Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Přeložte.

    18 I've been taking driving lessons.
    11 I'll do my best.
    9 What was I supposed to do?
    14 We had the house built.
    5 He has no sense of humour.
    4 They differ in many ways.
    7 He's known her for years.
    12 I'd love to, but I can't.
    6 It made him angry.
    17 I'm looking forward to that.
    3 It's getting worse.
    8 He's to come too.
    13 Have we met (before)?
    10 Can you give me a lift?
    1 How've you been?
    16 I'll do it asap.
    15 Have you done it yet?
    19 I was fined for speeding.
    2 I don't get it.

    Speeding spiːdɪŋ je překročení povolené rychlosti (speed - rychlost). Speeding ticket je pokuta za rychlost. Např.: He got a speeding ticket. - Dostal pokutu za rychlost.

    Exercise 2

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    • Poslechněte si nahrávku a určete, zda je tvrzení pravdivé (true), nebo nepravdivé (false).

    4 Americans mostly buy cars made in the US.
    5 New Yorkers are known to walk a lot around the city.
    2 John had an accident, but it wasn't his fault.
    8 The number of yellow cabs in New York is about 13.5 thousand.
    1 Bob was fined 400 dollars for driving too fast.
    6 Both the British and Americans like to use trains.
    7 Some 5 million people travel on the tube every day in London.
    3 They usually don't leave a tip in British pubs.

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte odpovídající výroky.

    • 1 I'll keep it on.
    • 2 I won't keep you long.
    • 3 He broke up with her.
    • 4 I'll find out.
    • 5 He made it up.
    • 6 I'll catch up with you.
    • 7 He's missing her.
    • 8 He was fired.
    • c Dostal vyhazov.
    • g Zjistím to.
    • e Nechám si to na sobě.
    • b Doženu vás.
    • d Rozešel se s ní.
    • g Nezdržím tě dlouho.
    • a Chybí mu.
    • f Vymyslel si to.

    Exercise 4

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    9 I'm sorry of/at/about that. I did it by/on/of mistake.
    6 Could you take/get/pick me up at the airport tomorrow?
    10 I usually go in/in/by car, but we met in/at/on the bus.
    5 Did you get my e-mail? - Yes, but I haven't red/read/readed it yet.
    1 Most from/of/in them didn't know.
    3 Jane and Bob prepared it himself/themselves/ourselves.
    4 He wasn't supposed to know. You couldn't/shouldn't/wouldn't have told him.
    2 How long will it ask/take/keep to get there? - About an hour.
    7 Come out/on/at. Hurry up! We'll be late.
    8 They took in/off/out a loan to buy a car.

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte členy, some nebo any, kde třeba.

    4 I bought new car. - What did you do with old one?
    10 USA and Canada are almost same size.
    14 I had busy day at work. I'm going to bed.
    9 Would you like more cake? - Yes. I haven't had yet.
    6 Can you give me hand? - I don't have time for that.
    5 Have wine! - Thanks, I don't drink alcohol.
    7 I had accident when driving to work this morning.
    3 Can you lend me money? - I don't have money.
    13 Take meat out of bag and put it in fridge.
    8 I saw it on TV yesterday when I was watching news.
    12 He's American who makes lot of money.
    2 Are there other ways? I can't think of .
    11 A boy from US met girl from Europe.
    1 Is there place where we could have dinner?

    Exercise 6

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    • Doplňte překlady vět.

    3 Je mi to jedno. I don't (about it).
    12 Počkám, až přijde. I'll wait him to come.
    9 Neměl bys mu o tom říkat. You tell him.
    1 Chystám se k odchodu. I'm to leave.
    6 Kolik peněz tam je? How money is there?
    4 Budete muset počkat. You'll wait.
    8 Pokud vím... As as I know ...
    5 Doufám, že ne. I hope .
    13 Bude to hotovo do pátku. It'll be finished Friday.
    11 To jídlo se může zkazit. The food may bad.
    7 Kolikrát jsi to už viděl? How many have you seen it?
    10 Lepší by bylo počkat. It better to wait.
    2 Byli jsme okradeni. We were .
    14 Co tím myslíte? What do you by that?

