Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Přeložte.

    5 He has no sense of humour.
    4 They differ in many ways.
    19 I was fined for speeding.
    16 I'll do it asap.
    18 I've been taking driving lessons.
    15 Have you done it yet?
    12 I'd love to, but I can't.
    8 He's to come too.
    17 I'm looking forward to that.
    3 It's getting worse.
    11 I'll do my best.
    14 We had the house built.
    1 How've you been?
    2 I don't get it.
    13 Have we met (before)?
    7 He's known her for years.
    10 Can you give me a lift?
    9 What was I supposed to do?
    6 It made him angry.

    Speeding spiːdɪŋ je překročení povolené rychlosti (speed - rychlost). Speeding ticket je pokuta za rychlost. Např.: He got a speeding ticket. - Dostal pokutu za rychlost.

    Exercise 2

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    • Poslechněte si nahrávku a určete, zda je tvrzení pravdivé (true), nebo nepravdivé (false).

    4 Americans mostly buy cars made in the US.
    8 The number of yellow cabs in New York is about 13.5 thousand.
    3 They usually don't leave a tip in British pubs.
    5 New Yorkers are known to walk a lot around the city.
    2 John had an accident, but it wasn't his fault.
    6 Both the British and Americans like to use trains.
    1 Bob was fined 400 dollars for driving too fast.
    7 Some 5 million people travel on the tube every day in London.

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte odpovídající výroky.

    • 1 I'll keep it on.
    • 2 I won't keep you long.
    • 3 He broke up with her.
    • 4 I'll find out.
    • 5 He made it up.
    • 6 I'll catch up with you.
    • 7 He's missing her.
    • 8 He was fired.
    • g Nezdržím tě dlouho.
    • d Rozešel se s ní.
    • f Vymyslel si to.
    • e Nechám si to na sobě.
    • a Chybí mu.
    • b Doženu vás.
    • c Dostal vyhazov.
    • g Zjistím to.

    Exercise 4

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    3 Jane and Bob prepared it himself/themselves/ourselves.
    4 He wasn't supposed to know. You couldn't/shouldn't/wouldn't have told him.
    5 Did you get my e-mail? - Yes, but I haven't red/read/readed it yet.
    9 I'm sorry of/at/about that. I did it by/on/of mistake.
    7 Come out/on/at. Hurry up! We'll be late.
    6 Could you take/get/pick me up at the airport tomorrow?
    1 Most from/of/in them didn't know.
    8 They took in/off/out a loan to buy a car.
    2 How long will it ask/take/keep to get there? - About an hour.
    10 I usually go in/in/by car, but we met in/at/on the bus.

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte členy, some nebo any, kde třeba.

    14 I had busy day at work. I'm going to bed.
    13 Take meat out of bag and put it in fridge.
    3 Can you lend me money? - I don't have money.
    7 I had accident when driving to work this morning.
    8 I saw it on TV yesterday when I was watching news.
    12 He's American who makes lot of money.
    10 USA and Canada are almost same size.
    9 Would you like more cake? - Yes. I haven't had yet.
    5 Have wine! - Thanks, I don't drink alcohol.
    1 Is there place where we could have dinner?
    11 A boy from US met girl from Europe.
    4 I bought new car. - What did you do with old one?
    6 Can you give me hand? - I don't have time for that.
    2 Are there other ways? I can't think of .

    Exercise 6

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    • Doplňte překlady vět.

    11 To jídlo se může zkazit. The food may bad.
    9 Neměl bys mu o tom říkat. You tell him.
    2 Byli jsme okradeni. We were .
    10 Lepší by bylo počkat. It better to wait.
    13 Bude to hotovo do pátku. It'll be finished Friday.
    14 Co tím myslíte? What do you by that?
    6 Kolik peněz tam je? How money is there?
    3 Je mi to jedno. I don't (about it).
    5 Doufám, že ne. I hope .
    1 Chystám se k odchodu. I'm to leave.
    7 Kolikrát jsi to už viděl? How many have you seen it?
    12 Počkám, až přijde. I'll wait him to come.
    8 Pokud vím... As as I know ...
    4 Budete muset počkat. You'll wait.

