Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Přeložte.

    18 I've been taking driving lessons.
    17 I'm looking forward to that.
    16 I'll do it asap.
    7 He's known her for years.
    1 How've you been?
    2 I don't get it.
    12 I'd love to, but I can't.
    13 Have we met (before)?
    11 I'll do my best.
    9 What was I supposed to do?
    6 It made him angry.
    10 Can you give me a lift?
    8 He's to come too.
    3 It's getting worse.
    19 I was fined for speeding.
    5 He has no sense of humour.
    14 We had the house built.
    4 They differ in many ways.
    15 Have you done it yet?

    Speeding spiːdɪŋ je překročení povolené rychlosti (speed - rychlost). Speeding ticket je pokuta za rychlost. Např.: He got a speeding ticket. - Dostal pokutu za rychlost.

    Exercise 2

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    • Poslechněte si nahrávku a určete, zda je tvrzení pravdivé (true), nebo nepravdivé (false).

    7 Some 5 million people travel on the tube every day in London.
    8 The number of yellow cabs in New York is about 13.5 thousand.
    3 They usually don't leave a tip in British pubs.
    1 Bob was fined 400 dollars for driving too fast.
    2 John had an accident, but it wasn't his fault.
    5 New Yorkers are known to walk a lot around the city.
    6 Both the British and Americans like to use trains.
    4 Americans mostly buy cars made in the US.

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte odpovídající výroky.

    • 1 I'll keep it on.
    • 2 I won't keep you long.
    • 3 He broke up with her.
    • 4 I'll find out.
    • 5 He made it up.
    • 6 I'll catch up with you.
    • 7 He's missing her.
    • 8 He was fired.
    • d Rozešel se s ní.
    • b Doženu vás.
    • a Chybí mu.
    • c Dostal vyhazov.
    • f Vymyslel si to.
    • g Zjistím to.
    • e Nechám si to na sobě.
    • g Nezdržím tě dlouho.

    Exercise 4

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    2 How long will it ask/take/keep to get there? - About an hour.
    1 Most from/of/in them didn't know.
    10 I usually go in/in/by car, but we met in/at/on the bus.
    8 They took in/off/out a loan to buy a car.
    9 I'm sorry of/at/about that. I did it by/on/of mistake.
    4 He wasn't supposed to know. You couldn't/shouldn't/wouldn't have told him.
    6 Could you take/get/pick me up at the airport tomorrow?
    5 Did you get my e-mail? - Yes, but I haven't red/read/readed it yet.
    7 Come out/on/at. Hurry up! We'll be late.
    3 Jane and Bob prepared it himself/themselves/ourselves.

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte členy, some nebo any, kde třeba.

    13 Take meat out of bag and put it in fridge.
    3 Can you lend me money? - I don't have money.
    1 Is there place where we could have dinner?
    4 I bought new car. - What did you do with old one?
    7 I had accident when driving to work this morning.
    9 Would you like more cake? - Yes. I haven't had yet.
    5 Have wine! - Thanks, I don't drink alcohol.
    10 USA and Canada are almost same size.
    2 Are there other ways? I can't think of .
    12 He's American who makes lot of money.
    11 A boy from US met girl from Europe.
    14 I had busy day at work. I'm going to bed.
    6 Can you give me hand? - I don't have time for that.
    8 I saw it on TV yesterday when I was watching news.

    Exercise 6

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    • Doplňte překlady vět.

    12 Počkám, až přijde. I'll wait him to come.
    4 Budete muset počkat. You'll wait.
    1 Chystám se k odchodu. I'm to leave.
    9 Neměl bys mu o tom říkat. You tell him.
    11 To jídlo se může zkazit. The food may bad.
    3 Je mi to jedno. I don't (about it).
    7 Kolikrát jsi to už viděl? How many have you seen it?
    8 Pokud vím... As as I know ...
    2 Byli jsme okradeni. We were .
    5 Doufám, že ne. I hope .
    13 Bude to hotovo do pátku. It'll be finished Friday.
    6 Kolik peněz tam je? How money is there?
    10 Lepší by bylo počkat. It better to wait.
    14 Co tím myslíte? What do you by that?

