Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Přeložte.

    14 We had the house built.
    13 Have we met (before)?
    12 I'd love to, but I can't.
    19 I was fined for speeding.
    9 What was I supposed to do?
    6 It made him angry.
    7 He's known her for years.
    5 He has no sense of humour.
    10 Can you give me a lift?
    4 They differ in many ways.
    17 I'm looking forward to that.
    18 I've been taking driving lessons.
    8 He's to come too.
    2 I don't get it.
    16 I'll do it asap.
    11 I'll do my best.
    1 How've you been?
    3 It's getting worse.
    15 Have you done it yet?

    Speeding spiːdɪŋ je překročení povolené rychlosti (speed - rychlost). Speeding ticket je pokuta za rychlost. Např.: He got a speeding ticket. - Dostal pokutu za rychlost.

    Exercise 2

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    • Poslechněte si nahrávku a určete, zda je tvrzení pravdivé (true), nebo nepravdivé (false).

    6 Both the British and Americans like to use trains.
    5 New Yorkers are known to walk a lot around the city.
    7 Some 5 million people travel on the tube every day in London.
    3 They usually don't leave a tip in British pubs.
    1 Bob was fined 400 dollars for driving too fast.
    4 Americans mostly buy cars made in the US.
    2 John had an accident, but it wasn't his fault.
    8 The number of yellow cabs in New York is about 13.5 thousand.

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte odpovídající výroky.

    • 1 I'll keep it on.
    • 2 I won't keep you long.
    • 3 He broke up with her.
    • 4 I'll find out.
    • 5 He made it up.
    • 6 I'll catch up with you.
    • 7 He's missing her.
    • 8 He was fired.
    • e Nechám si to na sobě.
    • c Dostal vyhazov.
    • g Nezdržím tě dlouho.
    • d Rozešel se s ní.
    • f Vymyslel si to.
    • b Doženu vás.
    • g Zjistím to.
    • a Chybí mu.

    Exercise 4

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    7 Come out/on/at. Hurry up! We'll be late.
    3 Jane and Bob prepared it himself/themselves/ourselves.
    2 How long will it ask/take/keep to get there? - About an hour.
    4 He wasn't supposed to know. You couldn't/shouldn't/wouldn't have told him.
    5 Did you get my e-mail? - Yes, but I haven't red/read/readed it yet.
    8 They took in/off/out a loan to buy a car.
    9 I'm sorry of/at/about that. I did it by/on/of mistake.
    1 Most from/of/in them didn't know.
    10 I usually go in/in/by car, but we met in/at/on the bus.
    6 Could you take/get/pick me up at the airport tomorrow?

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte členy, some nebo any, kde třeba.

    14 I had busy day at work. I'm going to bed.
    2 Are there other ways? I can't think of .
    3 Can you lend me money? - I don't have money.
    13 Take meat out of bag and put it in fridge.
    7 I had accident when driving to work this morning.
    10 USA and Canada are almost same size.
    4 I bought new car. - What did you do with old one?
    5 Have wine! - Thanks, I don't drink alcohol.
    8 I saw it on TV yesterday when I was watching news.
    11 A boy from US met girl from Europe.
    1 Is there place where we could have dinner?
    6 Can you give me hand? - I don't have time for that.
    9 Would you like more cake? - Yes. I haven't had yet.
    12 He's American who makes lot of money.

    Exercise 6

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    • Doplňte překlady vět.

    12 Počkám, až přijde. I'll wait him to come.
    6 Kolik peněz tam je? How money is there?
    8 Pokud vím... As as I know ...
    14 Co tím myslíte? What do you by that?
    13 Bude to hotovo do pátku. It'll be finished Friday.
    7 Kolikrát jsi to už viděl? How many have you seen it?
    1 Chystám se k odchodu. I'm to leave.
    9 Neměl bys mu o tom říkat. You tell him.
    5 Doufám, že ne. I hope .
    10 Lepší by bylo počkat. It better to wait.
    4 Budete muset počkat. You'll wait.
    11 To jídlo se může zkazit. The food may bad.
    2 Byli jsme okradeni. We were .
    3 Je mi to jedno. I don't (about it).

