Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Přeložte.

    12 I'd love to, but I can't.
    4 They differ in many ways.
    19 I was fined for speeding.
    7 He's known her for years.
    14 We had the house built.
    8 He's to come too.
    13 Have we met (before)?
    15 Have you done it yet?
    3 It's getting worse.
    11 I'll do my best.
    5 He has no sense of humour.
    18 I've been taking driving lessons.
    1 How've you been?
    9 What was I supposed to do?
    2 I don't get it.
    6 It made him angry.
    17 I'm looking forward to that.
    10 Can you give me a lift?
    16 I'll do it asap.

    Speeding spiːdɪŋ je překročení povolené rychlosti (speed - rychlost). Speeding ticket je pokuta za rychlost. Např.: He got a speeding ticket. - Dostal pokutu za rychlost.

    Exercise 2

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    • Poslechněte si nahrávku a určete, zda je tvrzení pravdivé (true), nebo nepravdivé (false).

    2 John had an accident, but it wasn't his fault.
    1 Bob was fined 400 dollars for driving too fast.
    8 The number of yellow cabs in New York is about 13.5 thousand.
    5 New Yorkers are known to walk a lot around the city.
    7 Some 5 million people travel on the tube every day in London.
    4 Americans mostly buy cars made in the US.
    6 Both the British and Americans like to use trains.
    3 They usually don't leave a tip in British pubs.

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte odpovídající výroky.

    • 1 I'll keep it on.
    • 2 I won't keep you long.
    • 3 He broke up with her.
    • 4 I'll find out.
    • 5 He made it up.
    • 6 I'll catch up with you.
    • 7 He's missing her.
    • 8 He was fired.
    • a Chybí mu.
    • c Dostal vyhazov.
    • e Nechám si to na sobě.
    • b Doženu vás.
    • f Vymyslel si to.
    • g Zjistím to.
    • g Nezdržím tě dlouho.
    • d Rozešel se s ní.

    Exercise 4

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    3 Jane and Bob prepared it himself/themselves/ourselves.
    10 I usually go in/in/by car, but we met in/at/on the bus.
    8 They took in/off/out a loan to buy a car.
    4 He wasn't supposed to know. You couldn't/shouldn't/wouldn't have told him.
    5 Did you get my e-mail? - Yes, but I haven't red/read/readed it yet.
    9 I'm sorry of/at/about that. I did it by/on/of mistake.
    6 Could you take/get/pick me up at the airport tomorrow?
    7 Come out/on/at. Hurry up! We'll be late.
    1 Most from/of/in them didn't know.
    2 How long will it ask/take/keep to get there? - About an hour.

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte členy, some nebo any, kde třeba.

    7 I had accident when driving to work this morning.
    13 Take meat out of bag and put it in fridge.
    4 I bought new car. - What did you do with old one?
    10 USA and Canada are almost same size.
    2 Are there other ways? I can't think of .
    11 A boy from US met girl from Europe.
    5 Have wine! - Thanks, I don't drink alcohol.
    8 I saw it on TV yesterday when I was watching news.
    12 He's American who makes lot of money.
    3 Can you lend me money? - I don't have money.
    1 Is there place where we could have dinner?
    14 I had busy day at work. I'm going to bed.
    9 Would you like more cake? - Yes. I haven't had yet.
    6 Can you give me hand? - I don't have time for that.

    Exercise 6

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    • Doplňte překlady vět.

    4 Budete muset počkat. You'll wait.
    3 Je mi to jedno. I don't (about it).
    5 Doufám, že ne. I hope .
    12 Počkám, až přijde. I'll wait him to come.
    13 Bude to hotovo do pátku. It'll be finished Friday.
    11 To jídlo se může zkazit. The food may bad.
    6 Kolik peněz tam je? How money is there?
    9 Neměl bys mu o tom říkat. You tell him.
    1 Chystám se k odchodu. I'm to leave.
    2 Byli jsme okradeni. We were .
    8 Pokud vím... As as I know ...
    7 Kolikrát jsi to už viděl? How many have you seen it?
    10 Lepší by bylo počkat. It better to wait.
    14 Co tím myslíte? What do you by that?