    Exercise 7

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    • Spojte související výroky.

    • 1 He had a house built ...
    • 2 I'll tell her about it ...
    • 3 I've been learning English ...
    • 4 I tried to call him ...
    • 5 We had to wait ...
    • 6 I'm really sorry about ...
    • 7 I had a car accident ...
    • 8 He was fined 500 dollars ...
    • b what happened to her.
    • h although she shouldn't know.
    • f which made him angry.
    • c but he sold it soon after.
    • a for about two years now.
    • e but he isn't answering the phone.
    • d but it wasn't my fault.
    • g until they came back.

    Exercise 8

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    12 I met her in/on/at the bus although I usually go on/in/by car.
    10 I sent it at/to/in his e-mail address at/on/by accident.
    9 There will be no meeting. It was called out/away/off.
    7 Don't give up. You must stay/keep/last trying.
    13 We didn't meet on/at/by chance. We agreed to meet/meeting/met.
    3 He's a year younger, but he's a head longer/taller/higher than me.
    5 Are you hungry? - Not right/really/hardly. But I'm thirsty.
    4 I'm trying! - I know but you must try stronger/harder/heavier!
    2 What's up, man? Long time no sea/see/say. How've you been?
    11 I came at/across/about an interesting article.
    6 I'm feeling unwell. I'll have to see/meet/reach a doctor.
    1 Are you looking forward to it? - Yes, I can't stay/afford/wait to see it.
    8 I'm in a hurry. I must catch/reach/have the bus.

    Předložka by také znamená kolem, vedle (o pohybu). Např.: A police car went by. - Kolem projelo policejní auto. Stop by je hovorově stavit se (za někým).

    Exercise 9

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    • Doplňte druhou větu tak, aby měla opačný význam.

    1 I have to work tomorrow. - I'm taking a day tomorrow.
    12 She calmed him down. - She made him .
    9 It cost at least 300. - It cost at 300.
    2 He's found a job. - He was .
    7 The computer is still on. - The computer is .
    13 They helped me do it. - I did it .
    5 You must take off your glasses. - You must put your glasses.
    6 You can get there by car. - You have to there.
    14 What time do you go to bed? - What time do you up?
    8 Don't bring him with you. - Feel to bring him with you.
    3 She needn't know about it. - She know about it.
    4 I threw it away. - I it.
    11 It's getting better. - It's getting .
    15 He does hardly any work. - He works really .
    10 I like both beer and wine. - I like beer wine.

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte správné tvary slovesa v nápovědě.

    8 He have an accident and was take to hospital.
    3 I've bring some wine.
    10 He be here a moment ago and he leave a message for you.
    7 They meet years ago and become friends.
    6 She was hit by a car.
    4 He's speak to her.
    2 I haven't see you for ages!
    9 I give it to him and I think he keep it.
    5 The house was sell for 20.000.
    1 Where be you last night?

    Slovo left znamená též zbylý. Užívá se hlavně ve spojení be left - zbýt, zbývat. Např.: There's nothing left. - Nic nezbylo., I don't have much money left. - Už mi nezbývá moc peněz. ap.

    Exercise 11

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    • Doplňte správnou předložku.

    11 Do you have it you? - No, I left it work.
    5 We'll meet Christmas Eve at 7 p.m. my place.
    8 They spend all their money food and clothes.
    10 What disease did he die ? It's not known.
    7 Who'll be looking the kids when she's gone?
    1 Only one 20 Americans don't have a car.
    12 Thank you so much. It's so nice you.
    6 Don't worry that. I'll take care it.
    4 He'll be back ten minutes. You can wait him.
    9 Look these two. Is there any difference them?
    2 I'll see you Monday 4 p.m.
    3 I'm too tired. I can't go .

