Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Přeložte.

    19 I was fined for speeding.
    9 What was I supposed to do?
    13 Have we met (before)?
    3 It's getting worse.
    7 He's known her for years.
    18 I've been taking driving lessons.
    4 They differ in many ways.
    11 I'll do my best.
    5 He has no sense of humour.
    12 I'd love to, but I can't.
    1 How've you been?
    15 Have you done it yet?
    17 I'm looking forward to that.
    8 He's to come too.
    16 I'll do it asap.
    10 Can you give me a lift?
    6 It made him angry.
    14 We had the house built.
    2 I don't get it.

    Speeding spiːdɪŋ je překročení povolené rychlosti (speed - rychlost). Speeding ticket je pokuta za rychlost. Např.: He got a speeding ticket. - Dostal pokutu za rychlost.

    Exercise 2

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    • Poslechněte si nahrávku a určete, zda je tvrzení pravdivé (true), nebo nepravdivé (false).

    5 New Yorkers are known to walk a lot around the city.
    6 Both the British and Americans like to use trains.
    4 Americans mostly buy cars made in the US.
    1 Bob was fined 400 dollars for driving too fast.
    3 They usually don't leave a tip in British pubs.
    2 John had an accident, but it wasn't his fault.
    7 Some 5 million people travel on the tube every day in London.
    8 The number of yellow cabs in New York is about 13.5 thousand.

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte odpovídající výroky.

    • 1 I'll keep it on.
    • 2 I won't keep you long.
    • 3 He broke up with her.
    • 4 I'll find out.
    • 5 He made it up.
    • 6 I'll catch up with you.
    • 7 He's missing her.
    • 8 He was fired.
    • a Chybí mu.
    • d Rozešel se s ní.
    • g Nezdržím tě dlouho.
    • b Doženu vás.
    • g Zjistím to.
    • e Nechám si to na sobě.
    • f Vymyslel si to.
    • c Dostal vyhazov.

    Exercise 4

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    2 How long will it ask/take/keep to get there? - About an hour.
    3 Jane and Bob prepared it himself/themselves/ourselves.
    5 Did you get my e-mail? - Yes, but I haven't red/read/readed it yet.
    9 I'm sorry of/at/about that. I did it by/on/of mistake.
    4 He wasn't supposed to know. You couldn't/shouldn't/wouldn't have told him.
    1 Most from/of/in them didn't know.
    10 I usually go in/in/by car, but we met in/at/on the bus.
    8 They took in/off/out a loan to buy a car.
    7 Come out/on/at. Hurry up! We'll be late.
    6 Could you take/get/pick me up at the airport tomorrow?

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte členy, some nebo any, kde třeba.

    9 Would you like more cake? - Yes. I haven't had yet.
    2 Are there other ways? I can't think of .
    8 I saw it on TV yesterday when I was watching news.
    6 Can you give me hand? - I don't have time for that.
    5 Have wine! - Thanks, I don't drink alcohol.
    1 Is there place where we could have dinner?
    12 He's American who makes lot of money.
    11 A boy from US met girl from Europe.
    14 I had busy day at work. I'm going to bed.
    3 Can you lend me money? - I don't have money.
    13 Take meat out of bag and put it in fridge.
    4 I bought new car. - What did you do with old one?
    10 USA and Canada are almost same size.
    7 I had accident when driving to work this morning.

    Exercise 6

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    • Doplňte překlady vět.

    5 Doufám, že ne. I hope .
    11 To jídlo se může zkazit. The food may bad.
    8 Pokud vím... As as I know ...
    1 Chystám se k odchodu. I'm to leave.
    7 Kolikrát jsi to už viděl? How many have you seen it?
    14 Co tím myslíte? What do you by that?
    12 Počkám, až přijde. I'll wait him to come.
    13 Bude to hotovo do pátku. It'll be finished Friday.
    4 Budete muset počkat. You'll wait.
    6 Kolik peněz tam je? How money is there?
    3 Je mi to jedno. I don't (about it).
    9 Neměl bys mu o tom říkat. You tell him.
    2 Byli jsme okradeni. We were .
    10 Lepší by bylo počkat. It better to wait.

