Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Přeložte.

    4 They differ in many ways.
    8 He's to come too.
    17 I'm looking forward to that.
    12 I'd love to, but I can't.
    6 It made him angry.
    13 Have we met (before)?
    10 Can you give me a lift?
    9 What was I supposed to do?
    18 I've been taking driving lessons.
    16 I'll do it asap.
    11 I'll do my best.
    14 We had the house built.
    15 Have you done it yet?
    3 It's getting worse.
    7 He's known her for years.
    19 I was fined for speeding.
    5 He has no sense of humour.
    2 I don't get it.
    1 How've you been?

    Speeding spiːdɪŋ je překročení povolené rychlosti (speed - rychlost). Speeding ticket je pokuta za rychlost. Např.: He got a speeding ticket. - Dostal pokutu za rychlost.

    Exercise 2

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    • Poslechněte si nahrávku a určete, zda je tvrzení pravdivé (true), nebo nepravdivé (false).

    7 Some 5 million people travel on the tube every day in London.
    8 The number of yellow cabs in New York is about 13.5 thousand.
    5 New Yorkers are known to walk a lot around the city.
    2 John had an accident, but it wasn't his fault.
    3 They usually don't leave a tip in British pubs.
    6 Both the British and Americans like to use trains.
    1 Bob was fined 400 dollars for driving too fast.
    4 Americans mostly buy cars made in the US.

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte odpovídající výroky.

    • 1 I'll keep it on.
    • 2 I won't keep you long.
    • 3 He broke up with her.
    • 4 I'll find out.
    • 5 He made it up.
    • 6 I'll catch up with you.
    • 7 He's missing her.
    • 8 He was fired.
    • d Rozešel se s ní.
    • f Vymyslel si to.
    • e Nechám si to na sobě.
    • b Doženu vás.
    • g Zjistím to.
    • g Nezdržím tě dlouho.
    • a Chybí mu.
    • c Dostal vyhazov.

    Exercise 4

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    3 Jane and Bob prepared it himself/themselves/ourselves.
    4 He wasn't supposed to know. You couldn't/shouldn't/wouldn't have told him.
    8 They took in/off/out a loan to buy a car.
    10 I usually go in/in/by car, but we met in/at/on the bus.
    6 Could you take/get/pick me up at the airport tomorrow?
    7 Come out/on/at. Hurry up! We'll be late.
    1 Most from/of/in them didn't know.
    9 I'm sorry of/at/about that. I did it by/on/of mistake.
    2 How long will it ask/take/keep to get there? - About an hour.
    5 Did you get my e-mail? - Yes, but I haven't red/read/readed it yet.

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte členy, some nebo any, kde třeba.

    2 Are there other ways? I can't think of .
    9 Would you like more cake? - Yes. I haven't had yet.
    11 A boy from US met girl from Europe.
    12 He's American who makes lot of money.
    14 I had busy day at work. I'm going to bed.
    7 I had accident when driving to work this morning.
    3 Can you lend me money? - I don't have money.
    10 USA and Canada are almost same size.
    5 Have wine! - Thanks, I don't drink alcohol.
    1 Is there place where we could have dinner?
    4 I bought new car. - What did you do with old one?
    13 Take meat out of bag and put it in fridge.
    6 Can you give me hand? - I don't have time for that.
    8 I saw it on TV yesterday when I was watching news.

    Exercise 6

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    • Doplňte překlady vět.

    9 Neměl bys mu o tom říkat. You tell him.
    10 Lepší by bylo počkat. It better to wait.
    4 Budete muset počkat. You'll wait.
    3 Je mi to jedno. I don't (about it).
    13 Bude to hotovo do pátku. It'll be finished Friday.
    5 Doufám, že ne. I hope .
    7 Kolikrát jsi to už viděl? How many have you seen it?
    8 Pokud vím... As as I know ...
    12 Počkám, až přijde. I'll wait him to come.
    11 To jídlo se může zkazit. The food may bad.
    6 Kolik peněz tam je? How money is there?
    1 Chystám se k odchodu. I'm to leave.
    14 Co tím myslíte? What do you by that?
    2 Byli jsme okradeni. We were .