    Exercise 7

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    • Spojte související výroky.

    • 1 He had a house built ...
    • 2 I'll tell her about it ...
    • 3 I've been learning English ...
    • 4 I tried to call him ...
    • 5 We had to wait ...
    • 6 I'm really sorry about ...
    • 7 I had a car accident ...
    • 8 He was fined 500 dollars ...
    • d but it wasn't my fault.
    • e but he isn't answering the phone.
    • h although she shouldn't know.
    • b what happened to her.
    • f which made him angry.
    • a for about two years now.
    • c but he sold it soon after.
    • g until they came back.

    Exercise 8

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    1 Are you looking forward to it? - Yes, I can't stay/afford/wait to see it.
    9 There will be no meeting. It was called out/away/off.
    5 Are you hungry? - Not right/really/hardly. But I'm thirsty.
    12 I met her in/on/at the bus although I usually go on/in/by car.
    11 I came at/across/about an interesting article.
    4 I'm trying! - I know but you must try stronger/harder/heavier!
    7 Don't give up. You must stay/keep/last trying.
    13 We didn't meet on/at/by chance. We agreed to meet/meeting/met.
    2 What's up, man? Long time no sea/see/say. How've you been?
    3 He's a year younger, but he's a head longer/taller/higher than me.
    6 I'm feeling unwell. I'll have to see/meet/reach a doctor.
    8 I'm in a hurry. I must catch/reach/have the bus.
    10 I sent it at/to/in his e-mail address at/on/by accident.

    Předložka by také znamená kolem, vedle (o pohybu). Např.: A police car went by. - Kolem projelo policejní auto. Stop by je hovorově stavit se (za někým).

    Exercise 9

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    • Doplňte druhou větu tak, aby měla opačný význam.

    15 He does hardly any work. - He works really .
    14 What time do you go to bed? - What time do you up?
    1 I have to work tomorrow. - I'm taking a day tomorrow.
    4 I threw it away. - I it.
    9 It cost at least 300. - It cost at 300.
    5 You must take off your glasses. - You must put your glasses.
    10 I like both beer and wine. - I like beer wine.
    12 She calmed him down. - She made him .
    13 They helped me do it. - I did it .
    3 She needn't know about it. - She know about it.
    2 He's found a job. - He was .
    8 Don't bring him with you. - Feel to bring him with you.
    6 You can get there by car. - You have to there.
    11 It's getting better. - It's getting .
    7 The computer is still on. - The computer is .

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte správné tvary slovesa v nápovědě.

    4 He's speak to her.
    2 I haven't see you for ages!
    6 She was hit by a car.
    5 The house was sell for 20.000.
    3 I've bring some wine.
    1 Where be you last night?
    9 I give it to him and I think he keep it.
    8 He have an accident and was take to hospital.
    7 They meet years ago and become friends.
    10 He be here a moment ago and he leave a message for you.

    Slovo left znamená též zbylý. Užívá se hlavně ve spojení be left - zbýt, zbývat. Např.: There's nothing left. - Nic nezbylo., I don't have much money left. - Už mi nezbývá moc peněz. ap.

    Exercise 11

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    • Doplňte správnou předložku.

    8 They spend all their money food and clothes.
    2 I'll see you Monday 4 p.m.
    5 We'll meet Christmas Eve at 7 p.m. my place.
    9 Look these two. Is there any difference them?
    3 I'm too tired. I can't go .
    12 Thank you so much. It's so nice you.
    11 Do you have it you? - No, I left it work.
    7 Who'll be looking the kids when she's gone?
    10 What disease did he die ? It's not known.
    4 He'll be back ten minutes. You can wait him.
    1 Only one 20 Americans don't have a car.
    6 Don't worry that. I'll take care it.

