Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Přeložte.

    14 We had the house built.
    7 He's known her for years.
    10 Can you give me a lift?
    9 What was I supposed to do?
    11 I'll do my best.
    2 I don't get it.
    15 Have you done it yet?
    3 It's getting worse.
    16 I'll do it asap.
    18 I've been taking driving lessons.
    6 It made him angry.
    13 Have we met (before)?
    1 How've you been?
    17 I'm looking forward to that.
    12 I'd love to, but I can't.
    5 He has no sense of humour.
    8 He's to come too.
    19 I was fined for speeding.
    4 They differ in many ways.

    Speeding spiːdɪŋ je překročení povolené rychlosti (speed - rychlost). Speeding ticket je pokuta za rychlost. Např.: He got a speeding ticket. - Dostal pokutu za rychlost.

    Exercise 2

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    • Poslechněte si nahrávku a určete, zda je tvrzení pravdivé (true), nebo nepravdivé (false).

    1 Bob was fined 400 dollars for driving too fast.
    2 John had an accident, but it wasn't his fault.
    5 New Yorkers are known to walk a lot around the city.
    4 Americans mostly buy cars made in the US.
    3 They usually don't leave a tip in British pubs.
    8 The number of yellow cabs in New York is about 13.5 thousand.
    7 Some 5 million people travel on the tube every day in London.
    6 Both the British and Americans like to use trains.

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte odpovídající výroky.

    • 1 I'll keep it on.
    • 2 I won't keep you long.
    • 3 He broke up with her.
    • 4 I'll find out.
    • 5 He made it up.
    • 6 I'll catch up with you.
    • 7 He's missing her.
    • 8 He was fired.
    • g Zjistím to.
    • g Nezdržím tě dlouho.
    • c Dostal vyhazov.
    • e Nechám si to na sobě.
    • a Chybí mu.
    • d Rozešel se s ní.
    • b Doženu vás.
    • f Vymyslel si to.

    Exercise 4

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    3 Jane and Bob prepared it himself/themselves/ourselves.
    5 Did you get my e-mail? - Yes, but I haven't red/read/readed it yet.
    6 Could you take/get/pick me up at the airport tomorrow?
    4 He wasn't supposed to know. You couldn't/shouldn't/wouldn't have told him.
    9 I'm sorry of/at/about that. I did it by/on/of mistake.
    1 Most from/of/in them didn't know.
    2 How long will it ask/take/keep to get there? - About an hour.
    8 They took in/off/out a loan to buy a car.
    10 I usually go in/in/by car, but we met in/at/on the bus.
    7 Come out/on/at. Hurry up! We'll be late.

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte členy, some nebo any, kde třeba.

    5 Have wine! - Thanks, I don't drink alcohol.
    9 Would you like more cake? - Yes. I haven't had yet.
    4 I bought new car. - What did you do with old one?
    2 Are there other ways? I can't think of .
    6 Can you give me hand? - I don't have time for that.
    13 Take meat out of bag and put it in fridge.
    14 I had busy day at work. I'm going to bed.
    12 He's American who makes lot of money.
    1 Is there place where we could have dinner?
    11 A boy from US met girl from Europe.
    10 USA and Canada are almost same size.
    7 I had accident when driving to work this morning.
    3 Can you lend me money? - I don't have money.
    8 I saw it on TV yesterday when I was watching news.

    Exercise 6

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    • Doplňte překlady vět.

    5 Doufám, že ne. I hope .
    6 Kolik peněz tam je? How money is there?
    1 Chystám se k odchodu. I'm to leave.
    11 To jídlo se může zkazit. The food may bad.
    10 Lepší by bylo počkat. It better to wait.
    7 Kolikrát jsi to už viděl? How many have you seen it?
    8 Pokud vím... As as I know ...
    13 Bude to hotovo do pátku. It'll be finished Friday.
    12 Počkám, až přijde. I'll wait him to come.
    3 Je mi to jedno. I don't (about it).
    2 Byli jsme okradeni. We were .
    14 Co tím myslíte? What do you by that?
    9 Neměl bys mu o tom říkat. You tell him.
    4 Budete muset počkat. You'll wait.