    Exercise 7

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    • Spojte související výroky.

    • 1 He had a house built ...
    • 2 I'll tell her about it ...
    • 3 I've been learning English ...
    • 4 I tried to call him ...
    • 5 We had to wait ...
    • 6 I'm really sorry about ...
    • 7 I had a car accident ...
    • 8 He was fined 500 dollars ...
    • b what happened to her.
    • d but it wasn't my fault.
    • h although she shouldn't know.
    • g until they came back.
    • e but he isn't answering the phone.
    • c but he sold it soon after.
    • a for about two years now.
    • f which made him angry.

    Exercise 8

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    12 I met her in/on/at the bus although I usually go on/in/by car.
    4 I'm trying! - I know but you must try stronger/harder/heavier!
    7 Don't give up. You must stay/keep/last trying.
    8 I'm in a hurry. I must catch/reach/have the bus.
    1 Are you looking forward to it? - Yes, I can't stay/afford/wait to see it.
    2 What's up, man? Long time no sea/see/say. How've you been?
    9 There will be no meeting. It was called out/away/off.
    5 Are you hungry? - Not right/really/hardly. But I'm thirsty.
    11 I came at/across/about an interesting article.
    3 He's a year younger, but he's a head longer/taller/higher than me.
    10 I sent it at/to/in his e-mail address at/on/by accident.
    13 We didn't meet on/at/by chance. We agreed to meet/meeting/met.
    6 I'm feeling unwell. I'll have to see/meet/reach a doctor.

    Předložka by také znamená kolem, vedle (o pohybu). Např.: A police car went by. - Kolem projelo policejní auto. Stop by je hovorově stavit se (za někým).

    Exercise 9

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    • Doplňte druhou větu tak, aby měla opačný význam.

    11 It's getting better. - It's getting .
    8 Don't bring him with you. - Feel to bring him with you.
    15 He does hardly any work. - He works really .
    14 What time do you go to bed? - What time do you up?
    12 She calmed him down. - She made him .
    10 I like both beer and wine. - I like beer wine.
    13 They helped me do it. - I did it .
    9 It cost at least 300. - It cost at 300.
    4 I threw it away. - I it.
    7 The computer is still on. - The computer is .
    2 He's found a job. - He was .
    3 She needn't know about it. - She know about it.
    5 You must take off your glasses. - You must put your glasses.
    1 I have to work tomorrow. - I'm taking a day tomorrow.
    6 You can get there by car. - You have to there.

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte správné tvary slovesa v nápovědě.

    3 I've bring some wine.
    7 They meet years ago and become friends.
    1 Where be you last night?
    8 He have an accident and was take to hospital.
    5 The house was sell for 20.000.
    10 He be here a moment ago and he leave a message for you.
    4 He's speak to her.
    2 I haven't see you for ages!
    6 She was hit by a car.
    9 I give it to him and I think he keep it.

    Slovo left znamená též zbylý. Užívá se hlavně ve spojení be left - zbýt, zbývat. Např.: There's nothing left. - Nic nezbylo., I don't have much money left. - Už mi nezbývá moc peněz. ap.

    Exercise 11

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    • Doplňte správnou předložku.

    4 He'll be back ten minutes. You can wait him.
    6 Don't worry that. I'll take care it.
    7 Who'll be looking the kids when she's gone?
    9 Look these two. Is there any difference them?
    10 What disease did he die ? It's not known.
    8 They spend all their money food and clothes.
    3 I'm too tired. I can't go .
    11 Do you have it you? - No, I left it work.
    5 We'll meet Christmas Eve at 7 p.m. my place.
    2 I'll see you Monday 4 p.m.
    1 Only one 20 Americans don't have a car.
    12 Thank you so much. It's so nice you.

