Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Přeložte.

    1 How've you been?
    14 We had the house built.
    6 It made him angry.
    18 I've been taking driving lessons.
    7 He's known her for years.
    16 I'll do it asap.
    15 Have you done it yet?
    13 Have we met (before)?
    17 I'm looking forward to that.
    10 Can you give me a lift?
    12 I'd love to, but I can't.
    19 I was fined for speeding.
    2 I don't get it.
    9 What was I supposed to do?
    5 He has no sense of humour.
    11 I'll do my best.
    8 He's to come too.
    4 They differ in many ways.
    3 It's getting worse.

    Speeding spiːdɪŋ je překročení povolené rychlosti (speed - rychlost). Speeding ticket je pokuta za rychlost. Např.: He got a speeding ticket. - Dostal pokutu za rychlost.

    Exercise 2

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    • Poslechněte si nahrávku a určete, zda je tvrzení pravdivé (true), nebo nepravdivé (false).

    8 The number of yellow cabs in New York is about 13.5 thousand.
    5 New Yorkers are known to walk a lot around the city.
    2 John had an accident, but it wasn't his fault.
    7 Some 5 million people travel on the tube every day in London.
    6 Both the British and Americans like to use trains.
    4 Americans mostly buy cars made in the US.
    1 Bob was fined 400 dollars for driving too fast.
    3 They usually don't leave a tip in British pubs.

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte odpovídající výroky.

    • 1 I'll keep it on.
    • 2 I won't keep you long.
    • 3 He broke up with her.
    • 4 I'll find out.
    • 5 He made it up.
    • 6 I'll catch up with you.
    • 7 He's missing her.
    • 8 He was fired.
    • b Doženu vás.
    • a Chybí mu.
    • f Vymyslel si to.
    • e Nechám si to na sobě.
    • g Zjistím to.
    • g Nezdržím tě dlouho.
    • d Rozešel se s ní.
    • c Dostal vyhazov.

    Exercise 4

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    3 Jane and Bob prepared it himself/themselves/ourselves.
    8 They took in/off/out a loan to buy a car.
    9 I'm sorry of/at/about that. I did it by/on/of mistake.
    4 He wasn't supposed to know. You couldn't/shouldn't/wouldn't have told him.
    5 Did you get my e-mail? - Yes, but I haven't red/read/readed it yet.
    2 How long will it ask/take/keep to get there? - About an hour.
    6 Could you take/get/pick me up at the airport tomorrow?
    7 Come out/on/at. Hurry up! We'll be late.
    10 I usually go in/in/by car, but we met in/at/on the bus.
    1 Most from/of/in them didn't know.

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte členy, some nebo any, kde třeba.

    13 Take meat out of bag and put it in fridge.
    3 Can you lend me money? - I don't have money.
    9 Would you like more cake? - Yes. I haven't had yet.
    10 USA and Canada are almost same size.
    2 Are there other ways? I can't think of .
    5 Have wine! - Thanks, I don't drink alcohol.
    1 Is there place where we could have dinner?
    6 Can you give me hand? - I don't have time for that.
    11 A boy from US met girl from Europe.
    14 I had busy day at work. I'm going to bed.
    8 I saw it on TV yesterday when I was watching news.
    7 I had accident when driving to work this morning.
    12 He's American who makes lot of money.
    4 I bought new car. - What did you do with old one?

    Exercise 6

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    • Doplňte překlady vět.

    8 Pokud vím... As as I know ...
    11 To jídlo se může zkazit. The food may bad.
    7 Kolikrát jsi to už viděl? How many have you seen it?
    2 Byli jsme okradeni. We were .
    12 Počkám, až přijde. I'll wait him to come.
    5 Doufám, že ne. I hope .
    9 Neměl bys mu o tom říkat. You tell him.
    14 Co tím myslíte? What do you by that?
    10 Lepší by bylo počkat. It better to wait.
    4 Budete muset počkat. You'll wait.
    6 Kolik peněz tam je? How money is there?
    1 Chystám se k odchodu. I'm to leave.
    13 Bude to hotovo do pátku. It'll be finished Friday.
    3 Je mi to jedno. I don't (about it).

