Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Přeložte.

    10 Can you give me a lift?
    19 I was fined for speeding.
    18 I've been taking driving lessons.
    14 We had the house built.
    3 It's getting worse.
    16 I'll do it asap.
    5 He has no sense of humour.
    12 I'd love to, but I can't.
    2 I don't get it.
    7 He's known her for years.
    15 Have you done it yet?
    17 I'm looking forward to that.
    4 They differ in many ways.
    6 It made him angry.
    8 He's to come too.
    1 How've you been?
    13 Have we met (before)?
    9 What was I supposed to do?
    11 I'll do my best.

    Speeding spiːdɪŋ je překročení povolené rychlosti (speed - rychlost). Speeding ticket je pokuta za rychlost. Např.: He got a speeding ticket. - Dostal pokutu za rychlost.

    Exercise 2

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    • Poslechněte si nahrávku a určete, zda je tvrzení pravdivé (true), nebo nepravdivé (false).

    6 Both the British and Americans like to use trains.
    5 New Yorkers are known to walk a lot around the city.
    3 They usually don't leave a tip in British pubs.
    2 John had an accident, but it wasn't his fault.
    7 Some 5 million people travel on the tube every day in London.
    4 Americans mostly buy cars made in the US.
    1 Bob was fined 400 dollars for driving too fast.
    8 The number of yellow cabs in New York is about 13.5 thousand.

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte odpovídající výroky.

    • 1 I'll keep it on.
    • 2 I won't keep you long.
    • 3 He broke up with her.
    • 4 I'll find out.
    • 5 He made it up.
    • 6 I'll catch up with you.
    • 7 He's missing her.
    • 8 He was fired.
    • a Chybí mu.
    • e Nechám si to na sobě.
    • g Nezdržím tě dlouho.
    • g Zjistím to.
    • b Doženu vás.
    • c Dostal vyhazov.
    • f Vymyslel si to.
    • d Rozešel se s ní.

    Exercise 4

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    8 They took in/off/out a loan to buy a car.
    10 I usually go in/in/by car, but we met in/at/on the bus.
    2 How long will it ask/take/keep to get there? - About an hour.
    6 Could you take/get/pick me up at the airport tomorrow?
    5 Did you get my e-mail? - Yes, but I haven't red/read/readed it yet.
    4 He wasn't supposed to know. You couldn't/shouldn't/wouldn't have told him.
    1 Most from/of/in them didn't know.
    7 Come out/on/at. Hurry up! We'll be late.
    3 Jane and Bob prepared it himself/themselves/ourselves.
    9 I'm sorry of/at/about that. I did it by/on/of mistake.

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte členy, some nebo any, kde třeba.

    9 Would you like more cake? - Yes. I haven't had yet.
    2 Are there other ways? I can't think of .
    1 Is there place where we could have dinner?
    7 I had accident when driving to work this morning.
    10 USA and Canada are almost same size.
    4 I bought new car. - What did you do with old one?
    13 Take meat out of bag and put it in fridge.
    11 A boy from US met girl from Europe.
    8 I saw it on TV yesterday when I was watching news.
    14 I had busy day at work. I'm going to bed.
    3 Can you lend me money? - I don't have money.
    12 He's American who makes lot of money.
    5 Have wine! - Thanks, I don't drink alcohol.
    6 Can you give me hand? - I don't have time for that.

    Exercise 6

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    • Doplňte překlady vět.

    10 Lepší by bylo počkat. It better to wait.
    12 Počkám, až přijde. I'll wait him to come.
    1 Chystám se k odchodu. I'm to leave.
    13 Bude to hotovo do pátku. It'll be finished Friday.
    7 Kolikrát jsi to už viděl? How many have you seen it?
    9 Neměl bys mu o tom říkat. You tell him.
    11 To jídlo se může zkazit. The food may bad.
    2 Byli jsme okradeni. We were .
    4 Budete muset počkat. You'll wait.
    14 Co tím myslíte? What do you by that?
    8 Pokud vím... As as I know ...
    3 Je mi to jedno. I don't (about it).
    6 Kolik peněz tam je? How money is there?
    5 Doufám, že ne. I hope .