    Exercise 7

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    • Spojte související výroky.

    • 1 He had a house built ...
    • 2 I'll tell her about it ...
    • 3 I've been learning English ...
    • 4 I tried to call him ...
    • 5 We had to wait ...
    • 6 I'm really sorry about ...
    • 7 I had a car accident ...
    • 8 He was fined 500 dollars ...
    • a for about two years now.
    • f which made him angry.
    • g until they came back.
    • c but he sold it soon after.
    • b what happened to her.
    • h although she shouldn't know.
    • e but he isn't answering the phone.
    • d but it wasn't my fault.

    Exercise 8

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    4 I'm trying! - I know but you must try stronger/harder/heavier!
    13 We didn't meet on/at/by chance. We agreed to meet/meeting/met.
    6 I'm feeling unwell. I'll have to see/meet/reach a doctor.
    1 Are you looking forward to it? - Yes, I can't stay/afford/wait to see it.
    11 I came at/across/about an interesting article.
    2 What's up, man? Long time no sea/see/say. How've you been?
    9 There will be no meeting. It was called out/away/off.
    10 I sent it at/to/in his e-mail address at/on/by accident.
    7 Don't give up. You must stay/keep/last trying.
    12 I met her in/on/at the bus although I usually go on/in/by car.
    3 He's a year younger, but he's a head longer/taller/higher than me.
    5 Are you hungry? - Not right/really/hardly. But I'm thirsty.
    8 I'm in a hurry. I must catch/reach/have the bus.

    Předložka by také znamená kolem, vedle (o pohybu). Např.: A police car went by. - Kolem projelo policejní auto. Stop by je hovorově stavit se (za někým).

    Exercise 9

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    • Doplňte druhou větu tak, aby měla opačný význam.

    8 Don't bring him with you. - Feel to bring him with you.
    10 I like both beer and wine. - I like beer wine.
    14 What time do you go to bed? - What time do you up?
    2 He's found a job. - He was .
    12 She calmed him down. - She made him .
    3 She needn't know about it. - She know about it.
    11 It's getting better. - It's getting .
    4 I threw it away. - I it.
    9 It cost at least 300. - It cost at 300.
    6 You can get there by car. - You have to there.
    5 You must take off your glasses. - You must put your glasses.
    1 I have to work tomorrow. - I'm taking a day tomorrow.
    15 He does hardly any work. - He works really .
    7 The computer is still on. - The computer is .
    13 They helped me do it. - I did it .

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte správné tvary slovesa v nápovědě.

    7 They meet years ago and become friends.
    5 The house was sell for 20.000.
    1 Where be you last night?
    4 He's speak to her.
    8 He have an accident and was take to hospital.
    3 I've bring some wine.
    9 I give it to him and I think he keep it.
    10 He be here a moment ago and he leave a message for you.
    2 I haven't see you for ages!
    6 She was hit by a car.

    Slovo left znamená též zbylý. Užívá se hlavně ve spojení be left - zbýt, zbývat. Např.: There's nothing left. - Nic nezbylo., I don't have much money left. - Už mi nezbývá moc peněz. ap.

    Exercise 11

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    • Doplňte správnou předložku.

    10 What disease did he die ? It's not known.
    2 I'll see you Monday 4 p.m.
    9 Look these two. Is there any difference them?
    7 Who'll be looking the kids when she's gone?
    11 Do you have it you? - No, I left it work.
    8 They spend all their money food and clothes.
    12 Thank you so much. It's so nice you.
    3 I'm too tired. I can't go .
    6 Don't worry that. I'll take care it.
    5 We'll meet Christmas Eve at 7 p.m. my place.
    1 Only one 20 Americans don't have a car.
    4 He'll be back ten minutes. You can wait him.