    Američané často jako výraz díků říkají: I appreciate it. - Vážím si toho., Oceňuji to. (appreciate əˈpriːʃɪˌeɪt - oceňovat, vážit si)

    Exercise 12

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    • Utvořte otázky. Ptejte se na zvýrazněná slova.

    3 Nobody else knows about it.
    1 He left for work an hour ago.
    10 I've been learning English for a year.
    8 I haven't sent it yet.
    5 We'll spend the weekend at the seaside.
    9 He drank five beers.
    4 I told Bob and Jane about it.
    7 It cost me over 500 dollars.
    2 I've been waiting for an hour.
    6 I've known her for 2 years.

    Exercise 13

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    • Doplňte překlady vět pomocí trpného rodu.

    9 Vzali ho na vysokou. He to college.
    11 Viděli ji, jak odchází. She leaving.
    7 Toto slovo se často neužívá. This word often.
    10 Ví se o něm, že je bohatý. He to be rich.
    8 Článek napsala dívka. The article by a girl.
    4 Srazilo je nákladní auto. They by a truck.
    2 Bude povýšena. She'll .
    3 Mohli by ho vyhodit z práce. He could .
    5 Postavili 3 nové domy. Three new houses .
    12 Našli ji o týden později. She a week later.
    6 Tato auta se vyrábí v Japonsku. These cars in Japan.
    1 Ukradli mu auto. His car .

    I'm flattered. ˈflætəd nebo též I feel flattered. je česky Jsem polichocen.

    Exercise 14

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu tvary slovesa do nebo make.

    7 They a lot of damage when they broke in.
    14 He it to her angry.
    15 it sense to you?
    11 He a lot of money last year.
    4 How did you at school? Were you a good student?
    5 I'm running late. I won't it in time.
    8 I need to a phone call.
    3 Stop fun of me!
    2 I've a big mistake.
    9 These photos me want to go on holiday.
    6 We can't without their help.
    1 Have you your homework?
    10 Please your best. It's very important.
    12 I only have 20 dollars. Will it ?
    13 This dress me look fat.

    Exercise 15

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    • Doplňte odpovědi pomocí slovesa z otázky.

    7 Did you buy any wine? - No, I only food.
    3 Did you get my message? - No, I no message.
    2 When did he lose his job? - He his job last year.
    4 When did they send it? - They it last night.
    6 How many times did you try it? - I it at least five times.
    9 How did you feel when you found out? - I really bad.
    1 Where did you go on holiday? - We to the seaside.
    8 Did you understand him? - I only a few words.
    10 Did you write down his name? - No, I his number.
    5 How long did you spend there? - We a week there.

    Exercise 16

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    • Doplňte správnou předložku.

    12 We'are all very sorry her death.
    2 We'll meet the airport.
    1 Have you ever been the USA?
    3 I'm leaving Paris tomorrow.
    9 It looks you are having a great time.
    6 I got it Christmas a friend of mine.
    5 It's too hot inside. I'll wait the pub.
    7 I'm tired listening to them. I'm leaving.
    10 It was a secret meeting. They met closed doors.
    8 She used to work a teacher.
    4 It's very hot. The temperature is 30 degrees.
    11 It's not for kids. You must be 18 years old to buy it.

    Spojení feel sorry for se užívá, když někoho litujete, be sorry for hlavně při omluvě za svůj čin ap., ale be sorry about se užije o situaci či něčem, co nastalo. Např.: I felt sorry for him. - Bylo mi ho líto., I'm sorry for disturbing you. - Promiňte, že vás ruším. ALE I'm sorry about that. - To mě mrzí. Sorry se může vázat i s infinitivem. Např.: We're sorry to inform you ... - S politováním vám oznamujeme...

    Exercise 17

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    • Napište věty, které uslyšíte. Neužívejte stažené tvary. (Pište celými slovy.)

