Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Přeložte.

    10 Can you give me a lift?
    3 It's getting worse.
    9 What was I supposed to do?
    14 We had the house built.
    1 How've you been?
    13 Have we met (before)?
    5 He has no sense of humour.
    8 He's to come too.
    7 He's known her for years.
    15 Have you done it yet?
    17 I'm looking forward to that.
    11 I'll do my best.
    18 I've been taking driving lessons.
    6 It made him angry.
    2 I don't get it.
    19 I was fined for speeding.
    4 They differ in many ways.
    16 I'll do it asap.
    12 I'd love to, but I can't.

    Speeding spiːdɪŋ je překročení povolené rychlosti (speed - rychlost). Speeding ticket je pokuta za rychlost. Např.: He got a speeding ticket. - Dostal pokutu za rychlost.

    Exercise 2

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    • Poslechněte si nahrávku a určete, zda je tvrzení pravdivé (true), nebo nepravdivé (false).

    1 Bob was fined 400 dollars for driving too fast.
    8 The number of yellow cabs in New York is about 13.5 thousand.
    5 New Yorkers are known to walk a lot around the city.
    6 Both the British and Americans like to use trains.
    3 They usually don't leave a tip in British pubs.
    7 Some 5 million people travel on the tube every day in London.
    2 John had an accident, but it wasn't his fault.
    4 Americans mostly buy cars made in the US.

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte odpovídající výroky.

    • 1 I'll keep it on.
    • 2 I won't keep you long.
    • 3 He broke up with her.
    • 4 I'll find out.
    • 5 He made it up.
    • 6 I'll catch up with you.
    • 7 He's missing her.
    • 8 He was fired.
    • a Chybí mu.
    • g Nezdržím tě dlouho.
    • c Dostal vyhazov.
    • b Doženu vás.
    • g Zjistím to.
    • f Vymyslel si to.
    • e Nechám si to na sobě.
    • d Rozešel se s ní.

    Exercise 4

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    6 Could you take/get/pick me up at the airport tomorrow?
    9 I'm sorry of/at/about that. I did it by/on/of mistake.
    7 Come out/on/at. Hurry up! We'll be late.
    4 He wasn't supposed to know. You couldn't/shouldn't/wouldn't have told him.
    5 Did you get my e-mail? - Yes, but I haven't red/read/readed it yet.
    2 How long will it ask/take/keep to get there? - About an hour.
    10 I usually go in/in/by car, but we met in/at/on the bus.
    1 Most from/of/in them didn't know.
    8 They took in/off/out a loan to buy a car.
    3 Jane and Bob prepared it himself/themselves/ourselves.

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte členy, some nebo any, kde třeba.

    2 Are there other ways? I can't think of .
    4 I bought new car. - What did you do with old one?
    11 A boy from US met girl from Europe.
    12 He's American who makes lot of money.
    3 Can you lend me money? - I don't have money.
    9 Would you like more cake? - Yes. I haven't had yet.
    10 USA and Canada are almost same size.
    6 Can you give me hand? - I don't have time for that.
    8 I saw it on TV yesterday when I was watching news.
    13 Take meat out of bag and put it in fridge.
    5 Have wine! - Thanks, I don't drink alcohol.
    14 I had busy day at work. I'm going to bed.
    7 I had accident when driving to work this morning.
    1 Is there place where we could have dinner?

    Exercise 6

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    • Doplňte překlady vět.

    3 Je mi to jedno. I don't (about it).
    5 Doufám, že ne. I hope .
    11 To jídlo se může zkazit. The food may bad.
    8 Pokud vím... As as I know ...
    2 Byli jsme okradeni. We were .
    14 Co tím myslíte? What do you by that?
    7 Kolikrát jsi to už viděl? How many have you seen it?
    12 Počkám, až přijde. I'll wait him to come.
    4 Budete muset počkat. You'll wait.
    10 Lepší by bylo počkat. It better to wait.
    6 Kolik peněz tam je? How money is there?
    1 Chystám se k odchodu. I'm to leave.
    13 Bude to hotovo do pátku. It'll be finished Friday.
    9 Neměl bys mu o tom říkat. You tell him.

