Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Přeložte.

    3 It's getting worse.
    5 He has no sense of humour.
    11 I'll do my best.
    1 How've you been?
    9 What was I supposed to do?
    6 It made him angry.
    12 I'd love to, but I can't.
    8 He's to come too.
    2 I don't get it.
    18 I've been taking driving lessons.
    4 They differ in many ways.
    14 We had the house built.
    7 He's known her for years.
    16 I'll do it asap.
    10 Can you give me a lift?
    13 Have we met (before)?
    19 I was fined for speeding.
    15 Have you done it yet?
    17 I'm looking forward to that.

    Speeding spiːdɪŋ je překročení povolené rychlosti (speed - rychlost). Speeding ticket je pokuta za rychlost. Např.: He got a speeding ticket. - Dostal pokutu za rychlost.

    Exercise 2

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    • Poslechněte si nahrávku a určete, zda je tvrzení pravdivé (true), nebo nepravdivé (false).

    6 Both the British and Americans like to use trains.
    8 The number of yellow cabs in New York is about 13.5 thousand.
    1 Bob was fined 400 dollars for driving too fast.
    5 New Yorkers are known to walk a lot around the city.
    7 Some 5 million people travel on the tube every day in London.
    4 Americans mostly buy cars made in the US.
    2 John had an accident, but it wasn't his fault.
    3 They usually don't leave a tip in British pubs.

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte odpovídající výroky.

    • 1 I'll keep it on.
    • 2 I won't keep you long.
    • 3 He broke up with her.
    • 4 I'll find out.
    • 5 He made it up.
    • 6 I'll catch up with you.
    • 7 He's missing her.
    • 8 He was fired.
    • g Nezdržím tě dlouho.
    • f Vymyslel si to.
    • e Nechám si to na sobě.
    • d Rozešel se s ní.
    • b Doženu vás.
    • c Dostal vyhazov.
    • a Chybí mu.
    • g Zjistím to.

    Exercise 4

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    4 He wasn't supposed to know. You couldn't/shouldn't/wouldn't have told him.
    2 How long will it ask/take/keep to get there? - About an hour.
    8 They took in/off/out a loan to buy a car.
    3 Jane and Bob prepared it himself/themselves/ourselves.
    5 Did you get my e-mail? - Yes, but I haven't red/read/readed it yet.
    10 I usually go in/in/by car, but we met in/at/on the bus.
    9 I'm sorry of/at/about that. I did it by/on/of mistake.
    7 Come out/on/at. Hurry up! We'll be late.
    1 Most from/of/in them didn't know.
    6 Could you take/get/pick me up at the airport tomorrow?

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte členy, some nebo any, kde třeba.

    14 I had busy day at work. I'm going to bed.
    1 Is there place where we could have dinner?
    7 I had accident when driving to work this morning.
    3 Can you lend me money? - I don't have money.
    10 USA and Canada are almost same size.
    4 I bought new car. - What did you do with old one?
    6 Can you give me hand? - I don't have time for that.
    8 I saw it on TV yesterday when I was watching news.
    5 Have wine! - Thanks, I don't drink alcohol.
    2 Are there other ways? I can't think of .
    11 A boy from US met girl from Europe.
    12 He's American who makes lot of money.
    13 Take meat out of bag and put it in fridge.
    9 Would you like more cake? - Yes. I haven't had yet.

    Exercise 6

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    • Doplňte překlady vět.

    12 Počkám, až přijde. I'll wait him to come.
    7 Kolikrát jsi to už viděl? How many have you seen it?
    9 Neměl bys mu o tom říkat. You tell him.
    6 Kolik peněz tam je? How money is there?
    1 Chystám se k odchodu. I'm to leave.
    13 Bude to hotovo do pátku. It'll be finished Friday.
    3 Je mi to jedno. I don't (about it).
    8 Pokud vím... As as I know ...
    2 Byli jsme okradeni. We were .
    11 To jídlo se může zkazit. The food may bad.
    4 Budete muset počkat. You'll wait.
    10 Lepší by bylo počkat. It better to wait.
    14 Co tím myslíte? What do you by that?
    5 Doufám, že ne. I hope .