    Exercise 7

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    • Spojte související výroky.

    • 1 He had a house built ...
    • 2 I'll tell her about it ...
    • 3 I've been learning English ...
    • 4 I tried to call him ...
    • 5 We had to wait ...
    • 6 I'm really sorry about ...
    • 7 I had a car accident ...
    • 8 He was fined 500 dollars ...
    • c but he sold it soon after.
    • h although she shouldn't know.
    • b what happened to her.
    • g until they came back.
    • d but it wasn't my fault.
    • a for about two years now.
    • e but he isn't answering the phone.
    • f which made him angry.

    Exercise 8

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    5 Are you hungry? - Not right/really/hardly. But I'm thirsty.
    7 Don't give up. You must stay/keep/last trying.
    11 I came at/across/about an interesting article.
    8 I'm in a hurry. I must catch/reach/have the bus.
    3 He's a year younger, but he's a head longer/taller/higher than me.
    4 I'm trying! - I know but you must try stronger/harder/heavier!
    2 What's up, man? Long time no sea/see/say. How've you been?
    6 I'm feeling unwell. I'll have to see/meet/reach a doctor.
    1 Are you looking forward to it? - Yes, I can't stay/afford/wait to see it.
    13 We didn't meet on/at/by chance. We agreed to meet/meeting/met.
    10 I sent it at/to/in his e-mail address at/on/by accident.
    12 I met her in/on/at the bus although I usually go on/in/by car.
    9 There will be no meeting. It was called out/away/off.

    Předložka by také znamená kolem, vedle (o pohybu). Např.: A police car went by. - Kolem projelo policejní auto. Stop by je hovorově stavit se (za někým).

    Exercise 9

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    • Doplňte druhou větu tak, aby měla opačný význam.

    4 I threw it away. - I it.
    2 He's found a job. - He was .
    13 They helped me do it. - I did it .
    3 She needn't know about it. - She know about it.
    6 You can get there by car. - You have to there.
    10 I like both beer and wine. - I like beer wine.
    11 It's getting better. - It's getting .
    8 Don't bring him with you. - Feel to bring him with you.
    5 You must take off your glasses. - You must put your glasses.
    15 He does hardly any work. - He works really .
    1 I have to work tomorrow. - I'm taking a day tomorrow.
    9 It cost at least 300. - It cost at 300.
    12 She calmed him down. - She made him .
    7 The computer is still on. - The computer is .
    14 What time do you go to bed? - What time do you up?

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte správné tvary slovesa v nápovědě.

    5 The house was sell for 20.000.
    4 He's speak to her.
    3 I've bring some wine.
    2 I haven't see you for ages!
    7 They meet years ago and become friends.
    1 Where be you last night?
    9 I give it to him and I think he keep it.
    6 She was hit by a car.
    8 He have an accident and was take to hospital.
    10 He be here a moment ago and he leave a message for you.

    Slovo left znamená též zbylý. Užívá se hlavně ve spojení be left - zbýt, zbývat. Např.: There's nothing left. - Nic nezbylo., I don't have much money left. - Už mi nezbývá moc peněz. ap.

    Exercise 11

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    • Doplňte správnou předložku.

    5 We'll meet Christmas Eve at 7 p.m. my place.
    10 What disease did he die ? It's not known.
    11 Do you have it you? - No, I left it work.
    6 Don't worry that. I'll take care it.
    8 They spend all their money food and clothes.
    1 Only one 20 Americans don't have a car.
    9 Look these two. Is there any difference them?
    12 Thank you so much. It's so nice you.
    3 I'm too tired. I can't go .
    2 I'll see you Monday 4 p.m.
    7 Who'll be looking the kids when she's gone?
    4 He'll be back ten minutes. You can wait him.