    Exercise 7

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    • Spojte související výroky.

    • 1 He had a house built ...
    • 2 I'll tell her about it ...
    • 3 I've been learning English ...
    • 4 I tried to call him ...
    • 5 We had to wait ...
    • 6 I'm really sorry about ...
    • 7 I had a car accident ...
    • 8 He was fined 500 dollars ...
    • g until they came back.
    • a for about two years now.
    • e but he isn't answering the phone.
    • c but he sold it soon after.
    • d but it wasn't my fault.
    • h although she shouldn't know.
    • b what happened to her.
    • f which made him angry.

    Exercise 8

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    13 We didn't meet on/at/by chance. We agreed to meet/meeting/met.
    8 I'm in a hurry. I must catch/reach/have the bus.
    1 Are you looking forward to it? - Yes, I can't stay/afford/wait to see it.
    3 He's a year younger, but he's a head longer/taller/higher than me.
    11 I came at/across/about an interesting article.
    5 Are you hungry? - Not right/really/hardly. But I'm thirsty.
    2 What's up, man? Long time no sea/see/say. How've you been?
    4 I'm trying! - I know but you must try stronger/harder/heavier!
    9 There will be no meeting. It was called out/away/off.
    7 Don't give up. You must stay/keep/last trying.
    6 I'm feeling unwell. I'll have to see/meet/reach a doctor.
    10 I sent it at/to/in his e-mail address at/on/by accident.
    12 I met her in/on/at the bus although I usually go on/in/by car.

    Předložka by také znamená kolem, vedle (o pohybu). Např.: A police car went by. - Kolem projelo policejní auto. Stop by je hovorově stavit se (za někým).

    Exercise 9

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    • Doplňte druhou větu tak, aby měla opačný význam.

    9 It cost at least 300. - It cost at 300.
    12 She calmed him down. - She made him .
    2 He's found a job. - He was .
    13 They helped me do it. - I did it .
    10 I like both beer and wine. - I like beer wine.
    14 What time do you go to bed? - What time do you up?
    8 Don't bring him with you. - Feel to bring him with you.
    15 He does hardly any work. - He works really .
    6 You can get there by car. - You have to there.
    5 You must take off your glasses. - You must put your glasses.
    3 She needn't know about it. - She know about it.
    11 It's getting better. - It's getting .
    7 The computer is still on. - The computer is .
    4 I threw it away. - I it.
    1 I have to work tomorrow. - I'm taking a day tomorrow.

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte správné tvary slovesa v nápovědě.

    7 They meet years ago and become friends.
    1 Where be you last night?
    5 The house was sell for 20.000.
    2 I haven't see you for ages!
    8 He have an accident and was take to hospital.
    6 She was hit by a car.
    3 I've bring some wine.
    10 He be here a moment ago and he leave a message for you.
    4 He's speak to her.
    9 I give it to him and I think he keep it.

    Slovo left znamená též zbylý. Užívá se hlavně ve spojení be left - zbýt, zbývat. Např.: There's nothing left. - Nic nezbylo., I don't have much money left. - Už mi nezbývá moc peněz. ap.

    Exercise 11

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    • Doplňte správnou předložku.

    4 He'll be back ten minutes. You can wait him.
    7 Who'll be looking the kids when she's gone?
    3 I'm too tired. I can't go .
    5 We'll meet Christmas Eve at 7 p.m. my place.
    6 Don't worry that. I'll take care it.
    10 What disease did he die ? It's not known.
    8 They spend all their money food and clothes.
    2 I'll see you Monday 4 p.m.
    12 Thank you so much. It's so nice you.
    11 Do you have it you? - No, I left it work.
    9 Look these two. Is there any difference them?
    1 Only one 20 Americans don't have a car.