    Exercise 7

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    • Spojte související výroky.

    • 1 He had a house built ...
    • 2 I'll tell her about it ...
    • 3 I've been learning English ...
    • 4 I tried to call him ...
    • 5 We had to wait ...
    • 6 I'm really sorry about ...
    • 7 I had a car accident ...
    • 8 He was fined 500 dollars ...
    • h although she shouldn't know.
    • g until they came back.
    • c but he sold it soon after.
    • b what happened to her.
    • a for about two years now.
    • d but it wasn't my fault.
    • e but he isn't answering the phone.
    • f which made him angry.

    Exercise 8

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    3 He's a year younger, but he's a head longer/taller/higher than me.
    6 I'm feeling unwell. I'll have to see/meet/reach a doctor.
    2 What's up, man? Long time no sea/see/say. How've you been?
    1 Are you looking forward to it? - Yes, I can't stay/afford/wait to see it.
    8 I'm in a hurry. I must catch/reach/have the bus.
    4 I'm trying! - I know but you must try stronger/harder/heavier!
    5 Are you hungry? - Not right/really/hardly. But I'm thirsty.
    12 I met her in/on/at the bus although I usually go on/in/by car.
    9 There will be no meeting. It was called out/away/off.
    7 Don't give up. You must stay/keep/last trying.
    10 I sent it at/to/in his e-mail address at/on/by accident.
    11 I came at/across/about an interesting article.
    13 We didn't meet on/at/by chance. We agreed to meet/meeting/met.

    Předložka by také znamená kolem, vedle (o pohybu). Např.: A police car went by. - Kolem projelo policejní auto. Stop by je hovorově stavit se (za někým).

    Exercise 9

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    • Doplňte druhou větu tak, aby měla opačný význam.

    1 I have to work tomorrow. - I'm taking a day tomorrow.
    8 Don't bring him with you. - Feel to bring him with you.
    7 The computer is still on. - The computer is .
    13 They helped me do it. - I did it .
    11 It's getting better. - It's getting .
    2 He's found a job. - He was .
    4 I threw it away. - I it.
    12 She calmed him down. - She made him .
    3 She needn't know about it. - She know about it.
    5 You must take off your glasses. - You must put your glasses.
    6 You can get there by car. - You have to there.
    10 I like both beer and wine. - I like beer wine.
    15 He does hardly any work. - He works really .
    14 What time do you go to bed? - What time do you up?
    9 It cost at least 300. - It cost at 300.

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte správné tvary slovesa v nápovědě.

    6 She was hit by a car.
    1 Where be you last night?
    3 I've bring some wine.
    4 He's speak to her.
    5 The house was sell for 20.000.
    7 They meet years ago and become friends.
    2 I haven't see you for ages!
    10 He be here a moment ago and he leave a message for you.
    9 I give it to him and I think he keep it.
    8 He have an accident and was take to hospital.

    Slovo left znamená též zbylý. Užívá se hlavně ve spojení be left - zbýt, zbývat. Např.: There's nothing left. - Nic nezbylo., I don't have much money left. - Už mi nezbývá moc peněz. ap.

    Exercise 11

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    • Doplňte správnou předložku.

    12 Thank you so much. It's so nice you.
    11 Do you have it you? - No, I left it work.
    10 What disease did he die ? It's not known.
    9 Look these two. Is there any difference them?
    7 Who'll be looking the kids when she's gone?
    5 We'll meet Christmas Eve at 7 p.m. my place.
    8 They spend all their money food and clothes.
    2 I'll see you Monday 4 p.m.
    6 Don't worry that. I'll take care it.
    4 He'll be back ten minutes. You can wait him.
    3 I'm too tired. I can't go .
    1 Only one 20 Americans don't have a car.