    Američané často jako výraz díků říkají: I appreciate it. - Vážím si toho., Oceňuji to. (appreciate əˈpriːʃɪˌeɪt - oceňovat, vážit si)

    Exercise 12

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    • Utvořte otázky. Ptejte se na zvýrazněná slova.

    9 He drank five beers.
    2 I've been waiting for an hour.
    1 He left for work an hour ago.
    7 It cost me over 500 dollars.
    3 Nobody else knows about it.
    6 I've known her for 2 years.
    4 I told Bob and Jane about it.
    8 I haven't sent it yet.
    5 We'll spend the weekend at the seaside.
    10 I've been learning English for a year.

    Exercise 13

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    • Doplňte překlady vět pomocí trpného rodu.

    10 Ví se o něm, že je bohatý. He to be rich.
    8 Článek napsala dívka. The article by a girl.
    4 Srazilo je nákladní auto. They by a truck.
    9 Vzali ho na vysokou. He to college.
    2 Bude povýšena. She'll .
    7 Toto slovo se často neužívá. This word often.
    1 Ukradli mu auto. His car .
    12 Našli ji o týden později. She a week later.
    11 Viděli ji, jak odchází. She leaving.
    3 Mohli by ho vyhodit z práce. He could .
    6 Tato auta se vyrábí v Japonsku. These cars in Japan.
    5 Postavili 3 nové domy. Three new houses .

    I'm flattered. ˈflætəd nebo též I feel flattered. je česky Jsem polichocen.

    Exercise 14

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu tvary slovesa do nebo make.

    2 I've a big mistake.
    11 He a lot of money last year.
    15 it sense to you?
    9 These photos me want to go on holiday.
    13 This dress me look fat.
    7 They a lot of damage when they broke in.
    4 How did you at school? Were you a good student?
    10 Please your best. It's very important.
    14 He it to her angry.
    8 I need to a phone call.
    3 Stop fun of me!
    6 We can't without their help.
    5 I'm running late. I won't it in time.
    12 I only have 20 dollars. Will it ?
    1 Have you your homework?

    Exercise 15

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    • Doplňte odpovědi pomocí slovesa z otázky.

    9 How did you feel when you found out? - I really bad.
    6 How many times did you try it? - I it at least five times.
    1 Where did you go on holiday? - We to the seaside.
    2 When did he lose his job? - He his job last year.
    8 Did you understand him? - I only a few words.
    3 Did you get my message? - No, I no message.
    7 Did you buy any wine? - No, I only food.
    10 Did you write down his name? - No, I his number.
    4 When did they send it? - They it last night.
    5 How long did you spend there? - We a week there.

    Exercise 16

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    • Doplňte správnou předložku.

    5 It's too hot inside. I'll wait the pub.
    4 It's very hot. The temperature is 30 degrees.
    3 I'm leaving Paris tomorrow.
    12 We'are all very sorry her death.
    11 It's not for kids. You must be 18 years old to buy it.
    2 We'll meet the airport.
    8 She used to work a teacher.
    10 It was a secret meeting. They met closed doors.
    6 I got it Christmas a friend of mine.
    1 Have you ever been the USA?
    9 It looks you are having a great time.
    7 I'm tired listening to them. I'm leaving.

    Spojení feel sorry for se užívá, když někoho litujete, be sorry for hlavně při omluvě za svůj čin ap., ale be sorry about se užije o situaci či něčem, co nastalo. Např.: I felt sorry for him. - Bylo mi ho líto., I'm sorry for disturbing you. - Promiňte, že vás ruším. ALE I'm sorry about that. - To mě mrzí. Sorry se může vázat i s infinitivem. Např.: We're sorry to inform you ... - S politováním vám oznamujeme...

    Exercise 17

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    • Napište věty, které uslyšíte. Neužívejte stažené tvary. (Pište celými slovy.)