    Exercise 7

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    • Spojte související výroky.

    • 1 He had a house built ...
    • 2 I'll tell her about it ...
    • 3 I've been learning English ...
    • 4 I tried to call him ...
    • 5 We had to wait ...
    • 6 I'm really sorry about ...
    • 7 I had a car accident ...
    • 8 He was fined 500 dollars ...
    • b what happened to her.
    • d but it wasn't my fault.
    • h although she shouldn't know.
    • c but he sold it soon after.
    • a for about two years now.
    • g until they came back.
    • f which made him angry.
    • e but he isn't answering the phone.

    Exercise 8

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    10 I sent it at/to/in his e-mail address at/on/by accident.
    7 Don't give up. You must stay/keep/last trying.
    12 I met her in/on/at the bus although I usually go on/in/by car.
    6 I'm feeling unwell. I'll have to see/meet/reach a doctor.
    2 What's up, man? Long time no sea/see/say. How've you been?
    8 I'm in a hurry. I must catch/reach/have the bus.
    11 I came at/across/about an interesting article.
    5 Are you hungry? - Not right/really/hardly. But I'm thirsty.
    3 He's a year younger, but he's a head longer/taller/higher than me.
    1 Are you looking forward to it? - Yes, I can't stay/afford/wait to see it.
    13 We didn't meet on/at/by chance. We agreed to meet/meeting/met.
    9 There will be no meeting. It was called out/away/off.
    4 I'm trying! - I know but you must try stronger/harder/heavier!

    Předložka by také znamená kolem, vedle (o pohybu). Např.: A police car went by. - Kolem projelo policejní auto. Stop by je hovorově stavit se (za někým).

    Exercise 9

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    • Doplňte druhou větu tak, aby měla opačný význam.

    2 He's found a job. - He was .
    9 It cost at least 300. - It cost at 300.
    12 She calmed him down. - She made him .
    8 Don't bring him with you. - Feel to bring him with you.
    6 You can get there by car. - You have to there.
    14 What time do you go to bed? - What time do you up?
    4 I threw it away. - I it.
    13 They helped me do it. - I did it .
    3 She needn't know about it. - She know about it.
    1 I have to work tomorrow. - I'm taking a day tomorrow.
    5 You must take off your glasses. - You must put your glasses.
    11 It's getting better. - It's getting .
    15 He does hardly any work. - He works really .
    10 I like both beer and wine. - I like beer wine.
    7 The computer is still on. - The computer is .

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte správné tvary slovesa v nápovědě.

    2 I haven't see you for ages!
    8 He have an accident and was take to hospital.
    9 I give it to him and I think he keep it.
    1 Where be you last night?
    5 The house was sell for 20.000.
    3 I've bring some wine.
    4 He's speak to her.
    6 She was hit by a car.
    10 He be here a moment ago and he leave a message for you.
    7 They meet years ago and become friends.

    Slovo left znamená též zbylý. Užívá se hlavně ve spojení be left - zbýt, zbývat. Např.: There's nothing left. - Nic nezbylo., I don't have much money left. - Už mi nezbývá moc peněz. ap.

    Exercise 11

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    • Doplňte správnou předložku.

    3 I'm too tired. I can't go .
    8 They spend all their money food and clothes.
    7 Who'll be looking the kids when she's gone?
    11 Do you have it you? - No, I left it work.
    1 Only one 20 Americans don't have a car.
    10 What disease did he die ? It's not known.
    6 Don't worry that. I'll take care it.
    9 Look these two. Is there any difference them?
    12 Thank you so much. It's so nice you.
    4 He'll be back ten minutes. You can wait him.
    5 We'll meet Christmas Eve at 7 p.m. my place.
    2 I'll see you Monday 4 p.m.

