Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Přeložte.

    13 Have we met (before)?
    1 How've you been?
    18 I've been taking driving lessons.
    4 They differ in many ways.
    2 I don't get it.
    17 I'm looking forward to that.
    10 Can you give me a lift?
    7 He's known her for years.
    9 What was I supposed to do?
    15 Have you done it yet?
    5 He has no sense of humour.
    14 We had the house built.
    3 It's getting worse.
    12 I'd love to, but I can't.
    19 I was fined for speeding.
    16 I'll do it asap.
    8 He's to come too.
    6 It made him angry.
    11 I'll do my best.

    Speeding spiːdɪŋ je překročení povolené rychlosti (speed - rychlost). Speeding ticket je pokuta za rychlost. Např.: He got a speeding ticket. - Dostal pokutu za rychlost.

    Exercise 2

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    • Poslechněte si nahrávku a určete, zda je tvrzení pravdivé (true), nebo nepravdivé (false).

    1 Bob was fined 400 dollars for driving too fast.
    8 The number of yellow cabs in New York is about 13.5 thousand.
    4 Americans mostly buy cars made in the US.
    3 They usually don't leave a tip in British pubs.
    6 Both the British and Americans like to use trains.
    5 New Yorkers are known to walk a lot around the city.
    7 Some 5 million people travel on the tube every day in London.
    2 John had an accident, but it wasn't his fault.

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte odpovídající výroky.

    • 1 I'll keep it on.
    • 2 I won't keep you long.
    • 3 He broke up with her.
    • 4 I'll find out.
    • 5 He made it up.
    • 6 I'll catch up with you.
    • 7 He's missing her.
    • 8 He was fired.
    • f Vymyslel si to.
    • g Nezdržím tě dlouho.
    • b Doženu vás.
    • a Chybí mu.
    • g Zjistím to.
    • c Dostal vyhazov.
    • d Rozešel se s ní.
    • e Nechám si to na sobě.

    Exercise 4

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    5 Did you get my e-mail? - Yes, but I haven't red/read/readed it yet.
    10 I usually go in/in/by car, but we met in/at/on the bus.
    7 Come out/on/at. Hurry up! We'll be late.
    2 How long will it ask/take/keep to get there? - About an hour.
    4 He wasn't supposed to know. You couldn't/shouldn't/wouldn't have told him.
    6 Could you take/get/pick me up at the airport tomorrow?
    1 Most from/of/in them didn't know.
    3 Jane and Bob prepared it himself/themselves/ourselves.
    8 They took in/off/out a loan to buy a car.
    9 I'm sorry of/at/about that. I did it by/on/of mistake.

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte členy, some nebo any, kde třeba.

    5 Have wine! - Thanks, I don't drink alcohol.
    3 Can you lend me money? - I don't have money.
    2 Are there other ways? I can't think of .
    14 I had busy day at work. I'm going to bed.
    13 Take meat out of bag and put it in fridge.
    9 Would you like more cake? - Yes. I haven't had yet.
    12 He's American who makes lot of money.
    7 I had accident when driving to work this morning.
    6 Can you give me hand? - I don't have time for that.
    1 Is there place where we could have dinner?
    11 A boy from US met girl from Europe.
    4 I bought new car. - What did you do with old one?
    10 USA and Canada are almost same size.
    8 I saw it on TV yesterday when I was watching news.

    Exercise 6

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    • Doplňte překlady vět.

    8 Pokud vím... As as I know ...
    14 Co tím myslíte? What do you by that?
    2 Byli jsme okradeni. We were .
    10 Lepší by bylo počkat. It better to wait.
    9 Neměl bys mu o tom říkat. You tell him.
    7 Kolikrát jsi to už viděl? How many have you seen it?
    6 Kolik peněz tam je? How money is there?
    11 To jídlo se může zkazit. The food may bad.
    13 Bude to hotovo do pátku. It'll be finished Friday.
    12 Počkám, až přijde. I'll wait him to come.
    4 Budete muset počkat. You'll wait.
    5 Doufám, že ne. I hope .
    1 Chystám se k odchodu. I'm to leave.
    3 Je mi to jedno. I don't (about it).