    7
    10
    4
    2
    5
    6
    3
    9
    8
    1

    Exercise 18

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    • Spojte výroky, které mají opačný význam.

    • 1 He's jobless.
    • 2 He made her angry.
    • 3 He's in good health.
    • 4 I'm enjoying it.
    • 5 He died there.
    • 6 I don't care about her.
    • 7 I have two siblings.
    • 8 I'm really hungry.
    • d I'm an only child.
    • b I'm tired of it.
    • e He's employed.
    • a He's seriously ill.
    • c I've eaten.
    • h He was born there.
    • f He calmed her down.
    • g I'm crazy about her.

    Exercise 19

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    • Doplňte větu posunutou do minulého času s užitím časové souslednosti.

    1 I think she is there. - I thought she there.
    10 I know what he's going to do. - I knew what he going to do.
    2 I'm afraid they're lost. - I was afraid they lost.
    4 I suppose you know that. - I supposed you that.
    5 I hope you'll come. - I hoped you come.
    7 I believe he forgot about it. - I believed he it.
    6 She says she'll help us. - She said she help us.
    8 He says he was there. - He said he there.
    9 I don't know who did it. - I didn't know who it.
    3 I'm sure they have it. - I was sure they it.

    Exercise 20

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    • Přeložte. Použijte nápovědu.

    2 Už jsi to poslal?
    yet
    1 Díváme se právě na film.
    just
    8 Co ještě bych měl udělat?
    else
    9 Dám si ještě jedno pivo.
    more
    3 Právě jsem to dodělal.
    just
    7 To bude ještě dražší.
    even
    10 Zkus to ještě jednou.
    again; more
    6 Ještě jsem to nečetl.
    yet
    5 Neviděl jsem ho už měsíce.
    for months
    4 Už odešli.
    already

    Exercise 21

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    • Doplňte překlady pomocí frázových sloves.

    10 Čti dál. on reading.
    6 Ceny domů vzrostly o... House prices up by ...
    12 Došel mi benzín. I've out of petrol.
    4 Řekni mu, ať se uklidní. Tell him to down.
    7 Mám pustit televizi? Shall I on the TV?
    3 Chtějí si užít (života). They want to it up.
    9 Vydržte chvilku. Hold a minute.
    13 Vyrazíme brzy ráno. We'll out early.
    2 Měl by nechat kouření. He should up smoking.
    14 (Dávej) pozor! Watch !
    8 Letadlo už odstartovalo. The plane has off.
    11 Můžeme to odložit? Can we it off?
    1 Už jsem zjistil, kolik to stojí. I've out how much it costs.
    5 Musím se přihlásit v hotelu. I must in at the hotel.

    Frázové sloveso go for má několik významů. Jeden z nejběžnějších je vybrat si nebo rozhodnout se pro. Např.: I'd go for this one. - Já bych si vybral tento. Ve významu platit pro... se užívá go for stejně jako sloveso apply to əˈplaɪˌtuː. Např.: That goes for you too., That applies to you too. - To platí i pro tebe. ap.

    Jaywalking ˈdʒeɪˌwɔːkɪŋ je neukázněné přecházení silnice. Termín jaywalker ˈdʒeɪˌwɔːkə je neukázněný chodec (přecházející na červenou, mimo přechod ap.).

    Exercise 23

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    • Vyberte správné slovo podle výkladu.

    9 An old person who doesn't work anymore is wrapped/retired/admitted.
    10 The part of a street used for walking is called the jaywalk/sidewalk/walker.
    5 To get a driving licence, you must first make/get/pass a driving test.
    11 When you've done something many times and you have no problem doing it, you are used to/addicted to/interested in it.
    2 When you get divorced/married/bored you become a husband and wife.
    8 When you give someone food, you say: Welcome/Cheers/Help yourself.
    6 When you get well again after being ill, you have tired/recovered/fainted.
    1 When two people are not a couple any more, they break up/down/in.
    3 When a meeting is to take place later, it is put out/away/off.
    7 When someone takes your things away, you are broken/robbed/stolen.
    4 If you want to eat healthily, you should get/avoid/order junk food.