    Exercise 7

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    • Spojte související výroky.

    • 1 He had a house built ...
    • 2 I'll tell her about it ...
    • 3 I've been learning English ...
    • 4 I tried to call him ...
    • 5 We had to wait ...
    • 6 I'm really sorry about ...
    • 7 I had a car accident ...
    • 8 He was fined 500 dollars ...
    • d but it wasn't my fault.
    • e but he isn't answering the phone.
    • g until they came back.
    • b what happened to her.
    • f which made him angry.
    • a for about two years now.
    • c but he sold it soon after.
    • h although she shouldn't know.

    Exercise 8

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    9 There will be no meeting. It was called out/away/off.
    1 Are you looking forward to it? - Yes, I can't stay/afford/wait to see it.
    12 I met her in/on/at the bus although I usually go on/in/by car.
    11 I came at/across/about an interesting article.
    3 He's a year younger, but he's a head longer/taller/higher than me.
    13 We didn't meet on/at/by chance. We agreed to meet/meeting/met.
    2 What's up, man? Long time no sea/see/say. How've you been?
    7 Don't give up. You must stay/keep/last trying.
    8 I'm in a hurry. I must catch/reach/have the bus.
    6 I'm feeling unwell. I'll have to see/meet/reach a doctor.
    4 I'm trying! - I know but you must try stronger/harder/heavier!
    5 Are you hungry? - Not right/really/hardly. But I'm thirsty.
    10 I sent it at/to/in his e-mail address at/on/by accident.

    Předložka by také znamená kolem, vedle (o pohybu). Např.: A police car went by. - Kolem projelo policejní auto. Stop by je hovorově stavit se (za někým).

    Exercise 9

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    • Doplňte druhou větu tak, aby měla opačný význam.

    7 The computer is still on. - The computer is .
    3 She needn't know about it. - She know about it.
    13 They helped me do it. - I did it .
    2 He's found a job. - He was .
    6 You can get there by car. - You have to there.
    11 It's getting better. - It's getting .
    10 I like both beer and wine. - I like beer wine.
    4 I threw it away. - I it.
    14 What time do you go to bed? - What time do you up?
    12 She calmed him down. - She made him .
    15 He does hardly any work. - He works really .
    1 I have to work tomorrow. - I'm taking a day tomorrow.
    9 It cost at least 300. - It cost at 300.
    5 You must take off your glasses. - You must put your glasses.
    8 Don't bring him with you. - Feel to bring him with you.

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte správné tvary slovesa v nápovědě.

    10 He be here a moment ago and he leave a message for you.
    4 He's speak to her.
    2 I haven't see you for ages!
    8 He have an accident and was take to hospital.
    9 I give it to him and I think he keep it.
    7 They meet years ago and become friends.
    1 Where be you last night?
    6 She was hit by a car.
    3 I've bring some wine.
    5 The house was sell for 20.000.

    Slovo left znamená též zbylý. Užívá se hlavně ve spojení be left - zbýt, zbývat. Např.: There's nothing left. - Nic nezbylo., I don't have much money left. - Už mi nezbývá moc peněz. ap.

    Exercise 11

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    • Doplňte správnou předložku.

    4 He'll be back ten minutes. You can wait him.
    1 Only one 20 Americans don't have a car.
    8 They spend all their money food and clothes.
    2 I'll see you Monday 4 p.m.
    12 Thank you so much. It's so nice you.
    7 Who'll be looking the kids when she's gone?
    3 I'm too tired. I can't go .
    5 We'll meet Christmas Eve at 7 p.m. my place.
    11 Do you have it you? - No, I left it work.
    9 Look these two. Is there any difference them?
    6 Don't worry that. I'll take care it.
    10 What disease did he die ? It's not known.