    Američané často jako výraz díků říkají: I appreciate it. - Vážím si toho., Oceňuji to. (appreciate əˈpriːʃɪˌeɪt - oceňovat, vážit si)

    Exercise 12

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    • Utvořte otázky. Ptejte se na zvýrazněná slova.

    7 It cost me over 500 dollars.
    8 I haven't sent it yet.
    6 I've known her for 2 years.
    9 He drank five beers.
    3 Nobody else knows about it.
    5 We'll spend the weekend at the seaside.
    2 I've been waiting for an hour.
    1 He left for work an hour ago.
    4 I told Bob and Jane about it.
    10 I've been learning English for a year.

    Exercise 13

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    • Doplňte překlady vět pomocí trpného rodu.

    6 Tato auta se vyrábí v Japonsku. These cars in Japan.
    12 Našli ji o týden později. She a week later.
    11 Viděli ji, jak odchází. She leaving.
    5 Postavili 3 nové domy. Three new houses .
    3 Mohli by ho vyhodit z práce. He could .
    2 Bude povýšena. She'll .
    8 Článek napsala dívka. The article by a girl.
    7 Toto slovo se často neužívá. This word often.
    4 Srazilo je nákladní auto. They by a truck.
    10 Ví se o něm, že je bohatý. He to be rich.
    1 Ukradli mu auto. His car .
    9 Vzali ho na vysokou. He to college.

    I'm flattered. ˈflætəd nebo též I feel flattered. je česky Jsem polichocen.

    Exercise 14

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu tvary slovesa do nebo make.

    6 We can't without their help.
    8 I need to a phone call.
    4 How did you at school? Were you a good student?
    10 Please your best. It's very important.
    11 He a lot of money last year.
    9 These photos me want to go on holiday.
    3 Stop fun of me!
    7 They a lot of damage when they broke in.
    1 Have you your homework?
    13 This dress me look fat.
    12 I only have 20 dollars. Will it ?
    15 it sense to you?
    14 He it to her angry.
    5 I'm running late. I won't it in time.
    2 I've a big mistake.

    Exercise 15

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    • Doplňte odpovědi pomocí slovesa z otázky.

    9 How did you feel when you found out? - I really bad.
    10 Did you write down his name? - No, I his number.
    3 Did you get my message? - No, I no message.
    5 How long did you spend there? - We a week there.
    4 When did they send it? - They it last night.
    7 Did you buy any wine? - No, I only food.
    8 Did you understand him? - I only a few words.
    6 How many times did you try it? - I it at least five times.
    2 When did he lose his job? - He his job last year.
    1 Where did you go on holiday? - We to the seaside.

    Exercise 16

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    • Doplňte správnou předložku.

    11 It's not for kids. You must be 18 years old to buy it.
    2 We'll meet the airport.
    9 It looks you are having a great time.
    12 We'are all very sorry her death.
    6 I got it Christmas a friend of mine.
    4 It's very hot. The temperature is 30 degrees.
    8 She used to work a teacher.
    3 I'm leaving Paris tomorrow.
    7 I'm tired listening to them. I'm leaving.
    1 Have you ever been the USA?
    5 It's too hot inside. I'll wait the pub.
    10 It was a secret meeting. They met closed doors.

    Spojení feel sorry for se užívá, když někoho litujete, be sorry for hlavně při omluvě za svůj čin ap., ale be sorry about se užije o situaci či něčem, co nastalo. Např.: I felt sorry for him. - Bylo mi ho líto., I'm sorry for disturbing you. - Promiňte, že vás ruším. ALE I'm sorry about that. - To mě mrzí. Sorry se může vázat i s infinitivem. Např.: We're sorry to inform you ... - S politováním vám oznamujeme...

    Exercise 17

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    • Napište věty, které uslyšíte. Neužívejte stažené tvary. (Pište celými slovy.)

