Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Přeložte.

    17 I'm looking forward to that.
    15 Have you done it yet?
    6 It made him angry.
    13 Have we met (before)?
    5 He has no sense of humour.
    7 He's known her for years.
    4 They differ in many ways.
    2 I don't get it.
    11 I'll do my best.
    1 How've you been?
    10 Can you give me a lift?
    12 I'd love to, but I can't.
    3 It's getting worse.
    16 I'll do it asap.
    18 I've been taking driving lessons.
    8 He's to come too.
    14 We had the house built.
    19 I was fined for speeding.
    9 What was I supposed to do?

    Speeding spiːdɪŋ je překročení povolené rychlosti (speed - rychlost). Speeding ticket je pokuta za rychlost. Např.: He got a speeding ticket. - Dostal pokutu za rychlost.

    Exercise 2

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    • Poslechněte si nahrávku a určete, zda je tvrzení pravdivé (true), nebo nepravdivé (false).

    5 New Yorkers are known to walk a lot around the city.
    3 They usually don't leave a tip in British pubs.
    1 Bob was fined 400 dollars for driving too fast.
    2 John had an accident, but it wasn't his fault.
    4 Americans mostly buy cars made in the US.
    8 The number of yellow cabs in New York is about 13.5 thousand.
    6 Both the British and Americans like to use trains.
    7 Some 5 million people travel on the tube every day in London.

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte odpovídající výroky.

    • 1 I'll keep it on.
    • 2 I won't keep you long.
    • 3 He broke up with her.
    • 4 I'll find out.
    • 5 He made it up.
    • 6 I'll catch up with you.
    • 7 He's missing her.
    • 8 He was fired.
    • a Chybí mu.
    • b Doženu vás.
    • e Nechám si to na sobě.
    • g Nezdržím tě dlouho.
    • g Zjistím to.
    • f Vymyslel si to.
    • c Dostal vyhazov.
    • d Rozešel se s ní.

    Exercise 4

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    8 They took in/off/out a loan to buy a car.
    4 He wasn't supposed to know. You couldn't/shouldn't/wouldn't have told him.
    9 I'm sorry of/at/about that. I did it by/on/of mistake.
    10 I usually go in/in/by car, but we met in/at/on the bus.
    1 Most from/of/in them didn't know.
    5 Did you get my e-mail? - Yes, but I haven't red/read/readed it yet.
    7 Come out/on/at. Hurry up! We'll be late.
    2 How long will it ask/take/keep to get there? - About an hour.
    3 Jane and Bob prepared it himself/themselves/ourselves.
    6 Could you take/get/pick me up at the airport tomorrow?

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte členy, some nebo any, kde třeba.

    13 Take meat out of bag and put it in fridge.
    2 Are there other ways? I can't think of .
    9 Would you like more cake? - Yes. I haven't had yet.
    7 I had accident when driving to work this morning.
    10 USA and Canada are almost same size.
    6 Can you give me hand? - I don't have time for that.
    11 A boy from US met girl from Europe.
    14 I had busy day at work. I'm going to bed.
    12 He's American who makes lot of money.
    8 I saw it on TV yesterday when I was watching news.
    5 Have wine! - Thanks, I don't drink alcohol.
    3 Can you lend me money? - I don't have money.
    4 I bought new car. - What did you do with old one?
    1 Is there place where we could have dinner?

    Exercise 6

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    • Doplňte překlady vět.

    9 Neměl bys mu o tom říkat. You tell him.
    7 Kolikrát jsi to už viděl? How many have you seen it?
    3 Je mi to jedno. I don't (about it).
    13 Bude to hotovo do pátku. It'll be finished Friday.
    6 Kolik peněz tam je? How money is there?
    10 Lepší by bylo počkat. It better to wait.
    12 Počkám, až přijde. I'll wait him to come.
    14 Co tím myslíte? What do you by that?
    5 Doufám, že ne. I hope .
    11 To jídlo se může zkazit. The food may bad.
    8 Pokud vím... As as I know ...
    1 Chystám se k odchodu. I'm to leave.
    2 Byli jsme okradeni. We were .
    4 Budete muset počkat. You'll wait.