    Exercise 7

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    • Spojte související výroky.

    • 1 He had a house built ...
    • 2 I'll tell her about it ...
    • 3 I've been learning English ...
    • 4 I tried to call him ...
    • 5 We had to wait ...
    • 6 I'm really sorry about ...
    • 7 I had a car accident ...
    • 8 He was fined 500 dollars ...
    • a for about two years now.
    • b what happened to her.
    • d but it wasn't my fault.
    • e but he isn't answering the phone.
    • c but he sold it soon after.
    • g until they came back.
    • f which made him angry.
    • h although she shouldn't know.

    Exercise 8

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    6 I'm feeling unwell. I'll have to see/meet/reach a doctor.
    1 Are you looking forward to it? - Yes, I can't stay/afford/wait to see it.
    3 He's a year younger, but he's a head longer/taller/higher than me.
    9 There will be no meeting. It was called out/away/off.
    10 I sent it at/to/in his e-mail address at/on/by accident.
    7 Don't give up. You must stay/keep/last trying.
    11 I came at/across/about an interesting article.
    2 What's up, man? Long time no sea/see/say. How've you been?
    8 I'm in a hurry. I must catch/reach/have the bus.
    13 We didn't meet on/at/by chance. We agreed to meet/meeting/met.
    5 Are you hungry? - Not right/really/hardly. But I'm thirsty.
    4 I'm trying! - I know but you must try stronger/harder/heavier!
    12 I met her in/on/at the bus although I usually go on/in/by car.

    Předložka by také znamená kolem, vedle (o pohybu). Např.: A police car went by. - Kolem projelo policejní auto. Stop by je hovorově stavit se (za někým).

    Exercise 9

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    • Doplňte druhou větu tak, aby měla opačný význam.

    1 I have to work tomorrow. - I'm taking a day tomorrow.
    3 She needn't know about it. - She know about it.
    5 You must take off your glasses. - You must put your glasses.
    4 I threw it away. - I it.
    7 The computer is still on. - The computer is .
    9 It cost at least 300. - It cost at 300.
    6 You can get there by car. - You have to there.
    8 Don't bring him with you. - Feel to bring him with you.
    13 They helped me do it. - I did it .
    10 I like both beer and wine. - I like beer wine.
    12 She calmed him down. - She made him .
    2 He's found a job. - He was .
    15 He does hardly any work. - He works really .
    11 It's getting better. - It's getting .
    14 What time do you go to bed? - What time do you up?

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte správné tvary slovesa v nápovědě.

    5 The house was sell for 20.000.
    4 He's speak to her.
    8 He have an accident and was take to hospital.
    3 I've bring some wine.
    6 She was hit by a car.
    7 They meet years ago and become friends.
    1 Where be you last night?
    10 He be here a moment ago and he leave a message for you.
    2 I haven't see you for ages!
    9 I give it to him and I think he keep it.

    Slovo left znamená též zbylý. Užívá se hlavně ve spojení be left - zbýt, zbývat. Např.: There's nothing left. - Nic nezbylo., I don't have much money left. - Už mi nezbývá moc peněz. ap.

    Exercise 11

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    • Doplňte správnou předložku.

    6 Don't worry that. I'll take care it.
    12 Thank you so much. It's so nice you.
    1 Only one 20 Americans don't have a car.
    10 What disease did he die ? It's not known.
    4 He'll be back ten minutes. You can wait him.
    7 Who'll be looking the kids when she's gone?
    11 Do you have it you? - No, I left it work.
    2 I'll see you Monday 4 p.m.
    9 Look these two. Is there any difference them?
    3 I'm too tired. I can't go .
    5 We'll meet Christmas Eve at 7 p.m. my place.
    8 They spend all their money food and clothes.