    6
    4
    3
    2
    7
    10
    1
    5
    9
    8

    Exercise 18

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    • Spojte výroky, které mají opačný význam.

    • 1 He's jobless.
    • 2 He made her angry.
    • 3 He's in good health.
    • 4 I'm enjoying it.
    • 5 He died there.
    • 6 I don't care about her.
    • 7 I have two siblings.
    • 8 I'm really hungry.
    • f He calmed her down.
    • h He was born there.
    • c I've eaten.
    • d I'm an only child.
    • a He's seriously ill.
    • e He's employed.
    • b I'm tired of it.
    • g I'm crazy about her.

    Exercise 19

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    • Doplňte větu posunutou do minulého času s užitím časové souslednosti.

    7 I believe he forgot about it. - I believed he it.
    8 He says he was there. - He said he there.
    9 I don't know who did it. - I didn't know who it.
    1 I think she is there. - I thought she there.
    10 I know what he's going to do. - I knew what he going to do.
    4 I suppose you know that. - I supposed you that.
    2 I'm afraid they're lost. - I was afraid they lost.
    3 I'm sure they have it. - I was sure they it.
    5 I hope you'll come. - I hoped you come.
    6 She says she'll help us. - She said she help us.

    Exercise 20

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    • Přeložte. Použijte nápovědu.

    7 To bude ještě dražší.
    even
    3 Právě jsem to dodělal.
    just
    9 Dám si ještě jedno pivo.
    more
    4 Už odešli.
    already
    5 Neviděl jsem ho už měsíce.
    for months
    2 Už jsi to poslal?
    yet
    10 Zkus to ještě jednou.
    again; more
    8 Co ještě bych měl udělat?
    else
    6 Ještě jsem to nečetl.
    yet
    1 Díváme se právě na film.
    just

    Exercise 21

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    • Doplňte překlady pomocí frázových sloves.

    4 Řekni mu, ať se uklidní. Tell him to down.
    8 Letadlo už odstartovalo. The plane has off.
    7 Mám pustit televizi? Shall I on the TV?
    14 (Dávej) pozor! Watch !
    2 Měl by nechat kouření. He should up smoking.
    6 Ceny domů vzrostly o... House prices up by ...
    10 Čti dál. on reading.
    13 Vyrazíme brzy ráno. We'll out early.
    1 Už jsem zjistil, kolik to stojí. I've out how much it costs.
    12 Došel mi benzín. I've out of petrol.
    3 Chtějí si užít (života). They want to it up.
    9 Vydržte chvilku. Hold a minute.
    11 Můžeme to odložit? Can we it off?
    5 Musím se přihlásit v hotelu. I must in at the hotel.

    Frázové sloveso go for má několik významů. Jeden z nejběžnějších je vybrat si nebo rozhodnout se pro. Např.: I'd go for this one. - Já bych si vybral tento. Ve významu platit pro... se užívá go for stejně jako sloveso apply to əˈplaɪˌtuː. Např.: That goes for you too., That applies to you too. - To platí i pro tebe. ap.

    Jaywalking ˈdʒeɪˌwɔːkɪŋ je neukázněné přecházení silnice. Termín jaywalker ˈdʒeɪˌwɔːkə je neukázněný chodec (přecházející na červenou, mimo přechod ap.).

    Exercise 23

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    • Vyberte správné slovo podle výkladu.

    7 When someone takes your things away, you are broken/robbed/stolen.
    4 If you want to eat healthily, you should get/avoid/order junk food.
    3 When a meeting is to take place later, it is put out/away/off.
    8 When you give someone food, you say: Welcome/Cheers/Help yourself.
    5 To get a driving licence, you must first make/get/pass a driving test.
    2 When you get divorced/married/bored you become a husband and wife.
    11 When you've done something many times and you have no problem doing it, you are used to/addicted to/interested in it.
    1 When two people are not a couple any more, they break up/down/in.
    9 An old person who doesn't work anymore is wrapped/retired/admitted.
    6 When you get well again after being ill, you have tired/recovered/fainted.
    10 The part of a street used for walking is called the jaywalk/sidewalk/walker.