    Exercise 7

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    • Spojte související výroky.

    • 1 He had a house built ...
    • 2 I'll tell her about it ...
    • 3 I've been learning English ...
    • 4 I tried to call him ...
    • 5 We had to wait ...
    • 6 I'm really sorry about ...
    • 7 I had a car accident ...
    • 8 He was fined 500 dollars ...
    • h although she shouldn't know.
    • e but he isn't answering the phone.
    • f which made him angry.
    • c but he sold it soon after.
    • d but it wasn't my fault.
    • b what happened to her.
    • g until they came back.
    • a for about two years now.

    Exercise 8

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    13 We didn't meet on/at/by chance. We agreed to meet/meeting/met.
    10 I sent it at/to/in his e-mail address at/on/by accident.
    1 Are you looking forward to it? - Yes, I can't stay/afford/wait to see it.
    6 I'm feeling unwell. I'll have to see/meet/reach a doctor.
    8 I'm in a hurry. I must catch/reach/have the bus.
    5 Are you hungry? - Not right/really/hardly. But I'm thirsty.
    2 What's up, man? Long time no sea/see/say. How've you been?
    12 I met her in/on/at the bus although I usually go on/in/by car.
    7 Don't give up. You must stay/keep/last trying.
    3 He's a year younger, but he's a head longer/taller/higher than me.
    11 I came at/across/about an interesting article.
    9 There will be no meeting. It was called out/away/off.
    4 I'm trying! - I know but you must try stronger/harder/heavier!

    Předložka by také znamená kolem, vedle (o pohybu). Např.: A police car went by. - Kolem projelo policejní auto. Stop by je hovorově stavit se (za někým).

    Exercise 9

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    • Doplňte druhou větu tak, aby měla opačný význam.

    13 They helped me do it. - I did it .
    5 You must take off your glasses. - You must put your glasses.
    2 He's found a job. - He was .
    1 I have to work tomorrow. - I'm taking a day tomorrow.
    8 Don't bring him with you. - Feel to bring him with you.
    4 I threw it away. - I it.
    6 You can get there by car. - You have to there.
    10 I like both beer and wine. - I like beer wine.
    15 He does hardly any work. - He works really .
    12 She calmed him down. - She made him .
    9 It cost at least 300. - It cost at 300.
    7 The computer is still on. - The computer is .
    3 She needn't know about it. - She know about it.
    11 It's getting better. - It's getting .
    14 What time do you go to bed? - What time do you up?

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte správné tvary slovesa v nápovědě.

    1 Where be you last night?
    5 The house was sell for 20.000.
    8 He have an accident and was take to hospital.
    2 I haven't see you for ages!
    4 He's speak to her.
    9 I give it to him and I think he keep it.
    7 They meet years ago and become friends.
    10 He be here a moment ago and he leave a message for you.
    3 I've bring some wine.
    6 She was hit by a car.

    Slovo left znamená též zbylý. Užívá se hlavně ve spojení be left - zbýt, zbývat. Např.: There's nothing left. - Nic nezbylo., I don't have much money left. - Už mi nezbývá moc peněz. ap.

    Exercise 11

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    • Doplňte správnou předložku.

    8 They spend all their money food and clothes.
    12 Thank you so much. It's so nice you.
    5 We'll meet Christmas Eve at 7 p.m. my place.
    6 Don't worry that. I'll take care it.
    3 I'm too tired. I can't go .
    2 I'll see you Monday 4 p.m.
    11 Do you have it you? - No, I left it work.
    1 Only one 20 Americans don't have a car.
    4 He'll be back ten minutes. You can wait him.
    9 Look these two. Is there any difference them?
    10 What disease did he die ? It's not known.
    7 Who'll be looking the kids when she's gone?