    Američané často jako výraz díků říkají: I appreciate it. - Vážím si toho., Oceňuji to. (appreciate əˈpriːʃɪˌeɪt - oceňovat, vážit si)

    Exercise 12

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    • Utvořte otázky. Ptejte se na zvýrazněná slova.

    1 He left for work an hour ago.
    7 It cost me over 500 dollars.
    4 I told Bob and Jane about it.
    9 He drank five beers.
    3 Nobody else knows about it.
    8 I haven't sent it yet.
    2 I've been waiting for an hour.
    6 I've known her for 2 years.
    10 I've been learning English for a year.
    5 We'll spend the weekend at the seaside.

    Exercise 13

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    • Doplňte překlady vět pomocí trpného rodu.

    7 Toto slovo se často neužívá. This word often.
    2 Bude povýšena. She'll .
    8 Článek napsala dívka. The article by a girl.
    1 Ukradli mu auto. His car .
    5 Postavili 3 nové domy. Three new houses .
    9 Vzali ho na vysokou. He to college.
    11 Viděli ji, jak odchází. She leaving.
    12 Našli ji o týden později. She a week later.
    3 Mohli by ho vyhodit z práce. He could .
    4 Srazilo je nákladní auto. They by a truck.
    10 Ví se o něm, že je bohatý. He to be rich.
    6 Tato auta se vyrábí v Japonsku. These cars in Japan.

    I'm flattered. ˈflætəd nebo též I feel flattered. je česky Jsem polichocen.

    Exercise 14

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu tvary slovesa do nebo make.

    11 He a lot of money last year.
    13 This dress me look fat.
    6 We can't without their help.
    15 it sense to you?
    12 I only have 20 dollars. Will it ?
    7 They a lot of damage when they broke in.
    4 How did you at school? Were you a good student?
    9 These photos me want to go on holiday.
    10 Please your best. It's very important.
    2 I've a big mistake.
    5 I'm running late. I won't it in time.
    3 Stop fun of me!
    8 I need to a phone call.
    1 Have you your homework?
    14 He it to her angry.

    Exercise 15

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    • Doplňte odpovědi pomocí slovesa z otázky.

    5 How long did you spend there? - We a week there.
    10 Did you write down his name? - No, I his number.
    8 Did you understand him? - I only a few words.
    6 How many times did you try it? - I it at least five times.
    9 How did you feel when you found out? - I really bad.
    4 When did they send it? - They it last night.
    1 Where did you go on holiday? - We to the seaside.
    7 Did you buy any wine? - No, I only food.
    2 When did he lose his job? - He his job last year.
    3 Did you get my message? - No, I no message.

    Exercise 16

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    • Doplňte správnou předložku.

    8 She used to work a teacher.
    12 We'are all very sorry her death.
    2 We'll meet the airport.
    3 I'm leaving Paris tomorrow.
    1 Have you ever been the USA?
    10 It was a secret meeting. They met closed doors.
    11 It's not for kids. You must be 18 years old to buy it.
    9 It looks you are having a great time.
    5 It's too hot inside. I'll wait the pub.
    7 I'm tired listening to them. I'm leaving.
    6 I got it Christmas a friend of mine.
    4 It's very hot. The temperature is 30 degrees.

    Spojení feel sorry for se užívá, když někoho litujete, be sorry for hlavně při omluvě za svůj čin ap., ale be sorry about se užije o situaci či něčem, co nastalo. Např.: I felt sorry for him. - Bylo mi ho líto., I'm sorry for disturbing you. - Promiňte, že vás ruším. ALE I'm sorry about that. - To mě mrzí. Sorry se může vázat i s infinitivem. Např.: We're sorry to inform you ... - S politováním vám oznamujeme...

    Exercise 17

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    • Napište věty, které uslyšíte. Neužívejte stažené tvary. (Pište celými slovy.)

