Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Přeložte.

    2 I don't get it.
    7 He's known her for years.
    16 I'll do it asap.
    13 Have we met (before)?
    4 They differ in many ways.
    9 What was I supposed to do?
    10 Can you give me a lift?
    18 I've been taking driving lessons.
    6 It made him angry.
    17 I'm looking forward to that.
    15 Have you done it yet?
    14 We had the house built.
    3 It's getting worse.
    12 I'd love to, but I can't.
    8 He's to come too.
    19 I was fined for speeding.
    11 I'll do my best.
    5 He has no sense of humour.
    1 How've you been?

    Speeding spiːdɪŋ je překročení povolené rychlosti (speed - rychlost). Speeding ticket je pokuta za rychlost. Např.: He got a speeding ticket. - Dostal pokutu za rychlost.

    Exercise 2

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    • Poslechněte si nahrávku a určete, zda je tvrzení pravdivé (true), nebo nepravdivé (false).

    8 The number of yellow cabs in New York is about 13.5 thousand.
    2 John had an accident, but it wasn't his fault.
    6 Both the British and Americans like to use trains.
    5 New Yorkers are known to walk a lot around the city.
    7 Some 5 million people travel on the tube every day in London.
    3 They usually don't leave a tip in British pubs.
    1 Bob was fined 400 dollars for driving too fast.
    4 Americans mostly buy cars made in the US.

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte odpovídající výroky.

    • 1 I'll keep it on.
    • 2 I won't keep you long.
    • 3 He broke up with her.
    • 4 I'll find out.
    • 5 He made it up.
    • 6 I'll catch up with you.
    • 7 He's missing her.
    • 8 He was fired.
    • c Dostal vyhazov.
    • a Chybí mu.
    • b Doženu vás.
    • e Nechám si to na sobě.
    • g Nezdržím tě dlouho.
    • d Rozešel se s ní.
    • f Vymyslel si to.
    • g Zjistím to.

    Exercise 4

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    3 Jane and Bob prepared it himself/themselves/ourselves.
    6 Could you take/get/pick me up at the airport tomorrow?
    8 They took in/off/out a loan to buy a car.
    7 Come out/on/at. Hurry up! We'll be late.
    1 Most from/of/in them didn't know.
    4 He wasn't supposed to know. You couldn't/shouldn't/wouldn't have told him.
    2 How long will it ask/take/keep to get there? - About an hour.
    10 I usually go in/in/by car, but we met in/at/on the bus.
    9 I'm sorry of/at/about that. I did it by/on/of mistake.
    5 Did you get my e-mail? - Yes, but I haven't red/read/readed it yet.

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte členy, some nebo any, kde třeba.

    7 I had accident when driving to work this morning.
    8 I saw it on TV yesterday when I was watching news.
    1 Is there place where we could have dinner?
    9 Would you like more cake? - Yes. I haven't had yet.
    13 Take meat out of bag and put it in fridge.
    2 Are there other ways? I can't think of .
    11 A boy from US met girl from Europe.
    10 USA and Canada are almost same size.
    6 Can you give me hand? - I don't have time for that.
    12 He's American who makes lot of money.
    14 I had busy day at work. I'm going to bed.
    3 Can you lend me money? - I don't have money.
    4 I bought new car. - What did you do with old one?
    5 Have wine! - Thanks, I don't drink alcohol.

    Exercise 6

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    • Doplňte překlady vět.

    4 Budete muset počkat. You'll wait.
    12 Počkám, až přijde. I'll wait him to come.
    8 Pokud vím... As as I know ...
    10 Lepší by bylo počkat. It better to wait.
    6 Kolik peněz tam je? How money is there?
    13 Bude to hotovo do pátku. It'll be finished Friday.
    3 Je mi to jedno. I don't (about it).
    14 Co tím myslíte? What do you by that?
    2 Byli jsme okradeni. We were .
    1 Chystám se k odchodu. I'm to leave.
    9 Neměl bys mu o tom říkat. You tell him.
    7 Kolikrát jsi to už viděl? How many have you seen it?
    5 Doufám, že ne. I hope .
    11 To jídlo se může zkazit. The food may bad.

