Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Přeložte.

    10 Can you give me a lift?
    4 They differ in many ways.
    8 He's to come too.
    11 I'll do my best.
    5 He has no sense of humour.
    19 I was fined for speeding.
    3 It's getting worse.
    15 Have you done it yet?
    17 I'm looking forward to that.
    16 I'll do it asap.
    12 I'd love to, but I can't.
    2 I don't get it.
    9 What was I supposed to do?
    13 Have we met (before)?
    6 It made him angry.
    14 We had the house built.
    1 How've you been?
    18 I've been taking driving lessons.
    7 He's known her for years.

    Speeding spiːdɪŋ je překročení povolené rychlosti (speed - rychlost). Speeding ticket je pokuta za rychlost. Např.: He got a speeding ticket. - Dostal pokutu za rychlost.

    Exercise 2

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    • Poslechněte si nahrávku a určete, zda je tvrzení pravdivé (true), nebo nepravdivé (false).

    6 Both the British and Americans like to use trains.
    8 The number of yellow cabs in New York is about 13.5 thousand.
    1 Bob was fined 400 dollars for driving too fast.
    3 They usually don't leave a tip in British pubs.
    5 New Yorkers are known to walk a lot around the city.
    7 Some 5 million people travel on the tube every day in London.
    4 Americans mostly buy cars made in the US.
    2 John had an accident, but it wasn't his fault.

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte odpovídající výroky.

    • 1 I'll keep it on.
    • 2 I won't keep you long.
    • 3 He broke up with her.
    • 4 I'll find out.
    • 5 He made it up.
    • 6 I'll catch up with you.
    • 7 He's missing her.
    • 8 He was fired.
    • g Nezdržím tě dlouho.
    • d Rozešel se s ní.
    • e Nechám si to na sobě.
    • g Zjistím to.
    • f Vymyslel si to.
    • c Dostal vyhazov.
    • b Doženu vás.
    • a Chybí mu.

    Exercise 4

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    5 Did you get my e-mail? - Yes, but I haven't red/read/readed it yet.
    2 How long will it ask/take/keep to get there? - About an hour.
    8 They took in/off/out a loan to buy a car.
    6 Could you take/get/pick me up at the airport tomorrow?
    3 Jane and Bob prepared it himself/themselves/ourselves.
    1 Most from/of/in them didn't know.
    10 I usually go in/in/by car, but we met in/at/on the bus.
    7 Come out/on/at. Hurry up! We'll be late.
    4 He wasn't supposed to know. You couldn't/shouldn't/wouldn't have told him.
    9 I'm sorry of/at/about that. I did it by/on/of mistake.

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte členy, some nebo any, kde třeba.

    14 I had busy day at work. I'm going to bed.
    10 USA and Canada are almost same size.
    13 Take meat out of bag and put it in fridge.
    1 Is there place where we could have dinner?
    8 I saw it on TV yesterday when I was watching news.
    6 Can you give me hand? - I don't have time for that.
    9 Would you like more cake? - Yes. I haven't had yet.
    7 I had accident when driving to work this morning.
    5 Have wine! - Thanks, I don't drink alcohol.
    11 A boy from US met girl from Europe.
    2 Are there other ways? I can't think of .
    4 I bought new car. - What did you do with old one?
    3 Can you lend me money? - I don't have money.
    12 He's American who makes lot of money.

    Exercise 6

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    • Doplňte překlady vět.

    10 Lepší by bylo počkat. It better to wait.
    14 Co tím myslíte? What do you by that?
    3 Je mi to jedno. I don't (about it).
    8 Pokud vím... As as I know ...
    12 Počkám, až přijde. I'll wait him to come.
    1 Chystám se k odchodu. I'm to leave.
    13 Bude to hotovo do pátku. It'll be finished Friday.
    11 To jídlo se může zkazit. The food may bad.
    7 Kolikrát jsi to už viděl? How many have you seen it?
    4 Budete muset počkat. You'll wait.
    2 Byli jsme okradeni. We were .
    5 Doufám, že ne. I hope .
    9 Neměl bys mu o tom říkat. You tell him.
    6 Kolik peněz tam je? How money is there?