    Američané často jako výraz díků říkají: I appreciate it. - Vážím si toho., Oceňuji to. (appreciate əˈpriːʃɪˌeɪt - oceňovat, vážit si)

    Exercise 12

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    • Utvořte otázky. Ptejte se na zvýrazněná slova.

    6 I've known her for 2 years.
    9 He drank five beers.
    7 It cost me over 500 dollars.
    2 I've been waiting for an hour.
    4 I told Bob and Jane about it.
    3 Nobody else knows about it.
    8 I haven't sent it yet.
    5 We'll spend the weekend at the seaside.
    10 I've been learning English for a year.
    1 He left for work an hour ago.

    Exercise 13

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    • Doplňte překlady vět pomocí trpného rodu.

    3 Mohli by ho vyhodit z práce. He could .
    7 Toto slovo se často neužívá. This word often.
    6 Tato auta se vyrábí v Japonsku. These cars in Japan.
    8 Článek napsala dívka. The article by a girl.
    11 Viděli ji, jak odchází. She leaving.
    2 Bude povýšena. She'll .
    1 Ukradli mu auto. His car .
    5 Postavili 3 nové domy. Three new houses .
    4 Srazilo je nákladní auto. They by a truck.
    10 Ví se o něm, že je bohatý. He to be rich.
    12 Našli ji o týden později. She a week later.
    9 Vzali ho na vysokou. He to college.

    I'm flattered. ˈflætəd nebo též I feel flattered. je česky Jsem polichocen.

    Exercise 14

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu tvary slovesa do nebo make.

    5 I'm running late. I won't it in time.
    4 How did you at school? Were you a good student?
    3 Stop fun of me!
    11 He a lot of money last year.
    14 He it to her angry.
    2 I've a big mistake.
    15 it sense to you?
    8 I need to a phone call.
    12 I only have 20 dollars. Will it ?
    9 These photos me want to go on holiday.
    10 Please your best. It's very important.
    1 Have you your homework?
    7 They a lot of damage when they broke in.
    13 This dress me look fat.
    6 We can't without their help.

    Exercise 15

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    • Doplňte odpovědi pomocí slovesa z otázky.

    6 How many times did you try it? - I it at least five times.
    9 How did you feel when you found out? - I really bad.
    4 When did they send it? - They it last night.
    1 Where did you go on holiday? - We to the seaside.
    3 Did you get my message? - No, I no message.
    7 Did you buy any wine? - No, I only food.
    8 Did you understand him? - I only a few words.
    5 How long did you spend there? - We a week there.
    2 When did he lose his job? - He his job last year.
    10 Did you write down his name? - No, I his number.

    Exercise 16

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    • Doplňte správnou předložku.

    12 We'are all very sorry her death.
    10 It was a secret meeting. They met closed doors.
    1 Have you ever been the USA?
    2 We'll meet the airport.
    6 I got it Christmas a friend of mine.
    7 I'm tired listening to them. I'm leaving.
    11 It's not for kids. You must be 18 years old to buy it.
    4 It's very hot. The temperature is 30 degrees.
    3 I'm leaving Paris tomorrow.
    9 It looks you are having a great time.
    8 She used to work a teacher.
    5 It's too hot inside. I'll wait the pub.

    Spojení feel sorry for se užívá, když někoho litujete, be sorry for hlavně při omluvě za svůj čin ap., ale be sorry about se užije o situaci či něčem, co nastalo. Např.: I felt sorry for him. - Bylo mi ho líto., I'm sorry for disturbing you. - Promiňte, že vás ruším. ALE I'm sorry about that. - To mě mrzí. Sorry se může vázat i s infinitivem. Např.: We're sorry to inform you ... - S politováním vám oznamujeme...

    Exercise 17

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    • Napište věty, které uslyšíte. Neužívejte stažené tvary. (Pište celými slovy.)

