Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Přeložte.

    14 We had the house built.
    12 I'd love to, but I can't.
    15 Have you done it yet?
    5 He has no sense of humour.
    8 He's to come too.
    9 What was I supposed to do?
    18 I've been taking driving lessons.
    11 I'll do my best.
    3 It's getting worse.
    6 It made him angry.
    1 How've you been?
    10 Can you give me a lift?
    19 I was fined for speeding.
    13 Have we met (before)?
    7 He's known her for years.
    17 I'm looking forward to that.
    2 I don't get it.
    16 I'll do it asap.
    4 They differ in many ways.

    Speeding spiːdɪŋ je překročení povolené rychlosti (speed - rychlost). Speeding ticket je pokuta za rychlost. Např.: He got a speeding ticket. - Dostal pokutu za rychlost.

    Exercise 2

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    • Poslechněte si nahrávku a určete, zda je tvrzení pravdivé (true), nebo nepravdivé (false).

    8 The number of yellow cabs in New York is about 13.5 thousand.
    2 John had an accident, but it wasn't his fault.
    4 Americans mostly buy cars made in the US.
    6 Both the British and Americans like to use trains.
    5 New Yorkers are known to walk a lot around the city.
    7 Some 5 million people travel on the tube every day in London.
    3 They usually don't leave a tip in British pubs.
    1 Bob was fined 400 dollars for driving too fast.

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte odpovídající výroky.

    • 1 I'll keep it on.
    • 2 I won't keep you long.
    • 3 He broke up with her.
    • 4 I'll find out.
    • 5 He made it up.
    • 6 I'll catch up with you.
    • 7 He's missing her.
    • 8 He was fired.
    • b Doženu vás.
    • e Nechám si to na sobě.
    • g Nezdržím tě dlouho.
    • f Vymyslel si to.
    • a Chybí mu.
    • g Zjistím to.
    • d Rozešel se s ní.
    • c Dostal vyhazov.

    Exercise 4

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    6 Could you take/get/pick me up at the airport tomorrow?
    10 I usually go in/in/by car, but we met in/at/on the bus.
    1 Most from/of/in them didn't know.
    9 I'm sorry of/at/about that. I did it by/on/of mistake.
    3 Jane and Bob prepared it himself/themselves/ourselves.
    5 Did you get my e-mail? - Yes, but I haven't red/read/readed it yet.
    2 How long will it ask/take/keep to get there? - About an hour.
    8 They took in/off/out a loan to buy a car.
    4 He wasn't supposed to know. You couldn't/shouldn't/wouldn't have told him.
    7 Come out/on/at. Hurry up! We'll be late.

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte členy, some nebo any, kde třeba.

    10 USA and Canada are almost same size.
    11 A boy from US met girl from Europe.
    12 He's American who makes lot of money.
    8 I saw it on TV yesterday when I was watching news.
    7 I had accident when driving to work this morning.
    1 Is there place where we could have dinner?
    13 Take meat out of bag and put it in fridge.
    4 I bought new car. - What did you do with old one?
    5 Have wine! - Thanks, I don't drink alcohol.
    3 Can you lend me money? - I don't have money.
    2 Are there other ways? I can't think of .
    9 Would you like more cake? - Yes. I haven't had yet.
    14 I had busy day at work. I'm going to bed.
    6 Can you give me hand? - I don't have time for that.

    Exercise 6

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    • Doplňte překlady vět.

    5 Doufám, že ne. I hope .
    9 Neměl bys mu o tom říkat. You tell him.
    10 Lepší by bylo počkat. It better to wait.
    3 Je mi to jedno. I don't (about it).
    13 Bude to hotovo do pátku. It'll be finished Friday.
    1 Chystám se k odchodu. I'm to leave.
    11 To jídlo se může zkazit. The food may bad.
    2 Byli jsme okradeni. We were .
    8 Pokud vím... As as I know ...
    4 Budete muset počkat. You'll wait.
    14 Co tím myslíte? What do you by that?
    6 Kolik peněz tam je? How money is there?
    12 Počkám, až přijde. I'll wait him to come.
    7 Kolikrát jsi to už viděl? How many have you seen it?