    Američané často jako výraz díků říkají: I appreciate it. - Vážím si toho., Oceňuji to. (appreciate əˈpriːʃɪˌeɪt - oceňovat, vážit si)

    Exercise 12

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    • Utvořte otázky. Ptejte se na zvýrazněná slova.

    2 I've been waiting for an hour.
    3 Nobody else knows about it.
    5 We'll spend the weekend at the seaside.
    4 I told Bob and Jane about it.
    7 It cost me over 500 dollars.
    10 I've been learning English for a year.
    8 I haven't sent it yet.
    9 He drank five beers.
    6 I've known her for 2 years.
    1 He left for work an hour ago.

    Exercise 13

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    • Doplňte překlady vět pomocí trpného rodu.

    6 Tato auta se vyrábí v Japonsku. These cars in Japan.
    1 Ukradli mu auto. His car .
    5 Postavili 3 nové domy. Three new houses .
    7 Toto slovo se často neužívá. This word often.
    4 Srazilo je nákladní auto. They by a truck.
    11 Viděli ji, jak odchází. She leaving.
    12 Našli ji o týden později. She a week later.
    9 Vzali ho na vysokou. He to college.
    2 Bude povýšena. She'll .
    8 Článek napsala dívka. The article by a girl.
    10 Ví se o něm, že je bohatý. He to be rich.
    3 Mohli by ho vyhodit z práce. He could .

    I'm flattered. ˈflætəd nebo též I feel flattered. je česky Jsem polichocen.

    Exercise 14

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu tvary slovesa do nebo make.

    12 I only have 20 dollars. Will it ?
    4 How did you at school? Were you a good student?
    8 I need to a phone call.
    7 They a lot of damage when they broke in.
    13 This dress me look fat.
    1 Have you your homework?
    11 He a lot of money last year.
    6 We can't without their help.
    2 I've a big mistake.
    3 Stop fun of me!
    15 it sense to you?
    5 I'm running late. I won't it in time.
    14 He it to her angry.
    10 Please your best. It's very important.
    9 These photos me want to go on holiday.

    Exercise 15

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    • Doplňte odpovědi pomocí slovesa z otázky.

    3 Did you get my message? - No, I no message.
    1 Where did you go on holiday? - We to the seaside.
    10 Did you write down his name? - No, I his number.
    5 How long did you spend there? - We a week there.
    9 How did you feel when you found out? - I really bad.
    2 When did he lose his job? - He his job last year.
    7 Did you buy any wine? - No, I only food.
    4 When did they send it? - They it last night.
    8 Did you understand him? - I only a few words.
    6 How many times did you try it? - I it at least five times.

    Exercise 16

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    • Doplňte správnou předložku.

    9 It looks you are having a great time.
    12 We'are all very sorry her death.
    11 It's not for kids. You must be 18 years old to buy it.
    4 It's very hot. The temperature is 30 degrees.
    10 It was a secret meeting. They met closed doors.
    2 We'll meet the airport.
    6 I got it Christmas a friend of mine.
    1 Have you ever been the USA?
    7 I'm tired listening to them. I'm leaving.
    5 It's too hot inside. I'll wait the pub.
    3 I'm leaving Paris tomorrow.
    8 She used to work a teacher.

    Spojení feel sorry for se užívá, když někoho litujete, be sorry for hlavně při omluvě za svůj čin ap., ale be sorry about se užije o situaci či něčem, co nastalo. Např.: I felt sorry for him. - Bylo mi ho líto., I'm sorry for disturbing you. - Promiňte, že vás ruším. ALE I'm sorry about that. - To mě mrzí. Sorry se může vázat i s infinitivem. Např.: We're sorry to inform you ... - S politováním vám oznamujeme...

    Exercise 17

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    • Napište věty, které uslyšíte. Neužívejte stažené tvary. (Pište celými slovy.)