    Obrat to hail a taxi znamená zastavit si taxi (mávnutím). Podobně se užívá fráze wave down a taxi (wave weɪv - mávnout, zamávat).

    Exercise 24

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    • Doplňte překlady.

    11 Mám raději čaj než kávu. I tea to coffee.
    7 Nejezdím po městě autem. I don't drive the city.
    5 Nechám to na vás. I'll it up to you.
    10 Bude to stát spoustu peněz. It'll cost a of money.
    8 Odjíždím v pátek ráno. I'm leaving Friday morning.
    9 Byla okradena dvěma muži. She by two men.
    1 Zamilovala se do něho. She in love with him.
    6 Zvykl jsem si na to. I used to it.
    12 Vyzvednu tě na letišti. I'll you up at the airport.
    2 Doufejme, že to vyjde. Let's hope it'll off.
    4 Mám (moc) rád italské jídlo. I'm of Italian food.
    3 To zní zajímavě. That interesting.
    14 Ať neodchází! Don't him go!
    13 Jeďte po této cestě. Go this road.

    Ať v rozkazu lze také někdy přeložit pomocí obratu make sure (that) (ujisti se/zajisti, že...) Např.: Make sure you don't lose it. - Ať to neztratíš., Make sure he doesn't break it. - Ať to nerozbije. ap.

    Exercise 25

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    • Přeložte. Použijte nápovědu.

    7 Nejsem z toho zrovna nadšený.
    crazy
    12 Neslyším vás.
    can
    10 Rádi bychom si objednali.
    order
    5 Co takhle si dát pivo?
    pint
    1 Nevím, jak dlouho to potrvá.
    take
    11 Platím já! (pití ap.)
    buy
    2 Dám vám vědět co nejdřív.
    as soon as
    9 Změnil jsem názor.
    mind
    3 Pokud vím, tak tady není.
    as far as
    14 To rád slyším.
    glad
    8 To by bylo skvělé!
    great
    13 To nevadí.
    mind
    6 Nechce se mi tam jít.
    feel like
    4 To je ale překvapení!
    surprise

    Pozor na slovo frekventovaný při překladu do angličtiny! Ve významu častý je to frequent. Chcete-li ale říct, že je něco často navštěvované nebo je zde velký provoz, užije se frequented frɪˈkwεntɪd. Např.: frequented road - frekventovaná silnice.

    Exercise 26

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    • Přeložte.

    3 Dlouho vás nezdržím.
    4 Co se děje?
    15 Nikdy jsem v Londýně nebyl.
    11 Musel jsem tam jít.
    9 Co ještě potřebujete?
    12 Ještě nepřišel.
    18 Učím se anglicky už dva roky.
    5 Nevěděl jsem o tom.
    19 Všechno nejlepší k narozeninám!
    7 Nebudu moci přijít.
    14 Kdybych to měl, dal bych ti to.
    17 Jak dlouho už tady čekáte?
    8 Nesmíš to nikomu říct.
    6 Postarám se o to.
    10 Nemusíte platit.
    16 Bydlím tady už deset let.
    13 Nechám to na vás.
    2 Mám zpoždění.
    1 Máte pravdu.
    20 Hodně štěstí!

    Sidewalk je americký termín. V Británii pro chodník užívají pavement ˈpeɪvmənt! V americké angličtině je ale pavement zpevněná vozovka (asfaltovaný povrch ap.).

    Připoutat se (v autě ap.) se hlavně v americké angličtině hovorově řekne buckle up ˈbʌkəlˌʌp. Např.: Buckle up! - Připoutej(te) se!

    Pozor! Slovo police se v angličtině chová jako podstatné jméno v množném čísle, tedy: The police are ..., The police have ... ap.! Např. The police are after him. - Jde po něm policie., Police say that ... - Policie říká, že...