Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Přeložte.

    6 It made him angry.
    16 I'll do it asap.
    18 I've been taking driving lessons.
    10 Can you give me a lift?
    15 Have you done it yet?
    2 I don't get it.
    3 It's getting worse.
    9 What was I supposed to do?
    12 I'd love to, but I can't.
    11 I'll do my best.
    13 Have we met (before)?
    17 I'm looking forward to that.
    8 He's to come too.
    4 They differ in many ways.
    7 He's known her for years.
    1 How've you been?
    14 We had the house built.
    5 He has no sense of humour.
    19 I was fined for speeding.

    Speeding spiːdɪŋ je překročení povolené rychlosti (speed - rychlost). Speeding ticket je pokuta za rychlost. Např.: He got a speeding ticket. - Dostal pokutu za rychlost.

    Exercise 2

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    • Poslechněte si nahrávku a určete, zda je tvrzení pravdivé (true), nebo nepravdivé (false).

    5 New Yorkers are known to walk a lot around the city.
    2 John had an accident, but it wasn't his fault.
    6 Both the British and Americans like to use trains.
    8 The number of yellow cabs in New York is about 13.5 thousand.
    7 Some 5 million people travel on the tube every day in London.
    3 They usually don't leave a tip in British pubs.
    4 Americans mostly buy cars made in the US.
    1 Bob was fined 400 dollars for driving too fast.

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte odpovídající výroky.

    • 1 I'll keep it on.
    • 2 I won't keep you long.
    • 3 He broke up with her.
    • 4 I'll find out.
    • 5 He made it up.
    • 6 I'll catch up with you.
    • 7 He's missing her.
    • 8 He was fired.
    • f Vymyslel si to.
    • a Chybí mu.
    • d Rozešel se s ní.
    • c Dostal vyhazov.
    • g Nezdržím tě dlouho.
    • g Zjistím to.
    • e Nechám si to na sobě.
    • b Doženu vás.

    Exercise 4

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    8 They took in/off/out a loan to buy a car.
    5 Did you get my e-mail? - Yes, but I haven't red/read/readed it yet.
    1 Most from/of/in them didn't know.
    3 Jane and Bob prepared it himself/themselves/ourselves.
    10 I usually go in/in/by car, but we met in/at/on the bus.
    9 I'm sorry of/at/about that. I did it by/on/of mistake.
    4 He wasn't supposed to know. You couldn't/shouldn't/wouldn't have told him.
    7 Come out/on/at. Hurry up! We'll be late.
    6 Could you take/get/pick me up at the airport tomorrow?
    2 How long will it ask/take/keep to get there? - About an hour.

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte členy, some nebo any, kde třeba.

    14 I had busy day at work. I'm going to bed.
    9 Would you like more cake? - Yes. I haven't had yet.
    10 USA and Canada are almost same size.
    5 Have wine! - Thanks, I don't drink alcohol.
    6 Can you give me hand? - I don't have time for that.
    4 I bought new car. - What did you do with old one?
    2 Are there other ways? I can't think of .
    11 A boy from US met girl from Europe.
    1 Is there place where we could have dinner?
    3 Can you lend me money? - I don't have money.
    13 Take meat out of bag and put it in fridge.
    7 I had accident when driving to work this morning.
    12 He's American who makes lot of money.
    8 I saw it on TV yesterday when I was watching news.

    Exercise 6

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    • Doplňte překlady vět.

    9 Neměl bys mu o tom říkat. You tell him.
    13 Bude to hotovo do pátku. It'll be finished Friday.
    7 Kolikrát jsi to už viděl? How many have you seen it?
    4 Budete muset počkat. You'll wait.
    12 Počkám, až přijde. I'll wait him to come.
    14 Co tím myslíte? What do you by that?
    10 Lepší by bylo počkat. It better to wait.
    3 Je mi to jedno. I don't (about it).
    11 To jídlo se může zkazit. The food may bad.
    6 Kolik peněz tam je? How money is there?
    5 Doufám, že ne. I hope .
    2 Byli jsme okradeni. We were .
    8 Pokud vím... As as I know ...
    1 Chystám se k odchodu. I'm to leave.