    Američané často jako výraz díků říkají: I appreciate it. - Vážím si toho., Oceňuji to. (appreciate əˈpriːʃɪˌeɪt - oceňovat, vážit si)

    Exercise 12

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    • Utvořte otázky. Ptejte se na zvýrazněná slova.

    6 I've known her for 2 years.
    5 We'll spend the weekend at the seaside.
    8 I haven't sent it yet.
    7 It cost me over 500 dollars.
    9 He drank five beers.
    10 I've been learning English for a year.
    1 He left for work an hour ago.
    2 I've been waiting for an hour.
    3 Nobody else knows about it.
    4 I told Bob and Jane about it.

    Exercise 13

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    • Doplňte překlady vět pomocí trpného rodu.

    4 Srazilo je nákladní auto. They by a truck.
    11 Viděli ji, jak odchází. She leaving.
    1 Ukradli mu auto. His car .
    3 Mohli by ho vyhodit z práce. He could .
    7 Toto slovo se často neužívá. This word often.
    6 Tato auta se vyrábí v Japonsku. These cars in Japan.
    10 Ví se o něm, že je bohatý. He to be rich.
    8 Článek napsala dívka. The article by a girl.
    5 Postavili 3 nové domy. Three new houses .
    12 Našli ji o týden později. She a week later.
    2 Bude povýšena. She'll .
    9 Vzali ho na vysokou. He to college.

    I'm flattered. ˈflætəd nebo též I feel flattered. je česky Jsem polichocen.

    Exercise 14

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu tvary slovesa do nebo make.

    8 I need to a phone call.
    12 I only have 20 dollars. Will it ?
    14 He it to her angry.
    11 He a lot of money last year.
    1 Have you your homework?
    10 Please your best. It's very important.
    3 Stop fun of me!
    9 These photos me want to go on holiday.
    7 They a lot of damage when they broke in.
    15 it sense to you?
    13 This dress me look fat.
    5 I'm running late. I won't it in time.
    4 How did you at school? Were you a good student?
    2 I've a big mistake.
    6 We can't without their help.

    Exercise 15

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    • Doplňte odpovědi pomocí slovesa z otázky.

    1 Where did you go on holiday? - We to the seaside.
    6 How many times did you try it? - I it at least five times.
    10 Did you write down his name? - No, I his number.
    4 When did they send it? - They it last night.
    7 Did you buy any wine? - No, I only food.
    8 Did you understand him? - I only a few words.
    9 How did you feel when you found out? - I really bad.
    5 How long did you spend there? - We a week there.
    3 Did you get my message? - No, I no message.
    2 When did he lose his job? - He his job last year.

    Exercise 16

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    • Doplňte správnou předložku.

    5 It's too hot inside. I'll wait the pub.
    11 It's not for kids. You must be 18 years old to buy it.
    8 She used to work a teacher.
    10 It was a secret meeting. They met closed doors.
    1 Have you ever been the USA?
    4 It's very hot. The temperature is 30 degrees.
    6 I got it Christmas a friend of mine.
    3 I'm leaving Paris tomorrow.
    7 I'm tired listening to them. I'm leaving.
    9 It looks you are having a great time.
    2 We'll meet the airport.
    12 We'are all very sorry her death.

    Spojení feel sorry for se užívá, když někoho litujete, be sorry for hlavně při omluvě za svůj čin ap., ale be sorry about se užije o situaci či něčem, co nastalo. Např.: I felt sorry for him. - Bylo mi ho líto., I'm sorry for disturbing you. - Promiňte, že vás ruším. ALE I'm sorry about that. - To mě mrzí. Sorry se může vázat i s infinitivem. Např.: We're sorry to inform you ... - S politováním vám oznamujeme...

    Exercise 17

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    • Napište věty, které uslyšíte. Neužívejte stažené tvary. (Pište celými slovy.)

