Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Přeložte.

    18 I've been taking driving lessons.
    12 I'd love to, but I can't.
    7 He's known her for years.
    6 It made him angry.
    5 He has no sense of humour.
    11 I'll do my best.
    8 He's to come too.
    15 Have you done it yet?
    10 Can you give me a lift?
    19 I was fined for speeding.
    1 How've you been?
    16 I'll do it asap.
    2 I don't get it.
    3 It's getting worse.
    9 What was I supposed to do?
    13 Have we met (before)?
    4 They differ in many ways.
    17 I'm looking forward to that.
    14 We had the house built.

    Speeding spiːdɪŋ je překročení povolené rychlosti (speed - rychlost). Speeding ticket je pokuta za rychlost. Např.: He got a speeding ticket. - Dostal pokutu za rychlost.

    Exercise 2

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    • Poslechněte si nahrávku a určete, zda je tvrzení pravdivé (true), nebo nepravdivé (false).

    1 Bob was fined 400 dollars for driving too fast.
    2 John had an accident, but it wasn't his fault.
    6 Both the British and Americans like to use trains.
    4 Americans mostly buy cars made in the US.
    5 New Yorkers are known to walk a lot around the city.
    3 They usually don't leave a tip in British pubs.
    8 The number of yellow cabs in New York is about 13.5 thousand.
    7 Some 5 million people travel on the tube every day in London.

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte odpovídající výroky.

    • 1 I'll keep it on.
    • 2 I won't keep you long.
    • 3 He broke up with her.
    • 4 I'll find out.
    • 5 He made it up.
    • 6 I'll catch up with you.
    • 7 He's missing her.
    • 8 He was fired.
    • f Vymyslel si to.
    • a Chybí mu.
    • g Nezdržím tě dlouho.
    • g Zjistím to.
    • d Rozešel se s ní.
    • e Nechám si to na sobě.
    • c Dostal vyhazov.
    • b Doženu vás.

    Exercise 4

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    5 Did you get my e-mail? - Yes, but I haven't red/read/readed it yet.
    8 They took in/off/out a loan to buy a car.
    6 Could you take/get/pick me up at the airport tomorrow?
    1 Most from/of/in them didn't know.
    4 He wasn't supposed to know. You couldn't/shouldn't/wouldn't have told him.
    9 I'm sorry of/at/about that. I did it by/on/of mistake.
    2 How long will it ask/take/keep to get there? - About an hour.
    10 I usually go in/in/by car, but we met in/at/on the bus.
    7 Come out/on/at. Hurry up! We'll be late.
    3 Jane and Bob prepared it himself/themselves/ourselves.

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte členy, some nebo any, kde třeba.

    8 I saw it on TV yesterday when I was watching news.
    2 Are there other ways? I can't think of .
    12 He's American who makes lot of money.
    1 Is there place where we could have dinner?
    9 Would you like more cake? - Yes. I haven't had yet.
    3 Can you lend me money? - I don't have money.
    6 Can you give me hand? - I don't have time for that.
    5 Have wine! - Thanks, I don't drink alcohol.
    14 I had busy day at work. I'm going to bed.
    4 I bought new car. - What did you do with old one?
    13 Take meat out of bag and put it in fridge.
    10 USA and Canada are almost same size.
    11 A boy from US met girl from Europe.
    7 I had accident when driving to work this morning.

    Exercise 6

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    • Doplňte překlady vět.

    4 Budete muset počkat. You'll wait.
    12 Počkám, až přijde. I'll wait him to come.
    14 Co tím myslíte? What do you by that?
    6 Kolik peněz tam je? How money is there?
    2 Byli jsme okradeni. We were .
    10 Lepší by bylo počkat. It better to wait.
    13 Bude to hotovo do pátku. It'll be finished Friday.
    9 Neměl bys mu o tom říkat. You tell him.
    11 To jídlo se může zkazit. The food may bad.
    7 Kolikrát jsi to už viděl? How many have you seen it?
    8 Pokud vím... As as I know ...
    1 Chystám se k odchodu. I'm to leave.
    3 Je mi to jedno. I don't (about it).
    5 Doufám, že ne. I hope .