    Američané často jako výraz díků říkají: I appreciate it. - Vážím si toho., Oceňuji to. (appreciate əˈpriːʃɪˌeɪt - oceňovat, vážit si)

    Exercise 12

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    • Utvořte otázky. Ptejte se na zvýrazněná slova.

    9 He drank five beers.
    7 It cost me over 500 dollars.
    6 I've known her for 2 years.
    2 I've been waiting for an hour.
    3 Nobody else knows about it.
    8 I haven't sent it yet.
    10 I've been learning English for a year.
    1 He left for work an hour ago.
    4 I told Bob and Jane about it.
    5 We'll spend the weekend at the seaside.

    Exercise 13

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    • Doplňte překlady vět pomocí trpného rodu.

    2 Bude povýšena. She'll .
    11 Viděli ji, jak odchází. She leaving.
    9 Vzali ho na vysokou. He to college.
    7 Toto slovo se často neužívá. This word often.
    8 Článek napsala dívka. The article by a girl.
    1 Ukradli mu auto. His car .
    4 Srazilo je nákladní auto. They by a truck.
    3 Mohli by ho vyhodit z práce. He could .
    10 Ví se o něm, že je bohatý. He to be rich.
    12 Našli ji o týden později. She a week later.
    6 Tato auta se vyrábí v Japonsku. These cars in Japan.
    5 Postavili 3 nové domy. Three new houses .

    I'm flattered. ˈflætəd nebo též I feel flattered. je česky Jsem polichocen.

    Exercise 14

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu tvary slovesa do nebo make.

    15 it sense to you?
    13 This dress me look fat.
    2 I've a big mistake.
    6 We can't without their help.
    8 I need to a phone call.
    5 I'm running late. I won't it in time.
    10 Please your best. It's very important.
    1 Have you your homework?
    4 How did you at school? Were you a good student?
    14 He it to her angry.
    7 They a lot of damage when they broke in.
    11 He a lot of money last year.
    3 Stop fun of me!
    9 These photos me want to go on holiday.
    12 I only have 20 dollars. Will it ?

    Exercise 15

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    • Doplňte odpovědi pomocí slovesa z otázky.

    6 How many times did you try it? - I it at least five times.
    1 Where did you go on holiday? - We to the seaside.
    10 Did you write down his name? - No, I his number.
    5 How long did you spend there? - We a week there.
    2 When did he lose his job? - He his job last year.
    4 When did they send it? - They it last night.
    3 Did you get my message? - No, I no message.
    9 How did you feel when you found out? - I really bad.
    8 Did you understand him? - I only a few words.
    7 Did you buy any wine? - No, I only food.

    Exercise 16

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    • Doplňte správnou předložku.

    6 I got it Christmas a friend of mine.
    1 Have you ever been the USA?
    5 It's too hot inside. I'll wait the pub.
    3 I'm leaving Paris tomorrow.
    8 She used to work a teacher.
    11 It's not for kids. You must be 18 years old to buy it.
    4 It's very hot. The temperature is 30 degrees.
    7 I'm tired listening to them. I'm leaving.
    2 We'll meet the airport.
    9 It looks you are having a great time.
    10 It was a secret meeting. They met closed doors.
    12 We'are all very sorry her death.

    Spojení feel sorry for se užívá, když někoho litujete, be sorry for hlavně při omluvě za svůj čin ap., ale be sorry about se užije o situaci či něčem, co nastalo. Např.: I felt sorry for him. - Bylo mi ho líto., I'm sorry for disturbing you. - Promiňte, že vás ruším. ALE I'm sorry about that. - To mě mrzí. Sorry se může vázat i s infinitivem. Např.: We're sorry to inform you ... - S politováním vám oznamujeme...

    Exercise 17

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    • Napište věty, které uslyšíte. Neužívejte stažené tvary. (Pište celými slovy.)