    Exercise 7

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    • Spojte související výroky.

    • 1 He had a house built ...
    • 2 I'll tell her about it ...
    • 3 I've been learning English ...
    • 4 I tried to call him ...
    • 5 We had to wait ...
    • 6 I'm really sorry about ...
    • 7 I had a car accident ...
    • 8 He was fined 500 dollars ...
    • c but he sold it soon after.
    • a for about two years now.
    • g until they came back.
    • d but it wasn't my fault.
    • f which made him angry.
    • e but he isn't answering the phone.
    • h although she shouldn't know.
    • b what happened to her.

    Exercise 8

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    13 We didn't meet on/at/by chance. We agreed to meet/meeting/met.
    8 I'm in a hurry. I must catch/reach/have the bus.
    3 He's a year younger, but he's a head longer/taller/higher than me.
    10 I sent it at/to/in his e-mail address at/on/by accident.
    12 I met her in/on/at the bus although I usually go on/in/by car.
    2 What's up, man? Long time no sea/see/say. How've you been?
    4 I'm trying! - I know but you must try stronger/harder/heavier!
    1 Are you looking forward to it? - Yes, I can't stay/afford/wait to see it.
    6 I'm feeling unwell. I'll have to see/meet/reach a doctor.
    5 Are you hungry? - Not right/really/hardly. But I'm thirsty.
    11 I came at/across/about an interesting article.
    9 There will be no meeting. It was called out/away/off.
    7 Don't give up. You must stay/keep/last trying.

    Předložka by také znamená kolem, vedle (o pohybu). Např.: A police car went by. - Kolem projelo policejní auto. Stop by je hovorově stavit se (za někým).

    Exercise 9

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    • Doplňte druhou větu tak, aby měla opačný význam.

    3 She needn't know about it. - She know about it.
    6 You can get there by car. - You have to there.
    4 I threw it away. - I it.
    11 It's getting better. - It's getting .
    7 The computer is still on. - The computer is .
    1 I have to work tomorrow. - I'm taking a day tomorrow.
    14 What time do you go to bed? - What time do you up?
    12 She calmed him down. - She made him .
    2 He's found a job. - He was .
    10 I like both beer and wine. - I like beer wine.
    5 You must take off your glasses. - You must put your glasses.
    13 They helped me do it. - I did it .
    15 He does hardly any work. - He works really .
    9 It cost at least 300. - It cost at 300.
    8 Don't bring him with you. - Feel to bring him with you.

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte správné tvary slovesa v nápovědě.

    5 The house was sell for 20.000.
    6 She was hit by a car.
    8 He have an accident and was take to hospital.
    9 I give it to him and I think he keep it.
    3 I've bring some wine.
    7 They meet years ago and become friends.
    10 He be here a moment ago and he leave a message for you.
    2 I haven't see you for ages!
    4 He's speak to her.
    1 Where be you last night?

    Slovo left znamená též zbylý. Užívá se hlavně ve spojení be left - zbýt, zbývat. Např.: There's nothing left. - Nic nezbylo., I don't have much money left. - Už mi nezbývá moc peněz. ap.

    Exercise 11

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    • Doplňte správnou předložku.

    12 Thank you so much. It's so nice you.
    4 He'll be back ten minutes. You can wait him.
    11 Do you have it you? - No, I left it work.
    10 What disease did he die ? It's not known.
    1 Only one 20 Americans don't have a car.
    3 I'm too tired. I can't go .
    9 Look these two. Is there any difference them?
    7 Who'll be looking the kids when she's gone?
    5 We'll meet Christmas Eve at 7 p.m. my place.
    6 Don't worry that. I'll take care it.
    2 I'll see you Monday 4 p.m.
    8 They spend all their money food and clothes.

