Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Přeložte.

    2 I don't get it.
    1 How've you been?
    14 We had the house built.
    9 What was I supposed to do?
    8 He's to come too.
    10 Can you give me a lift?
    12 I'd love to, but I can't.
    7 He's known her for years.
    19 I was fined for speeding.
    4 They differ in many ways.
    13 Have we met (before)?
    11 I'll do my best.
    15 Have you done it yet?
    6 It made him angry.
    5 He has no sense of humour.
    18 I've been taking driving lessons.
    3 It's getting worse.
    17 I'm looking forward to that.
    16 I'll do it asap.

    Speeding spiːdɪŋ je překročení povolené rychlosti (speed - rychlost). Speeding ticket je pokuta za rychlost. Např.: He got a speeding ticket. - Dostal pokutu za rychlost.

    Exercise 2

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    • Poslechněte si nahrávku a určete, zda je tvrzení pravdivé (true), nebo nepravdivé (false).

    6 Both the British and Americans like to use trains.
    7 Some 5 million people travel on the tube every day in London.
    3 They usually don't leave a tip in British pubs.
    4 Americans mostly buy cars made in the US.
    8 The number of yellow cabs in New York is about 13.5 thousand.
    2 John had an accident, but it wasn't his fault.
    1 Bob was fined 400 dollars for driving too fast.
    5 New Yorkers are known to walk a lot around the city.

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte odpovídající výroky.

    • 1 I'll keep it on.
    • 2 I won't keep you long.
    • 3 He broke up with her.
    • 4 I'll find out.
    • 5 He made it up.
    • 6 I'll catch up with you.
    • 7 He's missing her.
    • 8 He was fired.
    • g Zjistím to.
    • b Doženu vás.
    • g Nezdržím tě dlouho.
    • c Dostal vyhazov.
    • e Nechám si to na sobě.
    • a Chybí mu.
    • f Vymyslel si to.
    • d Rozešel se s ní.

    Exercise 4

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    3 Jane and Bob prepared it himself/themselves/ourselves.
    7 Come out/on/at. Hurry up! We'll be late.
    1 Most from/of/in them didn't know.
    2 How long will it ask/take/keep to get there? - About an hour.
    8 They took in/off/out a loan to buy a car.
    6 Could you take/get/pick me up at the airport tomorrow?
    9 I'm sorry of/at/about that. I did it by/on/of mistake.
    10 I usually go in/in/by car, but we met in/at/on the bus.
    4 He wasn't supposed to know. You couldn't/shouldn't/wouldn't have told him.
    5 Did you get my e-mail? - Yes, but I haven't red/read/readed it yet.

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte členy, some nebo any, kde třeba.

    13 Take meat out of bag and put it in fridge.
    7 I had accident when driving to work this morning.
    1 Is there place where we could have dinner?
    9 Would you like more cake? - Yes. I haven't had yet.
    8 I saw it on TV yesterday when I was watching news.
    4 I bought new car. - What did you do with old one?
    3 Can you lend me money? - I don't have money.
    14 I had busy day at work. I'm going to bed.
    6 Can you give me hand? - I don't have time for that.
    10 USA and Canada are almost same size.
    12 He's American who makes lot of money.
    11 A boy from US met girl from Europe.
    5 Have wine! - Thanks, I don't drink alcohol.
    2 Are there other ways? I can't think of .

    Exercise 6

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    • Doplňte překlady vět.

    1 Chystám se k odchodu. I'm to leave.
    13 Bude to hotovo do pátku. It'll be finished Friday.
    4 Budete muset počkat. You'll wait.
    6 Kolik peněz tam je? How money is there?
    14 Co tím myslíte? What do you by that?
    9 Neměl bys mu o tom říkat. You tell him.
    5 Doufám, že ne. I hope .
    8 Pokud vím... As as I know ...
    11 To jídlo se může zkazit. The food may bad.
    2 Byli jsme okradeni. We were .
    12 Počkám, až přijde. I'll wait him to come.
    10 Lepší by bylo počkat. It better to wait.
    3 Je mi to jedno. I don't (about it).
    7 Kolikrát jsi to už viděl? How many have you seen it?