    8
    7
    1
    4
    6
    5
    10
    3
    2
    9

    Exercise 18

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    • Spojte výroky, které mají opačný význam.

    • 1 He's jobless.
    • 2 He made her angry.
    • 3 He's in good health.
    • 4 I'm enjoying it.
    • 5 He died there.
    • 6 I don't care about her.
    • 7 I have two siblings.
    • 8 I'm really hungry.
    • g I'm crazy about her.
    • e He's employed.
    • f He calmed her down.
    • c I've eaten.
    • d I'm an only child.
    • h He was born there.
    • b I'm tired of it.
    • a He's seriously ill.

    Exercise 19

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    • Doplňte větu posunutou do minulého času s užitím časové souslednosti.

    1 I think she is there. - I thought she there.
    9 I don't know who did it. - I didn't know who it.
    10 I know what he's going to do. - I knew what he going to do.
    2 I'm afraid they're lost. - I was afraid they lost.
    6 She says she'll help us. - She said she help us.
    3 I'm sure they have it. - I was sure they it.
    4 I suppose you know that. - I supposed you that.
    8 He says he was there. - He said he there.
    5 I hope you'll come. - I hoped you come.
    7 I believe he forgot about it. - I believed he it.

    Exercise 20

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    • Přeložte. Použijte nápovědu.

    6 Ještě jsem to nečetl.
    yet
    7 To bude ještě dražší.
    even
    4 Už odešli.
    already
    3 Právě jsem to dodělal.
    just
    8 Co ještě bych měl udělat?
    else
    1 Díváme se právě na film.
    just
    5 Neviděl jsem ho už měsíce.
    for months
    2 Už jsi to poslal?
    yet
    10 Zkus to ještě jednou.
    again; more
    9 Dám si ještě jedno pivo.
    more

    Exercise 21

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    • Doplňte překlady pomocí frázových sloves.

    3 Chtějí si užít (života). They want to it up.
    6 Ceny domů vzrostly o... House prices up by ...
    10 Čti dál. on reading.
    13 Vyrazíme brzy ráno. We'll out early.
    4 Řekni mu, ať se uklidní. Tell him to down.
    2 Měl by nechat kouření. He should up smoking.
    9 Vydržte chvilku. Hold a minute.
    12 Došel mi benzín. I've out of petrol.
    11 Můžeme to odložit? Can we it off?
    7 Mám pustit televizi? Shall I on the TV?
    14 (Dávej) pozor! Watch !
    1 Už jsem zjistil, kolik to stojí. I've out how much it costs.
    8 Letadlo už odstartovalo. The plane has off.
    5 Musím se přihlásit v hotelu. I must in at the hotel.

    Frázové sloveso go for má několik významů. Jeden z nejběžnějších je vybrat si nebo rozhodnout se pro. Např.: I'd go for this one. - Já bych si vybral tento. Ve významu platit pro... se užívá go for stejně jako sloveso apply to əˈplaɪˌtuː. Např.: That goes for you too., That applies to you too. - To platí i pro tebe. ap.

    Jaywalking ˈdʒeɪˌwɔːkɪŋ je neukázněné přecházení silnice. Termín jaywalker ˈdʒeɪˌwɔːkə je neukázněný chodec (přecházející na červenou, mimo přechod ap.).

    Exercise 23

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    • Vyberte správné slovo podle výkladu.

    8 When you give someone food, you say: Welcome/Cheers/Help yourself.
    6 When you get well again after being ill, you have tired/recovered/fainted.
    9 An old person who doesn't work anymore is wrapped/retired/admitted.
    3 When a meeting is to take place later, it is put out/away/off.
    11 When you've done something many times and you have no problem doing it, you are used to/addicted to/interested in it.
    2 When you get divorced/married/bored you become a husband and wife.
    10 The part of a street used for walking is called the jaywalk/sidewalk/walker.
    1 When two people are not a couple any more, they break up/down/in.
    7 When someone takes your things away, you are broken/robbed/stolen.
    4 If you want to eat healthily, you should get/avoid/order junk food.
    5 To get a driving licence, you must first make/get/pass a driving test.