    Exercise 7

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    • Spojte související výroky.

    • 1 He had a house built ...
    • 2 I'll tell her about it ...
    • 3 I've been learning English ...
    • 4 I tried to call him ...
    • 5 We had to wait ...
    • 6 I'm really sorry about ...
    • 7 I had a car accident ...
    • 8 He was fined 500 dollars ...
    • b what happened to her.
    • g until they came back.
    • f which made him angry.
    • d but it wasn't my fault.
    • h although she shouldn't know.
    • a for about two years now.
    • e but he isn't answering the phone.
    • c but he sold it soon after.

    Exercise 8

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    13 We didn't meet on/at/by chance. We agreed to meet/meeting/met.
    10 I sent it at/to/in his e-mail address at/on/by accident.
    12 I met her in/on/at the bus although I usually go on/in/by car.
    3 He's a year younger, but he's a head longer/taller/higher than me.
    7 Don't give up. You must stay/keep/last trying.
    11 I came at/across/about an interesting article.
    5 Are you hungry? - Not right/really/hardly. But I'm thirsty.
    9 There will be no meeting. It was called out/away/off.
    2 What's up, man? Long time no sea/see/say. How've you been?
    6 I'm feeling unwell. I'll have to see/meet/reach a doctor.
    4 I'm trying! - I know but you must try stronger/harder/heavier!
    1 Are you looking forward to it? - Yes, I can't stay/afford/wait to see it.
    8 I'm in a hurry. I must catch/reach/have the bus.

    Předložka by také znamená kolem, vedle (o pohybu). Např.: A police car went by. - Kolem projelo policejní auto. Stop by je hovorově stavit se (za někým).

    Exercise 9

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    • Doplňte druhou větu tak, aby měla opačný význam.

    14 What time do you go to bed? - What time do you up?
    11 It's getting better. - It's getting .
    3 She needn't know about it. - She know about it.
    6 You can get there by car. - You have to there.
    1 I have to work tomorrow. - I'm taking a day tomorrow.
    15 He does hardly any work. - He works really .
    12 She calmed him down. - She made him .
    10 I like both beer and wine. - I like beer wine.
    4 I threw it away. - I it.
    8 Don't bring him with you. - Feel to bring him with you.
    5 You must take off your glasses. - You must put your glasses.
    2 He's found a job. - He was .
    7 The computer is still on. - The computer is .
    13 They helped me do it. - I did it .
    9 It cost at least 300. - It cost at 300.

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte správné tvary slovesa v nápovědě.

    6 She was hit by a car.
    9 I give it to him and I think he keep it.
    2 I haven't see you for ages!
    7 They meet years ago and become friends.
    10 He be here a moment ago and he leave a message for you.
    3 I've bring some wine.
    4 He's speak to her.
    8 He have an accident and was take to hospital.
    5 The house was sell for 20.000.
    1 Where be you last night?

    Slovo left znamená též zbylý. Užívá se hlavně ve spojení be left - zbýt, zbývat. Např.: There's nothing left. - Nic nezbylo., I don't have much money left. - Už mi nezbývá moc peněz. ap.

    Exercise 11

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    • Doplňte správnou předložku.

    7 Who'll be looking the kids when she's gone?
    5 We'll meet Christmas Eve at 7 p.m. my place.
    3 I'm too tired. I can't go .
    9 Look these two. Is there any difference them?
    6 Don't worry that. I'll take care it.
    10 What disease did he die ? It's not known.
    2 I'll see you Monday 4 p.m.
    12 Thank you so much. It's so nice you.
    11 Do you have it you? - No, I left it work.
    8 They spend all their money food and clothes.
    4 He'll be back ten minutes. You can wait him.
    1 Only one 20 Americans don't have a car.