    Američané často jako výraz díků říkají: I appreciate it. - Vážím si toho., Oceňuji to. (appreciate əˈpriːʃɪˌeɪt - oceňovat, vážit si)

    Exercise 12

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    • Utvořte otázky. Ptejte se na zvýrazněná slova.

    9 He drank five beers.
    7 It cost me over 500 dollars.
    6 I've known her for 2 years.
    4 I told Bob and Jane about it.
    2 I've been waiting for an hour.
    8 I haven't sent it yet.
    3 Nobody else knows about it.
    10 I've been learning English for a year.
    1 He left for work an hour ago.
    5 We'll spend the weekend at the seaside.

    Exercise 13

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    • Doplňte překlady vět pomocí trpného rodu.

    9 Vzali ho na vysokou. He to college.
    5 Postavili 3 nové domy. Three new houses .
    6 Tato auta se vyrábí v Japonsku. These cars in Japan.
    4 Srazilo je nákladní auto. They by a truck.
    1 Ukradli mu auto. His car .
    12 Našli ji o týden později. She a week later.
    7 Toto slovo se často neužívá. This word often.
    2 Bude povýšena. She'll .
    11 Viděli ji, jak odchází. She leaving.
    10 Ví se o něm, že je bohatý. He to be rich.
    8 Článek napsala dívka. The article by a girl.
    3 Mohli by ho vyhodit z práce. He could .

    I'm flattered. ˈflætəd nebo též I feel flattered. je česky Jsem polichocen.

    Exercise 14

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu tvary slovesa do nebo make.

    10 Please your best. It's very important.
    7 They a lot of damage when they broke in.
    8 I need to a phone call.
    1 Have you your homework?
    5 I'm running late. I won't it in time.
    15 it sense to you?
    9 These photos me want to go on holiday.
    14 He it to her angry.
    4 How did you at school? Were you a good student?
    13 This dress me look fat.
    6 We can't without their help.
    11 He a lot of money last year.
    2 I've a big mistake.
    12 I only have 20 dollars. Will it ?
    3 Stop fun of me!

    Exercise 15

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    • Doplňte odpovědi pomocí slovesa z otázky.

    3 Did you get my message? - No, I no message.
    7 Did you buy any wine? - No, I only food.
    6 How many times did you try it? - I it at least five times.
    8 Did you understand him? - I only a few words.
    9 How did you feel when you found out? - I really bad.
    1 Where did you go on holiday? - We to the seaside.
    2 When did he lose his job? - He his job last year.
    5 How long did you spend there? - We a week there.
    10 Did you write down his name? - No, I his number.
    4 When did they send it? - They it last night.

    Exercise 16

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    • Doplňte správnou předložku.

    5 It's too hot inside. I'll wait the pub.
    3 I'm leaving Paris tomorrow.
    10 It was a secret meeting. They met closed doors.
    11 It's not for kids. You must be 18 years old to buy it.
    2 We'll meet the airport.
    7 I'm tired listening to them. I'm leaving.
    6 I got it Christmas a friend of mine.
    9 It looks you are having a great time.
    8 She used to work a teacher.
    1 Have you ever been the USA?
    4 It's very hot. The temperature is 30 degrees.
    12 We'are all very sorry her death.

    Spojení feel sorry for se užívá, když někoho litujete, be sorry for hlavně při omluvě za svůj čin ap., ale be sorry about se užije o situaci či něčem, co nastalo. Např.: I felt sorry for him. - Bylo mi ho líto., I'm sorry for disturbing you. - Promiňte, že vás ruším. ALE I'm sorry about that. - To mě mrzí. Sorry se může vázat i s infinitivem. Např.: We're sorry to inform you ... - S politováním vám oznamujeme...

    Exercise 17

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    • Napište věty, které uslyšíte. Neužívejte stažené tvary. (Pište celými slovy.)