    Američané často jako výraz díků říkají: I appreciate it. - Vážím si toho., Oceňuji to. (appreciate əˈpriːʃɪˌeɪt - oceňovat, vážit si)

    Exercise 12

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    • Utvořte otázky. Ptejte se na zvýrazněná slova.

    4 I told Bob and Jane about it.
    5 We'll spend the weekend at the seaside.
    6 I've known her for 2 years.
    10 I've been learning English for a year.
    7 It cost me over 500 dollars.
    2 I've been waiting for an hour.
    9 He drank five beers.
    3 Nobody else knows about it.
    1 He left for work an hour ago.
    8 I haven't sent it yet.

    Exercise 13

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    • Doplňte překlady vět pomocí trpného rodu.

    6 Tato auta se vyrábí v Japonsku. These cars in Japan.
    12 Našli ji o týden později. She a week later.
    11 Viděli ji, jak odchází. She leaving.
    8 Článek napsala dívka. The article by a girl.
    10 Ví se o něm, že je bohatý. He to be rich.
    3 Mohli by ho vyhodit z práce. He could .
    4 Srazilo je nákladní auto. They by a truck.
    9 Vzali ho na vysokou. He to college.
    2 Bude povýšena. She'll .
    5 Postavili 3 nové domy. Three new houses .
    7 Toto slovo se často neužívá. This word often.
    1 Ukradli mu auto. His car .

    I'm flattered. ˈflætəd nebo též I feel flattered. je česky Jsem polichocen.

    Exercise 14

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu tvary slovesa do nebo make.

    8 I need to a phone call.
    1 Have you your homework?
    7 They a lot of damage when they broke in.
    12 I only have 20 dollars. Will it ?
    5 I'm running late. I won't it in time.
    2 I've a big mistake.
    10 Please your best. It's very important.
    9 These photos me want to go on holiday.
    13 This dress me look fat.
    15 it sense to you?
    6 We can't without their help.
    11 He a lot of money last year.
    4 How did you at school? Were you a good student?
    3 Stop fun of me!
    14 He it to her angry.

    Exercise 15

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    • Doplňte odpovědi pomocí slovesa z otázky.

    1 Where did you go on holiday? - We to the seaside.
    5 How long did you spend there? - We a week there.
    9 How did you feel when you found out? - I really bad.
    7 Did you buy any wine? - No, I only food.
    3 Did you get my message? - No, I no message.
    6 How many times did you try it? - I it at least five times.
    2 When did he lose his job? - He his job last year.
    10 Did you write down his name? - No, I his number.
    8 Did you understand him? - I only a few words.
    4 When did they send it? - They it last night.

    Exercise 16

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    • Doplňte správnou předložku.

    6 I got it Christmas a friend of mine.
    9 It looks you are having a great time.
    7 I'm tired listening to them. I'm leaving.
    4 It's very hot. The temperature is 30 degrees.
    1 Have you ever been the USA?
    3 I'm leaving Paris tomorrow.
    11 It's not for kids. You must be 18 years old to buy it.
    8 She used to work a teacher.
    12 We'are all very sorry her death.
    5 It's too hot inside. I'll wait the pub.
    2 We'll meet the airport.
    10 It was a secret meeting. They met closed doors.

    Spojení feel sorry for se užívá, když někoho litujete, be sorry for hlavně při omluvě za svůj čin ap., ale be sorry about se užije o situaci či něčem, co nastalo. Např.: I felt sorry for him. - Bylo mi ho líto., I'm sorry for disturbing you. - Promiňte, že vás ruším. ALE I'm sorry about that. - To mě mrzí. Sorry se může vázat i s infinitivem. Např.: We're sorry to inform you ... - S politováním vám oznamujeme...

    Exercise 17

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    • Napište věty, které uslyšíte. Neužívejte stažené tvary. (Pište celými slovy.)