    Exercise 7

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    • Spojte související výroky.

    • 1 He had a house built ...
    • 2 I'll tell her about it ...
    • 3 I've been learning English ...
    • 4 I tried to call him ...
    • 5 We had to wait ...
    • 6 I'm really sorry about ...
    • 7 I had a car accident ...
    • 8 He was fined 500 dollars ...
    • g until they came back.
    • h although she shouldn't know.
    • e but he isn't answering the phone.
    • c but he sold it soon after.
    • a for about two years now.
    • b what happened to her.
    • f which made him angry.
    • d but it wasn't my fault.

    Exercise 8

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    2 What's up, man? Long time no sea/see/say. How've you been?
    12 I met her in/on/at the bus although I usually go on/in/by car.
    5 Are you hungry? - Not right/really/hardly. But I'm thirsty.
    7 Don't give up. You must stay/keep/last trying.
    8 I'm in a hurry. I must catch/reach/have the bus.
    3 He's a year younger, but he's a head longer/taller/higher than me.
    11 I came at/across/about an interesting article.
    13 We didn't meet on/at/by chance. We agreed to meet/meeting/met.
    4 I'm trying! - I know but you must try stronger/harder/heavier!
    10 I sent it at/to/in his e-mail address at/on/by accident.
    6 I'm feeling unwell. I'll have to see/meet/reach a doctor.
    1 Are you looking forward to it? - Yes, I can't stay/afford/wait to see it.
    9 There will be no meeting. It was called out/away/off.

    Předložka by také znamená kolem, vedle (o pohybu). Např.: A police car went by. - Kolem projelo policejní auto. Stop by je hovorově stavit se (za někým).

    Exercise 9

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    • Doplňte druhou větu tak, aby měla opačný význam.

    15 He does hardly any work. - He works really .
    11 It's getting better. - It's getting .
    4 I threw it away. - I it.
    2 He's found a job. - He was .
    3 She needn't know about it. - She know about it.
    12 She calmed him down. - She made him .
    14 What time do you go to bed? - What time do you up?
    10 I like both beer and wine. - I like beer wine.
    7 The computer is still on. - The computer is .
    9 It cost at least 300. - It cost at 300.
    1 I have to work tomorrow. - I'm taking a day tomorrow.
    8 Don't bring him with you. - Feel to bring him with you.
    13 They helped me do it. - I did it .
    6 You can get there by car. - You have to there.
    5 You must take off your glasses. - You must put your glasses.

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte správné tvary slovesa v nápovědě.

    2 I haven't see you for ages!
    7 They meet years ago and become friends.
    1 Where be you last night?
    3 I've bring some wine.
    10 He be here a moment ago and he leave a message for you.
    6 She was hit by a car.
    4 He's speak to her.
    9 I give it to him and I think he keep it.
    8 He have an accident and was take to hospital.
    5 The house was sell for 20.000.

    Slovo left znamená též zbylý. Užívá se hlavně ve spojení be left - zbýt, zbývat. Např.: There's nothing left. - Nic nezbylo., I don't have much money left. - Už mi nezbývá moc peněz. ap.

    Exercise 11

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    • Doplňte správnou předložku.

    10 What disease did he die ? It's not known.
    9 Look these two. Is there any difference them?
    8 They spend all their money food and clothes.
    2 I'll see you Monday 4 p.m.
    3 I'm too tired. I can't go .
    7 Who'll be looking the kids when she's gone?
    6 Don't worry that. I'll take care it.
    4 He'll be back ten minutes. You can wait him.
    12 Thank you so much. It's so nice you.
    5 We'll meet Christmas Eve at 7 p.m. my place.
    1 Only one 20 Americans don't have a car.
    11 Do you have it you? - No, I left it work.

