Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Přeložte.

    13 Have we met (before)?
    19 I was fined for speeding.
    2 I don't get it.
    17 I'm looking forward to that.
    15 Have you done it yet?
    4 They differ in many ways.
    8 He's to come too.
    10 Can you give me a lift?
    6 It made him angry.
    11 I'll do my best.
    12 I'd love to, but I can't.
    3 It's getting worse.
    9 What was I supposed to do?
    5 He has no sense of humour.
    14 We had the house built.
    7 He's known her for years.
    18 I've been taking driving lessons.
    16 I'll do it asap.
    1 How've you been?

    Speeding spiːdɪŋ je překročení povolené rychlosti (speed - rychlost). Speeding ticket je pokuta za rychlost. Např.: He got a speeding ticket. - Dostal pokutu za rychlost.

    Exercise 2

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    • Poslechněte si nahrávku a určete, zda je tvrzení pravdivé (true), nebo nepravdivé (false).

    8 The number of yellow cabs in New York is about 13.5 thousand.
    5 New Yorkers are known to walk a lot around the city.
    2 John had an accident, but it wasn't his fault.
    1 Bob was fined 400 dollars for driving too fast.
    6 Both the British and Americans like to use trains.
    3 They usually don't leave a tip in British pubs.
    7 Some 5 million people travel on the tube every day in London.
    4 Americans mostly buy cars made in the US.

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte odpovídající výroky.

    • 1 I'll keep it on.
    • 2 I won't keep you long.
    • 3 He broke up with her.
    • 4 I'll find out.
    • 5 He made it up.
    • 6 I'll catch up with you.
    • 7 He's missing her.
    • 8 He was fired.
    • g Nezdržím tě dlouho.
    • c Dostal vyhazov.
    • d Rozešel se s ní.
    • a Chybí mu.
    • g Zjistím to.
    • e Nechám si to na sobě.
    • f Vymyslel si to.
    • b Doženu vás.

    Exercise 4

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    1 Most from/of/in them didn't know.
    2 How long will it ask/take/keep to get there? - About an hour.
    3 Jane and Bob prepared it himself/themselves/ourselves.
    8 They took in/off/out a loan to buy a car.
    4 He wasn't supposed to know. You couldn't/shouldn't/wouldn't have told him.
    9 I'm sorry of/at/about that. I did it by/on/of mistake.
    7 Come out/on/at. Hurry up! We'll be late.
    6 Could you take/get/pick me up at the airport tomorrow?
    5 Did you get my e-mail? - Yes, but I haven't red/read/readed it yet.
    10 I usually go in/in/by car, but we met in/at/on the bus.

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte členy, some nebo any, kde třeba.

    9 Would you like more cake? - Yes. I haven't had yet.
    10 USA and Canada are almost same size.
    13 Take meat out of bag and put it in fridge.
    6 Can you give me hand? - I don't have time for that.
    11 A boy from US met girl from Europe.
    14 I had busy day at work. I'm going to bed.
    4 I bought new car. - What did you do with old one?
    5 Have wine! - Thanks, I don't drink alcohol.
    2 Are there other ways? I can't think of .
    3 Can you lend me money? - I don't have money.
    8 I saw it on TV yesterday when I was watching news.
    12 He's American who makes lot of money.
    1 Is there place where we could have dinner?
    7 I had accident when driving to work this morning.

    Exercise 6

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    • Doplňte překlady vět.

    3 Je mi to jedno. I don't (about it).
    14 Co tím myslíte? What do you by that?
    11 To jídlo se může zkazit. The food may bad.
    1 Chystám se k odchodu. I'm to leave.
    8 Pokud vím... As as I know ...
    6 Kolik peněz tam je? How money is there?
    5 Doufám, že ne. I hope .
    10 Lepší by bylo počkat. It better to wait.
    13 Bude to hotovo do pátku. It'll be finished Friday.
    7 Kolikrát jsi to už viděl? How many have you seen it?
    9 Neměl bys mu o tom říkat. You tell him.
    2 Byli jsme okradeni. We were .
    12 Počkám, až přijde. I'll wait him to come.
    4 Budete muset počkat. You'll wait.