    Obrat to hail a taxi znamená zastavit si taxi (mávnutím). Podobně se užívá fráze wave down a taxi (wave weɪv - mávnout, zamávat).

    Exercise 24

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    • Doplňte překlady.

    7 Nejezdím po městě autem. I don't drive the city.
    4 Mám (moc) rád italské jídlo. I'm of Italian food.
    8 Odjíždím v pátek ráno. I'm leaving Friday morning.
    1 Zamilovala se do něho. She in love with him.
    10 Bude to stát spoustu peněz. It'll cost a of money.
    13 Jeďte po této cestě. Go this road.
    12 Vyzvednu tě na letišti. I'll you up at the airport.
    3 To zní zajímavě. That interesting.
    2 Doufejme, že to vyjde. Let's hope it'll off.
    6 Zvykl jsem si na to. I used to it.
    11 Mám raději čaj než kávu. I tea to coffee.
    9 Byla okradena dvěma muži. She by two men.
    5 Nechám to na vás. I'll it up to you.
    14 Ať neodchází! Don't him go!

    Ať v rozkazu lze také někdy přeložit pomocí obratu make sure (that) (ujisti se/zajisti, že...) Např.: Make sure you don't lose it. - Ať to neztratíš., Make sure he doesn't break it. - Ať to nerozbije. ap.

    Exercise 25

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    • Přeložte. Použijte nápovědu.

    3 Pokud vím, tak tady není.
    as far as
    6 Nechce se mi tam jít.
    feel like
    13 To nevadí.
    mind
    8 To by bylo skvělé!
    great
    10 Rádi bychom si objednali.
    order
    4 To je ale překvapení!
    surprise
    11 Platím já! (pití ap.)
    buy
    14 To rád slyším.
    glad
    2 Dám vám vědět co nejdřív.
    as soon as
    5 Co takhle si dát pivo?
    pint
    1 Nevím, jak dlouho to potrvá.
    take
    7 Nejsem z toho zrovna nadšený.
    crazy
    12 Neslyším vás.
    can
    9 Změnil jsem názor.
    mind

    Pozor na slovo frekventovaný při překladu do angličtiny! Ve významu častý je to frequent. Chcete-li ale říct, že je něco často navštěvované nebo je zde velký provoz, užije se frequented frɪˈkwεntɪd. Např.: frequented road - frekventovaná silnice.

    Exercise 26

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    • Přeložte.

    7 Nebudu moci přijít.
    9 Co ještě potřebujete?
    15 Nikdy jsem v Londýně nebyl.
    10 Nemusíte platit.
    4 Co se děje?
    5 Nevěděl jsem o tom.
    13 Nechám to na vás.
    12 Ještě nepřišel.
    2 Mám zpoždění.
    14 Kdybych to měl, dal bych ti to.
    1 Máte pravdu.
    19 Všechno nejlepší k narozeninám!
    8 Nesmíš to nikomu říct.
    6 Postarám se o to.
    16 Bydlím tady už deset let.
    3 Dlouho vás nezdržím.
    18 Učím se anglicky už dva roky.
    17 Jak dlouho už tady čekáte?
    11 Musel jsem tam jít.
    20 Hodně štěstí!

    Sidewalk je americký termín. V Británii pro chodník užívají pavement ˈpeɪvmənt! V americké angličtině je ale pavement zpevněná vozovka (asfaltovaný povrch ap.).

    Připoutat se (v autě ap.) se hlavně v americké angličtině hovorově řekne buckle up ˈbʌkəlˌʌp. Např.: Buckle up! - Připoutej(te) se!

    Pozor! Slovo police se v angličtině chová jako podstatné jméno v množném čísle, tedy: The police are ..., The police have ... ap.! Např. The police are after him. - Jde po něm policie., Police say that ... - Policie říká, že...