    7
    5
    3
    8
    1
    6
    4
    2
    10
    9

    Exercise 18

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    • Spojte výroky, které mají opačný význam.

    • 1 He's jobless.
    • 2 He made her angry.
    • 3 He's in good health.
    • 4 I'm enjoying it.
    • 5 He died there.
    • 6 I don't care about her.
    • 7 I have two siblings.
    • 8 I'm really hungry.
    • a He's seriously ill.
    • b I'm tired of it.
    • c I've eaten.
    • f He calmed her down.
    • d I'm an only child.
    • e He's employed.
    • g I'm crazy about her.
    • h He was born there.

    Exercise 19

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    • Doplňte větu posunutou do minulého času s užitím časové souslednosti.

    10 I know what he's going to do. - I knew what he going to do.
    4 I suppose you know that. - I supposed you that.
    3 I'm sure they have it. - I was sure they it.
    7 I believe he forgot about it. - I believed he it.
    6 She says she'll help us. - She said she help us.
    8 He says he was there. - He said he there.
    5 I hope you'll come. - I hoped you come.
    9 I don't know who did it. - I didn't know who it.
    2 I'm afraid they're lost. - I was afraid they lost.
    1 I think she is there. - I thought she there.

    Exercise 20

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    • Přeložte. Použijte nápovědu.

    10 Zkus to ještě jednou.
    again; more
    5 Neviděl jsem ho už měsíce.
    for months
    6 Ještě jsem to nečetl.
    yet
    9 Dám si ještě jedno pivo.
    more
    3 Právě jsem to dodělal.
    just
    4 Už odešli.
    already
    1 Díváme se právě na film.
    just
    2 Už jsi to poslal?
    yet
    7 To bude ještě dražší.
    even
    8 Co ještě bych měl udělat?
    else

    Exercise 21

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    • Doplňte překlady pomocí frázových sloves.

    3 Chtějí si užít (života). They want to it up.
    1 Už jsem zjistil, kolik to stojí. I've out how much it costs.
    11 Můžeme to odložit? Can we it off?
    5 Musím se přihlásit v hotelu. I must in at the hotel.
    14 (Dávej) pozor! Watch !
    2 Měl by nechat kouření. He should up smoking.
    13 Vyrazíme brzy ráno. We'll out early.
    6 Ceny domů vzrostly o... House prices up by ...
    8 Letadlo už odstartovalo. The plane has off.
    9 Vydržte chvilku. Hold a minute.
    7 Mám pustit televizi? Shall I on the TV?
    4 Řekni mu, ať se uklidní. Tell him to down.
    10 Čti dál. on reading.
    12 Došel mi benzín. I've out of petrol.

    Frázové sloveso go for má několik významů. Jeden z nejběžnějších je vybrat si nebo rozhodnout se pro. Např.: I'd go for this one. - Já bych si vybral tento. Ve významu platit pro... se užívá go for stejně jako sloveso apply to əˈplaɪˌtuː. Např.: That goes for you too., That applies to you too. - To platí i pro tebe. ap.

    Jaywalking ˈdʒeɪˌwɔːkɪŋ je neukázněné přecházení silnice. Termín jaywalker ˈdʒeɪˌwɔːkə je neukázněný chodec (přecházející na červenou, mimo přechod ap.).

    Exercise 23

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    • Vyberte správné slovo podle výkladu.

    9 An old person who doesn't work anymore is wrapped/retired/admitted.
    6 When you get well again after being ill, you have tired/recovered/fainted.
    7 When someone takes your things away, you are broken/robbed/stolen.
    1 When two people are not a couple any more, they break up/down/in.
    3 When a meeting is to take place later, it is put out/away/off.
    8 When you give someone food, you say: Welcome/Cheers/Help yourself.
    4 If you want to eat healthily, you should get/avoid/order junk food.
    5 To get a driving licence, you must first make/get/pass a driving test.
    2 When you get divorced/married/bored you become a husband and wife.
    10 The part of a street used for walking is called the jaywalk/sidewalk/walker.
    11 When you've done something many times and you have no problem doing it, you are used to/addicted to/interested in it.