    Američané často jako výraz díků říkají: I appreciate it. - Vážím si toho., Oceňuji to. (appreciate əˈpriːʃɪˌeɪt - oceňovat, vážit si)

    Exercise 12

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    • Utvořte otázky. Ptejte se na zvýrazněná slova.

    9 He drank five beers.
    2 I've been waiting for an hour.
    7 It cost me over 500 dollars.
    10 I've been learning English for a year.
    4 I told Bob and Jane about it.
    1 He left for work an hour ago.
    5 We'll spend the weekend at the seaside.
    6 I've known her for 2 years.
    8 I haven't sent it yet.
    3 Nobody else knows about it.

    Exercise 13

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    • Doplňte překlady vět pomocí trpného rodu.

    2 Bude povýšena. She'll .
    5 Postavili 3 nové domy. Three new houses .
    1 Ukradli mu auto. His car .
    8 Článek napsala dívka. The article by a girl.
    12 Našli ji o týden později. She a week later.
    11 Viděli ji, jak odchází. She leaving.
    9 Vzali ho na vysokou. He to college.
    3 Mohli by ho vyhodit z práce. He could .
    7 Toto slovo se často neužívá. This word often.
    6 Tato auta se vyrábí v Japonsku. These cars in Japan.
    10 Ví se o něm, že je bohatý. He to be rich.
    4 Srazilo je nákladní auto. They by a truck.

    I'm flattered. ˈflætəd nebo též I feel flattered. je česky Jsem polichocen.

    Exercise 14

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu tvary slovesa do nebo make.

    15 it sense to you?
    5 I'm running late. I won't it in time.
    7 They a lot of damage when they broke in.
    9 These photos me want to go on holiday.
    11 He a lot of money last year.
    13 This dress me look fat.
    6 We can't without their help.
    4 How did you at school? Were you a good student?
    1 Have you your homework?
    8 I need to a phone call.
    14 He it to her angry.
    10 Please your best. It's very important.
    12 I only have 20 dollars. Will it ?
    2 I've a big mistake.
    3 Stop fun of me!

    Exercise 15

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    • Doplňte odpovědi pomocí slovesa z otázky.

    1 Where did you go on holiday? - We to the seaside.
    2 When did he lose his job? - He his job last year.
    5 How long did you spend there? - We a week there.
    6 How many times did you try it? - I it at least five times.
    9 How did you feel when you found out? - I really bad.
    8 Did you understand him? - I only a few words.
    7 Did you buy any wine? - No, I only food.
    10 Did you write down his name? - No, I his number.
    3 Did you get my message? - No, I no message.
    4 When did they send it? - They it last night.

    Exercise 16

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    • Doplňte správnou předložku.

    9 It looks you are having a great time.
    5 It's too hot inside. I'll wait the pub.
    11 It's not for kids. You must be 18 years old to buy it.
    2 We'll meet the airport.
    1 Have you ever been the USA?
    3 I'm leaving Paris tomorrow.
    8 She used to work a teacher.
    6 I got it Christmas a friend of mine.
    7 I'm tired listening to them. I'm leaving.
    10 It was a secret meeting. They met closed doors.
    12 We'are all very sorry her death.
    4 It's very hot. The temperature is 30 degrees.

    Spojení feel sorry for se užívá, když někoho litujete, be sorry for hlavně při omluvě za svůj čin ap., ale be sorry about se užije o situaci či něčem, co nastalo. Např.: I felt sorry for him. - Bylo mi ho líto., I'm sorry for disturbing you. - Promiňte, že vás ruším. ALE I'm sorry about that. - To mě mrzí. Sorry se může vázat i s infinitivem. Např.: We're sorry to inform you ... - S politováním vám oznamujeme...

    Exercise 17

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    • Napište věty, které uslyšíte. Neužívejte stažené tvary. (Pište celými slovy.)