    Exercise 7

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    • Spojte související výroky.

    • 1 He had a house built ...
    • 2 I'll tell her about it ...
    • 3 I've been learning English ...
    • 4 I tried to call him ...
    • 5 We had to wait ...
    • 6 I'm really sorry about ...
    • 7 I had a car accident ...
    • 8 He was fined 500 dollars ...
    • e but he isn't answering the phone.
    • g until they came back.
    • f which made him angry.
    • b what happened to her.
    • h although she shouldn't know.
    • a for about two years now.
    • c but he sold it soon after.
    • d but it wasn't my fault.

    Exercise 8

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    2 What's up, man? Long time no sea/see/say. How've you been?
    12 I met her in/on/at the bus although I usually go on/in/by car.
    1 Are you looking forward to it? - Yes, I can't stay/afford/wait to see it.
    5 Are you hungry? - Not right/really/hardly. But I'm thirsty.
    13 We didn't meet on/at/by chance. We agreed to meet/meeting/met.
    9 There will be no meeting. It was called out/away/off.
    11 I came at/across/about an interesting article.
    6 I'm feeling unwell. I'll have to see/meet/reach a doctor.
    3 He's a year younger, but he's a head longer/taller/higher than me.
    4 I'm trying! - I know but you must try stronger/harder/heavier!
    10 I sent it at/to/in his e-mail address at/on/by accident.
    8 I'm in a hurry. I must catch/reach/have the bus.
    7 Don't give up. You must stay/keep/last trying.

    Předložka by také znamená kolem, vedle (o pohybu). Např.: A police car went by. - Kolem projelo policejní auto. Stop by je hovorově stavit se (za někým).

    Exercise 9

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    • Doplňte druhou větu tak, aby měla opačný význam.

    14 What time do you go to bed? - What time do you up?
    4 I threw it away. - I it.
    12 She calmed him down. - She made him .
    13 They helped me do it. - I did it .
    10 I like both beer and wine. - I like beer wine.
    15 He does hardly any work. - He works really .
    9 It cost at least 300. - It cost at 300.
    11 It's getting better. - It's getting .
    3 She needn't know about it. - She know about it.
    5 You must take off your glasses. - You must put your glasses.
    1 I have to work tomorrow. - I'm taking a day tomorrow.
    8 Don't bring him with you. - Feel to bring him with you.
    2 He's found a job. - He was .
    7 The computer is still on. - The computer is .
    6 You can get there by car. - You have to there.

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte správné tvary slovesa v nápovědě.

    9 I give it to him and I think he keep it.
    10 He be here a moment ago and he leave a message for you.
    5 The house was sell for 20.000.
    1 Where be you last night?
    3 I've bring some wine.
    4 He's speak to her.
    8 He have an accident and was take to hospital.
    6 She was hit by a car.
    2 I haven't see you for ages!
    7 They meet years ago and become friends.

    Slovo left znamená též zbylý. Užívá se hlavně ve spojení be left - zbýt, zbývat. Např.: There's nothing left. - Nic nezbylo., I don't have much money left. - Už mi nezbývá moc peněz. ap.

    Exercise 11

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    • Doplňte správnou předložku.

    10 What disease did he die ? It's not known.
    1 Only one 20 Americans don't have a car.
    4 He'll be back ten minutes. You can wait him.
    7 Who'll be looking the kids when she's gone?
    11 Do you have it you? - No, I left it work.
    5 We'll meet Christmas Eve at 7 p.m. my place.
    3 I'm too tired. I can't go .
    12 Thank you so much. It's so nice you.
    6 Don't worry that. I'll take care it.
    2 I'll see you Monday 4 p.m.
    8 They spend all their money food and clothes.
    9 Look these two. Is there any difference them?