    Exercise 7

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    • Spojte související výroky.

    • 1 He had a house built ...
    • 2 I'll tell her about it ...
    • 3 I've been learning English ...
    • 4 I tried to call him ...
    • 5 We had to wait ...
    • 6 I'm really sorry about ...
    • 7 I had a car accident ...
    • 8 He was fined 500 dollars ...
    • d but it wasn't my fault.
    • b what happened to her.
    • f which made him angry.
    • h although she shouldn't know.
    • e but he isn't answering the phone.
    • g until they came back.
    • c but he sold it soon after.
    • a for about two years now.

    Exercise 8

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    13 We didn't meet on/at/by chance. We agreed to meet/meeting/met.
    4 I'm trying! - I know but you must try stronger/harder/heavier!
    2 What's up, man? Long time no sea/see/say. How've you been?
    10 I sent it at/to/in his e-mail address at/on/by accident.
    1 Are you looking forward to it? - Yes, I can't stay/afford/wait to see it.
    12 I met her in/on/at the bus although I usually go on/in/by car.
    11 I came at/across/about an interesting article.
    3 He's a year younger, but he's a head longer/taller/higher than me.
    9 There will be no meeting. It was called out/away/off.
    8 I'm in a hurry. I must catch/reach/have the bus.
    5 Are you hungry? - Not right/really/hardly. But I'm thirsty.
    7 Don't give up. You must stay/keep/last trying.
    6 I'm feeling unwell. I'll have to see/meet/reach a doctor.

    Předložka by také znamená kolem, vedle (o pohybu). Např.: A police car went by. - Kolem projelo policejní auto. Stop by je hovorově stavit se (za někým).

    Exercise 9

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    • Doplňte druhou větu tak, aby měla opačný význam.

    1 I have to work tomorrow. - I'm taking a day tomorrow.
    5 You must take off your glasses. - You must put your glasses.
    8 Don't bring him with you. - Feel to bring him with you.
    15 He does hardly any work. - He works really .
    4 I threw it away. - I it.
    11 It's getting better. - It's getting .
    10 I like both beer and wine. - I like beer wine.
    7 The computer is still on. - The computer is .
    14 What time do you go to bed? - What time do you up?
    3 She needn't know about it. - She know about it.
    6 You can get there by car. - You have to there.
    13 They helped me do it. - I did it .
    12 She calmed him down. - She made him .
    9 It cost at least 300. - It cost at 300.
    2 He's found a job. - He was .

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte správné tvary slovesa v nápovědě.

    2 I haven't see you for ages!
    3 I've bring some wine.
    9 I give it to him and I think he keep it.
    4 He's speak to her.
    7 They meet years ago and become friends.
    10 He be here a moment ago and he leave a message for you.
    1 Where be you last night?
    5 The house was sell for 20.000.
    8 He have an accident and was take to hospital.
    6 She was hit by a car.

    Slovo left znamená též zbylý. Užívá se hlavně ve spojení be left - zbýt, zbývat. Např.: There's nothing left. - Nic nezbylo., I don't have much money left. - Už mi nezbývá moc peněz. ap.

    Exercise 11

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    • Doplňte správnou předložku.

    11 Do you have it you? - No, I left it work.
    1 Only one 20 Americans don't have a car.
    3 I'm too tired. I can't go .
    5 We'll meet Christmas Eve at 7 p.m. my place.
    10 What disease did he die ? It's not known.
    7 Who'll be looking the kids when she's gone?
    2 I'll see you Monday 4 p.m.
    4 He'll be back ten minutes. You can wait him.
    6 Don't worry that. I'll take care it.
    8 They spend all their money food and clothes.
    9 Look these two. Is there any difference them?
    12 Thank you so much. It's so nice you.