    3
    7
    9
    1
    4
    6
    5
    8
    2
    10

    Exercise 18

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    • Spojte výroky, které mají opačný význam.

    • 1 He's jobless.
    • 2 He made her angry.
    • 3 He's in good health.
    • 4 I'm enjoying it.
    • 5 He died there.
    • 6 I don't care about her.
    • 7 I have two siblings.
    • 8 I'm really hungry.
    • c I've eaten.
    • g I'm crazy about her.
    • f He calmed her down.
    • a He's seriously ill.
    • b I'm tired of it.
    • e He's employed.
    • h He was born there.
    • d I'm an only child.

    Exercise 19

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    • Doplňte větu posunutou do minulého času s užitím časové souslednosti.

    7 I believe he forgot about it. - I believed he it.
    10 I know what he's going to do. - I knew what he going to do.
    1 I think she is there. - I thought she there.
    3 I'm sure they have it. - I was sure they it.
    8 He says he was there. - He said he there.
    4 I suppose you know that. - I supposed you that.
    2 I'm afraid they're lost. - I was afraid they lost.
    5 I hope you'll come. - I hoped you come.
    9 I don't know who did it. - I didn't know who it.
    6 She says she'll help us. - She said she help us.

    Exercise 20

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    • Přeložte. Použijte nápovědu.

    1 Díváme se právě na film.
    just
    9 Dám si ještě jedno pivo.
    more
    8 Co ještě bych měl udělat?
    else
    2 Už jsi to poslal?
    yet
    4 Už odešli.
    already
    7 To bude ještě dražší.
    even
    10 Zkus to ještě jednou.
    again; more
    5 Neviděl jsem ho už měsíce.
    for months
    6 Ještě jsem to nečetl.
    yet
    3 Právě jsem to dodělal.
    just

    Exercise 21

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    • Doplňte překlady pomocí frázových sloves.

    4 Řekni mu, ať se uklidní. Tell him to down.
    9 Vydržte chvilku. Hold a minute.
    1 Už jsem zjistil, kolik to stojí. I've out how much it costs.
    5 Musím se přihlásit v hotelu. I must in at the hotel.
    2 Měl by nechat kouření. He should up smoking.
    10 Čti dál. on reading.
    14 (Dávej) pozor! Watch !
    12 Došel mi benzín. I've out of petrol.
    8 Letadlo už odstartovalo. The plane has off.
    7 Mám pustit televizi? Shall I on the TV?
    3 Chtějí si užít (života). They want to it up.
    13 Vyrazíme brzy ráno. We'll out early.
    6 Ceny domů vzrostly o... House prices up by ...
    11 Můžeme to odložit? Can we it off?

    Frázové sloveso go for má několik významů. Jeden z nejběžnějších je vybrat si nebo rozhodnout se pro. Např.: I'd go for this one. - Já bych si vybral tento. Ve významu platit pro... se užívá go for stejně jako sloveso apply to əˈplaɪˌtuː. Např.: That goes for you too., That applies to you too. - To platí i pro tebe. ap.

    Jaywalking ˈdʒeɪˌwɔːkɪŋ je neukázněné přecházení silnice. Termín jaywalker ˈdʒeɪˌwɔːkə je neukázněný chodec (přecházející na červenou, mimo přechod ap.).

    Exercise 23

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    • Vyberte správné slovo podle výkladu.

    6 When you get well again after being ill, you have tired/recovered/fainted.
    11 When you've done something many times and you have no problem doing it, you are used to/addicted to/interested in it.
    1 When two people are not a couple any more, they break up/down/in.
    5 To get a driving licence, you must first make/get/pass a driving test.
    8 When you give someone food, you say: Welcome/Cheers/Help yourself.
    4 If you want to eat healthily, you should get/avoid/order junk food.
    2 When you get divorced/married/bored you become a husband and wife.
    3 When a meeting is to take place later, it is put out/away/off.
    9 An old person who doesn't work anymore is wrapped/retired/admitted.
    7 When someone takes your things away, you are broken/robbed/stolen.
    10 The part of a street used for walking is called the jaywalk/sidewalk/walker.