    Exercise 7

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    • Spojte související výroky.

    • 1 He had a house built ...
    • 2 I'll tell her about it ...
    • 3 I've been learning English ...
    • 4 I tried to call him ...
    • 5 We had to wait ...
    • 6 I'm really sorry about ...
    • 7 I had a car accident ...
    • 8 He was fined 500 dollars ...
    • f which made him angry.
    • d but it wasn't my fault.
    • c but he sold it soon after.
    • b what happened to her.
    • e but he isn't answering the phone.
    • a for about two years now.
    • g until they came back.
    • h although she shouldn't know.

    Exercise 8

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    4 I'm trying! - I know but you must try stronger/harder/heavier!
    6 I'm feeling unwell. I'll have to see/meet/reach a doctor.
    7 Don't give up. You must stay/keep/last trying.
    10 I sent it at/to/in his e-mail address at/on/by accident.
    3 He's a year younger, but he's a head longer/taller/higher than me.
    1 Are you looking forward to it? - Yes, I can't stay/afford/wait to see it.
    13 We didn't meet on/at/by chance. We agreed to meet/meeting/met.
    9 There will be no meeting. It was called out/away/off.
    2 What's up, man? Long time no sea/see/say. How've you been?
    5 Are you hungry? - Not right/really/hardly. But I'm thirsty.
    8 I'm in a hurry. I must catch/reach/have the bus.
    12 I met her in/on/at the bus although I usually go on/in/by car.
    11 I came at/across/about an interesting article.

    Předložka by také znamená kolem, vedle (o pohybu). Např.: A police car went by. - Kolem projelo policejní auto. Stop by je hovorově stavit se (za někým).

    Exercise 9

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    • Doplňte druhou větu tak, aby měla opačný význam.

    2 He's found a job. - He was .
    9 It cost at least 300. - It cost at 300.
    4 I threw it away. - I it.
    13 They helped me do it. - I did it .
    3 She needn't know about it. - She know about it.
    15 He does hardly any work. - He works really .
    5 You must take off your glasses. - You must put your glasses.
    8 Don't bring him with you. - Feel to bring him with you.
    14 What time do you go to bed? - What time do you up?
    11 It's getting better. - It's getting .
    12 She calmed him down. - She made him .
    10 I like both beer and wine. - I like beer wine.
    7 The computer is still on. - The computer is .
    6 You can get there by car. - You have to there.
    1 I have to work tomorrow. - I'm taking a day tomorrow.

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte správné tvary slovesa v nápovědě.

    10 He be here a moment ago and he leave a message for you.
    5 The house was sell for 20.000.
    8 He have an accident and was take to hospital.
    2 I haven't see you for ages!
    3 I've bring some wine.
    7 They meet years ago and become friends.
    9 I give it to him and I think he keep it.
    4 He's speak to her.
    1 Where be you last night?
    6 She was hit by a car.

    Slovo left znamená též zbylý. Užívá se hlavně ve spojení be left - zbýt, zbývat. Např.: There's nothing left. - Nic nezbylo., I don't have much money left. - Už mi nezbývá moc peněz. ap.

    Exercise 11

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    • Doplňte správnou předložku.

    7 Who'll be looking the kids when she's gone?
    12 Thank you so much. It's so nice you.
    8 They spend all their money food and clothes.
    5 We'll meet Christmas Eve at 7 p.m. my place.
    2 I'll see you Monday 4 p.m.
    10 What disease did he die ? It's not known.
    9 Look these two. Is there any difference them?
    6 Don't worry that. I'll take care it.
    4 He'll be back ten minutes. You can wait him.
    1 Only one 20 Americans don't have a car.
    11 Do you have it you? - No, I left it work.
    3 I'm too tired. I can't go .