    9
    1
    5
    7
    10
    6
    2
    4
    3
    8

    Exercise 18

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    • Spojte výroky, které mají opačný význam.

    • 1 He's jobless.
    • 2 He made her angry.
    • 3 He's in good health.
    • 4 I'm enjoying it.
    • 5 He died there.
    • 6 I don't care about her.
    • 7 I have two siblings.
    • 8 I'm really hungry.
    • f He calmed her down.
    • a He's seriously ill.
    • d I'm an only child.
    • e He's employed.
    • b I'm tired of it.
    • g I'm crazy about her.
    • c I've eaten.
    • h He was born there.

    Exercise 19

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    • Doplňte větu posunutou do minulého času s užitím časové souslednosti.

    4 I suppose you know that. - I supposed you that.
    5 I hope you'll come. - I hoped you come.
    6 She says she'll help us. - She said she help us.
    10 I know what he's going to do. - I knew what he going to do.
    8 He says he was there. - He said he there.
    1 I think she is there. - I thought she there.
    9 I don't know who did it. - I didn't know who it.
    7 I believe he forgot about it. - I believed he it.
    3 I'm sure they have it. - I was sure they it.
    2 I'm afraid they're lost. - I was afraid they lost.

    Exercise 20

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    • Přeložte. Použijte nápovědu.

    8 Co ještě bych měl udělat?
    else
    6 Ještě jsem to nečetl.
    yet
    3 Právě jsem to dodělal.
    just
    7 To bude ještě dražší.
    even
    9 Dám si ještě jedno pivo.
    more
    1 Díváme se právě na film.
    just
    2 Už jsi to poslal?
    yet
    5 Neviděl jsem ho už měsíce.
    for months
    10 Zkus to ještě jednou.
    again; more
    4 Už odešli.
    already

    Exercise 21

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    • Doplňte překlady pomocí frázových sloves.

    10 Čti dál. on reading.
    13 Vyrazíme brzy ráno. We'll out early.
    9 Vydržte chvilku. Hold a minute.
    12 Došel mi benzín. I've out of petrol.
    7 Mám pustit televizi? Shall I on the TV?
    2 Měl by nechat kouření. He should up smoking.
    4 Řekni mu, ať se uklidní. Tell him to down.
    1 Už jsem zjistil, kolik to stojí. I've out how much it costs.
    5 Musím se přihlásit v hotelu. I must in at the hotel.
    3 Chtějí si užít (života). They want to it up.
    14 (Dávej) pozor! Watch !
    8 Letadlo už odstartovalo. The plane has off.
    11 Můžeme to odložit? Can we it off?
    6 Ceny domů vzrostly o... House prices up by ...

    Frázové sloveso go for má několik významů. Jeden z nejběžnějších je vybrat si nebo rozhodnout se pro. Např.: I'd go for this one. - Já bych si vybral tento. Ve významu platit pro... se užívá go for stejně jako sloveso apply to əˈplaɪˌtuː. Např.: That goes for you too., That applies to you too. - To platí i pro tebe. ap.

    Jaywalking ˈdʒeɪˌwɔːkɪŋ je neukázněné přecházení silnice. Termín jaywalker ˈdʒeɪˌwɔːkə je neukázněný chodec (přecházející na červenou, mimo přechod ap.).

    Exercise 23

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    • Vyberte správné slovo podle výkladu.

    3 When a meeting is to take place later, it is put out/away/off.
    1 When two people are not a couple any more, they break up/down/in.
    5 To get a driving licence, you must first make/get/pass a driving test.
    8 When you give someone food, you say: Welcome/Cheers/Help yourself.
    4 If you want to eat healthily, you should get/avoid/order junk food.
    7 When someone takes your things away, you are broken/robbed/stolen.
    2 When you get divorced/married/bored you become a husband and wife.
    9 An old person who doesn't work anymore is wrapped/retired/admitted.
    11 When you've done something many times and you have no problem doing it, you are used to/addicted to/interested in it.
    6 When you get well again after being ill, you have tired/recovered/fainted.
    10 The part of a street used for walking is called the jaywalk/sidewalk/walker.