    Američané často jako výraz díků říkají: I appreciate it. - Vážím si toho., Oceňuji to. (appreciate əˈpriːʃɪˌeɪt - oceňovat, vážit si)

    Exercise 12

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    • Utvořte otázky. Ptejte se na zvýrazněná slova.

    8 I haven't sent it yet.
    4 I told Bob and Jane about it.
    5 We'll spend the weekend at the seaside.
    10 I've been learning English for a year.
    9 He drank five beers.
    1 He left for work an hour ago.
    7 It cost me over 500 dollars.
    3 Nobody else knows about it.
    2 I've been waiting for an hour.
    6 I've known her for 2 years.

    Exercise 13

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    • Doplňte překlady vět pomocí trpného rodu.

    1 Ukradli mu auto. His car .
    2 Bude povýšena. She'll .
    9 Vzali ho na vysokou. He to college.
    5 Postavili 3 nové domy. Three new houses .
    8 Článek napsala dívka. The article by a girl.
    11 Viděli ji, jak odchází. She leaving.
    12 Našli ji o týden později. She a week later.
    3 Mohli by ho vyhodit z práce. He could .
    7 Toto slovo se často neužívá. This word often.
    10 Ví se o něm, že je bohatý. He to be rich.
    4 Srazilo je nákladní auto. They by a truck.
    6 Tato auta se vyrábí v Japonsku. These cars in Japan.

    I'm flattered. ˈflætəd nebo též I feel flattered. je česky Jsem polichocen.

    Exercise 14

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu tvary slovesa do nebo make.

    12 I only have 20 dollars. Will it ?
    2 I've a big mistake.
    14 He it to her angry.
    7 They a lot of damage when they broke in.
    11 He a lot of money last year.
    4 How did you at school? Were you a good student?
    3 Stop fun of me!
    10 Please your best. It's very important.
    13 This dress me look fat.
    1 Have you your homework?
    6 We can't without their help.
    15 it sense to you?
    5 I'm running late. I won't it in time.
    8 I need to a phone call.
    9 These photos me want to go on holiday.

    Exercise 15

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    • Doplňte odpovědi pomocí slovesa z otázky.

    5 How long did you spend there? - We a week there.
    9 How did you feel when you found out? - I really bad.
    10 Did you write down his name? - No, I his number.
    3 Did you get my message? - No, I no message.
    7 Did you buy any wine? - No, I only food.
    6 How many times did you try it? - I it at least five times.
    4 When did they send it? - They it last night.
    1 Where did you go on holiday? - We to the seaside.
    8 Did you understand him? - I only a few words.
    2 When did he lose his job? - He his job last year.

    Exercise 16

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    • Doplňte správnou předložku.

    5 It's too hot inside. I'll wait the pub.
    1 Have you ever been the USA?
    9 It looks you are having a great time.
    8 She used to work a teacher.
    3 I'm leaving Paris tomorrow.
    11 It's not for kids. You must be 18 years old to buy it.
    2 We'll meet the airport.
    12 We'are all very sorry her death.
    4 It's very hot. The temperature is 30 degrees.
    10 It was a secret meeting. They met closed doors.
    6 I got it Christmas a friend of mine.
    7 I'm tired listening to them. I'm leaving.

    Spojení feel sorry for se užívá, když někoho litujete, be sorry for hlavně při omluvě za svůj čin ap., ale be sorry about se užije o situaci či něčem, co nastalo. Např.: I felt sorry for him. - Bylo mi ho líto., I'm sorry for disturbing you. - Promiňte, že vás ruším. ALE I'm sorry about that. - To mě mrzí. Sorry se může vázat i s infinitivem. Např.: We're sorry to inform you ... - S politováním vám oznamujeme...

    Exercise 17

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    • Napište věty, které uslyšíte. Neužívejte stažené tvary. (Pište celými slovy.)