    Exercise 7

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    • Spojte související výroky.

    • 1 He had a house built ...
    • 2 I'll tell her about it ...
    • 3 I've been learning English ...
    • 4 I tried to call him ...
    • 5 We had to wait ...
    • 6 I'm really sorry about ...
    • 7 I had a car accident ...
    • 8 He was fined 500 dollars ...
    • f which made him angry.
    • a for about two years now.
    • b what happened to her.
    • h although she shouldn't know.
    • c but he sold it soon after.
    • e but he isn't answering the phone.
    • g until they came back.
    • d but it wasn't my fault.

    Exercise 8

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    4 I'm trying! - I know but you must try stronger/harder/heavier!
    5 Are you hungry? - Not right/really/hardly. But I'm thirsty.
    9 There will be no meeting. It was called out/away/off.
    10 I sent it at/to/in his e-mail address at/on/by accident.
    3 He's a year younger, but he's a head longer/taller/higher than me.
    13 We didn't meet on/at/by chance. We agreed to meet/meeting/met.
    12 I met her in/on/at the bus although I usually go on/in/by car.
    8 I'm in a hurry. I must catch/reach/have the bus.
    6 I'm feeling unwell. I'll have to see/meet/reach a doctor.
    7 Don't give up. You must stay/keep/last trying.
    1 Are you looking forward to it? - Yes, I can't stay/afford/wait to see it.
    11 I came at/across/about an interesting article.
    2 What's up, man? Long time no sea/see/say. How've you been?

    Předložka by také znamená kolem, vedle (o pohybu). Např.: A police car went by. - Kolem projelo policejní auto. Stop by je hovorově stavit se (za někým).

    Exercise 9

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    • Doplňte druhou větu tak, aby měla opačný význam.

    15 He does hardly any work. - He works really .
    6 You can get there by car. - You have to there.
    4 I threw it away. - I it.
    5 You must take off your glasses. - You must put your glasses.
    2 He's found a job. - He was .
    12 She calmed him down. - She made him .
    10 I like both beer and wine. - I like beer wine.
    3 She needn't know about it. - She know about it.
    14 What time do you go to bed? - What time do you up?
    1 I have to work tomorrow. - I'm taking a day tomorrow.
    8 Don't bring him with you. - Feel to bring him with you.
    7 The computer is still on. - The computer is .
    13 They helped me do it. - I did it .
    11 It's getting better. - It's getting .
    9 It cost at least 300. - It cost at 300.

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte správné tvary slovesa v nápovědě.

    9 I give it to him and I think he keep it.
    2 I haven't see you for ages!
    5 The house was sell for 20.000.
    1 Where be you last night?
    6 She was hit by a car.
    4 He's speak to her.
    3 I've bring some wine.
    8 He have an accident and was take to hospital.
    10 He be here a moment ago and he leave a message for you.
    7 They meet years ago and become friends.

    Slovo left znamená též zbylý. Užívá se hlavně ve spojení be left - zbýt, zbývat. Např.: There's nothing left. - Nic nezbylo., I don't have much money left. - Už mi nezbývá moc peněz. ap.

    Exercise 11

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    • Doplňte správnou předložku.

    9 Look these two. Is there any difference them?
    3 I'm too tired. I can't go .
    11 Do you have it you? - No, I left it work.
    7 Who'll be looking the kids when she's gone?
    1 Only one 20 Americans don't have a car.
    2 I'll see you Monday 4 p.m.
    6 Don't worry that. I'll take care it.
    5 We'll meet Christmas Eve at 7 p.m. my place.
    8 They spend all their money food and clothes.
    4 He'll be back ten minutes. You can wait him.
    10 What disease did he die ? It's not known.
    12 Thank you so much. It's so nice you.