    10
    2
    3
    7
    4
    1
    9
    5
    8
    6

    Exercise 18

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    • Spojte výroky, které mají opačný význam.

    • 1 He's jobless.
    • 2 He made her angry.
    • 3 He's in good health.
    • 4 I'm enjoying it.
    • 5 He died there.
    • 6 I don't care about her.
    • 7 I have two siblings.
    • 8 I'm really hungry.
    • b I'm tired of it.
    • c I've eaten.
    • f He calmed her down.
    • d I'm an only child.
    • h He was born there.
    • a He's seriously ill.
    • g I'm crazy about her.
    • e He's employed.

    Exercise 19

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    • Doplňte větu posunutou do minulého času s užitím časové souslednosti.

    9 I don't know who did it. - I didn't know who it.
    4 I suppose you know that. - I supposed you that.
    7 I believe he forgot about it. - I believed he it.
    5 I hope you'll come. - I hoped you come.
    1 I think she is there. - I thought she there.
    8 He says he was there. - He said he there.
    6 She says she'll help us. - She said she help us.
    10 I know what he's going to do. - I knew what he going to do.
    2 I'm afraid they're lost. - I was afraid they lost.
    3 I'm sure they have it. - I was sure they it.

    Exercise 20

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    • Přeložte. Použijte nápovědu.

    3 Právě jsem to dodělal.
    just
    9 Dám si ještě jedno pivo.
    more
    2 Už jsi to poslal?
    yet
    4 Už odešli.
    already
    8 Co ještě bych měl udělat?
    else
    1 Díváme se právě na film.
    just
    5 Neviděl jsem ho už měsíce.
    for months
    6 Ještě jsem to nečetl.
    yet
    10 Zkus to ještě jednou.
    again; more
    7 To bude ještě dražší.
    even

    Exercise 21

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    • Doplňte překlady pomocí frázových sloves.

    12 Došel mi benzín. I've out of petrol.
    3 Chtějí si užít (života). They want to it up.
    8 Letadlo už odstartovalo. The plane has off.
    13 Vyrazíme brzy ráno. We'll out early.
    10 Čti dál. on reading.
    7 Mám pustit televizi? Shall I on the TV?
    14 (Dávej) pozor! Watch !
    9 Vydržte chvilku. Hold a minute.
    1 Už jsem zjistil, kolik to stojí. I've out how much it costs.
    6 Ceny domů vzrostly o... House prices up by ...
    4 Řekni mu, ať se uklidní. Tell him to down.
    11 Můžeme to odložit? Can we it off?
    5 Musím se přihlásit v hotelu. I must in at the hotel.
    2 Měl by nechat kouření. He should up smoking.

    Frázové sloveso go for má několik významů. Jeden z nejběžnějších je vybrat si nebo rozhodnout se pro. Např.: I'd go for this one. - Já bych si vybral tento. Ve významu platit pro... se užívá go for stejně jako sloveso apply to əˈplaɪˌtuː. Např.: That goes for you too., That applies to you too. - To platí i pro tebe. ap.

    Jaywalking ˈdʒeɪˌwɔːkɪŋ je neukázněné přecházení silnice. Termín jaywalker ˈdʒeɪˌwɔːkə je neukázněný chodec (přecházející na červenou, mimo přechod ap.).

    Exercise 23

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    • Vyberte správné slovo podle výkladu.

    5 To get a driving licence, you must first make/get/pass a driving test.
    7 When someone takes your things away, you are broken/robbed/stolen.
    9 An old person who doesn't work anymore is wrapped/retired/admitted.
    6 When you get well again after being ill, you have tired/recovered/fainted.
    8 When you give someone food, you say: Welcome/Cheers/Help yourself.
    1 When two people are not a couple any more, they break up/down/in.
    3 When a meeting is to take place later, it is put out/away/off.
    2 When you get divorced/married/bored you become a husband and wife.
    11 When you've done something many times and you have no problem doing it, you are used to/addicted to/interested in it.
    10 The part of a street used for walking is called the jaywalk/sidewalk/walker.
    4 If you want to eat healthily, you should get/avoid/order junk food.