    10
    3
    5
    7
    4
    9
    2
    8
    1
    6

    Exercise 18

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    • Spojte výroky, které mají opačný význam.

    • 1 He's jobless.
    • 2 He made her angry.
    • 3 He's in good health.
    • 4 I'm enjoying it.
    • 5 He died there.
    • 6 I don't care about her.
    • 7 I have two siblings.
    • 8 I'm really hungry.
    • b I'm tired of it.
    • a He's seriously ill.
    • h He was born there.
    • c I've eaten.
    • e He's employed.
    • g I'm crazy about her.
    • d I'm an only child.
    • f He calmed her down.

    Exercise 19

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    • Doplňte větu posunutou do minulého času s užitím časové souslednosti.

    8 He says he was there. - He said he there.
    7 I believe he forgot about it. - I believed he it.
    9 I don't know who did it. - I didn't know who it.
    2 I'm afraid they're lost. - I was afraid they lost.
    4 I suppose you know that. - I supposed you that.
    5 I hope you'll come. - I hoped you come.
    3 I'm sure they have it. - I was sure they it.
    6 She says she'll help us. - She said she help us.
    1 I think she is there. - I thought she there.
    10 I know what he's going to do. - I knew what he going to do.

    Exercise 20

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    • Přeložte. Použijte nápovědu.

    9 Dám si ještě jedno pivo.
    more
    8 Co ještě bych měl udělat?
    else
    1 Díváme se právě na film.
    just
    10 Zkus to ještě jednou.
    again; more
    2 Už jsi to poslal?
    yet
    4 Už odešli.
    already
    5 Neviděl jsem ho už měsíce.
    for months
    7 To bude ještě dražší.
    even
    3 Právě jsem to dodělal.
    just
    6 Ještě jsem to nečetl.
    yet

    Exercise 21

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    • Doplňte překlady pomocí frázových sloves.

    6 Ceny domů vzrostly o... House prices up by ...
    14 (Dávej) pozor! Watch !
    12 Došel mi benzín. I've out of petrol.
    9 Vydržte chvilku. Hold a minute.
    11 Můžeme to odložit? Can we it off?
    7 Mám pustit televizi? Shall I on the TV?
    1 Už jsem zjistil, kolik to stojí. I've out how much it costs.
    8 Letadlo už odstartovalo. The plane has off.
    2 Měl by nechat kouření. He should up smoking.
    5 Musím se přihlásit v hotelu. I must in at the hotel.
    3 Chtějí si užít (života). They want to it up.
    4 Řekni mu, ať se uklidní. Tell him to down.
    10 Čti dál. on reading.
    13 Vyrazíme brzy ráno. We'll out early.

    Frázové sloveso go for má několik významů. Jeden z nejběžnějších je vybrat si nebo rozhodnout se pro. Např.: I'd go for this one. - Já bych si vybral tento. Ve významu platit pro... se užívá go for stejně jako sloveso apply to əˈplaɪˌtuː. Např.: That goes for you too., That applies to you too. - To platí i pro tebe. ap.

    Jaywalking ˈdʒeɪˌwɔːkɪŋ je neukázněné přecházení silnice. Termín jaywalker ˈdʒeɪˌwɔːkə je neukázněný chodec (přecházející na červenou, mimo přechod ap.).

    Exercise 23

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    • Vyberte správné slovo podle výkladu.

    10 The part of a street used for walking is called the jaywalk/sidewalk/walker.
    4 If you want to eat healthily, you should get/avoid/order junk food.
    7 When someone takes your things away, you are broken/robbed/stolen.
    6 When you get well again after being ill, you have tired/recovered/fainted.
    9 An old person who doesn't work anymore is wrapped/retired/admitted.
    3 When a meeting is to take place later, it is put out/away/off.
    8 When you give someone food, you say: Welcome/Cheers/Help yourself.
    1 When two people are not a couple any more, they break up/down/in.
    2 When you get divorced/married/bored you become a husband and wife.
    5 To get a driving licence, you must first make/get/pass a driving test.
    11 When you've done something many times and you have no problem doing it, you are used to/addicted to/interested in it.