    Američané často jako výraz díků říkají: I appreciate it. - Vážím si toho., Oceňuji to. (appreciate əˈpriːʃɪˌeɪt - oceňovat, vážit si)

    Exercise 12

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    • Utvořte otázky. Ptejte se na zvýrazněná slova.

    5 We'll spend the weekend at the seaside.
    2 I've been waiting for an hour.
    4 I told Bob and Jane about it.
    6 I've known her for 2 years.
    10 I've been learning English for a year.
    8 I haven't sent it yet.
    3 Nobody else knows about it.
    9 He drank five beers.
    1 He left for work an hour ago.
    7 It cost me over 500 dollars.

    Exercise 13

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    • Doplňte překlady vět pomocí trpného rodu.

    7 Toto slovo se často neužívá. This word often.
    4 Srazilo je nákladní auto. They by a truck.
    5 Postavili 3 nové domy. Three new houses .
    12 Našli ji o týden později. She a week later.
    2 Bude povýšena. She'll .
    6 Tato auta se vyrábí v Japonsku. These cars in Japan.
    9 Vzali ho na vysokou. He to college.
    10 Ví se o něm, že je bohatý. He to be rich.
    1 Ukradli mu auto. His car .
    8 Článek napsala dívka. The article by a girl.
    3 Mohli by ho vyhodit z práce. He could .
    11 Viděli ji, jak odchází. She leaving.

    I'm flattered. ˈflætəd nebo též I feel flattered. je česky Jsem polichocen.

    Exercise 14

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu tvary slovesa do nebo make.

    10 Please your best. It's very important.
    11 He a lot of money last year.
    1 Have you your homework?
    6 We can't without their help.
    15 it sense to you?
    3 Stop fun of me!
    7 They a lot of damage when they broke in.
    14 He it to her angry.
    12 I only have 20 dollars. Will it ?
    2 I've a big mistake.
    9 These photos me want to go on holiday.
    5 I'm running late. I won't it in time.
    4 How did you at school? Were you a good student?
    8 I need to a phone call.
    13 This dress me look fat.

    Exercise 15

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    • Doplňte odpovědi pomocí slovesa z otázky.

    10 Did you write down his name? - No, I his number.
    1 Where did you go on holiday? - We to the seaside.
    5 How long did you spend there? - We a week there.
    2 When did he lose his job? - He his job last year.
    3 Did you get my message? - No, I no message.
    8 Did you understand him? - I only a few words.
    9 How did you feel when you found out? - I really bad.
    6 How many times did you try it? - I it at least five times.
    4 When did they send it? - They it last night.
    7 Did you buy any wine? - No, I only food.

    Exercise 16

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    • Doplňte správnou předložku.

    1 Have you ever been the USA?
    4 It's very hot. The temperature is 30 degrees.
    2 We'll meet the airport.
    8 She used to work a teacher.
    6 I got it Christmas a friend of mine.
    7 I'm tired listening to them. I'm leaving.
    5 It's too hot inside. I'll wait the pub.
    3 I'm leaving Paris tomorrow.
    12 We'are all very sorry her death.
    11 It's not for kids. You must be 18 years old to buy it.
    9 It looks you are having a great time.
    10 It was a secret meeting. They met closed doors.

    Spojení feel sorry for se užívá, když někoho litujete, be sorry for hlavně při omluvě za svůj čin ap., ale be sorry about se užije o situaci či něčem, co nastalo. Např.: I felt sorry for him. - Bylo mi ho líto., I'm sorry for disturbing you. - Promiňte, že vás ruším. ALE I'm sorry about that. - To mě mrzí. Sorry se může vázat i s infinitivem. Např.: We're sorry to inform you ... - S politováním vám oznamujeme...

    Exercise 17

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    • Napište věty, které uslyšíte. Neužívejte stažené tvary. (Pište celými slovy.)