    Obrat to hail a taxi znamená zastavit si taxi (mávnutím). Podobně se užívá fráze wave down a taxi (wave weɪv - mávnout, zamávat).

    Exercise 24

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    • Doplňte překlady.

    14 Ať neodchází! Don't him go!
    4 Mám (moc) rád italské jídlo. I'm of Italian food.
    11 Mám raději čaj než kávu. I tea to coffee.
    7 Nejezdím po městě autem. I don't drive the city.
    8 Odjíždím v pátek ráno. I'm leaving Friday morning.
    1 Zamilovala se do něho. She in love with him.
    3 To zní zajímavě. That interesting.
    13 Jeďte po této cestě. Go this road.
    6 Zvykl jsem si na to. I used to it.
    10 Bude to stát spoustu peněz. It'll cost a of money.
    9 Byla okradena dvěma muži. She by two men.
    2 Doufejme, že to vyjde. Let's hope it'll off.
    12 Vyzvednu tě na letišti. I'll you up at the airport.
    5 Nechám to na vás. I'll it up to you.

    Ať v rozkazu lze také někdy přeložit pomocí obratu make sure (that) (ujisti se/zajisti, že...) Např.: Make sure you don't lose it. - Ať to neztratíš., Make sure he doesn't break it. - Ať to nerozbije. ap.

    Exercise 25

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    • Přeložte. Použijte nápovědu.

    4 To je ale překvapení!
    surprise
    2 Dám vám vědět co nejdřív.
    as soon as
    12 Neslyším vás.
    can
    9 Změnil jsem názor.
    mind
    8 To by bylo skvělé!
    great
    10 Rádi bychom si objednali.
    order
    14 To rád slyším.
    glad
    11 Platím já! (pití ap.)
    buy
    5 Co takhle si dát pivo?
    pint
    13 To nevadí.
    mind
    1 Nevím, jak dlouho to potrvá.
    take
    7 Nejsem z toho zrovna nadšený.
    crazy
    3 Pokud vím, tak tady není.
    as far as
    6 Nechce se mi tam jít.
    feel like

    Pozor na slovo frekventovaný při překladu do angličtiny! Ve významu častý je to frequent. Chcete-li ale říct, že je něco často navštěvované nebo je zde velký provoz, užije se frequented frɪˈkwεntɪd. Např.: frequented road - frekventovaná silnice.

    Exercise 26

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    • Přeložte.

    19 Všechno nejlepší k narozeninám!
    8 Nesmíš to nikomu říct.
    17 Jak dlouho už tady čekáte?
    10 Nemusíte platit.
    4 Co se děje?
    11 Musel jsem tam jít.
    16 Bydlím tady už deset let.
    20 Hodně štěstí!
    15 Nikdy jsem v Londýně nebyl.
    5 Nevěděl jsem o tom.
    1 Máte pravdu.
    13 Nechám to na vás.
    14 Kdybych to měl, dal bych ti to.
    2 Mám zpoždění.
    3 Dlouho vás nezdržím.
    6 Postarám se o to.
    18 Učím se anglicky už dva roky.
    12 Ještě nepřišel.
    9 Co ještě potřebujete?
    7 Nebudu moci přijít.

    Sidewalk je americký termín. V Británii pro chodník užívají pavement ˈpeɪvmənt! V americké angličtině je ale pavement zpevněná vozovka (asfaltovaný povrch ap.).

    Připoutat se (v autě ap.) se hlavně v americké angličtině hovorově řekne buckle up ˈbʌkəlˌʌp. Např.: Buckle up! - Připoutej(te) se!

    Pozor! Slovo police se v angličtině chová jako podstatné jméno v množném čísle, tedy: The police are ..., The police have ... ap.! Např. The police are after him. - Jde po něm policie., Police say that ... - Policie říká, že...