    Američané často jako výraz díků říkají: I appreciate it. - Vážím si toho., Oceňuji to. (appreciate əˈpriːʃɪˌeɪt - oceňovat, vážit si)

    Exercise 12

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    • Utvořte otázky. Ptejte se na zvýrazněná slova.

    4 I told Bob and Jane about it.
    3 Nobody else knows about it.
    7 It cost me over 500 dollars.
    5 We'll spend the weekend at the seaside.
    9 He drank five beers.
    1 He left for work an hour ago.
    10 I've been learning English for a year.
    8 I haven't sent it yet.
    6 I've known her for 2 years.
    2 I've been waiting for an hour.

    Exercise 13

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    • Doplňte překlady vět pomocí trpného rodu.

    10 Ví se o něm, že je bohatý. He to be rich.
    1 Ukradli mu auto. His car .
    11 Viděli ji, jak odchází. She leaving.
    6 Tato auta se vyrábí v Japonsku. These cars in Japan.
    12 Našli ji o týden později. She a week later.
    3 Mohli by ho vyhodit z práce. He could .
    8 Článek napsala dívka. The article by a girl.
    2 Bude povýšena. She'll .
    4 Srazilo je nákladní auto. They by a truck.
    9 Vzali ho na vysokou. He to college.
    5 Postavili 3 nové domy. Three new houses .
    7 Toto slovo se často neužívá. This word often.

    I'm flattered. ˈflætəd nebo též I feel flattered. je česky Jsem polichocen.

    Exercise 14

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu tvary slovesa do nebo make.

    14 He it to her angry.
    13 This dress me look fat.
    12 I only have 20 dollars. Will it ?
    3 Stop fun of me!
    11 He a lot of money last year.
    2 I've a big mistake.
    4 How did you at school? Were you a good student?
    1 Have you your homework?
    9 These photos me want to go on holiday.
    7 They a lot of damage when they broke in.
    8 I need to a phone call.
    6 We can't without their help.
    10 Please your best. It's very important.
    15 it sense to you?
    5 I'm running late. I won't it in time.

    Exercise 15

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    • Doplňte odpovědi pomocí slovesa z otázky.

    5 How long did you spend there? - We a week there.
    4 When did they send it? - They it last night.
    9 How did you feel when you found out? - I really bad.
    6 How many times did you try it? - I it at least five times.
    1 Where did you go on holiday? - We to the seaside.
    3 Did you get my message? - No, I no message.
    8 Did you understand him? - I only a few words.
    2 When did he lose his job? - He his job last year.
    7 Did you buy any wine? - No, I only food.
    10 Did you write down his name? - No, I his number.

    Exercise 16

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    • Doplňte správnou předložku.

    10 It was a secret meeting. They met closed doors.
    4 It's very hot. The temperature is 30 degrees.
    11 It's not for kids. You must be 18 years old to buy it.
    3 I'm leaving Paris tomorrow.
    5 It's too hot inside. I'll wait the pub.
    6 I got it Christmas a friend of mine.
    1 Have you ever been the USA?
    9 It looks you are having a great time.
    7 I'm tired listening to them. I'm leaving.
    8 She used to work a teacher.
    2 We'll meet the airport.
    12 We'are all very sorry her death.

    Spojení feel sorry for se užívá, když někoho litujete, be sorry for hlavně při omluvě za svůj čin ap., ale be sorry about se užije o situaci či něčem, co nastalo. Např.: I felt sorry for him. - Bylo mi ho líto., I'm sorry for disturbing you. - Promiňte, že vás ruším. ALE I'm sorry about that. - To mě mrzí. Sorry se může vázat i s infinitivem. Např.: We're sorry to inform you ... - S politováním vám oznamujeme...

    Exercise 17

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    • Napište věty, které uslyšíte. Neužívejte stažené tvary. (Pište celými slovy.)