    4
    3
    9
    5
    2
    7
    10
    1
    8
    6

    Exercise 18

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    • Spojte výroky, které mají opačný význam.

    • 1 He's jobless.
    • 2 He made her angry.
    • 3 He's in good health.
    • 4 I'm enjoying it.
    • 5 He died there.
    • 6 I don't care about her.
    • 7 I have two siblings.
    • 8 I'm really hungry.
    • f He calmed her down.
    • a He's seriously ill.
    • e He's employed.
    • h He was born there.
    • b I'm tired of it.
    • d I'm an only child.
    • g I'm crazy about her.
    • c I've eaten.

    Exercise 19

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    • Doplňte větu posunutou do minulého času s užitím časové souslednosti.

    6 She says she'll help us. - She said she help us.
    3 I'm sure they have it. - I was sure they it.
    4 I suppose you know that. - I supposed you that.
    9 I don't know who did it. - I didn't know who it.
    2 I'm afraid they're lost. - I was afraid they lost.
    7 I believe he forgot about it. - I believed he it.
    5 I hope you'll come. - I hoped you come.
    1 I think she is there. - I thought she there.
    10 I know what he's going to do. - I knew what he going to do.
    8 He says he was there. - He said he there.

    Exercise 20

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    • Přeložte. Použijte nápovědu.

    2 Už jsi to poslal?
    yet
    9 Dám si ještě jedno pivo.
    more
    8 Co ještě bych měl udělat?
    else
    7 To bude ještě dražší.
    even
    10 Zkus to ještě jednou.
    again; more
    6 Ještě jsem to nečetl.
    yet
    4 Už odešli.
    already
    3 Právě jsem to dodělal.
    just
    1 Díváme se právě na film.
    just
    5 Neviděl jsem ho už měsíce.
    for months

    Exercise 21

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    • Doplňte překlady pomocí frázových sloves.

    2 Měl by nechat kouření. He should up smoking.
    9 Vydržte chvilku. Hold a minute.
    5 Musím se přihlásit v hotelu. I must in at the hotel.
    4 Řekni mu, ať se uklidní. Tell him to down.
    7 Mám pustit televizi? Shall I on the TV?
    13 Vyrazíme brzy ráno. We'll out early.
    12 Došel mi benzín. I've out of petrol.
    1 Už jsem zjistil, kolik to stojí. I've out how much it costs.
    6 Ceny domů vzrostly o... House prices up by ...
    11 Můžeme to odložit? Can we it off?
    10 Čti dál. on reading.
    8 Letadlo už odstartovalo. The plane has off.
    3 Chtějí si užít (života). They want to it up.
    14 (Dávej) pozor! Watch !

    Frázové sloveso go for má několik významů. Jeden z nejběžnějších je vybrat si nebo rozhodnout se pro. Např.: I'd go for this one. - Já bych si vybral tento. Ve významu platit pro... se užívá go for stejně jako sloveso apply to əˈplaɪˌtuː. Např.: That goes for you too., That applies to you too. - To platí i pro tebe. ap.

    Jaywalking ˈdʒeɪˌwɔːkɪŋ je neukázněné přecházení silnice. Termín jaywalker ˈdʒeɪˌwɔːkə je neukázněný chodec (přecházející na červenou, mimo přechod ap.).

    Exercise 23

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    • Vyberte správné slovo podle výkladu.

    8 When you give someone food, you say: Welcome/Cheers/Help yourself.
    1 When two people are not a couple any more, they break up/down/in.
    7 When someone takes your things away, you are broken/robbed/stolen.
    9 An old person who doesn't work anymore is wrapped/retired/admitted.
    4 If you want to eat healthily, you should get/avoid/order junk food.
    10 The part of a street used for walking is called the jaywalk/sidewalk/walker.
    6 When you get well again after being ill, you have tired/recovered/fainted.
    2 When you get divorced/married/bored you become a husband and wife.
    3 When a meeting is to take place later, it is put out/away/off.
    5 To get a driving licence, you must first make/get/pass a driving test.
    11 When you've done something many times and you have no problem doing it, you are used to/addicted to/interested in it.