    Exercise 7

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    • Spojte související výroky.

    • 1 He had a house built ...
    • 2 I'll tell her about it ...
    • 3 I've been learning English ...
    • 4 I tried to call him ...
    • 5 We had to wait ...
    • 6 I'm really sorry about ...
    • 7 I had a car accident ...
    • 8 He was fined 500 dollars ...
    • c but he sold it soon after.
    • b what happened to her.
    • a for about two years now.
    • d but it wasn't my fault.
    • g until they came back.
    • f which made him angry.
    • e but he isn't answering the phone.
    • h although she shouldn't know.

    Exercise 8

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    13 We didn't meet on/at/by chance. We agreed to meet/meeting/met.
    11 I came at/across/about an interesting article.
    7 Don't give up. You must stay/keep/last trying.
    8 I'm in a hurry. I must catch/reach/have the bus.
    1 Are you looking forward to it? - Yes, I can't stay/afford/wait to see it.
    5 Are you hungry? - Not right/really/hardly. But I'm thirsty.
    4 I'm trying! - I know but you must try stronger/harder/heavier!
    10 I sent it at/to/in his e-mail address at/on/by accident.
    6 I'm feeling unwell. I'll have to see/meet/reach a doctor.
    12 I met her in/on/at the bus although I usually go on/in/by car.
    9 There will be no meeting. It was called out/away/off.
    3 He's a year younger, but he's a head longer/taller/higher than me.
    2 What's up, man? Long time no sea/see/say. How've you been?

    Předložka by také znamená kolem, vedle (o pohybu). Např.: A police car went by. - Kolem projelo policejní auto. Stop by je hovorově stavit se (za někým).

    Exercise 9

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    • Doplňte druhou větu tak, aby měla opačný význam.

    2 He's found a job. - He was .
    6 You can get there by car. - You have to there.
    7 The computer is still on. - The computer is .
    9 It cost at least 300. - It cost at 300.
    8 Don't bring him with you. - Feel to bring him with you.
    15 He does hardly any work. - He works really .
    1 I have to work tomorrow. - I'm taking a day tomorrow.
    5 You must take off your glasses. - You must put your glasses.
    4 I threw it away. - I it.
    10 I like both beer and wine. - I like beer wine.
    14 What time do you go to bed? - What time do you up?
    12 She calmed him down. - She made him .
    3 She needn't know about it. - She know about it.
    11 It's getting better. - It's getting .
    13 They helped me do it. - I did it .

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte správné tvary slovesa v nápovědě.

    5 The house was sell for 20.000.
    6 She was hit by a car.
    2 I haven't see you for ages!
    10 He be here a moment ago and he leave a message for you.
    7 They meet years ago and become friends.
    3 I've bring some wine.
    4 He's speak to her.
    9 I give it to him and I think he keep it.
    1 Where be you last night?
    8 He have an accident and was take to hospital.

    Slovo left znamená též zbylý. Užívá se hlavně ve spojení be left - zbýt, zbývat. Např.: There's nothing left. - Nic nezbylo., I don't have much money left. - Už mi nezbývá moc peněz. ap.

    Exercise 11

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    • Doplňte správnou předložku.

    7 Who'll be looking the kids when she's gone?
    4 He'll be back ten minutes. You can wait him.
    8 They spend all their money food and clothes.
    3 I'm too tired. I can't go .
    12 Thank you so much. It's so nice you.
    5 We'll meet Christmas Eve at 7 p.m. my place.
    9 Look these two. Is there any difference them?
    1 Only one 20 Americans don't have a car.
    10 What disease did he die ? It's not known.
    11 Do you have it you? - No, I left it work.
    6 Don't worry that. I'll take care it.
    2 I'll see you Monday 4 p.m.