    Američané často jako výraz díků říkají: I appreciate it. - Vážím si toho., Oceňuji to. (appreciate əˈpriːʃɪˌeɪt - oceňovat, vážit si)

    Exercise 12

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    • Utvořte otázky. Ptejte se na zvýrazněná slova.

    2 I've been waiting for an hour.
    3 Nobody else knows about it.
    6 I've known her for 2 years.
    4 I told Bob and Jane about it.
    1 He left for work an hour ago.
    8 I haven't sent it yet.
    7 It cost me over 500 dollars.
    5 We'll spend the weekend at the seaside.
    9 He drank five beers.
    10 I've been learning English for a year.

    Exercise 13

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    • Doplňte překlady vět pomocí trpného rodu.

    6 Tato auta se vyrábí v Japonsku. These cars in Japan.
    9 Vzali ho na vysokou. He to college.
    5 Postavili 3 nové domy. Three new houses .
    11 Viděli ji, jak odchází. She leaving.
    4 Srazilo je nákladní auto. They by a truck.
    12 Našli ji o týden později. She a week later.
    10 Ví se o něm, že je bohatý. He to be rich.
    2 Bude povýšena. She'll .
    7 Toto slovo se často neužívá. This word often.
    3 Mohli by ho vyhodit z práce. He could .
    8 Článek napsala dívka. The article by a girl.
    1 Ukradli mu auto. His car .

    I'm flattered. ˈflætəd nebo též I feel flattered. je česky Jsem polichocen.

    Exercise 14

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu tvary slovesa do nebo make.

    9 These photos me want to go on holiday.
    14 He it to her angry.
    4 How did you at school? Were you a good student?
    11 He a lot of money last year.
    10 Please your best. It's very important.
    6 We can't without their help.
    1 Have you your homework?
    12 I only have 20 dollars. Will it ?
    13 This dress me look fat.
    7 They a lot of damage when they broke in.
    2 I've a big mistake.
    15 it sense to you?
    8 I need to a phone call.
    5 I'm running late. I won't it in time.
    3 Stop fun of me!

    Exercise 15

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    • Doplňte odpovědi pomocí slovesa z otázky.

    4 When did they send it? - They it last night.
    6 How many times did you try it? - I it at least five times.
    5 How long did you spend there? - We a week there.
    1 Where did you go on holiday? - We to the seaside.
    3 Did you get my message? - No, I no message.
    2 When did he lose his job? - He his job last year.
    7 Did you buy any wine? - No, I only food.
    8 Did you understand him? - I only a few words.
    10 Did you write down his name? - No, I his number.
    9 How did you feel when you found out? - I really bad.

    Exercise 16

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    • Doplňte správnou předložku.

    9 It looks you are having a great time.
    12 We'are all very sorry her death.
    11 It's not for kids. You must be 18 years old to buy it.
    6 I got it Christmas a friend of mine.
    10 It was a secret meeting. They met closed doors.
    2 We'll meet the airport.
    7 I'm tired listening to them. I'm leaving.
    3 I'm leaving Paris tomorrow.
    1 Have you ever been the USA?
    5 It's too hot inside. I'll wait the pub.
    4 It's very hot. The temperature is 30 degrees.
    8 She used to work a teacher.

    Spojení feel sorry for se užívá, když někoho litujete, be sorry for hlavně při omluvě za svůj čin ap., ale be sorry about se užije o situaci či něčem, co nastalo. Např.: I felt sorry for him. - Bylo mi ho líto., I'm sorry for disturbing you. - Promiňte, že vás ruším. ALE I'm sorry about that. - To mě mrzí. Sorry se může vázat i s infinitivem. Např.: We're sorry to inform you ... - S politováním vám oznamujeme...

    Exercise 17

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    • Napište věty, které uslyšíte. Neužívejte stažené tvary. (Pište celými slovy.)