    10
    9
    4
    5
    7
    8
    6
    1
    3
    2

    Exercise 18

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    • Spojte výroky, které mají opačný význam.

    • 1 He's jobless.
    • 2 He made her angry.
    • 3 He's in good health.
    • 4 I'm enjoying it.
    • 5 He died there.
    • 6 I don't care about her.
    • 7 I have two siblings.
    • 8 I'm really hungry.
    • b I'm tired of it.
    • h He was born there.
    • d I'm an only child.
    • e He's employed.
    • c I've eaten.
    • f He calmed her down.
    • a He's seriously ill.
    • g I'm crazy about her.

    Exercise 19

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    • Doplňte větu posunutou do minulého času s užitím časové souslednosti.

    7 I believe he forgot about it. - I believed he it.
    4 I suppose you know that. - I supposed you that.
    3 I'm sure they have it. - I was sure they it.
    10 I know what he's going to do. - I knew what he going to do.
    9 I don't know who did it. - I didn't know who it.
    6 She says she'll help us. - She said she help us.
    5 I hope you'll come. - I hoped you come.
    8 He says he was there. - He said he there.
    1 I think she is there. - I thought she there.
    2 I'm afraid they're lost. - I was afraid they lost.

    Exercise 20

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    • Přeložte. Použijte nápovědu.

    4 Už odešli.
    already
    3 Právě jsem to dodělal.
    just
    2 Už jsi to poslal?
    yet
    1 Díváme se právě na film.
    just
    9 Dám si ještě jedno pivo.
    more
    6 Ještě jsem to nečetl.
    yet
    5 Neviděl jsem ho už měsíce.
    for months
    7 To bude ještě dražší.
    even
    10 Zkus to ještě jednou.
    again; more
    8 Co ještě bych měl udělat?
    else

    Exercise 21

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    • Doplňte překlady pomocí frázových sloves.

    1 Už jsem zjistil, kolik to stojí. I've out how much it costs.
    5 Musím se přihlásit v hotelu. I must in at the hotel.
    2 Měl by nechat kouření. He should up smoking.
    14 (Dávej) pozor! Watch !
    4 Řekni mu, ať se uklidní. Tell him to down.
    8 Letadlo už odstartovalo. The plane has off.
    11 Můžeme to odložit? Can we it off?
    13 Vyrazíme brzy ráno. We'll out early.
    9 Vydržte chvilku. Hold a minute.
    3 Chtějí si užít (života). They want to it up.
    6 Ceny domů vzrostly o... House prices up by ...
    12 Došel mi benzín. I've out of petrol.
    10 Čti dál. on reading.
    7 Mám pustit televizi? Shall I on the TV?

    Frázové sloveso go for má několik významů. Jeden z nejběžnějších je vybrat si nebo rozhodnout se pro. Např.: I'd go for this one. - Já bych si vybral tento. Ve významu platit pro... se užívá go for stejně jako sloveso apply to əˈplaɪˌtuː. Např.: That goes for you too., That applies to you too. - To platí i pro tebe. ap.

    Jaywalking ˈdʒeɪˌwɔːkɪŋ je neukázněné přecházení silnice. Termín jaywalker ˈdʒeɪˌwɔːkə je neukázněný chodec (přecházející na červenou, mimo přechod ap.).

    Exercise 23

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    • Vyberte správné slovo podle výkladu.

    11 When you've done something many times and you have no problem doing it, you are used to/addicted to/interested in it.
    4 If you want to eat healthily, you should get/avoid/order junk food.
    10 The part of a street used for walking is called the jaywalk/sidewalk/walker.
    7 When someone takes your things away, you are broken/robbed/stolen.
    2 When you get divorced/married/bored you become a husband and wife.
    5 To get a driving licence, you must first make/get/pass a driving test.
    8 When you give someone food, you say: Welcome/Cheers/Help yourself.
    6 When you get well again after being ill, you have tired/recovered/fainted.
    9 An old person who doesn't work anymore is wrapped/retired/admitted.
    1 When two people are not a couple any more, they break up/down/in.
    3 When a meeting is to take place later, it is put out/away/off.