    Američané často jako výraz díků říkají: I appreciate it. - Vážím si toho., Oceňuji to. (appreciate əˈpriːʃɪˌeɪt - oceňovat, vážit si)

    Exercise 12

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    • Utvořte otázky. Ptejte se na zvýrazněná slova.

    9 He drank five beers.
    8 I haven't sent it yet.
    10 I've been learning English for a year.
    7 It cost me over 500 dollars.
    5 We'll spend the weekend at the seaside.
    6 I've known her for 2 years.
    3 Nobody else knows about it.
    4 I told Bob and Jane about it.
    2 I've been waiting for an hour.
    1 He left for work an hour ago.

    Exercise 13

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    • Doplňte překlady vět pomocí trpného rodu.

    6 Tato auta se vyrábí v Japonsku. These cars in Japan.
    12 Našli ji o týden později. She a week later.
    7 Toto slovo se často neužívá. This word often.
    4 Srazilo je nákladní auto. They by a truck.
    10 Ví se o něm, že je bohatý. He to be rich.
    9 Vzali ho na vysokou. He to college.
    2 Bude povýšena. She'll .
    8 Článek napsala dívka. The article by a girl.
    11 Viděli ji, jak odchází. She leaving.
    1 Ukradli mu auto. His car .
    5 Postavili 3 nové domy. Three new houses .
    3 Mohli by ho vyhodit z práce. He could .

    I'm flattered. ˈflætəd nebo též I feel flattered. je česky Jsem polichocen.

    Exercise 14

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu tvary slovesa do nebo make.

    12 I only have 20 dollars. Will it ?
    2 I've a big mistake.
    9 These photos me want to go on holiday.
    15 it sense to you?
    13 This dress me look fat.
    1 Have you your homework?
    8 I need to a phone call.
    7 They a lot of damage when they broke in.
    4 How did you at school? Were you a good student?
    6 We can't without their help.
    11 He a lot of money last year.
    3 Stop fun of me!
    5 I'm running late. I won't it in time.
    14 He it to her angry.
    10 Please your best. It's very important.

    Exercise 15

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    • Doplňte odpovědi pomocí slovesa z otázky.

    5 How long did you spend there? - We a week there.
    6 How many times did you try it? - I it at least five times.
    3 Did you get my message? - No, I no message.
    7 Did you buy any wine? - No, I only food.
    1 Where did you go on holiday? - We to the seaside.
    8 Did you understand him? - I only a few words.
    9 How did you feel when you found out? - I really bad.
    10 Did you write down his name? - No, I his number.
    4 When did they send it? - They it last night.
    2 When did he lose his job? - He his job last year.

    Exercise 16

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    • Doplňte správnou předložku.

    3 I'm leaving Paris tomorrow.
    7 I'm tired listening to them. I'm leaving.
    2 We'll meet the airport.
    4 It's very hot. The temperature is 30 degrees.
    1 Have you ever been the USA?
    11 It's not for kids. You must be 18 years old to buy it.
    9 It looks you are having a great time.
    10 It was a secret meeting. They met closed doors.
    6 I got it Christmas a friend of mine.
    8 She used to work a teacher.
    12 We'are all very sorry her death.
    5 It's too hot inside. I'll wait the pub.

    Spojení feel sorry for se užívá, když někoho litujete, be sorry for hlavně při omluvě za svůj čin ap., ale be sorry about se užije o situaci či něčem, co nastalo. Např.: I felt sorry for him. - Bylo mi ho líto., I'm sorry for disturbing you. - Promiňte, že vás ruším. ALE I'm sorry about that. - To mě mrzí. Sorry se může vázat i s infinitivem. Např.: We're sorry to inform you ... - S politováním vám oznamujeme...

    Exercise 17

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    • Napište věty, které uslyšíte. Neužívejte stažené tvary. (Pište celými slovy.)