    Exercise 7

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    • Spojte související výroky.

    • 1 He had a house built ...
    • 2 I'll tell her about it ...
    • 3 I've been learning English ...
    • 4 I tried to call him ...
    • 5 We had to wait ...
    • 6 I'm really sorry about ...
    • 7 I had a car accident ...
    • 8 He was fined 500 dollars ...
    • d but it wasn't my fault.
    • b what happened to her.
    • h although she shouldn't know.
    • g until they came back.
    • a for about two years now.
    • c but he sold it soon after.
    • e but he isn't answering the phone.
    • f which made him angry.

    Exercise 8

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    7 Don't give up. You must stay/keep/last trying.
    11 I came at/across/about an interesting article.
    13 We didn't meet on/at/by chance. We agreed to meet/meeting/met.
    1 Are you looking forward to it? - Yes, I can't stay/afford/wait to see it.
    10 I sent it at/to/in his e-mail address at/on/by accident.
    8 I'm in a hurry. I must catch/reach/have the bus.
    12 I met her in/on/at the bus although I usually go on/in/by car.
    4 I'm trying! - I know but you must try stronger/harder/heavier!
    5 Are you hungry? - Not right/really/hardly. But I'm thirsty.
    3 He's a year younger, but he's a head longer/taller/higher than me.
    2 What's up, man? Long time no sea/see/say. How've you been?
    6 I'm feeling unwell. I'll have to see/meet/reach a doctor.
    9 There will be no meeting. It was called out/away/off.

    Předložka by také znamená kolem, vedle (o pohybu). Např.: A police car went by. - Kolem projelo policejní auto. Stop by je hovorově stavit se (za někým).

    Exercise 9

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    • Doplňte druhou větu tak, aby měla opačný význam.

    2 He's found a job. - He was .
    15 He does hardly any work. - He works really .
    3 She needn't know about it. - She know about it.
    10 I like both beer and wine. - I like beer wine.
    14 What time do you go to bed? - What time do you up?
    9 It cost at least 300. - It cost at 300.
    11 It's getting better. - It's getting .
    6 You can get there by car. - You have to there.
    8 Don't bring him with you. - Feel to bring him with you.
    5 You must take off your glasses. - You must put your glasses.
    7 The computer is still on. - The computer is .
    13 They helped me do it. - I did it .
    12 She calmed him down. - She made him .
    4 I threw it away. - I it.
    1 I have to work tomorrow. - I'm taking a day tomorrow.

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte správné tvary slovesa v nápovědě.

    4 He's speak to her.
    2 I haven't see you for ages!
    5 The house was sell for 20.000.
    3 I've bring some wine.
    7 They meet years ago and become friends.
    9 I give it to him and I think he keep it.
    6 She was hit by a car.
    1 Where be you last night?
    10 He be here a moment ago and he leave a message for you.
    8 He have an accident and was take to hospital.

    Slovo left znamená též zbylý. Užívá se hlavně ve spojení be left - zbýt, zbývat. Např.: There's nothing left. - Nic nezbylo., I don't have much money left. - Už mi nezbývá moc peněz. ap.

    Exercise 11

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    • Doplňte správnou předložku.

    4 He'll be back ten minutes. You can wait him.
    12 Thank you so much. It's so nice you.
    2 I'll see you Monday 4 p.m.
    8 They spend all their money food and clothes.
    11 Do you have it you? - No, I left it work.
    5 We'll meet Christmas Eve at 7 p.m. my place.
    3 I'm too tired. I can't go .
    7 Who'll be looking the kids when she's gone?
    6 Don't worry that. I'll take care it.
    10 What disease did he die ? It's not known.
    9 Look these two. Is there any difference them?
    1 Only one 20 Americans don't have a car.