    Američané často jako výraz díků říkají: I appreciate it. - Vážím si toho., Oceňuji to. (appreciate əˈpriːʃɪˌeɪt - oceňovat, vážit si)

    Exercise 12

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    • Utvořte otázky. Ptejte se na zvýrazněná slova.

    1 He left for work an hour ago.
    6 I've known her for 2 years.
    4 I told Bob and Jane about it.
    3 Nobody else knows about it.
    5 We'll spend the weekend at the seaside.
    8 I haven't sent it yet.
    10 I've been learning English for a year.
    7 It cost me over 500 dollars.
    9 He drank five beers.
    2 I've been waiting for an hour.

    Exercise 13

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    • Doplňte překlady vět pomocí trpného rodu.

    12 Našli ji o týden později. She a week later.
    11 Viděli ji, jak odchází. She leaving.
    9 Vzali ho na vysokou. He to college.
    7 Toto slovo se často neužívá. This word often.
    4 Srazilo je nákladní auto. They by a truck.
    3 Mohli by ho vyhodit z práce. He could .
    10 Ví se o něm, že je bohatý. He to be rich.
    5 Postavili 3 nové domy. Three new houses .
    1 Ukradli mu auto. His car .
    8 Článek napsala dívka. The article by a girl.
    2 Bude povýšena. She'll .
    6 Tato auta se vyrábí v Japonsku. These cars in Japan.

    I'm flattered. ˈflætəd nebo též I feel flattered. je česky Jsem polichocen.

    Exercise 14

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu tvary slovesa do nebo make.

    6 We can't without their help.
    2 I've a big mistake.
    9 These photos me want to go on holiday.
    14 He it to her angry.
    7 They a lot of damage when they broke in.
    10 Please your best. It's very important.
    11 He a lot of money last year.
    4 How did you at school? Were you a good student?
    8 I need to a phone call.
    13 This dress me look fat.
    1 Have you your homework?
    5 I'm running late. I won't it in time.
    12 I only have 20 dollars. Will it ?
    3 Stop fun of me!
    15 it sense to you?

    Exercise 15

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    • Doplňte odpovědi pomocí slovesa z otázky.

    9 How did you feel when you found out? - I really bad.
    4 When did they send it? - They it last night.
    3 Did you get my message? - No, I no message.
    10 Did you write down his name? - No, I his number.
    7 Did you buy any wine? - No, I only food.
    5 How long did you spend there? - We a week there.
    2 When did he lose his job? - He his job last year.
    8 Did you understand him? - I only a few words.
    6 How many times did you try it? - I it at least five times.
    1 Where did you go on holiday? - We to the seaside.

    Exercise 16

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    • Doplňte správnou předložku.

    10 It was a secret meeting. They met closed doors.
    11 It's not for kids. You must be 18 years old to buy it.
    12 We'are all very sorry her death.
    2 We'll meet the airport.
    3 I'm leaving Paris tomorrow.
    6 I got it Christmas a friend of mine.
    8 She used to work a teacher.
    9 It looks you are having a great time.
    4 It's very hot. The temperature is 30 degrees.
    1 Have you ever been the USA?
    5 It's too hot inside. I'll wait the pub.
    7 I'm tired listening to them. I'm leaving.

    Spojení feel sorry for se užívá, když někoho litujete, be sorry for hlavně při omluvě za svůj čin ap., ale be sorry about se užije o situaci či něčem, co nastalo. Např.: I felt sorry for him. - Bylo mi ho líto., I'm sorry for disturbing you. - Promiňte, že vás ruším. ALE I'm sorry about that. - To mě mrzí. Sorry se může vázat i s infinitivem. Např.: We're sorry to inform you ... - S politováním vám oznamujeme...

    Exercise 17

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    • Napište věty, které uslyšíte. Neužívejte stažené tvary. (Pište celými slovy.)