    Obrat to hail a taxi znamená zastavit si taxi (mávnutím). Podobně se užívá fráze wave down a taxi (wave weɪv - mávnout, zamávat).

    Exercise 24

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    • Doplňte překlady.

    10 Bude to stát spoustu peněz. It'll cost a of money.
    9 Byla okradena dvěma muži. She by two men.
    4 Mám (moc) rád italské jídlo. I'm of Italian food.
    12 Vyzvednu tě na letišti. I'll you up at the airport.
    14 Ať neodchází! Don't him go!
    13 Jeďte po této cestě. Go this road.
    7 Nejezdím po městě autem. I don't drive the city.
    2 Doufejme, že to vyjde. Let's hope it'll off.
    11 Mám raději čaj než kávu. I tea to coffee.
    5 Nechám to na vás. I'll it up to you.
    1 Zamilovala se do něho. She in love with him.
    3 To zní zajímavě. That interesting.
    6 Zvykl jsem si na to. I used to it.
    8 Odjíždím v pátek ráno. I'm leaving Friday morning.

    Ať v rozkazu lze také někdy přeložit pomocí obratu make sure (that) (ujisti se/zajisti, že...) Např.: Make sure you don't lose it. - Ať to neztratíš., Make sure he doesn't break it. - Ať to nerozbije. ap.

    Exercise 25

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    • Přeložte. Použijte nápovědu.

    7 Nejsem z toho zrovna nadšený.
    crazy
    8 To by bylo skvělé!
    great
    10 Rádi bychom si objednali.
    order
    2 Dám vám vědět co nejdřív.
    as soon as
    4 To je ale překvapení!
    surprise
    3 Pokud vím, tak tady není.
    as far as
    6 Nechce se mi tam jít.
    feel like
    11 Platím já! (pití ap.)
    buy
    9 Změnil jsem názor.
    mind
    1 Nevím, jak dlouho to potrvá.
    take
    13 To nevadí.
    mind
    5 Co takhle si dát pivo?
    pint
    12 Neslyším vás.
    can
    14 To rád slyším.
    glad

    Pozor na slovo frekventovaný při překladu do angličtiny! Ve významu častý je to frequent. Chcete-li ale říct, že je něco často navštěvované nebo je zde velký provoz, užije se frequented frɪˈkwεntɪd. Např.: frequented road - frekventovaná silnice.

    Exercise 26

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    • Přeložte.

    15 Nikdy jsem v Londýně nebyl.
    3 Dlouho vás nezdržím.
    11 Musel jsem tam jít.
    16 Bydlím tady už deset let.
    1 Máte pravdu.
    12 Ještě nepřišel.
    5 Nevěděl jsem o tom.
    18 Učím se anglicky už dva roky.
    19 Všechno nejlepší k narozeninám!
    17 Jak dlouho už tady čekáte?
    14 Kdybych to měl, dal bych ti to.
    7 Nebudu moci přijít.
    2 Mám zpoždění.
    13 Nechám to na vás.
    20 Hodně štěstí!
    9 Co ještě potřebujete?
    4 Co se děje?
    8 Nesmíš to nikomu říct.
    6 Postarám se o to.
    10 Nemusíte platit.

    Sidewalk je americký termín. V Británii pro chodník užívají pavement ˈpeɪvmənt! V americké angličtině je ale pavement zpevněná vozovka (asfaltovaný povrch ap.).

    Připoutat se (v autě ap.) se hlavně v americké angličtině hovorově řekne buckle up ˈbʌkəlˌʌp. Např.: Buckle up! - Připoutej(te) se!

    Pozor! Slovo police se v angličtině chová jako podstatné jméno v množném čísle, tedy: The police are ..., The police have ... ap.! Např. The police are after him. - Jde po něm policie., Police say that ... - Policie říká, že...