    8
    3
    2
    7
    10
    1
    6
    5
    9
    4

    Exercise 18

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    • Spojte výroky, které mají opačný význam.

    • 1 He's jobless.
    • 2 He made her angry.
    • 3 He's in good health.
    • 4 I'm enjoying it.
    • 5 He died there.
    • 6 I don't care about her.
    • 7 I have two siblings.
    • 8 I'm really hungry.
    • f He calmed her down.
    • b I'm tired of it.
    • a He's seriously ill.
    • h He was born there.
    • c I've eaten.
    • g I'm crazy about her.
    • d I'm an only child.
    • e He's employed.

    Exercise 19

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    • Doplňte větu posunutou do minulého času s užitím časové souslednosti.

    8 He says he was there. - He said he there.
    6 She says she'll help us. - She said she help us.
    10 I know what he's going to do. - I knew what he going to do.
    2 I'm afraid they're lost. - I was afraid they lost.
    4 I suppose you know that. - I supposed you that.
    7 I believe he forgot about it. - I believed he it.
    3 I'm sure they have it. - I was sure they it.
    1 I think she is there. - I thought she there.
    5 I hope you'll come. - I hoped you come.
    9 I don't know who did it. - I didn't know who it.

    Exercise 20

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    • Přeložte. Použijte nápovědu.

    5 Neviděl jsem ho už měsíce.
    for months
    4 Už odešli.
    already
    2 Už jsi to poslal?
    yet
    1 Díváme se právě na film.
    just
    10 Zkus to ještě jednou.
    again; more
    9 Dám si ještě jedno pivo.
    more
    3 Právě jsem to dodělal.
    just
    8 Co ještě bych měl udělat?
    else
    7 To bude ještě dražší.
    even
    6 Ještě jsem to nečetl.
    yet

    Exercise 21

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    • Doplňte překlady pomocí frázových sloves.

    4 Řekni mu, ať se uklidní. Tell him to down.
    9 Vydržte chvilku. Hold a minute.
    1 Už jsem zjistil, kolik to stojí. I've out how much it costs.
    3 Chtějí si užít (života). They want to it up.
    11 Můžeme to odložit? Can we it off?
    14 (Dávej) pozor! Watch !
    6 Ceny domů vzrostly o... House prices up by ...
    13 Vyrazíme brzy ráno. We'll out early.
    8 Letadlo už odstartovalo. The plane has off.
    12 Došel mi benzín. I've out of petrol.
    7 Mám pustit televizi? Shall I on the TV?
    5 Musím se přihlásit v hotelu. I must in at the hotel.
    10 Čti dál. on reading.
    2 Měl by nechat kouření. He should up smoking.

    Frázové sloveso go for má několik významů. Jeden z nejběžnějších je vybrat si nebo rozhodnout se pro. Např.: I'd go for this one. - Já bych si vybral tento. Ve významu platit pro... se užívá go for stejně jako sloveso apply to əˈplaɪˌtuː. Např.: That goes for you too., That applies to you too. - To platí i pro tebe. ap.

    Jaywalking ˈdʒeɪˌwɔːkɪŋ je neukázněné přecházení silnice. Termín jaywalker ˈdʒeɪˌwɔːkə je neukázněný chodec (přecházející na červenou, mimo přechod ap.).

    Exercise 23

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    • Vyberte správné slovo podle výkladu.

    9 An old person who doesn't work anymore is wrapped/retired/admitted.
    7 When someone takes your things away, you are broken/robbed/stolen.
    2 When you get divorced/married/bored you become a husband and wife.
    4 If you want to eat healthily, you should get/avoid/order junk food.
    5 To get a driving licence, you must first make/get/pass a driving test.
    10 The part of a street used for walking is called the jaywalk/sidewalk/walker.
    3 When a meeting is to take place later, it is put out/away/off.
    8 When you give someone food, you say: Welcome/Cheers/Help yourself.
    1 When two people are not a couple any more, they break up/down/in.
    6 When you get well again after being ill, you have tired/recovered/fainted.
    11 When you've done something many times and you have no problem doing it, you are used to/addicted to/interested in it.