    Američané často jako výraz díků říkají: I appreciate it. - Vážím si toho., Oceňuji to. (appreciate əˈpriːʃɪˌeɪt - oceňovat, vážit si)

    Exercise 12

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    • Utvořte otázky. Ptejte se na zvýrazněná slova.

    10 I've been learning English for a year.
    7 It cost me over 500 dollars.
    6 I've known her for 2 years.
    3 Nobody else knows about it.
    8 I haven't sent it yet.
    1 He left for work an hour ago.
    2 I've been waiting for an hour.
    9 He drank five beers.
    5 We'll spend the weekend at the seaside.
    4 I told Bob and Jane about it.

    Exercise 13

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    • Doplňte překlady vět pomocí trpného rodu.

    12 Našli ji o týden později. She a week later.
    7 Toto slovo se často neužívá. This word often.
    1 Ukradli mu auto. His car .
    8 Článek napsala dívka. The article by a girl.
    5 Postavili 3 nové domy. Three new houses .
    10 Ví se o něm, že je bohatý. He to be rich.
    6 Tato auta se vyrábí v Japonsku. These cars in Japan.
    9 Vzali ho na vysokou. He to college.
    11 Viděli ji, jak odchází. She leaving.
    4 Srazilo je nákladní auto. They by a truck.
    2 Bude povýšena. She'll .
    3 Mohli by ho vyhodit z práce. He could .

    I'm flattered. ˈflætəd nebo též I feel flattered. je česky Jsem polichocen.

    Exercise 14

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu tvary slovesa do nebo make.

    1 Have you your homework?
    11 He a lot of money last year.
    4 How did you at school? Were you a good student?
    7 They a lot of damage when they broke in.
    14 He it to her angry.
    3 Stop fun of me!
    6 We can't without their help.
    12 I only have 20 dollars. Will it ?
    15 it sense to you?
    5 I'm running late. I won't it in time.
    8 I need to a phone call.
    10 Please your best. It's very important.
    13 This dress me look fat.
    9 These photos me want to go on holiday.
    2 I've a big mistake.

    Exercise 15

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    • Doplňte odpovědi pomocí slovesa z otázky.

    5 How long did you spend there? - We a week there.
    10 Did you write down his name? - No, I his number.
    1 Where did you go on holiday? - We to the seaside.
    4 When did they send it? - They it last night.
    7 Did you buy any wine? - No, I only food.
    9 How did you feel when you found out? - I really bad.
    8 Did you understand him? - I only a few words.
    6 How many times did you try it? - I it at least five times.
    3 Did you get my message? - No, I no message.
    2 When did he lose his job? - He his job last year.

    Exercise 16

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    • Doplňte správnou předložku.

    11 It's not for kids. You must be 18 years old to buy it.
    6 I got it Christmas a friend of mine.
    2 We'll meet the airport.
    5 It's too hot inside. I'll wait the pub.
    1 Have you ever been the USA?
    9 It looks you are having a great time.
    8 She used to work a teacher.
    12 We'are all very sorry her death.
    3 I'm leaving Paris tomorrow.
    10 It was a secret meeting. They met closed doors.
    7 I'm tired listening to them. I'm leaving.
    4 It's very hot. The temperature is 30 degrees.

    Spojení feel sorry for se užívá, když někoho litujete, be sorry for hlavně při omluvě za svůj čin ap., ale be sorry about se užije o situaci či něčem, co nastalo. Např.: I felt sorry for him. - Bylo mi ho líto., I'm sorry for disturbing you. - Promiňte, že vás ruším. ALE I'm sorry about that. - To mě mrzí. Sorry se může vázat i s infinitivem. Např.: We're sorry to inform you ... - S politováním vám oznamujeme...

    Exercise 17

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    • Napište věty, které uslyšíte. Neužívejte stažené tvary. (Pište celými slovy.)