    Američané často jako výraz díků říkají: I appreciate it. - Vážím si toho., Oceňuji to. (appreciate əˈpriːʃɪˌeɪt - oceňovat, vážit si)

    Exercise 12

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    • Utvořte otázky. Ptejte se na zvýrazněná slova.

    10 I've been learning English for a year.
    7 It cost me over 500 dollars.
    5 We'll spend the weekend at the seaside.
    4 I told Bob and Jane about it.
    1 He left for work an hour ago.
    9 He drank five beers.
    6 I've known her for 2 years.
    2 I've been waiting for an hour.
    3 Nobody else knows about it.
    8 I haven't sent it yet.

    Exercise 13

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    • Doplňte překlady vět pomocí trpného rodu.

    3 Mohli by ho vyhodit z práce. He could .
    2 Bude povýšena. She'll .
    12 Našli ji o týden později. She a week later.
    5 Postavili 3 nové domy. Three new houses .
    6 Tato auta se vyrábí v Japonsku. These cars in Japan.
    10 Ví se o něm, že je bohatý. He to be rich.
    7 Toto slovo se často neužívá. This word often.
    11 Viděli ji, jak odchází. She leaving.
    1 Ukradli mu auto. His car .
    4 Srazilo je nákladní auto. They by a truck.
    9 Vzali ho na vysokou. He to college.
    8 Článek napsala dívka. The article by a girl.

    I'm flattered. ˈflætəd nebo též I feel flattered. je česky Jsem polichocen.

    Exercise 14

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu tvary slovesa do nebo make.

    2 I've a big mistake.
    3 Stop fun of me!
    4 How did you at school? Were you a good student?
    11 He a lot of money last year.
    1 Have you your homework?
    15 it sense to you?
    14 He it to her angry.
    12 I only have 20 dollars. Will it ?
    8 I need to a phone call.
    10 Please your best. It's very important.
    13 This dress me look fat.
    6 We can't without their help.
    9 These photos me want to go on holiday.
    5 I'm running late. I won't it in time.
    7 They a lot of damage when they broke in.

    Exercise 15

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    • Doplňte odpovědi pomocí slovesa z otázky.

    2 When did he lose his job? - He his job last year.
    6 How many times did you try it? - I it at least five times.
    5 How long did you spend there? - We a week there.
    7 Did you buy any wine? - No, I only food.
    10 Did you write down his name? - No, I his number.
    9 How did you feel when you found out? - I really bad.
    4 When did they send it? - They it last night.
    3 Did you get my message? - No, I no message.
    1 Where did you go on holiday? - We to the seaside.
    8 Did you understand him? - I only a few words.

    Exercise 16

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    • Doplňte správnou předložku.

    8 She used to work a teacher.
    9 It looks you are having a great time.
    10 It was a secret meeting. They met closed doors.
    2 We'll meet the airport.
    4 It's very hot. The temperature is 30 degrees.
    3 I'm leaving Paris tomorrow.
    11 It's not for kids. You must be 18 years old to buy it.
    7 I'm tired listening to them. I'm leaving.
    12 We'are all very sorry her death.
    5 It's too hot inside. I'll wait the pub.
    6 I got it Christmas a friend of mine.
    1 Have you ever been the USA?

    Spojení feel sorry for se užívá, když někoho litujete, be sorry for hlavně při omluvě za svůj čin ap., ale be sorry about se užije o situaci či něčem, co nastalo. Např.: I felt sorry for him. - Bylo mi ho líto., I'm sorry for disturbing you. - Promiňte, že vás ruším. ALE I'm sorry about that. - To mě mrzí. Sorry se může vázat i s infinitivem. Např.: We're sorry to inform you ... - S politováním vám oznamujeme...

    Exercise 17

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    • Napište věty, které uslyšíte. Neužívejte stažené tvary. (Pište celými slovy.)

