě na letišti. I'll you up at the airport.
    2 Doufejme, že to vyjde. Let's hope it'll off.
    13 Jeďte po této cestě. Go this road.
    4 Mám (moc) rád italské jídlo. I'm of Italian food.
    7 Nejezdím po městě autem. I don't drive the city.
    6 Zvykl jsem si na to. I used to it.
    3 To zní zajímavě. That interesting.
    1 Zamilovala se do něho. She in love with him.

    Ať v rozkazu lze také někdy přeložit pomocí obratu make sure (that) (ujisti se/zajisti, že...) Např.: Make sure you don't lose it. - Ať to neztratíš., Make sure he doesn't break it. - Ať to nerozbije. ap.

    Exercise 25

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    • Přeložte. Použijte nápovědu.

    3 Pokud vím, tak tady není.
    as far as
    4 To je ale překvapení!
    surprise
    9 Změnil jsem názor.
    mind
    2 Dám vám vědět co nejdřív.
    as soon as
    11 Platím já! (pití ap.)
    buy
    12 Neslyším vás.
    can
    5 Co takhle si dát pivo?
    pint
    7 Nejsem z toho zrovna nadšený.
    crazy
    8 To by bylo skvělé!
    great
    10 Rádi bychom si objednali.
    order
    13 To nevadí.
    mind
    1 Nevím, jak dlouho to potrvá.
    take
    14 To rád slyším.
    glad
    6 Nechce se mi tam jít.
    feel like

    Pozor na slovo frekventovaný při překladu do angličtiny! Ve významu častý je to frequent. Chcete-li ale říct, že je něco často navštěvované nebo je zde velký provoz, užije se frequented frɪˈkwεntɪd. Např.: frequented road - frekventovaná silnice.

    Exercise 26

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    • Přeložte.

    20 Hodně štěstí!
    12 Ještě nepřišel.
    19 Všechno nejlepší k narozeninám!
    3 Dlouho vás nezdržím.
    14 Kdybych to měl, dal bych ti to.
    10 Nemusíte platit.
    6 Postarám se o to.
    13 Nechám to na vás.
    15 Nikdy jsem v Londýně nebyl.
    5 Nevěděl jsem o tom.
    1 Máte pravdu.
    17 Jak dlouho už tady čekáte?
    2 Mám zpoždění.
    7 Nebudu moci přijít.
    8 Nesmíš to nikomu říct.
    18 Učím se anglicky už dva roky.
    11 Musel jsem tam jít.
    4 Co se děje?
    9 Co ještě potřebujete?
    16 Bydlím tady už deset let.

    Sidewalk je americký termín. V Británii pro chodník užívají pavement ˈpeɪvmənt! V americké angličtině je ale pavement zpevněná vozovka (asfaltovaný povrch ap.).

    Připoutat se (v autě ap.) se hlavně v americké angličtině hovorově řekne buckle up ˈbʌkəlˌʌp. Např.: Buckle up! - Připoutej(te) se!

    Pozor! Slovo police se v angličtině chová jako podstatné jméno v množném čísle, tedy: The police are ..., The police have ... ap.! Např. The police are after him. - Jde po něm policie., Police say that ... - Policie říká, že...