    1
    7
    6
    3
    10
    5
    4
    8
    2
    9

    Exercise 18

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    • Spojte výroky, které mají opačný význam.

    • 1 He's jobless.
    • 2 He made her angry.
    • 3 He's in good health.
    • 4 I'm enjoying it.
    • 5 He died there.
    • 6 I don't care about her.
    • 7 I have two siblings.
    • 8 I'm really hungry.
    • h He was born there.
    • g I'm crazy about her.
    • e He's employed.
    • a He's seriously ill.
    • b I'm tired of it.
    • f He calmed her down.
    • c I've eaten.
    • d I'm an only child.

    Exercise 19

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    • Doplňte větu posunutou do minulého času s užitím časové souslednosti.

    5 I hope you'll come. - I hoped you come.
    1 I think she is there. - I thought she there.
    6 She says she'll help us. - She said she help us.
    2 I'm afraid they're lost. - I was afraid they lost.
    9 I don't know who did it. - I didn't know who it.
    4 I suppose you know that. - I supposed you that.
    3 I'm sure they have it. - I was sure they it.
    7 I believe he forgot about it. - I believed he it.
    8 He says he was there. - He said he there.
    10 I know what he's going to do. - I knew what he going to do.

    Exercise 20

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    • Přeložte. Použijte nápovědu.

    4 Už odešli.
    already
    1 Díváme se právě na film.
    just
    6 Ještě jsem to nečetl.
    yet
    3 Právě jsem to dodělal.
    just
    10 Zkus to ještě jednou.
    again; more
    2 Už jsi to poslal?
    yet
    8 Co ještě bych měl udělat?
    else
    5 Neviděl jsem ho už měsíce.
    for months
    7 To bude ještě dražší.
    even
    9 Dám si ještě jedno pivo.
    more

    Exercise 21

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    • Doplňte překlady pomocí frázových sloves.

    3 Chtějí si užít (života). They want to it up.
    13 Vyrazíme brzy ráno. We'll out early.
    2 Měl by nechat kouření. He should up smoking.
    11 Můžeme to odložit? Can we it off?
    12 Došel mi benzín. I've out of petrol.
    6 Ceny domů vzrostly o... House prices up by ...
    8 Letadlo už odstartovalo. The plane has off.
    14 (Dávej) pozor! Watch !
    7 Mám pustit televizi? Shall I on the TV?
    5 Musím se přihlásit v hotelu. I must in at the hotel.
    4 Řekni mu, ať se uklidní. Tell him to down.
    9 Vydržte chvilku. Hold a minute.
    1 Už jsem zjistil, kolik to stojí. I've out how much it costs.
    10 Čti dál. on reading.

    Frázové sloveso go for má několik významů. Jeden z nejběžnějších je vybrat si nebo rozhodnout se pro. Např.: I'd go for this one. - Já bych si vybral tento. Ve významu platit pro... se užívá go for stejně jako sloveso apply to əˈplaɪˌtuː. Např.: That goes for you too., That applies to you too. - To platí i pro tebe. ap.

    Jaywalking ˈdʒeɪˌwɔːkɪŋ je neukázněné přecházení silnice. Termín jaywalker ˈdʒeɪˌwɔːkə je neukázněný chodec (přecházející na červenou, mimo přechod ap.).

    Exercise 23

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    • Vyberte správné slovo podle výkladu.

    7 When someone takes your things away, you are broken/robbed/stolen.
    6 When you get well again after being ill, you have tired/recovered/fainted.
    11 When you've done something many times and you have no problem doing it, you are used to/addicted to/interested in it.
    10 The part of a street used for walking is called the jaywalk/sidewalk/walker.
    9 An old person who doesn't work anymore is wrapped/retired/admitted.
    1 When two people are not a couple any more, they break up/down/in.
    5 To get a driving licence, you must first make/get/pass a driving test.
    3 When a meeting is to take place later, it is put out/away/off.
    8 When you give someone food, you say: Welcome/Cheers/Help yourself.
    2 When you get divorced/married/bored you become a husband and wife.
    4 If you want to eat healthily, you should get/avoid/order junk food.