    Obrat to hail a taxi znamená zastavit si taxi (mávnutím). Podobně se užívá fráze wave down a taxi (wave weɪv - mávnout, zamávat).

    Exercise 24

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    • Doplňte překlady.

    3 To zní zajímavě. That interesting.
    6 Zvykl jsem si na to. I used to it.
    8 Odjíždím v pátek ráno. I'm leaving Friday morning.
    2 Doufejme, že to vyjde. Let's hope it'll off.
    7 Nejezdím po městě autem. I don't drive the city.
    11 Mám raději čaj než kávu. I tea to coffee.
    12 Vyzvednu tě na letišti. I'll you up at the airport.
    5 Nechám to na vás. I'll it up to you.
    13 Jeďte po této cestě. Go this road.
    4 Mám (moc) rád italské jídlo. I'm of Italian food.
    10 Bude to stát spoustu peněz. It'll cost a of money.
    14 Ať neodchází! Don't him go!
    9 Byla okradena dvěma muži. She by two men.
    1 Zamilovala se do něho. She in love with him.

    Ať v rozkazu lze také někdy přeložit pomocí obratu make sure (that) (ujisti se/zajisti, že...) Např.: Make sure you don't lose it. - Ať to neztratíš., Make sure he doesn't break it. - Ať to nerozbije. ap.

    Exercise 25

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    • Přeložte. Použijte nápovědu.

    8 To by bylo skvělé!
    great
    1 Nevím, jak dlouho to potrvá.
    take
    12 Neslyším vás.
    can
    9 Změnil jsem názor.
    mind
    11 Platím já! (pití ap.)
    buy
    4 To je ale překvapení!
    surprise
    13 To nevadí.
    mind
    5 Co takhle si dát pivo?
    pint
    14 To rád slyším.
    glad
    2 Dám vám vědět co nejdřív.
    as soon as
    3 Pokud vím, tak tady není.
    as far as
    6 Nechce se mi tam jít.
    feel like
    10 Rádi bychom si objednali.
    order
    7 Nejsem z toho zrovna nadšený.
    crazy

    Pozor na slovo frekventovaný při překladu do angličtiny! Ve významu častý je to frequent. Chcete-li ale říct, že je něco často navštěvované nebo je zde velký provoz, užije se frequented frɪˈkwεntɪd. Např.: frequented road - frekventovaná silnice.

    Exercise 26

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    • Přeložte.

    18 Učím se anglicky už dva roky.
    1 Máte pravdu.
    14 Kdybych to měl, dal bych ti to.
    7 Nebudu moci přijít.
    13 Nechám to na vás.
    9 Co ještě potřebujete?
    20 Hodně štěstí!
    10 Nemusíte platit.
    17 Jak dlouho už tady čekáte?
    4 Co se děje?
    12 Ještě nepřišel.
    6 Postarám se o to.
    5 Nevěděl jsem o tom.
    16 Bydlím tady už deset let.
    3 Dlouho vás nezdržím.
    19 Všechno nejlepší k narozeninám!
    11 Musel jsem tam jít.
    8 Nesmíš to nikomu říct.
    2 Mám zpoždění.
    15 Nikdy jsem v Londýně nebyl.

    Sidewalk je americký termín. V Británii pro chodník užívají pavement ˈpeɪvmənt! V americké angličtině je ale pavement zpevněná vozovka (asfaltovaný povrch ap.).

    Připoutat se (v autě ap.) se hlavně v americké angličtině hovorově řekne buckle up ˈbʌkəlˌʌp. Např.: Buckle up! - Připoutej(te) se!

    Pozor! Slovo police se v angličtině chová jako podstatné jméno v množném čísle, tedy: The police are ..., The police have ... ap.! Např. The police are after him. - Jde po něm policie., Police say that ... - Policie říká, že...