    2
    6
    10
    5
    8
    1
    4
    9
    7
    3

    Exercise 18

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    • Spojte výroky, které mají opačný význam.

    • 1 He's jobless.
    • 2 He made her angry.
    • 3 He's in good health.
    • 4 I'm enjoying it.
    • 5 He died there.
    • 6 I don't care about her.
    • 7 I have two siblings.
    • 8 I'm really hungry.
    • f He calmed her down.
    • c I've eaten.
    • d I'm an only child.
    • e He's employed.
    • g I'm crazy about her.
    • b I'm tired of it.
    • h He was born there.
    • a He's seriously ill.

    Exercise 19

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    • Doplňte větu posunutou do minulého času s užitím časové souslednosti.

    10 I know what he's going to do. - I knew what he going to do.
    4 I suppose you know that. - I supposed you that.
    3 I'm sure they have it. - I was sure they it.
    2 I'm afraid they're lost. - I was afraid they lost.
    5 I hope you'll come. - I hoped you come.
    9 I don't know who did it. - I didn't know who it.
    8 He says he was there. - He said he there.
    7 I believe he forgot about it. - I believed he it.
    1 I think she is there. - I thought she there.
    6 She says she'll help us. - She said she help us.

    Exercise 20

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    • Přeložte. Použijte nápovědu.

    7 To bude ještě dražší.
    even
    3 Právě jsem to dodělal.
    just
    4 Už odešli.
    already
    2 Už jsi to poslal?
    yet
    6 Ještě jsem to nečetl.
    yet
    10 Zkus to ještě jednou.
    again; more
    8 Co ještě bych měl udělat?
    else
    9 Dám si ještě jedno pivo.
    more
    5 Neviděl jsem ho už měsíce.
    for months
    1 Díváme se právě na film.
    just

    Exercise 21

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    • Doplňte překlady pomocí frázových sloves.

    6 Ceny domů vzrostly o... House prices up by ...
    14 (Dávej) pozor! Watch !
    2 Měl by nechat kouření. He should up smoking.
    11 Můžeme to odložit? Can we it off?
    9 Vydržte chvilku. Hold a minute.
    3 Chtějí si užít (života). They want to it up.
    10 Čti dál. on reading.
    13 Vyrazíme brzy ráno. We'll out early.
    4 Řekni mu, ať se uklidní. Tell him to down.
    1 Už jsem zjistil, kolik to stojí. I've out how much it costs.
    8 Letadlo už odstartovalo. The plane has off.
    7 Mám pustit televizi? Shall I on the TV?
    5 Musím se přihlásit v hotelu. I must in at the hotel.
    12 Došel mi benzín. I've out of petrol.

    Frázové sloveso go for má několik významů. Jeden z nejběžnějších je vybrat si nebo rozhodnout se pro. Např.: I'd go for this one. - Já bych si vybral tento. Ve významu platit pro... se užívá go for stejně jako sloveso apply to əˈplaɪˌtuː. Např.: That goes for you too., That applies to you too. - To platí i pro tebe. ap.

    Jaywalking ˈdʒeɪˌwɔːkɪŋ je neukázněné přecházení silnice. Termín jaywalker ˈdʒeɪˌwɔːkə je neukázněný chodec (přecházející na červenou, mimo přechod ap.).

    Exercise 23

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    • Vyberte správné slovo podle výkladu.

    4 If you want to eat healthily, you should get/avoid/order junk food.
    11 When you've done something many times and you have no problem doing it, you are used to/addicted to/interested in it.
    10 The part of a street used for walking is called the jaywalk/sidewalk/walker.
    5 To get a driving licence, you must first make/get/pass a driving test.
    3 When a meeting is to take place later, it is put out/away/off.
    8 When you give someone food, you say: Welcome/Cheers/Help yourself.
    6 When you get well again after being ill, you have tired/recovered/fainted.
    7 When someone takes your things away, you are broken/robbed/stolen.
    1 When two people are not a couple any more, they break up/down/in.
    2 When you get divorced/married/bored you become a husband and wife.
    9 An old person who doesn't work anymore is wrapped/retired/admitted.