    1
    5
    4
    8
    3
    10
    6
    7
    9
    2

    Exercise 18

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    • Spojte výroky, které mají opačný význam.

    • 1 He's jobless.
    • 2 He made her angry.
    • 3 He's in good health.
    • 4 I'm enjoying it.
    • 5 He died there.
    • 6 I don't care about her.
    • 7 I have two siblings.
    • 8 I'm really hungry.
    • f He calmed her down.
    • b I'm tired of it.
    • e He's employed.
    • a He's seriously ill.
    • c I've eaten.
    • d I'm an only child.
    • g I'm crazy about her.
    • h He was born there.

    Exercise 19

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    • Doplňte větu posunutou do minulého času s užitím časové souslednosti.

    10 I know what he's going to do. - I knew what he going to do.
    3 I'm sure they have it. - I was sure they it.
    7 I believe he forgot about it. - I believed he it.
    5 I hope you'll come. - I hoped you come.
    1 I think she is there. - I thought she there.
    4 I suppose you know that. - I supposed you that.
    2 I'm afraid they're lost. - I was afraid they lost.
    9 I don't know who did it. - I didn't know who it.
    8 He says he was there. - He said he there.
    6 She says she'll help us. - She said she help us.

    Exercise 20

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    • Přeložte. Použijte nápovědu.

    2 Už jsi to poslal?
    yet
    4 Už odešli.
    already
    3 Právě jsem to dodělal.
    just
    1 Díváme se právě na film.
    just
    5 Neviděl jsem ho už měsíce.
    for months
    7 To bude ještě dražší.
    even
    9 Dám si ještě jedno pivo.
    more
    8 Co ještě bych měl udělat?
    else
    10 Zkus to ještě jednou.
    again; more
    6 Ještě jsem to nečetl.
    yet

    Exercise 21

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    • Doplňte překlady pomocí frázových sloves.

    13 Vyrazíme brzy ráno. We'll out early.
    14 (Dávej) pozor! Watch !
    9 Vydržte chvilku. Hold a minute.
    3 Chtějí si užít (života). They want to it up.
    12 Došel mi benzín. I've out of petrol.
    6 Ceny domů vzrostly o... House prices up by ...
    7 Mám pustit televizi? Shall I on the TV?
    8 Letadlo už odstartovalo. The plane has off.
    1 Už jsem zjistil, kolik to stojí. I've out how much it costs.
    10 Čti dál. on reading.
    5 Musím se přihlásit v hotelu. I must in at the hotel.
    2 Měl by nechat kouření. He should up smoking.
    11 Můžeme to odložit? Can we it off?
    4 Řekni mu, ať se uklidní. Tell him to down.

    Frázové sloveso go for má několik významů. Jeden z nejběžnějších je vybrat si nebo rozhodnout se pro. Např.: I'd go for this one. - Já bych si vybral tento. Ve významu platit pro... se užívá go for stejně jako sloveso apply to əˈplaɪˌtuː. Např.: That goes for you too., That applies to you too. - To platí i pro tebe. ap.

    Jaywalking ˈdʒeɪˌwɔːkɪŋ je neukázněné přecházení silnice. Termín jaywalker ˈdʒeɪˌwɔːkə je neukázněný chodec (přecházející na červenou, mimo přechod ap.).

    Exercise 23

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    • Vyberte správné slovo podle výkladu.

    7 When someone takes your things away, you are broken/robbed/stolen.
    6 When you get well again after being ill, you have tired/recovered/fainted.
    5 To get a driving licence, you must first make/get/pass a driving test.
    8 When you give someone food, you say: Welcome/Cheers/Help yourself.
    10 The part of a street used for walking is called the jaywalk/sidewalk/walker.
    1 When two people are not a couple any more, they break up/down/in.
    3 When a meeting is to take place later, it is put out/away/off.
    2 When you get divorced/married/bored you become a husband and wife.
    9 An old person who doesn't work anymore is wrapped/retired/admitted.
    4 If you want to eat healthily, you should get/avoid/order junk food.
    11 When you've done something many times and you have no problem doing it, you are used to/addicted to/interested in it.