    7
    3
    4
    10
    1
    9
    2
    6
    8
    5

    Exercise 18

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    • Spojte výroky, které mají opačný význam.

    • 1 He's jobless.
    • 2 He made her angry.
    • 3 He's in good health.
    • 4 I'm enjoying it.
    • 5 He died there.
    • 6 I don't care about her.
    • 7 I have two siblings.
    • 8 I'm really hungry.
    • g I'm crazy about her.
    • a He's seriously ill.
    • f He calmed her down.
    • b I'm tired of it.
    • h He was born there.
    • d I'm an only child.
    • e He's employed.
    • c I've eaten.

    Exercise 19

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    • Doplňte větu posunutou do minulého času s užitím časové souslednosti.

    4 I suppose you know that. - I supposed you that.
    2 I'm afraid they're lost. - I was afraid they lost.
    6 She says she'll help us. - She said she help us.
    3 I'm sure they have it. - I was sure they it.
    10 I know what he's going to do. - I knew what he going to do.
    9 I don't know who did it. - I didn't know who it.
    5 I hope you'll come. - I hoped you come.
    8 He says he was there. - He said he there.
    1 I think she is there. - I thought she there.
    7 I believe he forgot about it. - I believed he it.

    Exercise 20

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    • Přeložte. Použijte nápovědu.

    8 Co ještě bych měl udělat?
    else
    3 Právě jsem to dodělal.
    just
    1 Díváme se právě na film.
    just
    10 Zkus to ještě jednou.
    again; more
    6 Ještě jsem to nečetl.
    yet
    9 Dám si ještě jedno pivo.
    more
    5 Neviděl jsem ho už měsíce.
    for months
    4 Už odešli.
    already
    2 Už jsi to poslal?
    yet
    7 To bude ještě dražší.
    even

    Exercise 21

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    • Doplňte překlady pomocí frázových sloves.

    14 (Dávej) pozor! Watch !
    13 Vyrazíme brzy ráno. We'll out early.
    9 Vydržte chvilku. Hold a minute.
    11 Můžeme to odložit? Can we it off?
    7 Mám pustit televizi? Shall I on the TV?
    6 Ceny domů vzrostly o... House prices up by ...
    12 Došel mi benzín. I've out of petrol.
    10 Čti dál. on reading.
    5 Musím se přihlásit v hotelu. I must in at the hotel.
    8 Letadlo už odstartovalo. The plane has off.
    3 Chtějí si užít (života). They want to it up.
    4 Řekni mu, ať se uklidní. Tell him to down.
    2 Měl by nechat kouření. He should up smoking.
    1 Už jsem zjistil, kolik to stojí. I've out how much it costs.

    Frázové sloveso go for má několik významů. Jeden z nejběžnějších je vybrat si nebo rozhodnout se pro. Např.: I'd go for this one. - Já bych si vybral tento. Ve významu platit pro... se užívá go for stejně jako sloveso apply to əˈplaɪˌtuː. Např.: That goes for you too., That applies to you too. - To platí i pro tebe. ap.

    Jaywalking ˈdʒeɪˌwɔːkɪŋ je neukázněné přecházení silnice. Termín jaywalker ˈdʒeɪˌwɔːkə je neukázněný chodec (přecházející na červenou, mimo přechod ap.).

    Exercise 23

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    • Vyberte správné slovo podle výkladu.

    2 When you get divorced/married/bored you become a husband and wife.
    11 When you've done something many times and you have no problem doing it, you are used to/addicted to/interested in it.
    7 When someone takes your things away, you are broken/robbed/stolen.
    4 If you want to eat healthily, you should get/avoid/order junk food.
    9 An old person who doesn't work anymore is wrapped/retired/admitted.
    6 When you get well again after being ill, you have tired/recovered/fainted.
    3 When a meeting is to take place later, it is put out/away/off.
    1 When two people are not a couple any more, they break up/down/in.
    5 To get a driving licence, you must first make/get/pass a driving test.
    8 When you give someone food, you say: Welcome/Cheers/Help yourself.
    10 The part of a street used for walking is called the jaywalk/sidewalk/walker.