    Američané často jako výraz díků říkají: I appreciate it. - Vážím si toho., Oceňuji to. (appreciate əˈpriːʃɪˌeɪt - oceňovat, vážit si)

    Exercise 12

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    • Utvořte otázky. Ptejte se na zvýrazněná slova.

    7 It cost me over 500 dollars.
    5 We'll spend the weekend at the seaside.
    10 I've been learning English for a year.
    6 I've known her for 2 years.
    2 I've been waiting for an hour.
    3 Nobody else knows about it.
    8 I haven't sent it yet.
    9 He drank five beers.
    1 He left for work an hour ago.
    4 I told Bob and Jane about it.

    Exercise 13

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    • Doplňte překlady vět pomocí trpného rodu.

    7 Toto slovo se často neužívá. This word often.
    3 Mohli by ho vyhodit z práce. He could .
    10 Ví se o něm, že je bohatý. He to be rich.
    9 Vzali ho na vysokou. He to college.
    5 Postavili 3 nové domy. Three new houses .
    12 Našli ji o týden později. She a week later.
    4 Srazilo je nákladní auto. They by a truck.
    1 Ukradli mu auto. His car .
    6 Tato auta se vyrábí v Japonsku. These cars in Japan.
    11 Viděli ji, jak odchází. She leaving.
    2 Bude povýšena. She'll .
    8 Článek napsala dívka. The article by a girl.

    I'm flattered. ˈflætəd nebo též I feel flattered. je česky Jsem polichocen.

    Exercise 14

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu tvary slovesa do nebo make.

    1 Have you your homework?
    5 I'm running late. I won't it in time.
    7 They a lot of damage when they broke in.
    10 Please your best. It's very important.
    2 I've a big mistake.
    13 This dress me look fat.
    3 Stop fun of me!
    8 I need to a phone call.
    9 These photos me want to go on holiday.
    14 He it to her angry.
    6 We can't without their help.
    12 I only have 20 dollars. Will it ?
    11 He a lot of money last year.
    15 it sense to you?
    4 How did you at school? Were you a good student?

    Exercise 15

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    • Doplňte odpovědi pomocí slovesa z otázky.

    8 Did you understand him? - I only a few words.
    9 How did you feel when you found out? - I really bad.
    3 Did you get my message? - No, I no message.
    1 Where did you go on holiday? - We to the seaside.
    6 How many times did you try it? - I it at least five times.
    2 When did he lose his job? - He his job last year.
    7 Did you buy any wine? - No, I only food.
    4 When did they send it? - They it last night.
    10 Did you write down his name? - No, I his number.
    5 How long did you spend there? - We a week there.

    Exercise 16

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    • Doplňte správnou předložku.

    10 It was a secret meeting. They met closed doors.
    7 I'm tired listening to them. I'm leaving.
    1 Have you ever been the USA?
    12 We'are all very sorry her death.
    3 I'm leaving Paris tomorrow.
    5 It's too hot inside. I'll wait the pub.
    11 It's not for kids. You must be 18 years old to buy it.
    9 It looks you are having a great time.
    8 She used to work a teacher.
    2 We'll meet the airport.
    4 It's very hot. The temperature is 30 degrees.
    6 I got it Christmas a friend of mine.

    Spojení feel sorry for se užívá, když někoho litujete, be sorry for hlavně při omluvě za svůj čin ap., ale be sorry about se užije o situaci či něčem, co nastalo. Např.: I felt sorry for him. - Bylo mi ho líto., I'm sorry for disturbing you. - Promiňte, že vás ruším. ALE I'm sorry about that. - To mě mrzí. Sorry se může vázat i s infinitivem. Např.: We're sorry to inform you ... - S politováním vám oznamujeme...

    Exercise 17

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    • Napište věty, které uslyšíte. Neužívejte stažené tvary. (Pište celými slovy.)