    Obrat to hail a taxi znamená zastavit si taxi (mávnutím). Podobně se užívá fráze wave down a taxi (wave weɪv - mávnout, zamávat).

    Exercise 24

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    • Doplňte překlady.

    7 Nejezdím po městě autem. I don't drive the city.
    1 Zamilovala se do něho. She in love with him.
    10 Bude to stát spoustu peněz. It'll cost a of money.
    4 Mám (moc) rád italské jídlo. I'm of Italian food.
    8 Odjíždím v pátek ráno. I'm leaving Friday morning.
    12 Vyzvednu tě na letišti. I'll you up at the airport.
    14 Ať neodchází! Don't him go!
    6 Zvykl jsem si na to. I used to it.
    3 To zní zajímavě. That interesting.
    11 Mám raději čaj než kávu. I tea to coffee.
    2 Doufejme, že to vyjde. Let's hope it'll off.
    9 Byla okradena dvěma muži. She by two men.
    5 Nechám to na vás. I'll it up to you.
    13 Jeďte po této cestě. Go this road.

    Ať v rozkazu lze také někdy přeložit pomocí obratu make sure (that) (ujisti se/zajisti, že...) Např.: Make sure you don't lose it. - Ať to neztratíš., Make sure he doesn't break it. - Ať to nerozbije. ap.

    Exercise 25

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    • Přeložte. Použijte nápovědu.

    3 Pokud vím, tak tady není.
    as far as
    2 Dám vám vědět co nejdřív.
    as soon as
    10 Rádi bychom si objednali.
    order
    8 To by bylo skvělé!
    great
    1 Nevím, jak dlouho to potrvá.
    take
    5 Co takhle si dát pivo?
    pint
    9 Změnil jsem názor.
    mind
    12 Neslyším vás.
    can
    6 Nechce se mi tam jít.
    feel like
    11 Platím já! (pití ap.)
    buy
    13 To nevadí.
    mind
    14 To rád slyším.
    glad
    7 Nejsem z toho zrovna nadšený.
    crazy
    4 To je ale překvapení!
    surprise

    Pozor na slovo frekventovaný při překladu do angličtiny! Ve významu častý je to frequent. Chcete-li ale říct, že je něco často navštěvované nebo je zde velký provoz, užije se frequented frɪˈkwεntɪd. Např.: frequented road - frekventovaná silnice.

    Exercise 26

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    • Přeložte.

    20 Hodně štěstí!
    10 Nemusíte platit.
    6 Postarám se o to.
    14 Kdybych to měl, dal bych ti to.
    9 Co ještě potřebujete?
    2 Mám zpoždění.
    8 Nesmíš to nikomu říct.
    16 Bydlím tady už deset let.
    4 Co se děje?
    7 Nebudu moci přijít.
    15 Nikdy jsem v Londýně nebyl.
    19 Všechno nejlepší k narozeninám!
    11 Musel jsem tam jít.
    17 Jak dlouho už tady čekáte?
    18 Učím se anglicky už dva roky.
    3 Dlouho vás nezdržím.
    5 Nevěděl jsem o tom.
    13 Nechám to na vás.
    12 Ještě nepřišel.
    1 Máte pravdu.

    Sidewalk je americký termín. V Británii pro chodník užívají pavement ˈpeɪvmənt! V americké angličtině je ale pavement zpevněná vozovka (asfaltovaný povrch ap.).

    Připoutat se (v autě ap.) se hlavně v americké angličtině hovorově řekne buckle up ˈbʌkəlˌʌp. Např.: Buckle up! - Připoutej(te) se!

    Pozor! Slovo police se v angličtině chová jako podstatné jméno v množném čísle, tedy: The police are ..., The police have ... ap.! Např. The police are after him. - Jde po něm policie., Police say that ... - Policie říká, že...