    9
    8
    1
    4
    6
    3
    5
    7
    2
    10

    Exercise 18

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    • Spojte výroky, které mají opačný význam.

    • 1 He's jobless.
    • 2 He made her angry.
    • 3 He's in good health.
    • 4 I'm enjoying it.
    • 5 He died there.
    • 6 I don't care about her.
    • 7 I have two siblings.
    • 8 I'm really hungry.
    • a He's seriously ill.
    • g I'm crazy about her.
    • f He calmed her down.
    • e He's employed.
    • b I'm tired of it.
    • c I've eaten.
    • h He was born there.
    • d I'm an only child.

    Exercise 19

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    • Doplňte větu posunutou do minulého času s užitím časové souslednosti.

    10 I know what he's going to do. - I knew what he going to do.
    7 I believe he forgot about it. - I believed he it.
    4 I suppose you know that. - I supposed you that.
    9 I don't know who did it. - I didn't know who it.
    8 He says he was there. - He said he there.
    3 I'm sure they have it. - I was sure they it.
    2 I'm afraid they're lost. - I was afraid they lost.
    5 I hope you'll come. - I hoped you come.
    1 I think she is there. - I thought she there.
    6 She says she'll help us. - She said she help us.

    Exercise 20

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    • Přeložte. Použijte nápovědu.

    10 Zkus to ještě jednou.
    again; more
    5 Neviděl jsem ho už měsíce.
    for months
    4 Už odešli.
    already
    6 Ještě jsem to nečetl.
    yet
    3 Právě jsem to dodělal.
    just
    2 Už jsi to poslal?
    yet
    8 Co ještě bych měl udělat?
    else
    7 To bude ještě dražší.
    even
    1 Díváme se právě na film.
    just
    9 Dám si ještě jedno pivo.
    more

    Exercise 21

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    • Doplňte překlady pomocí frázových sloves.

    7 Mám pustit televizi? Shall I on the TV?
    2 Měl by nechat kouření. He should up smoking.
    12 Došel mi benzín. I've out of petrol.
    5 Musím se přihlásit v hotelu. I must in at the hotel.
    11 Můžeme to odložit? Can we it off?
    1 Už jsem zjistil, kolik to stojí. I've out how much it costs.
    3 Chtějí si užít (života). They want to it up.
    6 Ceny domů vzrostly o... House prices up by ...
    9 Vydržte chvilku. Hold a minute.
    10 Čti dál. on reading.
    4 Řekni mu, ať se uklidní. Tell him to down.
    8 Letadlo už odstartovalo. The plane has off.
    13 Vyrazíme brzy ráno. We'll out early.
    14 (Dávej) pozor! Watch !

    Frázové sloveso go for má několik významů. Jeden z nejběžnějších je vybrat si nebo rozhodnout se pro. Např.: I'd go for this one. - Já bych si vybral tento. Ve významu platit pro... se užívá go for stejně jako sloveso apply to əˈplaɪˌtuː. Např.: That goes for you too., That applies to you too. - To platí i pro tebe. ap.

    Jaywalking ˈdʒeɪˌwɔːkɪŋ je neukázněné přecházení silnice. Termín jaywalker ˈdʒeɪˌwɔːkə je neukázněný chodec (přecházející na červenou, mimo přechod ap.).

    Exercise 23

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    • Vyberte správné slovo podle výkladu.

    10 The part of a street used for walking is called the jaywalk/sidewalk/walker.
    5 To get a driving licence, you must first make/get/pass a driving test.
    1 When two people are not a couple any more, they break up/down/in.
    3 When a meeting is to take place later, it is put out/away/off.
    4 If you want to eat healthily, you should get/avoid/order junk food.
    9 An old person who doesn't work anymore is wrapped/retired/admitted.
    11 When you've done something many times and you have no problem doing it, you are used to/addicted to/interested in it.
    7 When someone takes your things away, you are broken/robbed/stolen.
    6 When you get well again after being ill, you have tired/recovered/fainted.
    8 When you give someone food, you say: Welcome/Cheers/Help yourself.
    2 When you get divorced/married/bored you become a husband and wife.