    3
    8
    1
    2
    6
    9
    10
    5
    7
    4

    Exercise 18

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    • Spojte výroky, které mají opačný význam.

    • 1 He's jobless.
    • 2 He made her angry.
    • 3 He's in good health.
    • 4 I'm enjoying it.
    • 5 He died there.
    • 6 I don't care about her.
    • 7 I have two siblings.
    • 8 I'm really hungry.
    • g I'm crazy about her.
    • f He calmed her down.
    • b I'm tired of it.
    • c I've eaten.
    • d I'm an only child.
    • h He was born there.
    • a He's seriously ill.
    • e He's employed.

    Exercise 19

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    • Doplňte větu posunutou do minulého času s užitím časové souslednosti.

    2 I'm afraid they're lost. - I was afraid they lost.
    8 He says he was there. - He said he there.
    9 I don't know who did it. - I didn't know who it.
    1 I think she is there. - I thought she there.
    5 I hope you'll come. - I hoped you come.
    7 I believe he forgot about it. - I believed he it.
    6 She says she'll help us. - She said she help us.
    3 I'm sure they have it. - I was sure they it.
    4 I suppose you know that. - I supposed you that.
    10 I know what he's going to do. - I knew what he going to do.

    Exercise 20

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    • Přeložte. Použijte nápovědu.

    5 Neviděl jsem ho už měsíce.
    for months
    7 To bude ještě dražší.
    even
    2 Už jsi to poslal?
    yet
    3 Právě jsem to dodělal.
    just
    8 Co ještě bych měl udělat?
    else
    10 Zkus to ještě jednou.
    again; more
    6 Ještě jsem to nečetl.
    yet
    4 Už odešli.
    already
    9 Dám si ještě jedno pivo.
    more
    1 Díváme se právě na film.
    just

    Exercise 21

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    • Doplňte překlady pomocí frázových sloves.

    5 Musím se přihlásit v hotelu. I must in at the hotel.
    1 Už jsem zjistil, kolik to stojí. I've out how much it costs.
    10 Čti dál. on reading.
    8 Letadlo už odstartovalo. The plane has off.
    13 Vyrazíme brzy ráno. We'll out early.
    9 Vydržte chvilku. Hold a minute.
    4 Řekni mu, ať se uklidní. Tell him to down.
    3 Chtějí si užít (života). They want to it up.
    14 (Dávej) pozor! Watch !
    6 Ceny domů vzrostly o... House prices up by ...
    2 Měl by nechat kouření. He should up smoking.
    7 Mám pustit televizi? Shall I on the TV?
    11 Můžeme to odložit? Can we it off?
    12 Došel mi benzín. I've out of petrol.

    Frázové sloveso go for má několik významů. Jeden z nejběžnějších je vybrat si nebo rozhodnout se pro. Např.: I'd go for this one. - Já bych si vybral tento. Ve významu platit pro... se užívá go for stejně jako sloveso apply to əˈplaɪˌtuː. Např.: That goes for you too., That applies to you too. - To platí i pro tebe. ap.

    Jaywalking ˈdʒeɪˌwɔːkɪŋ je neukázněné přecházení silnice. Termín jaywalker ˈdʒeɪˌwɔːkə je neukázněný chodec (přecházející na červenou, mimo přechod ap.).

    Exercise 23

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    • Vyberte správné slovo podle výkladu.

    1 When two people are not a couple any more, they break up/down/in.
    10 The part of a street used for walking is called the jaywalk/sidewalk/walker.
    11 When you've done something many times and you have no problem doing it, you are used to/addicted to/interested in it.
    8 When you give someone food, you say: Welcome/Cheers/Help yourself.
    5 To get a driving licence, you must first make/get/pass a driving test.
    9 An old person who doesn't work anymore is wrapped/retired/admitted.
    3 When a meeting is to take place later, it is put out/away/off.
    2 When you get divorced/married/bored you become a husband and wife.
    7 When someone takes your things away, you are broken/robbed/stolen.
    6 When you get well again after being ill, you have tired/recovered/fainted.
    4 If you want to eat healthily, you should get/avoid/order junk food.