    9
    1
    4
    2
    8
    3
    5
    10
    6
    7

    Exercise 18

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    • Spojte výroky, které mají opačný význam.

    • 1 He's jobless.
    • 2 He made her angry.
    • 3 He's in good health.
    • 4 I'm enjoying it.
    • 5 He died there.
    • 6 I don't care about her.
    • 7 I have two siblings.
    • 8 I'm really hungry.
    • b I'm tired of it.
    • a He's seriously ill.
    • f He calmed her down.
    • e He's employed.
    • g I'm crazy about her.
    • h He was born there.
    • d I'm an only child.
    • c I've eaten.

    Exercise 19

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    • Doplňte větu posunutou do minulého času s užitím časové souslednosti.

    2 I'm afraid they're lost. - I was afraid they lost.
    6 She says she'll help us. - She said she help us.
    4 I suppose you know that. - I supposed you that.
    1 I think she is there. - I thought she there.
    8 He says he was there. - He said he there.
    3 I'm sure they have it. - I was sure they it.
    7 I believe he forgot about it. - I believed he it.
    9 I don't know who did it. - I didn't know who it.
    5 I hope you'll come. - I hoped you come.
    10 I know what he's going to do. - I knew what he going to do.

    Exercise 20

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    • Přeložte. Použijte nápovědu.

    8 Co ještě bych měl udělat?
    else
    4 Už odešli.
    already
    5 Neviděl jsem ho už měsíce.
    for months
    7 To bude ještě dražší.
    even
    2 Už jsi to poslal?
    yet
    1 Díváme se právě na film.
    just
    3 Právě jsem to dodělal.
    just
    6 Ještě jsem to nečetl.
    yet
    10 Zkus to ještě jednou.
    again; more
    9 Dám si ještě jedno pivo.
    more

    Exercise 21

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    • Doplňte překlady pomocí frázových sloves.

    3 Chtějí si užít (života). They want to it up.
    6 Ceny domů vzrostly o... House prices up by ...
    4 Řekni mu, ať se uklidní. Tell him to down.
    9 Vydržte chvilku. Hold a minute.
    12 Došel mi benzín. I've out of petrol.
    2 Měl by nechat kouření. He should up smoking.
    13 Vyrazíme brzy ráno. We'll out early.
    5 Musím se přihlásit v hotelu. I must in at the hotel.
    8 Letadlo už odstartovalo. The plane has off.
    14 (Dávej) pozor! Watch !
    7 Mám pustit televizi? Shall I on the TV?
    11 Můžeme to odložit? Can we it off?
    10 Čti dál. on reading.
    1 Už jsem zjistil, kolik to stojí. I've out how much it costs.

    Frázové sloveso go for má několik významů. Jeden z nejběžnějších je vybrat si nebo rozhodnout se pro. Např.: I'd go for this one. - Já bych si vybral tento. Ve významu platit pro... se užívá go for stejně jako sloveso apply to əˈplaɪˌtuː. Např.: That goes for you too., That applies to you too. - To platí i pro tebe. ap.

    Jaywalking ˈdʒeɪˌwɔːkɪŋ je neukázněné přecházení silnice. Termín jaywalker ˈdʒeɪˌwɔːkə je neukázněný chodec (přecházející na červenou, mimo přechod ap.).

    Exercise 23

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    • Vyberte správné slovo podle výkladu.

    9 An old person who doesn't work anymore is wrapped/retired/admitted.
    10 The part of a street used for walking is called the jaywalk/sidewalk/walker.
    2 When you get divorced/married/bored you become a husband and wife.
    3 When a meeting is to take place later, it is put out/away/off.
    11 When you've done something many times and you have no problem doing it, you are used to/addicted to/interested in it.
    8 When you give someone food, you say: Welcome/Cheers/Help yourself.
    4 If you want to eat healthily, you should get/avoid/order junk food.
    6 When you get well again after being ill, you have tired/recovered/fainted.
    7 When someone takes your things away, you are broken/robbed/stolen.
    1 When two people are not a couple any more, they break up/down/in.
    5 To get a driving licence, you must first make/get/pass a driving test.