    Obrat to hail a taxi znamená zastavit si taxi (mávnutím). Podobně se užívá fráze wave down a taxi (wave weɪv - mávnout, zamávat).

    Exercise 24

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    • Doplňte překlady.

    10 Bude to stát spoustu peněz. It'll cost a of money.
    5 Nechám to na vás. I'll it up to you.
    11 Mám raději čaj než kávu. I tea to coffee.
    2 Doufejme, že to vyjde. Let's hope it'll off.
    9 Byla okradena dvěma muži. She by two men.
    6 Zvykl jsem si na to. I used to it.
    12 Vyzvednu tě na letišti. I'll you up at the airport.
    13 Jeďte po této cestě. Go this road.
    4 Mám (moc) rád italské jídlo. I'm of Italian food.
    14 Ať neodchází! Don't him go!
    3 To zní zajímavě. That interesting.
    1 Zamilovala se do něho. She in love with him.
    8 Odjíždím v pátek ráno. I'm leaving Friday morning.
    7 Nejezdím po městě autem. I don't drive the city.

    Ať v rozkazu lze také někdy přeložit pomocí obratu make sure (that) (ujisti se/zajisti, že...) Např.: Make sure you don't lose it. - Ať to neztratíš., Make sure he doesn't break it. - Ať to nerozbije. ap.

    Exercise 25

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    • Přeložte. Použijte nápovědu.

    6 Nechce se mi tam jít.
    feel like
    2 Dám vám vědět co nejdřív.
    as soon as
    12 Neslyším vás.
    can
    5 Co takhle si dát pivo?
    pint
    13 To nevadí.
    mind
    1 Nevím, jak dlouho to potrvá.
    take
    3 Pokud vím, tak tady není.
    as far as
    10 Rádi bychom si objednali.
    order
    4 To je ale překvapení!
    surprise
    14 To rád slyším.
    glad
    8 To by bylo skvělé!
    great
    7 Nejsem z toho zrovna nadšený.
    crazy
    11 Platím já! (pití ap.)
    buy
    9 Změnil jsem názor.
    mind

    Pozor na slovo frekventovaný při překladu do angličtiny! Ve významu častý je to frequent. Chcete-li ale říct, že je něco často navštěvované nebo je zde velký provoz, užije se frequented frɪˈkwεntɪd. Např.: frequented road - frekventovaná silnice.

    Exercise 26

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    • Přeložte.

    6 Postarám se o to.
    5 Nevěděl jsem o tom.
    15 Nikdy jsem v Londýně nebyl.
    20 Hodně štěstí!
    14 Kdybych to měl, dal bych ti to.
    17 Jak dlouho už tady čekáte?
    2 Mám zpoždění.
    8 Nesmíš to nikomu říct.
    10 Nemusíte platit.
    1 Máte pravdu.
    4 Co se děje?
    3 Dlouho vás nezdržím.
    9 Co ještě potřebujete?
    19 Všechno nejlepší k narozeninám!
    13 Nechám to na vás.
    12 Ještě nepřišel.
    11 Musel jsem tam jít.
    7 Nebudu moci přijít.
    18 Učím se anglicky už dva roky.
    16 Bydlím tady už deset let.

    Sidewalk je americký termín. V Británii pro chodník užívají pavement ˈpeɪvmənt! V americké angličtině je ale pavement zpevněná vozovka (asfaltovaný povrch ap.).

    Připoutat se (v autě ap.) se hlavně v americké angličtině hovorově řekne buckle up ˈbʌkəlˌʌp. Např.: Buckle up! - Připoutej(te) se!

    Pozor! Slovo police se v angličtině chová jako podstatné jméno v množném čísle, tedy: The police are ..., The police have ... ap.! Např. The police are after him. - Jde po něm policie., Police say that ... - Policie říká, že...