    Obrat to hail a taxi znamená zastavit si taxi (mávnutím). Podobně se užívá fráze wave down a taxi (wave weɪv - mávnout, zamávat).

    Exercise 24

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    • Doplňte překlady.

    2 Doufejme, že to vyjde. Let's hope it'll off.
    4 Mám (moc) rád italské jídlo. I'm of Italian food.
    11 Mám raději čaj než kávu. I tea to coffee.
    1 Zamilovala se do něho. She in love with him.
    6 Zvykl jsem si na to. I used to it.
    14 Ať neodchází! Don't him go!
    13 Jeďte po této cestě. Go this road.
    5 Nechám to na vás. I'll it up to you.
    3 To zní zajímavě. That interesting.
    9 Byla okradena dvěma muži. She by two men.
    10 Bude to stát spoustu peněz. It'll cost a of money.
    8 Odjíždím v pátek ráno. I'm leaving Friday morning.
    12 Vyzvednu tě na letišti. I'll you up at the airport.
    7 Nejezdím po městě autem. I don't drive the city.

    Ať v rozkazu lze také někdy přeložit pomocí obratu make sure (that) (ujisti se/zajisti, že...) Např.: Make sure you don't lose it. - Ať to neztratíš., Make sure he doesn't break it. - Ať to nerozbije. ap.

    Exercise 25

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    • Přeložte. Použijte nápovědu.

    10 Rádi bychom si objednali.
    order
    1 Nevím, jak dlouho to potrvá.
    take
    4 To je ale překvapení!
    surprise
    6 Nechce se mi tam jít.
    feel like
    7 Nejsem z toho zrovna nadšený.
    crazy
    14 To rád slyším.
    glad
    3 Pokud vím, tak tady není.
    as far as
    13 To nevadí.
    mind
    2 Dám vám vědět co nejdřív.
    as soon as
    8 To by bylo skvělé!
    great
    11 Platím já! (pití ap.)
    buy
    12 Neslyším vás.
    can
    9 Změnil jsem názor.
    mind
    5 Co takhle si dát pivo?
    pint

    Pozor na slovo frekventovaný při překladu do angličtiny! Ve významu častý je to frequent. Chcete-li ale říct, že je něco často navštěvované nebo je zde velký provoz, užije se frequented frɪˈkwεntɪd. Např.: frequented road - frekventovaná silnice.

    Exercise 26

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    • Přeložte.

    12 Ještě nepřišel.
    15 Nikdy jsem v Londýně nebyl.
    11 Musel jsem tam jít.
    7 Nebudu moci přijít.
    20 Hodně štěstí!
    18 Učím se anglicky už dva roky.
    5 Nevěděl jsem o tom.
    16 Bydlím tady už deset let.
    2 Mám zpoždění.
    17 Jak dlouho už tady čekáte?
    1 Máte pravdu.
    9 Co ještě potřebujete?
    10 Nemusíte platit.
    3 Dlouho vás nezdržím.
    4 Co se děje?
    6 Postarám se o to.
    14 Kdybych to měl, dal bych ti to.
    13 Nechám to na vás.
    19 Všechno nejlepší k narozeninám!
    8 Nesmíš to nikomu říct.

    Sidewalk je americký termín. V Británii pro chodník užívají pavement ˈpeɪvmənt! V americké angličtině je ale pavement zpevněná vozovka (asfaltovaný povrch ap.).

    Připoutat se (v autě ap.) se hlavně v americké angličtině hovorově řekne buckle up ˈbʌkəlˌʌp. Např.: Buckle up! - Připoutej(te) se!

    Pozor! Slovo police se v angličtině chová jako podstatné jméno v množném čísle, tedy: The police are ..., The police have ... ap.! Např. The police are after him. - Jde po něm policie., Police say that ... - Policie říká, že...