    7
    1
    8
    9
    5
    3
    4
    2
    10
    6

    Exercise 18

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    • Spojte výroky, které mají opačný význam.

    • 1 He's jobless.
    • 2 He made her angry.
    • 3 He's in good health.
    • 4 I'm enjoying it.
    • 5 He died there.
    • 6 I don't care about her.
    • 7 I have two siblings.
    • 8 I'm really hungry.
    • b I'm tired of it.
    • c I've eaten.
    • g I'm crazy about her.
    • e He's employed.
    • f He calmed her down.
    • h He was born there.
    • a He's seriously ill.
    • d I'm an only child.

    Exercise 19

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    • Doplňte větu posunutou do minulého času s užitím časové souslednosti.

    9 I don't know who did it. - I didn't know who it.
    2 I'm afraid they're lost. - I was afraid they lost.
    1 I think she is there. - I thought she there.
    10 I know what he's going to do. - I knew what he going to do.
    7 I believe he forgot about it. - I believed he it.
    6 She says she'll help us. - She said she help us.
    3 I'm sure they have it. - I was sure they it.
    8 He says he was there. - He said he there.
    4 I suppose you know that. - I supposed you that.
    5 I hope you'll come. - I hoped you come.

    Exercise 20

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    • Přeložte. Použijte nápovědu.

    10 Zkus to ještě jednou.
    again; more
    3 Právě jsem to dodělal.
    just
    6 Ještě jsem to nečetl.
    yet
    9 Dám si ještě jedno pivo.
    more
    4 Už odešli.
    already
    7 To bude ještě dražší.
    even
    5 Neviděl jsem ho už měsíce.
    for months
    1 Díváme se právě na film.
    just
    8 Co ještě bych měl udělat?
    else
    2 Už jsi to poslal?
    yet

    Exercise 21

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    • Doplňte překlady pomocí frázových sloves.

    6 Ceny domů vzrostly o... House prices up by ...
    7 Mám pustit televizi? Shall I on the TV?
    4 Řekni mu, ať se uklidní. Tell him to down.
    1 Už jsem zjistil, kolik to stojí. I've out how much it costs.
    11 Můžeme to odložit? Can we it off?
    10 Čti dál. on reading.
    13 Vyrazíme brzy ráno. We'll out early.
    5 Musím se přihlásit v hotelu. I must in at the hotel.
    8 Letadlo už odstartovalo. The plane has off.
    3 Chtějí si užít (života). They want to it up.
    9 Vydržte chvilku. Hold a minute.
    2 Měl by nechat kouření. He should up smoking.
    12 Došel mi benzín. I've out of petrol.
    14 (Dávej) pozor! Watch !

    Frázové sloveso go for má několik významů. Jeden z nejběžnějších je vybrat si nebo rozhodnout se pro. Např.: I'd go for this one. - Já bych si vybral tento. Ve významu platit pro... se užívá go for stejně jako sloveso apply to əˈplaɪˌtuː. Např.: That goes for you too., That applies to you too. - To platí i pro tebe. ap.

    Jaywalking ˈdʒeɪˌwɔːkɪŋ je neukázněné přecházení silnice. Termín jaywalker ˈdʒeɪˌwɔːkə je neukázněný chodec (přecházející na červenou, mimo přechod ap.).

    Exercise 23

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    • Vyberte správné slovo podle výkladu.

    4 If you want to eat healthily, you should get/avoid/order junk food.
    8 When you give someone food, you say: Welcome/Cheers/Help yourself.
    9 An old person who doesn't work anymore is wrapped/retired/admitted.
    5 To get a driving licence, you must first make/get/pass a driving test.
    10 The part of a street used for walking is called the jaywalk/sidewalk/walker.
    2 When you get divorced/married/bored you become a husband and wife.
    7 When someone takes your things away, you are broken/robbed/stolen.
    1 When two people are not a couple any more, they break up/down/in.
    3 When a meeting is to take place later, it is put out/away/off.
    6 When you get well again after being ill, you have tired/recovered/fainted.
    11 When you've done something many times and you have no problem doing it, you are used to/addicted to/interested in it.