    6
    9
    8
    7
    10
    2
    3
    4
    1
    5

    Exercise 18

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    • Spojte výroky, které mají opačný význam.

    • 1 He's jobless.
    • 2 He made her angry.
    • 3 He's in good health.
    • 4 I'm enjoying it.
    • 5 He died there.
    • 6 I don't care about her.
    • 7 I have two siblings.
    • 8 I'm really hungry.
    • c I've eaten.
    • e He's employed.
    • h He was born there.
    • b I'm tired of it.
    • f He calmed her down.
    • g I'm crazy about her.
    • d I'm an only child.
    • a He's seriously ill.

    Exercise 19

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    • Doplňte větu posunutou do minulého času s užitím časové souslednosti.

    4 I suppose you know that. - I supposed you that.
    10 I know what he's going to do. - I knew what he going to do.
    2 I'm afraid they're lost. - I was afraid they lost.
    5 I hope you'll come. - I hoped you come.
    3 I'm sure they have it. - I was sure they it.
    1 I think she is there. - I thought she there.
    7 I believe he forgot about it. - I believed he it.
    9 I don't know who did it. - I didn't know who it.
    8 He says he was there. - He said he there.
    6 She says she'll help us. - She said she help us.

    Exercise 20

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    • Přeložte. Použijte nápovědu.

    1 Díváme se právě na film.
    just
    3 Právě jsem to dodělal.
    just
    5 Neviděl jsem ho už měsíce.
    for months
    10 Zkus to ještě jednou.
    again; more
    6 Ještě jsem to nečetl.
    yet
    2 Už jsi to poslal?
    yet
    4 Už odešli.
    already
    7 To bude ještě dražší.
    even
    8 Co ještě bych měl udělat?
    else
    9 Dám si ještě jedno pivo.
    more

    Exercise 21

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    • Doplňte překlady pomocí frázových sloves.

    7 Mám pustit televizi? Shall I on the TV?
    11 Můžeme to odložit? Can we it off?
    5 Musím se přihlásit v hotelu. I must in at the hotel.
    12 Došel mi benzín. I've out of petrol.
    4 Řekni mu, ať se uklidní. Tell him to down.
    14 (Dávej) pozor! Watch !
    9 Vydržte chvilku. Hold a minute.
    2 Měl by nechat kouření. He should up smoking.
    8 Letadlo už odstartovalo. The plane has off.
    3 Chtějí si užít (života). They want to it up.
    13 Vyrazíme brzy ráno. We'll out early.
    1 Už jsem zjistil, kolik to stojí. I've out how much it costs.
    6 Ceny domů vzrostly o... House prices up by ...
    10 Čti dál. on reading.

    Frázové sloveso go for má několik významů. Jeden z nejběžnějších je vybrat si nebo rozhodnout se pro. Např.: I'd go for this one. - Já bych si vybral tento. Ve významu platit pro... se užívá go for stejně jako sloveso apply to əˈplaɪˌtuː. Např.: That goes for you too., That applies to you too. - To platí i pro tebe. ap.

    Jaywalking ˈdʒeɪˌwɔːkɪŋ je neukázněné přecházení silnice. Termín jaywalker ˈdʒeɪˌwɔːkə je neukázněný chodec (přecházející na červenou, mimo přechod ap.).

    Exercise 23

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    • Vyberte správné slovo podle výkladu.

    4 If you want to eat healthily, you should get/avoid/order junk food.
    6 When you get well again after being ill, you have tired/recovered/fainted.
    7 When someone takes your things away, you are broken/robbed/stolen.
    2 When you get divorced/married/bored you become a husband and wife.
    8 When you give someone food, you say: Welcome/Cheers/Help yourself.
    1 When two people are not a couple any more, they break up/down/in.
    9 An old person who doesn't work anymore is wrapped/retired/admitted.
    5 To get a driving licence, you must first make/get/pass a driving test.
    11 When you've done something many times and you have no problem doing it, you are used to/addicted to/interested in it.
    3 When a meeting is to take place later, it is put out/away/off.
    10 The part of a street used for walking is called the jaywalk/sidewalk/walker.