    Exercise 7

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    • Spojte související výroky.

    • 1 He had a house built ...
    • 2 I'll tell her about it ...
    • 3 I've been learning English ...
    • 4 I tried to call him ...
    • 5 We had to wait ...
    • 6 I'm really sorry about ...
    • 7 I had a car accident ...
    • 8 He was fined 500 dollars ...
    • e but he isn't answering the phone.
    • d but it wasn't my fault.
    • f which made him angry.
    • h although she shouldn't know.
    • a for about two years now.
    • b what happened to her.
    • g until they came back.
    • c but he sold it soon after.

    Exercise 8

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    4 I'm trying! - I know but you must try stronger/harder/heavier!
    11 I came at/across/about an interesting article.
    2 What's up, man? Long time no sea/see/say. How've you been?
    1 Are you looking forward to it? - Yes, I can't stay/afford/wait to see it.
    3 He's a year younger, but he's a head longer/taller/higher than me.
    5 Are you hungry? - Not right/really/hardly. But I'm thirsty.
    12 I met her in/on/at the bus although I usually go on/in/by car.
    13 We didn't meet on/at/by chance. We agreed to meet/meeting/met.
    10 I sent it at/to/in his e-mail address at/on/by accident.
    6 I'm feeling unwell. I'll have to see/meet/reach a doctor.
    7 Don't give up. You must stay/keep/last trying.
    9 There will be no meeting. It was called out/away/off.
    8 I'm in a hurry. I must catch/reach/have the bus.

    Předložka by také znamená kolem, vedle (o pohybu). Např.: A police car went by. - Kolem projelo policejní auto. Stop by je hovorově stavit se (za někým).

    Exercise 9

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    • Doplňte druhou větu tak, aby měla opačný význam.

    3 She needn't know about it. - She know about it.
    2 He's found a job. - He was .
    8 Don't bring him with you. - Feel to bring him with you.
    15 He does hardly any work. - He works really .
    11 It's getting better. - It's getting .
    12 She calmed him down. - She made him .
    1 I have to work tomorrow. - I'm taking a day tomorrow.
    14 What time do you go to bed? - What time do you up?
    9 It cost at least 300. - It cost at 300.
    10 I like both beer and wine. - I like beer wine.
    6 You can get there by car. - You have to there.
    5 You must take off your glasses. - You must put your glasses.
    13 They helped me do it. - I did it .
    4 I threw it away. - I it.
    7 The computer is still on. - The computer is .

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte správné tvary slovesa v nápovědě.

    1 Where be you last night?
    2 I haven't see you for ages!
    3 I've bring some wine.
    5 The house was sell for 20.000.
    8 He have an accident and was take to hospital.
    9 I give it to him and I think he keep it.
    6 She was hit by a car.
    4 He's speak to her.
    10 He be here a moment ago and he leave a message for you.
    7 They meet years ago and become friends.

    Slovo left znamená též zbylý. Užívá se hlavně ve spojení be left - zbýt, zbývat. Např.: There's nothing left. - Nic nezbylo., I don't have much money left. - Už mi nezbývá moc peněz. ap.

    Exercise 11

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    • Doplňte správnou předložku.

    2 I'll see you Monday 4 p.m.
    3 I'm too tired. I can't go .
    6 Don't worry that. I'll take care it.
    1 Only one 20 Americans don't have a car.
    9 Look these two. Is there any difference them?
    11 Do you have it you? - No, I left it work.
    4 He'll be back ten minutes. You can wait him.
    8 They spend all their money food and clothes.
    10 What disease did he die ? It's not known.
    5 We'll meet Christmas Eve at 7 p.m. my place.
    7 Who'll be looking the kids when she's gone?
    12 Thank you so much. It's so nice you.