    Obrat to hail a taxi znamená zastavit si taxi (mávnutím). Podobně se užívá fráze wave down a taxi (wave weɪv - mávnout, zamávat).

    Exercise 24

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    • Doplňte překlady.

    10 Bude to stát spoustu peněz. It'll cost a of money.
    9 Byla okradena dvěma muži. She by two men.
    1 Zamilovala se do něho. She in love with him.
    8 Odjíždím v pátek ráno. I'm leaving Friday morning.
    14 Ať neodchází! Don't him go!
    4 Mám (moc) rád italské jídlo. I'm of Italian food.
    7 Nejezdím po městě autem. I don't drive the city.
    3 To zní zajímavě. That interesting.
    13 Jeďte po této cestě. Go this road.
    5 Nechám to na vás. I'll it up to you.
    6 Zvykl jsem si na to. I used to it.
    2 Doufejme, že to vyjde. Let's hope it'll off.
    12 Vyzvednu tě na letišti. I'll you up at the airport.
    11 Mám raději čaj než kávu. I tea to coffee.

    Ať v rozkazu lze také někdy přeložit pomocí obratu make sure (that) (ujisti se/zajisti, že...) Např.: Make sure you don't lose it. - Ať to neztratíš., Make sure he doesn't break it. - Ať to nerozbije. ap.

    Exercise 25

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    • Přeložte. Použijte nápovědu.

    8 To by bylo skvělé!
    great
    9 Změnil jsem názor.
    mind
    6 Nechce se mi tam jít.
    feel like
    3 Pokud vím, tak tady není.
    as far as
    14 To rád slyším.
    glad
    1 Nevím, jak dlouho to potrvá.
    take
    11 Platím já! (pití ap.)
    buy
    4 To je ale překvapení!
    surprise
    2 Dám vám vědět co nejdřív.
    as soon as
    7 Nejsem z toho zrovna nadšený.
    crazy
    5 Co takhle si dát pivo?
    pint
    10 Rádi bychom si objednali.
    order
    13 To nevadí.
    mind
    12 Neslyším vás.
    can

    Pozor na slovo frekventovaný při překladu do angličtiny! Ve významu častý je to frequent. Chcete-li ale říct, že je něco často navštěvované nebo je zde velký provoz, užije se frequented frɪˈkwεntɪd. Např.: frequented road - frekventovaná silnice.

    Exercise 26

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    • Přeložte.

    13 Nechám to na vás.
    3 Dlouho vás nezdržím.
    14 Kdybych to měl, dal bych ti to.
    20 Hodně štěstí!
    2 Mám zpoždění.
    15 Nikdy jsem v Londýně nebyl.
    6 Postarám se o to.
    5 Nevěděl jsem o tom.
    18 Učím se anglicky už dva roky.
    7 Nebudu moci přijít.
    11 Musel jsem tam jít.
    17 Jak dlouho už tady čekáte?
    4 Co se děje?
    12 Ještě nepřišel.
    9 Co ještě potřebujete?
    19 Všechno nejlepší k narozeninám!
    16 Bydlím tady už deset let.
    8 Nesmíš to nikomu říct.
    10 Nemusíte platit.
    1 Máte pravdu.

    Sidewalk je americký termín. V Británii pro chodník užívají pavement ˈpeɪvmənt! V americké angličtině je ale pavement zpevněná vozovka (asfaltovaný povrch ap.).

    Připoutat se (v autě ap.) se hlavně v americké angličtině hovorově řekne buckle up ˈbʌkəlˌʌp. Např.: Buckle up! - Připoutej(te) se!

    Pozor! Slovo police se v angličtině chová jako podstatné jméno v množném čísle, tedy: The police are ..., The police have ... ap.! Např. The police are after him. - Jde po něm policie., Police say that ... - Policie říká, že...