    Obrat to hail a taxi znamená zastavit si taxi (mávnutím). Podobně se užívá fráze wave down a taxi (wave weɪv - mávnout, zamávat).

    Exercise 24

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    • Doplňte překlady.

    2 Doufejme, že to vyjde. Let's hope it'll off.
    5 Nechám to na vás. I'll it up to you.
    8 Odjíždím v pátek ráno. I'm leaving Friday morning.
    1 Zamilovala se do něho. She in love with him.
    11 Mám raději čaj než kávu. I tea to coffee.
    9 Byla okradena dvěma muži. She by two men.
    13 Jeďte po této cestě. Go this road.
    6 Zvykl jsem si na to. I used to it.
    4 Mám (moc) rád italské jídlo. I'm of Italian food.
    7 Nejezdím po městě autem. I don't drive the city.
    12 Vyzvednu tě na letišti. I'll you up at the airport.
    10 Bude to stát spoustu peněz. It'll cost a of money.
    14 Ať neodchází! Don't him go!
    3 To zní zajímavě. That interesting.

    Ať v rozkazu lze také někdy přeložit pomocí obratu make sure (that) (ujisti se/zajisti, že...) Např.: Make sure you don't lose it. - Ať to neztratíš., Make sure he doesn't break it. - Ať to nerozbije. ap.

    Exercise 25

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    • Přeložte. Použijte nápovědu.

    6 Nechce se mi tam jít.
    feel like
    12 Neslyším vás.
    can
    13 To nevadí.
    mind
    9 Změnil jsem názor.
    mind
    14 To rád slyším.
    glad
    8 To by bylo skvělé!
    great
    4 To je ale překvapení!
    surprise
    3 Pokud vím, tak tady není.
    as far as
    2 Dám vám vědět co nejdřív.
    as soon as
    7 Nejsem z toho zrovna nadšený.
    crazy
    5 Co takhle si dát pivo?
    pint
    10 Rádi bychom si objednali.
    order
    1 Nevím, jak dlouho to potrvá.
    take
    11 Platím já! (pití ap.)
    buy

    Pozor na slovo frekventovaný při překladu do angličtiny! Ve významu častý je to frequent. Chcete-li ale říct, že je něco často navštěvované nebo je zde velký provoz, užije se frequented frɪˈkwεntɪd. Např.: frequented road - frekventovaná silnice.

    Exercise 26

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    • Přeložte.

    17 Jak dlouho už tady čekáte?
    7 Nebudu moci přijít.
    14 Kdybych to měl, dal bych ti to.
    2 Mám zpoždění.
    6 Postarám se o to.
    20 Hodně štěstí!
    10 Nemusíte platit.
    13 Nechám to na vás.
    5 Nevěděl jsem o tom.
    19 Všechno nejlepší k narozeninám!
    9 Co ještě potřebujete?
    11 Musel jsem tam jít.
    4 Co se děje?
    12 Ještě nepřišel.
    15 Nikdy jsem v Londýně nebyl.
    1 Máte pravdu.
    16 Bydlím tady už deset let.
    3 Dlouho vás nezdržím.
    18 Učím se anglicky už dva roky.
    8 Nesmíš to nikomu říct.

    Sidewalk je americký termín. V Británii pro chodník užívají pavement ˈpeɪvmənt! V americké angličtině je ale pavement zpevněná vozovka (asfaltovaný povrch ap.).

    Připoutat se (v autě ap.) se hlavně v americké angličtině hovorově řekne buckle up ˈbʌkəlˌʌp. Např.: Buckle up! - Připoutej(te) se!

    Pozor! Slovo police se v angličtině chová jako podstatné jméno v množném čísle, tedy: The police are ..., The police have ... ap.! Např. The police are after him. - Jde po něm policie., Police say that ... - Policie říká, že...