    Američané často jako výraz díků říkají: I appreciate it. - Vážím si toho., Oceňuji to. (appreciate əˈpriːʃɪˌeɪt - oceňovat, vážit si)

    Exercise 12

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    • Utvořte otázky. Ptejte se na zvýrazněná slova.

    9 He drank five beers.
    4 I told Bob and Jane about it.
    3 Nobody else knows about it.
    7 It cost me over 500 dollars.
    5 We'll spend the weekend at the seaside.
    2 I've been waiting for an hour.
    6 I've known her for 2 years.
    1 He left for work an hour ago.
    8 I haven't sent it yet.
    10 I've been learning English for a year.

    Exercise 13

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    • Doplňte překlady vět pomocí trpného rodu.

    7 Toto slovo se často neužívá. This word often.
    2 Bude povýšena. She'll .
    6 Tato auta se vyrábí v Japonsku. These cars in Japan.
    11 Viděli ji, jak odchází. She leaving.
    1 Ukradli mu auto. His car .
    9 Vzali ho na vysokou. He to college.
    8 Článek napsala dívka. The article by a girl.
    3 Mohli by ho vyhodit z práce. He could .
    5 Postavili 3 nové domy. Three new houses .
    4 Srazilo je nákladní auto. They by a truck.
    12 Našli ji o týden později. She a week later.
    10 Ví se o něm, že je bohatý. He to be rich.

    I'm flattered. ˈflætəd nebo též I feel flattered. je česky Jsem polichocen.

    Exercise 14

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu tvary slovesa do nebo make.

    9 These photos me want to go on holiday.
    4 How did you at school? Were you a good student?
    8 I need to a phone call.
    6 We can't without their help.
    12 I only have 20 dollars. Will it ?
    3 Stop fun of me!
    10 Please your best. It's very important.
    7 They a lot of damage when they broke in.
    13 This dress me look fat.
    1 Have you your homework?
    11 He a lot of money last year.
    2 I've a big mistake.
    15 it sense to you?
    14 He it to her angry.
    5 I'm running late. I won't it in time.

    Exercise 15

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    • Doplňte odpovědi pomocí slovesa z otázky.

    7 Did you buy any wine? - No, I only food.
    6 How many times did you try it? - I it at least five times.
    8 Did you understand him? - I only a few words.
    2 When did he lose his job? - He his job last year.
    9 How did you feel when you found out? - I really bad.
    10 Did you write down his name? - No, I his number.
    4 When did they send it? - They it last night.
    1 Where did you go on holiday? - We to the seaside.
    5 How long did you spend there? - We a week there.
    3 Did you get my message? - No, I no message.

    Exercise 16

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    • Doplňte správnou předložku.

    5 It's too hot inside. I'll wait the pub.
    6 I got it Christmas a friend of mine.
    4 It's very hot. The temperature is 30 degrees.
    7 I'm tired listening to them. I'm leaving.
    2 We'll meet the airport.
    3 I'm leaving Paris tomorrow.
    9 It looks you are having a great time.
    1 Have you ever been the USA?
    8 She used to work a teacher.
    10 It was a secret meeting. They met closed doors.
    11 It's not for kids. You must be 18 years old to buy it.
    12 We'are all very sorry her death.

    Spojení feel sorry for se užívá, když někoho litujete, be sorry for hlavně při omluvě za svůj čin ap., ale be sorry about se užije o situaci či něčem, co nastalo. Např.: I felt sorry for him. - Bylo mi ho líto., I'm sorry for disturbing you. - Promiňte, že vás ruším. ALE I'm sorry about that. - To mě mrzí. Sorry se může vázat i s infinitivem. Např.: We're sorry to inform you ... - S politováním vám oznamujeme...

    Exercise 17

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    • Napište věty, které uslyšíte. Neužívejte stažené tvary. (Pište celými slovy.)