    Obrat to hail a taxi znamená zastavit si taxi (mávnutím). Podobně se užívá fráze wave down a taxi (wave weɪv - mávnout, zamávat).

    Exercise 24

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    • Doplňte překlady.

    1 Zamilovala se do něho. She in love with him.
    8 Odjíždím v pátek ráno. I'm leaving Friday morning.
    3 To zní zajímavě. That interesting.
    10 Bude to stát spoustu peněz. It'll cost a of money.
    13 Jeďte po této cestě. Go this road.
    9 Byla okradena dvěma muži. She by two men.
    6 Zvykl jsem si na to. I used to it.
    4 Mám (moc) rád italské jídlo. I'm of Italian food.
    5 Nechám to na vás. I'll it up to you.
    2 Doufejme, že to vyjde. Let's hope it'll off.
    7 Nejezdím po městě autem. I don't drive the city.
    11 Mám raději čaj než kávu. I tea to coffee.
    14 Ať neodchází! Don't him go!
    12 Vyzvednu tě na letišti. I'll you up at the airport.

    Ať v rozkazu lze také někdy přeložit pomocí obratu make sure (that) (ujisti se/zajisti, že...) Např.: Make sure you don't lose it. - Ať to neztratíš., Make sure he doesn't break it. - Ať to nerozbije. ap.

    Exercise 25

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    • Přeložte. Použijte nápovědu.

    8 To by bylo skvělé!
    great
    10 Rádi bychom si objednali.
    order
    13 To nevadí.
    mind
    11 Platím já! (pití ap.)
    buy
    14 To rád slyším.
    glad
    6 Nechce se mi tam jít.
    feel like
    3 Pokud vím, tak tady není.
    as far as
    5 Co takhle si dát pivo?
    pint
    9 Změnil jsem názor.
    mind
    12 Neslyším vás.
    can
    7 Nejsem z toho zrovna nadšený.
    crazy
    2 Dám vám vědět co nejdřív.
    as soon as
    1 Nevím, jak dlouho to potrvá.
    take
    4 To je ale překvapení!
    surprise

    Pozor na slovo frekventovaný při překladu do angličtiny! Ve významu častý je to frequent. Chcete-li ale říct, že je něco často navštěvované nebo je zde velký provoz, užije se frequented frɪˈkwεntɪd. Např.: frequented road - frekventovaná silnice.

    Exercise 26

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    • Přeložte.

    19 Všechno nejlepší k narozeninám!
    12 Ještě nepřišel.
    4 Co se děje?
    14 Kdybych to měl, dal bych ti to.
    5 Nevěděl jsem o tom.
    16 Bydlím tady už deset let.
    17 Jak dlouho už tady čekáte?
    15 Nikdy jsem v Londýně nebyl.
    11 Musel jsem tam jít.
    7 Nebudu moci přijít.
    2 Mám zpoždění.
    13 Nechám to na vás.
    3 Dlouho vás nezdržím.
    10 Nemusíte platit.
    8 Nesmíš to nikomu říct.
    20 Hodně štěstí!
    18 Učím se anglicky už dva roky.
    6 Postarám se o to.
    9 Co ještě potřebujete?
    1 Máte pravdu.

    Sidewalk je americký termín. V Británii pro chodník užívají pavement ˈpeɪvmənt! V americké angličtině je ale pavement zpevněná vozovka (asfaltovaný povrch ap.).

    Připoutat se (v autě ap.) se hlavně v americké angličtině hovorově řekne buckle up ˈbʌkəlˌʌp. Např.: Buckle up! - Připoutej(te) se!

    Pozor! Slovo police se v angličtině chová jako podstatné jméno v množném čísle, tedy: The police are ..., The police have ... ap.! Např. The police are after him. - Jde po něm policie., Police say that ... - Policie říká, že...