    Obrat to hail a taxi znamená zastavit si taxi (mávnutím). Podobně se užívá fráze wave down a taxi (wave weɪv - mávnout, zamávat).

    Exercise 24

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    • Doplňte překlady.

    10 Bude to stát spoustu peněz. It'll cost a of money.
    2 Doufejme, že to vyjde. Let's hope it'll off.
    7 Nejezdím po městě autem. I don't drive the city.
    4 Mám (moc) rád italské jídlo. I'm of Italian food.
    13 Jeďte po této cestě. Go this road.
    5 Nechám to na vás. I'll it up to you.
    3 To zní zajímavě. That interesting.
    9 Byla okradena dvěma muži. She by two men.
    1 Zamilovala se do něho. She in love with him.
    8 Odjíždím v pátek ráno. I'm leaving Friday morning.
    12 Vyzvednu tě na letišti. I'll you up at the airport.
    14 Ať neodchází! Don't him go!
    6 Zvykl jsem si na to. I used to it.
    11 Mám raději čaj než kávu. I tea to coffee.

    Ať v rozkazu lze také někdy přeložit pomocí obratu make sure (that) (ujisti se/zajisti, že...) Např.: Make sure you don't lose it. - Ať to neztratíš., Make sure he doesn't break it. - Ať to nerozbije. ap.

    Exercise 25

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    • Přeložte. Použijte nápovědu.

    8 To by bylo skvělé!
    great
    10 Rádi bychom si objednali.
    order
    4 To je ale překvapení!
    surprise
    3 Pokud vím, tak tady není.
    as far as
    9 Změnil jsem názor.
    mind
    6 Nechce se mi tam jít.
    feel like
    5 Co takhle si dát pivo?
    pint
    11 Platím já! (pití ap.)
    buy
    1 Nevím, jak dlouho to potrvá.
    take
    2 Dám vám vědět co nejdřív.
    as soon as
    12 Neslyším vás.
    can
    7 Nejsem z toho zrovna nadšený.
    crazy
    13 To nevadí.
    mind
    14 To rád slyším.
    glad

    Pozor na slovo frekventovaný při překladu do angličtiny! Ve významu častý je to frequent. Chcete-li ale říct, že je něco často navštěvované nebo je zde velký provoz, užije se frequented frɪˈkwεntɪd. Např.: frequented road - frekventovaná silnice.

    Exercise 26

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    • Přeložte.

    13 Nechám to na vás.
    12 Ještě nepřišel.
    18 Učím se anglicky už dva roky.
    11 Musel jsem tam jít.
    7 Nebudu moci přijít.
    4 Co se děje?
    5 Nevěděl jsem o tom.
    9 Co ještě potřebujete?
    6 Postarám se o to.
    2 Mám zpoždění.
    3 Dlouho vás nezdržím.
    8 Nesmíš to nikomu říct.
    19 Všechno nejlepší k narozeninám!
    1 Máte pravdu.
    20 Hodně štěstí!
    15 Nikdy jsem v Londýně nebyl.
    10 Nemusíte platit.
    16 Bydlím tady už deset let.
    17 Jak dlouho už tady čekáte?
    14 Kdybych to měl, dal bych ti to.

    Sidewalk je americký termín. V Británii pro chodník užívají pavement ˈpeɪvmənt! V americké angličtině je ale pavement zpevněná vozovka (asfaltovaný povrch ap.).

    Připoutat se (v autě ap.) se hlavně v americké angličtině hovorově řekne buckle up ˈbʌkəlˌʌp. Např.: Buckle up! - Připoutej(te) se!

    Pozor! Slovo police se v angličtině chová jako podstatné jméno v množném čísle, tedy: The police are ..., The police have ... ap.! Např. The police are after him. - Jde po něm policie., Police say that ... - Policie říká, že...