    2
    7
    5
    9
    6
    1
    3
    4
    8
    10

    Exercise 18

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    • Spojte výroky, které mají opačný význam.

    • 1 He's jobless.
    • 2 He made her angry.
    • 3 He's in good health.
    • 4 I'm enjoying it.
    • 5 He died there.
    • 6 I don't care about her.
    • 7 I have two siblings.
    • 8 I'm really hungry.
    • h He was born there.
    • b I'm tired of it.
    • a He's seriously ill.
    • f He calmed her down.
    • c I've eaten.
    • e He's employed.
    • g I'm crazy about her.
    • d I'm an only child.

    Exercise 19

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    • Doplňte větu posunutou do minulého času s užitím časové souslednosti.

    2 I'm afraid they're lost. - I was afraid they lost.
    8 He says he was there. - He said he there.
    9 I don't know who did it. - I didn't know who it.
    7 I believe he forgot about it. - I believed he it.
    3 I'm sure they have it. - I was sure they it.
    1 I think she is there. - I thought she there.
    4 I suppose you know that. - I supposed you that.
    5 I hope you'll come. - I hoped you come.
    10 I know what he's going to do. - I knew what he going to do.
    6 She says she'll help us. - She said she help us.

    Exercise 20

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    • Přeložte. Použijte nápovědu.

    8 Co ještě bych měl udělat?
    else
    4 Už odešli.
    already
    6 Ještě jsem to nečetl.
    yet
    1 Díváme se právě na film.
    just
    10 Zkus to ještě jednou.
    again; more
    3 Právě jsem to dodělal.
    just
    9 Dám si ještě jedno pivo.
    more
    2 Už jsi to poslal?
    yet
    5 Neviděl jsem ho už měsíce.
    for months
    7 To bude ještě dražší.
    even

    Exercise 21

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    • Doplňte překlady pomocí frázových sloves.

    10 Čti dál. on reading.
    3 Chtějí si užít (života). They want to it up.
    11 Můžeme to odložit? Can we it off?
    14 (Dávej) pozor! Watch !
    8 Letadlo už odstartovalo. The plane has off.
    5 Musím se přihlásit v hotelu. I must in at the hotel.
    13 Vyrazíme brzy ráno. We'll out early.
    1 Už jsem zjistil, kolik to stojí. I've out how much it costs.
    12 Došel mi benzín. I've out of petrol.
    7 Mám pustit televizi? Shall I on the TV?
    2 Měl by nechat kouření. He should up smoking.
    4 Řekni mu, ať se uklidní. Tell him to down.
    9 Vydržte chvilku. Hold a minute.
    6 Ceny domů vzrostly o... House prices up by ...

    Frázové sloveso go for má několik významů. Jeden z nejběžnějších je vybrat si nebo rozhodnout se pro. Např.: I'd go for this one. - Já bych si vybral tento. Ve významu platit pro... se užívá go for stejně jako sloveso apply to əˈplaɪˌtuː. Např.: That goes for you too., That applies to you too. - To platí i pro tebe. ap.

    Jaywalking ˈdʒeɪˌwɔːkɪŋ je neukázněné přecházení silnice. Termín jaywalker ˈdʒeɪˌwɔːkə je neukázněný chodec (přecházející na červenou, mimo přechod ap.).

    Exercise 23

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    • Vyberte správné slovo podle výkladu.

    11 When you've done something many times and you have no problem doing it, you are used to/addicted to/interested in it.
    7 When someone takes your things away, you are broken/robbed/stolen.
    9 An old person who doesn't work anymore is wrapped/retired/admitted.
    3 When a meeting is to take place later, it is put out/away/off.
    5 To get a driving licence, you must first make/get/pass a driving test.
    10 The part of a street used for walking is called the jaywalk/sidewalk/walker.
    1 When two people are not a couple any more, they break up/down/in.
    2 When you get divorced/married/bored you become a husband and wife.
    6 When you get well again after being ill, you have tired/recovered/fainted.
    4 If you want to eat healthily, you should get/avoid/order junk food.
    8 When you give someone food, you say: Welcome/Cheers/Help yourself.