    Obrat to hail a taxi znamená zastavit si taxi (mávnutím). Podobně se užívá fráze wave down a taxi (wave weɪv - mávnout, zamávat).

    Exercise 24

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    • Doplňte překlady.

    7 Nejezdím po městě autem. I don't drive the city.
    10 Bude to stát spoustu peněz. It'll cost a of money.
    8 Odjíždím v pátek ráno. I'm leaving Friday morning.
    11 Mám raději čaj než kávu. I tea to coffee.
    14 Ať neodchází! Don't him go!
    9 Byla okradena dvěma muži. She by two men.
    6 Zvykl jsem si na to. I used to it.
    3 To zní zajímavě. That interesting.
    1 Zamilovala se do něho. She in love with him.
    2 Doufejme, že to vyjde. Let's hope it'll off.
    13 Jeďte po této cestě. Go this road.
    5 Nechám to na vás. I'll it up to you.
    12 Vyzvednu tě na letišti. I'll you up at the airport.
    4 Mám (moc) rád italské jídlo. I'm of Italian food.

    Ať v rozkazu lze také někdy přeložit pomocí obratu make sure (that) (ujisti se/zajisti, že...) Např.: Make sure you don't lose it. - Ať to neztratíš., Make sure he doesn't break it. - Ať to nerozbije. ap.

    Exercise 25

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    • Přeložte. Použijte nápovědu.

    3 Pokud vím, tak tady není.
    as far as
    8 To by bylo skvělé!
    great
    10 Rádi bychom si objednali.
    order
    9 Změnil jsem názor.
    mind
    11 Platím já! (pití ap.)
    buy
    4 To je ale překvapení!
    surprise
    7 Nejsem z toho zrovna nadšený.
    crazy
    2 Dám vám vědět co nejdřív.
    as soon as
    13 To nevadí.
    mind
    14 To rád slyším.
    glad
    5 Co takhle si dát pivo?
    pint
    12 Neslyším vás.
    can
    6 Nechce se mi tam jít.
    feel like
    1 Nevím, jak dlouho to potrvá.
    take

    Pozor na slovo frekventovaný při překladu do angličtiny! Ve významu častý je to frequent. Chcete-li ale říct, že je něco často navštěvované nebo je zde velký provoz, užije se frequented frɪˈkwεntɪd. Např.: frequented road - frekventovaná silnice.

    Exercise 26

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    • Přeložte.

    20 Hodně štěstí!
    15 Nikdy jsem v Londýně nebyl.
    6 Postarám se o to.
    1 Máte pravdu.
    4 Co se děje?
    12 Ještě nepřišel.
    7 Nebudu moci přijít.
    8 Nesmíš to nikomu říct.
    13 Nechám to na vás.
    14 Kdybych to měl, dal bych ti to.
    19 Všechno nejlepší k narozeninám!
    3 Dlouho vás nezdržím.
    18 Učím se anglicky už dva roky.
    11 Musel jsem tam jít.
    9 Co ještě potřebujete?
    17 Jak dlouho už tady čekáte?
    16 Bydlím tady už deset let.
    5 Nevěděl jsem o tom.
    10 Nemusíte platit.
    2 Mám zpoždění.

    Sidewalk je americký termín. V Británii pro chodník užívají pavement ˈpeɪvmənt! V americké angličtině je ale pavement zpevněná vozovka (asfaltovaný povrch ap.).

    Připoutat se (v autě ap.) se hlavně v americké angličtině hovorově řekne buckle up ˈbʌkəlˌʌp. Např.: Buckle up! - Připoutej(te) se!

    Pozor! Slovo police se v angličtině chová jako podstatné jméno v množném čísle, tedy: The police are ..., The police have ... ap.! Např. The police are after him. - Jde po něm policie., Police say that ... - Policie říká, že...