    Obrat to hail a taxi znamená zastavit si taxi (mávnutím). Podobně se užívá fráze wave down a taxi (wave weɪv - mávnout, zamávat).

    Exercise 24

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    • Doplňte překlady.

    14 Ať neodchází! Don't him go!
    12 Vyzvednu tě na letišti. I'll you up at the airport.
    3 To zní zajímavě. That interesting.
    1 Zamilovala se do něho. She in love with him.
    8 Odjíždím v pátek ráno. I'm leaving Friday morning.
    5 Nechám to na vás. I'll it up to you.
    7 Nejezdím po městě autem. I don't drive the city.
    4 Mám (moc) rád italské jídlo. I'm of Italian food.
    6 Zvykl jsem si na to. I used to it.
    9 Byla okradena dvěma muži. She by two men.
    2 Doufejme, že to vyjde. Let's hope it'll off.
    11 Mám raději čaj než kávu. I tea to coffee.
    13 Jeďte po této cestě. Go this road.
    10 Bude to stát spoustu peněz. It'll cost a of money.

    Ať v rozkazu lze také někdy přeložit pomocí obratu make sure (that) (ujisti se/zajisti, že...) Např.: Make sure you don't lose it. - Ať to neztratíš., Make sure he doesn't break it. - Ať to nerozbije. ap.

    Exercise 25

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    • Přeložte. Použijte nápovědu.

    4 To je ale překvapení!
    surprise
    7 Nejsem z toho zrovna nadšený.
    crazy
    11 Platím já! (pití ap.)
    buy
    12 Neslyším vás.
    can
    5 Co takhle si dát pivo?
    pint
    9 Změnil jsem názor.
    mind
    13 To nevadí.
    mind
    3 Pokud vím, tak tady není.
    as far as
    2 Dám vám vědět co nejdřív.
    as soon as
    14 To rád slyším.
    glad
    10 Rádi bychom si objednali.
    order
    6 Nechce se mi tam jít.
    feel like
    1 Nevím, jak dlouho to potrvá.
    take
    8 To by bylo skvělé!
    great

    Pozor na slovo frekventovaný při překladu do angličtiny! Ve významu častý je to frequent. Chcete-li ale říct, že je něco často navštěvované nebo je zde velký provoz, užije se frequented frɪˈkwεntɪd. Např.: frequented road - frekventovaná silnice.

    Exercise 26

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    • Přeložte.

    8 Nesmíš to nikomu říct.
    20 Hodně štěstí!
    9 Co ještě potřebujete?
    4 Co se děje?
    7 Nebudu moci přijít.
    11 Musel jsem tam jít.
    16 Bydlím tady už deset let.
    13 Nechám to na vás.
    12 Ještě nepřišel.
    15 Nikdy jsem v Londýně nebyl.
    6 Postarám se o to.
    17 Jak dlouho už tady čekáte?
    18 Učím se anglicky už dva roky.
    3 Dlouho vás nezdržím.
    10 Nemusíte platit.
    14 Kdybych to měl, dal bych ti to.
    5 Nevěděl jsem o tom.
    19 Všechno nejlepší k narozeninám!
    2 Mám zpoždění.
    1 Máte pravdu.

    Sidewalk je americký termín. V Británii pro chodník užívají pavement ˈpeɪvmənt! V americké angličtině je ale pavement zpevněná vozovka (asfaltovaný povrch ap.).

    Připoutat se (v autě ap.) se hlavně v americké angličtině hovorově řekne buckle up ˈbʌkəlˌʌp. Např.: Buckle up! - Připoutej(te) se!

    Pozor! Slovo police se v angličtině chová jako podstatné jméno v množném čísle, tedy: The police are ..., The police have ... ap.! Např. The police are after him. - Jde po něm policie., Police say that ... - Policie říká, že...