    Obrat to hail a taxi znamená zastavit si taxi (mávnutím). Podobně se užívá fráze wave down a taxi (wave weɪv - mávnout, zamávat).

    Exercise 24

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    • Doplňte překlady.

    4 Mám (moc) rád italské jídlo. I'm of Italian food.
    7 Nejezdím po městě autem. I don't drive the city.
    5 Nechám to na vás. I'll it up to you.
    8 Odjíždím v pátek ráno. I'm leaving Friday morning.
    10 Bude to stát spoustu peněz. It'll cost a of money.
    12 Vyzvednu tě na letišti. I'll you up at the airport.
    14 Ať neodchází! Don't him go!
    6 Zvykl jsem si na to. I used to it.
    11 Mám raději čaj než kávu. I tea to coffee.
    9 Byla okradena dvěma muži. She by two men.
    1 Zamilovala se do něho. She in love with him.
    2 Doufejme, že to vyjde. Let's hope it'll off.
    3 To zní zajímavě. That interesting.
    13 Jeďte po této cestě. Go this road.

    Ať v rozkazu lze také někdy přeložit pomocí obratu make sure (that) (ujisti se/zajisti, že...) Např.: Make sure you don't lose it. - Ať to neztratíš., Make sure he doesn't break it. - Ať to nerozbije. ap.

    Exercise 25

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    • Přeložte. Použijte nápovědu.

    14 To rád slyším.
    glad
    9 Změnil jsem názor.
    mind
    8 To by bylo skvělé!
    great
    4 To je ale překvapení!
    surprise
    1 Nevím, jak dlouho to potrvá.
    take
    6 Nechce se mi tam jít.
    feel like
    5 Co takhle si dát pivo?
    pint
    13 To nevadí.
    mind
    7 Nejsem z toho zrovna nadšený.
    crazy
    2 Dám vám vědět co nejdřív.
    as soon as
    10 Rádi bychom si objednali.
    order
    12 Neslyším vás.
    can
    11 Platím já! (pití ap.)
    buy
    3 Pokud vím, tak tady není.
    as far as

    Pozor na slovo frekventovaný při překladu do angličtiny! Ve významu častý je to frequent. Chcete-li ale říct, že je něco často navštěvované nebo je zde velký provoz, užije se frequented frɪˈkwεntɪd. Např.: frequented road - frekventovaná silnice.

    Exercise 26

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    • Přeložte.

    14 Kdybych to měl, dal bych ti to.
    6 Postarám se o to.
    18 Učím se anglicky už dva roky.
    12 Ještě nepřišel.
    16 Bydlím tady už deset let.
    8 Nesmíš to nikomu říct.
    4 Co se děje?
    10 Nemusíte platit.
    3 Dlouho vás nezdržím.
    5 Nevěděl jsem o tom.
    15 Nikdy jsem v Londýně nebyl.
    13 Nechám to na vás.
    7 Nebudu moci přijít.
    2 Mám zpoždění.
    9 Co ještě potřebujete?
    19 Všechno nejlepší k narozeninám!
    17 Jak dlouho už tady čekáte?
    1 Máte pravdu.
    11 Musel jsem tam jít.
    20 Hodně štěstí!

    Sidewalk je americký termín. V Británii pro chodník užívají pavement ˈpeɪvmənt! V americké angličtině je ale pavement zpevněná vozovka (asfaltovaný povrch ap.).

    Připoutat se (v autě ap.) se hlavně v americké angličtině hovorově řekne buckle up ˈbʌkəlˌʌp. Např.: Buckle up! - Připoutej(te) se!

    Pozor! Slovo police se v angličtině chová jako podstatné jméno v množném čísle, tedy: The police are ..., The police have ... ap.! Např. The police are after him. - Jde po něm policie., Police say that ... - Policie říká, že...