    Obrat to hail a taxi znamená zastavit si taxi (mávnutím). Podobně se užívá fráze wave down a taxi (wave weɪv - mávnout, zamávat).

    Exercise 24

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    • Doplňte překlady.

    6 Zvykl jsem si na to. I used to it.
    3 To zní zajímavě. That interesting.
    2 Doufejme, že to vyjde. Let's hope it'll off.
    14 Ať neodchází! Don't him go!
    11 Mám raději čaj než kávu. I tea to coffee.
    4 Mám (moc) rád italské jídlo. I'm of Italian food.
    1 Zamilovala se do něho. She in love with him.
    13 Jeďte po této cestě. Go this road.
    5 Nechám to na vás. I'll it up to you.
    7 Nejezdím po městě autem. I don't drive the city.
    10 Bude to stát spoustu peněz. It'll cost a of money.
    9 Byla okradena dvěma muži. She by two men.
    12 Vyzvednu tě na letišti. I'll you up at the airport.
    8 Odjíždím v pátek ráno. I'm leaving Friday morning.

    Ať v rozkazu lze také někdy přeložit pomocí obratu make sure (that) (ujisti se/zajisti, že...) Např.: Make sure you don't lose it. - Ať to neztratíš., Make sure he doesn't break it. - Ať to nerozbije. ap.

    Exercise 25

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    • Přeložte. Použijte nápovědu.

    12 Neslyším vás.
    can
    5 Co takhle si dát pivo?
    pint
    7 Nejsem z toho zrovna nadšený.
    crazy
    14 To rád slyším.
    glad
    4 To je ale překvapení!
    surprise
    10 Rádi bychom si objednali.
    order
    1 Nevím, jak dlouho to potrvá.
    take
    8 To by bylo skvělé!
    great
    13 To nevadí.
    mind
    11 Platím já! (pití ap.)
    buy
    6 Nechce se mi tam jít.
    feel like
    3 Pokud vím, tak tady není.
    as far as
    2 Dám vám vědět co nejdřív.
    as soon as
    9 Změnil jsem názor.
    mind

    Pozor na slovo frekventovaný při překladu do angličtiny! Ve významu častý je to frequent. Chcete-li ale říct, že je něco často navštěvované nebo je zde velký provoz, užije se frequented frɪˈkwεntɪd. Např.: frequented road - frekventovaná silnice.

    Exercise 26

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    • Přeložte.

    7 Nebudu moci přijít.
    5 Nevěděl jsem o tom.
    3 Dlouho vás nezdržím.
    8 Nesmíš to nikomu říct.
    4 Co se děje?
    10 Nemusíte platit.
    19 Všechno nejlepší k narozeninám!
    18 Učím se anglicky už dva roky.
    20 Hodně štěstí!
    16 Bydlím tady už deset let.
    14 Kdybych to měl, dal bych ti to.
    11 Musel jsem tam jít.
    17 Jak dlouho už tady čekáte?
    15 Nikdy jsem v Londýně nebyl.
    6 Postarám se o to.
    12 Ještě nepřišel.
    2 Mám zpoždění.
    1 Máte pravdu.
    13 Nechám to na vás.
    9 Co ještě potřebujete?

    Sidewalk je americký termín. V Británii pro chodník užívají pavement ˈpeɪvmənt! V americké angličtině je ale pavement zpevněná vozovka (asfaltovaný povrch ap.).

    Připoutat se (v autě ap.) se hlavně v americké angličtině hovorově řekne buckle up ˈbʌkəlˌʌp. Např.: Buckle up! - Připoutej(te) se!

    Pozor! Slovo police se v angličtině chová jako podstatné jméno v množném čísle, tedy: The police are ..., The police have ... ap.! Např. The police are after him. - Jde po něm policie., Police say that ... - Policie říká, že...