    Obrat to hail a taxi znamená zastavit si taxi (mávnutím). Podobně se užívá fráze wave down a taxi (wave weɪv - mávnout, zamávat).

    Exercise 24

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    • Doplňte překlady.

    12 Vyzvednu tě na letišti. I'll you up at the airport.
    7 Nejezdím po městě autem. I don't drive the city.
    3 To zní zajímavě. That interesting.
    2 Doufejme, že to vyjde. Let's hope it'll off.
    5 Nechám to na vás. I'll it up to you.
    8 Odjíždím v pátek ráno. I'm leaving Friday morning.
    13 Jeďte po této cestě. Go this road.
    9 Byla okradena dvěma muži. She by two men.
    1 Zamilovala se do něho. She in love with him.
    4 Mám (moc) rád italské jídlo. I'm of Italian food.
    6 Zvykl jsem si na to. I used to it.
    11 Mám raději čaj než kávu. I tea to coffee.
    14 Ať neodchází! Don't him go!
    10 Bude to stát spoustu peněz. It'll cost a of money.

    Ať v rozkazu lze také někdy přeložit pomocí obratu make sure (that) (ujisti se/zajisti, že...) Např.: Make sure you don't lose it. - Ať to neztratíš., Make sure he doesn't break it. - Ať to nerozbije. ap.

    Exercise 25

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    • Přeložte. Použijte nápovědu.

    5 Co takhle si dát pivo?
    pint
    8 To by bylo skvělé!
    great
    11 Platím já! (pití ap.)
    buy
    9 Změnil jsem názor.
    mind
    2 Dám vám vědět co nejdřív.
    as soon as
    7 Nejsem z toho zrovna nadšený.
    crazy
    12 Neslyším vás.
    can
    4 To je ale překvapení!
    surprise
    13 To nevadí.
    mind
    1 Nevím, jak dlouho to potrvá.
    take
    3 Pokud vím, tak tady není.
    as far as
    10 Rádi bychom si objednali.
    order
    14 To rád slyším.
    glad
    6 Nechce se mi tam jít.
    feel like

    Pozor na slovo frekventovaný při překladu do angličtiny! Ve významu častý je to frequent. Chcete-li ale říct, že je něco často navštěvované nebo je zde velký provoz, užije se frequented frɪˈkwεntɪd. Např.: frequented road - frekventovaná silnice.

    Exercise 26

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    • Přeložte.

    10 Nemusíte platit.
    1 Máte pravdu.
    7 Nebudu moci přijít.
    20 Hodně štěstí!
    5 Nevěděl jsem o tom.
    15 Nikdy jsem v Londýně nebyl.
    13 Nechám to na vás.
    3 Dlouho vás nezdržím.
    2 Mám zpoždění.
    17 Jak dlouho už tady čekáte?
    11 Musel jsem tam jít.
    4 Co se děje?
    18 Učím se anglicky už dva roky.
    14 Kdybych to měl, dal bych ti to.
    16 Bydlím tady už deset let.
    12 Ještě nepřišel.
    19 Všechno nejlepší k narozeninám!
    8 Nesmíš to nikomu říct.
    9 Co ještě potřebujete?
    6 Postarám se o to.

    Sidewalk je americký termín. V Británii pro chodník užívají pavement ˈpeɪvmənt! V americké angličtině je ale pavement zpevněná vozovka (asfaltovaný povrch ap.).

    Připoutat se (v autě ap.) se hlavně v americké angličtině hovorově řekne buckle up ˈbʌkəlˌʌp. Např.: Buckle up! - Připoutej(te) se!

    Pozor! Slovo police se v angličtině chová jako podstatné jméno v množném čísle, tedy: The police are ..., The police have ... ap.! Např. The police are after him. - Jde po něm policie., Police say that ... - Policie říká, že...