    Obrat to hail a taxi znamená zastavit si taxi (mávnutím). Podobně se užívá fráze wave down a taxi (wave weɪv - mávnout, zamávat).

    Exercise 24

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    • Doplňte překlady.

    3 To zní zajímavě. That interesting.
    12 Vyzvednu tě na letišti. I'll you up at the airport.
    7 Nejezdím po městě autem. I don't drive the city.
    13 Jeďte po této cestě. Go this road.
    2 Doufejme, že to vyjde. Let's hope it'll off.
    8 Odjíždím v pátek ráno. I'm leaving Friday morning.
    4 Mám (moc) rád italské jídlo. I'm of Italian food.
    6 Zvykl jsem si na to. I used to it.
    9 Byla okradena dvěma muži. She by two men.
    14 Ať neodchází! Don't him go!
    10 Bude to stát spoustu peněz. It'll cost a of money.
    5 Nechám to na vás. I'll it up to you.
    11 Mám raději čaj než kávu. I tea to coffee.
    1 Zamilovala se do něho. She in love with him.

    Ať v rozkazu lze také někdy přeložit pomocí obratu make sure (that) (ujisti se/zajisti, že...) Např.: Make sure you don't lose it. - Ať to neztratíš., Make sure he doesn't break it. - Ať to nerozbije. ap.

    Exercise 25

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    • Přeložte. Použijte nápovědu.

    4 To je ale překvapení!
    surprise
    8 To by bylo skvělé!
    great
    9 Změnil jsem názor.
    mind
    10 Rádi bychom si objednali.
    order
    2 Dám vám vědět co nejdřív.
    as soon as
    13 To nevadí.
    mind
    5 Co takhle si dát pivo?
    pint
    14 To rád slyším.
    glad
    11 Platím já! (pití ap.)
    buy
    6 Nechce se mi tam jít.
    feel like
    12 Neslyším vás.
    can
    7 Nejsem z toho zrovna nadšený.
    crazy
    1 Nevím, jak dlouho to potrvá.
    take
    3 Pokud vím, tak tady není.
    as far as

    Pozor na slovo frekventovaný při překladu do angličtiny! Ve významu častý je to frequent. Chcete-li ale říct, že je něco často navštěvované nebo je zde velký provoz, užije se frequented frɪˈkwεntɪd. Např.: frequented road - frekventovaná silnice.

    Exercise 26

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    • Přeložte.

    12 Ještě nepřišel.
    7 Nebudu moci přijít.
    8 Nesmíš to nikomu říct.
    1 Máte pravdu.
    11 Musel jsem tam jít.
    2 Mám zpoždění.
    4 Co se děje?
    15 Nikdy jsem v Londýně nebyl.
    19 Všechno nejlepší k narozeninám!
    20 Hodně štěstí!
    13 Nechám to na vás.
    6 Postarám se o to.
    9 Co ještě potřebujete?
    17 Jak dlouho už tady čekáte?
    3 Dlouho vás nezdržím.
    5 Nevěděl jsem o tom.
    10 Nemusíte platit.
    18 Učím se anglicky už dva roky.
    16 Bydlím tady už deset let.
    14 Kdybych to měl, dal bych ti to.

    Sidewalk je americký termín. V Británii pro chodník užívají pavement ˈpeɪvmənt! V americké angličtině je ale pavement zpevněná vozovka (asfaltovaný povrch ap.).

    Připoutat se (v autě ap.) se hlavně v americké angličtině hovorově řekne buckle up ˈbʌkəlˌʌp. Např.: Buckle up! - Připoutej(te) se!

    Pozor! Slovo police se v angličtině chová jako podstatné jméno v množném čísle, tedy: The police are ..., The police have ... ap.! Např. The police are after him. - Jde po něm policie., Police say that ... - Policie říká, že...