    Obrat to hail a taxi znamená zastavit si taxi (mávnutím). Podobně se užívá fráze wave down a taxi (wave weɪv - mávnout, zamávat).

    Exercise 24

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    • Doplňte překlady.

    12 Vyzvednu tě na letišti. I'll you up at the airport.
    5 Nechám to na vás. I'll it up to you.
    3 To zní zajímavě. That interesting.
    8 Odjíždím v pátek ráno. I'm leaving Friday morning.
    14 Ať neodchází! Don't him go!
    13 Jeďte po této cestě. Go this road.
    1 Zamilovala se do něho. She in love with him.
    6 Zvykl jsem si na to. I used to it.
    11 Mám raději čaj než kávu. I tea to coffee.
    9 Byla okradena dvěma muži. She by two men.
    7 Nejezdím po městě autem. I don't drive the city.
    10 Bude to stát spoustu peněz. It'll cost a of money.
    2 Doufejme, že to vyjde. Let's hope it'll off.
    4 Mám (moc) rád italské jídlo. I'm of Italian food.

    Ať v rozkazu lze také někdy přeložit pomocí obratu make sure (that) (ujisti se/zajisti, že...) Např.: Make sure you don't lose it. - Ať to neztratíš., Make sure he doesn't break it. - Ať to nerozbije. ap.

    Exercise 25

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    • Přeložte. Použijte nápovědu.

    4 To je ale překvapení!
    surprise
    11 Platím já! (pití ap.)
    buy
    3 Pokud vím, tak tady není.
    as far as
    10 Rádi bychom si objednali.
    order
    7 Nejsem z toho zrovna nadšený.
    crazy
    2 Dám vám vědět co nejdřív.
    as soon as
    8 To by bylo skvělé!
    great
    14 To rád slyším.
    glad
    1 Nevím, jak dlouho to potrvá.
    take
    5 Co takhle si dát pivo?
    pint
    12 Neslyším vás.
    can
    13 To nevadí.
    mind
    6 Nechce se mi tam jít.
    feel like
    9 Změnil jsem názor.
    mind

    Pozor na slovo frekventovaný při překladu do angličtiny! Ve významu častý je to frequent. Chcete-li ale říct, že je něco často navštěvované nebo je zde velký provoz, užije se frequented frɪˈkwεntɪd. Např.: frequented road - frekventovaná silnice.

    Exercise 26

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    • Přeložte.

    16 Bydlím tady už deset let.
    3 Dlouho vás nezdržím.
    13 Nechám to na vás.
    10 Nemusíte platit.
    9 Co ještě potřebujete?
    7 Nebudu moci přijít.
    11 Musel jsem tam jít.
    1 Máte pravdu.
    15 Nikdy jsem v Londýně nebyl.
    19 Všechno nejlepší k narozeninám!
    8 Nesmíš to nikomu říct.
    12 Ještě nepřišel.
    20 Hodně štěstí!
    6 Postarám se o to.
    4 Co se děje?
    2 Mám zpoždění.
    5 Nevěděl jsem o tom.
    18 Učím se anglicky už dva roky.
    14 Kdybych to měl, dal bych ti to.
    17 Jak dlouho už tady čekáte?

    Sidewalk je americký termín. V Británii pro chodník užívají pavement ˈpeɪvmənt! V americké angličtině je ale pavement zpevněná vozovka (asfaltovaný povrch ap.).

    Připoutat se (v autě ap.) se hlavně v americké angličtině hovorově řekne buckle up ˈbʌkəlˌʌp. Např.: Buckle up! - Připoutej(te) se!

    Pozor! Slovo police se v angličtině chová jako podstatné jméno v množném čísle, tedy: The police are ..., The police have ... ap.! Např. The police are after him. - Jde po něm policie., Police say that ... - Policie říká, že...