    Obrat to hail a taxi znamená zastavit si taxi (mávnutím). Podobně se užívá fráze wave down a taxi (wave weɪv - mávnout, zamávat).

    Exercise 24

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    • Doplňte překlady.

    14 Ať neodchází! Don't him go!
    10 Bude to stát spoustu peněz. It'll cost a of money.
    13 Jeďte po této cestě. Go this road.
    12 Vyzvednu tě na letišti. I'll you up at the airport.
    2 Doufejme, že to vyjde. Let's hope it'll off.
    6 Zvykl jsem si na to. I used to it.
    3 To zní zajímavě. That interesting.
    5 Nechám to na vás. I'll it up to you.
    4 Mám (moc) rád italské jídlo. I'm of Italian food.
    8 Odjíždím v pátek ráno. I'm leaving Friday morning.
    9 Byla okradena dvěma muži. She by two men.
    11 Mám raději čaj než kávu. I tea to coffee.
    7 Nejezdím po městě autem. I don't drive the city.
    1 Zamilovala se do něho. She in love with him.

    Ať v rozkazu lze také někdy přeložit pomocí obratu make sure (that) (ujisti se/zajisti, že...) Např.: Make sure you don't lose it. - Ať to neztratíš., Make sure he doesn't break it. - Ať to nerozbije. ap.

    Exercise 25

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    • Přeložte. Použijte nápovědu.

    4 To je ale překvapení!
    surprise
    10 Rádi bychom si objednali.
    order
    5 Co takhle si dát pivo?
    pint
    2 Dám vám vědět co nejdřív.
    as soon as
    9 Změnil jsem názor.
    mind
    11 Platím já! (pití ap.)
    buy
    7 Nejsem z toho zrovna nadšený.
    crazy
    14 To rád slyším.
    glad
    1 Nevím, jak dlouho to potrvá.
    take
    6 Nechce se mi tam jít.
    feel like
    12 Neslyším vás.
    can
    13 To nevadí.
    mind
    3 Pokud vím, tak tady není.
    as far as
    8 To by bylo skvělé!
    great

    Pozor na slovo frekventovaný při překladu do angličtiny! Ve významu častý je to frequent. Chcete-li ale říct, že je něco často navštěvované nebo je zde velký provoz, užije se frequented frɪˈkwεntɪd. Např.: frequented road - frekventovaná silnice.

    Exercise 26

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    • Přeložte.

    2 Mám zpoždění.
    12 Ještě nepřišel.
    15 Nikdy jsem v Londýně nebyl.
    10 Nemusíte platit.
    8 Nesmíš to nikomu říct.
    1 Máte pravdu.
    6 Postarám se o to.
    19 Všechno nejlepší k narozeninám!
    14 Kdybych to měl, dal bych ti to.
    3 Dlouho vás nezdržím.
    16 Bydlím tady už deset let.
    13 Nechám to na vás.
    18 Učím se anglicky už dva roky.
    4 Co se děje?
    17 Jak dlouho už tady čekáte?
    5 Nevěděl jsem o tom.
    11 Musel jsem tam jít.
    20 Hodně štěstí!
    9 Co ještě potřebujete?
    7 Nebudu moci přijít.

    Sidewalk je americký termín. V Británii pro chodník užívají pavement ˈpeɪvmənt! V americké angličtině je ale pavement zpevněná vozovka (asfaltovaný povrch ap.).

    Připoutat se (v autě ap.) se hlavně v americké angličtině hovorově řekne buckle up ˈbʌkəlˌʌp. Např.: Buckle up! - Připoutej(te) se!

    Pozor! Slovo police se v angličtině chová jako podstatné jméno v množném čísle, tedy: The police are ..., The police have ... ap.! Např. The police are after him. - Jde po něm policie., Police say that ... - Policie říká, že...