    Obrat to hail a taxi znamená zastavit si taxi (mávnutím). Podobně se užívá fráze wave down a taxi (wave weɪv - mávnout, zamávat).

    Exercise 24

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    • Doplňte překlady.

    11 Mám raději čaj než kávu. I tea to coffee.
    6 Zvykl jsem si na to. I used to it.
    12 Vyzvednu tě na letišti. I'll you up at the airport.
    3 To zní zajímavě. That interesting.
    5 Nechám to na vás. I'll it up to you.
    8 Odjíždím v pátek ráno. I'm leaving Friday morning.
    13 Jeďte po této cestě. Go this road.
    7 Nejezdím po městě autem. I don't drive the city.
    4 Mám (moc) rád italské jídlo. I'm of Italian food.
    2 Doufejme, že to vyjde. Let's hope it'll off.
    14 Ať neodchází! Don't him go!
    1 Zamilovala se do něho. She in love with him.
    9 Byla okradena dvěma muži. She by two men.
    10 Bude to stát spoustu peněz. It'll cost a of money.

    Ať v rozkazu lze také někdy přeložit pomocí obratu make sure (that) (ujisti se/zajisti, že...) Např.: Make sure you don't lose it. - Ať to neztratíš., Make sure he doesn't break it. - Ať to nerozbije. ap.

    Exercise 25

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    • Přeložte. Použijte nápovědu.

    2 Dám vám vědět co nejdřív.
    as soon as
    10 Rádi bychom si objednali.
    order
    14 To rád slyším.
    glad
    9 Změnil jsem názor.
    mind
    8 To by bylo skvělé!
    great
    1 Nevím, jak dlouho to potrvá.
    take
    4 To je ale překvapení!
    surprise
    13 To nevadí.
    mind
    3 Pokud vím, tak tady není.
    as far as
    7 Nejsem z toho zrovna nadšený.
    crazy
    12 Neslyším vás.
    can
    5 Co takhle si dát pivo?
    pint
    11 Platím já! (pití ap.)
    buy
    6 Nechce se mi tam jít.
    feel like

    Pozor na slovo frekventovaný při překladu do angličtiny! Ve významu častý je to frequent. Chcete-li ale říct, že je něco často navštěvované nebo je zde velký provoz, užije se frequented frɪˈkwεntɪd. Např.: frequented road - frekventovaná silnice.

    Exercise 26

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    • Přeložte.

    20 Hodně štěstí!
    9 Co ještě potřebujete?
    6 Postarám se o to.
    15 Nikdy jsem v Londýně nebyl.
    18 Učím se anglicky už dva roky.
    4 Co se děje?
    3 Dlouho vás nezdržím.
    5 Nevěděl jsem o tom.
    2 Mám zpoždění.
    7 Nebudu moci přijít.
    14 Kdybych to měl, dal bych ti to.
    11 Musel jsem tam jít.
    1 Máte pravdu.
    19 Všechno nejlepší k narozeninám!
    17 Jak dlouho už tady čekáte?
    12 Ještě nepřišel.
    10 Nemusíte platit.
    16 Bydlím tady už deset let.
    8 Nesmíš to nikomu říct.
    13 Nechám to na vás.

    Sidewalk je americký termín. V Británii pro chodník užívají pavement ˈpeɪvmənt! V americké angličtině je ale pavement zpevněná vozovka (asfaltovaný povrch ap.).

    Připoutat se (v autě ap.) se hlavně v americké angličtině hovorově řekne buckle up ˈbʌkəlˌʌp. Např.: Buckle up! - Připoutej(te) se!

    Pozor! Slovo police se v angličtině chová jako podstatné jméno v množném čísle, tedy: The police are ..., The police have ... ap.! Např. The police are after him. - Jde po něm policie., Police say that ... - Policie říká, že...