Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Přeložte.

    3 It's getting worse.
    9 What was I supposed to do?
    7 He's known her for years.
    19 I was fined for speeding.
    18 I've been taking driving lessons.
    12 I'd love to, but I can't.
    15 Have you done it yet?
    17 I'm looking forward to that.
    14 We had the house built.
    16 I'll do it asap.
    5 He has no sense of humour.
    10 Can you give me a lift?
    2 I don't get it.
    11 I'll do my best.
    13 Have we met (before)?
    1 How've you been?
    8 He's to come too.
    4 They differ in many ways.
    6 It made him angry.

    Speeding spiːdɪŋ je překročení povolené rychlosti (speed - rychlost). Speeding ticket je pokuta za rychlost. Např.: He got a speeding ticket. - Dostal pokutu za rychlost.

    Exercise 2

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    • Poslechněte si nahrávku a určete, zda je tvrzení pravdivé (true), nebo nepravdivé (false).

    3 They usually don't leave a tip in British pubs.
    2 John had an accident, but it wasn't his fault.
    7 Some 5 million people travel on the tube every day in London.
    6 Both the British and Americans like to use trains.
    8 The number of yellow cabs in New York is about 13.5 thousand.
    5 New Yorkers are known to walk a lot around the city.
    4 Americans mostly buy cars made in the US.
    1 Bob was fined 400 dollars for driving too fast.

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte odpovídající výroky.

    • 1 I'll keep it on.
    • 2 I won't keep you long.
    • 3 He broke up with her.
    • 4 I'll find out.
    • 5 He made it up.
    • 6 I'll catch up with you.
    • 7 He's missing her.
    • 8 He was fired.
    • g Zjistím to.
    • f Vymyslel si to.
    • b Doženu vás.
    • g Nezdržím tě dlouho.
    • e Nechám si to na sobě.
    • d Rozešel se s ní.
    • a Chybí mu.
    • c Dostal vyhazov.

    Exercise 4

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    2 How long will it ask/take/keep to get there? - About an hour.
    4 He wasn't supposed to know. You couldn't/shouldn't/wouldn't have told him.
    5 Did you get my e-mail? - Yes, but I haven't red/read/readed it yet.
    7 Come out/on/at. Hurry up! We'll be late.
    6 Could you take/get/pick me up at the airport tomorrow?
    9 I'm sorry of/at/about that. I did it by/on/of mistake.
    3 Jane and Bob prepared it himself/themselves/ourselves.
    10 I usually go in/in/by car, but we met in/at/on the bus.
    8 They took in/off/out a loan to buy a car.
    1 Most from/of/in them didn't know.

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte členy, some nebo any, kde třeba.

    1 Is there place where we could have dinner?
    4 I bought new car. - What did you do with old one?
    11 A boy from US met girl from Europe.
    7 I had accident when driving to work this morning.
    6 Can you give me hand? - I don't have time for that.
    3 Can you lend me money? - I don't have money.
    8 I saw it on TV yesterday when I was watching news.
    12 He's American who makes lot of money.
    2 Are there other ways? I can't think of .
    13 Take meat out of bag and put it in fridge.
    14 I had busy day at work. I'm going to bed.
    5 Have wine! - Thanks, I don't drink alcohol.
    10 USA and Canada are almost same size.
    9 Would you like more cake? - Yes. I haven't had yet.

    Exercise 6

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    • Doplňte překlady vět.

    12 Počkám, až přijde. I'll wait him to come.
    4 Budete muset počkat. You'll wait.
    11 To jídlo se může zkazit. The food may bad.
    8 Pokud vím... As as I know ...
    10 Lepší by bylo počkat. It better to wait.
    14 Co tím myslíte? What do you by that?
    3 Je mi to jedno. I don't (about it).
    6 Kolik peněz tam je? How money is there?
    7 Kolikrát jsi to už viděl? How many have you seen it?
    1 Chystám se k odchodu. I'm to leave.
    13 Bude to hotovo do pátku. It'll be finished Friday.
    5 Doufám, že ne. I hope .
    9 Neměl bys mu o tom říkat. You tell him.
    2 Byli jsme okradeni. We were .

    Exercise 7

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    • Spojte související výroky.

    • 1 He had a house built ...
    • 2 I'll tell her about it ...
    • 3 I've been learning English ...
    • 4 I tried to call him ...
    • 5 We had to wait ...
    • 6 I'm really sorry about ...
    • 7 I had a car accident ...
    • 8 He was fined 500 dollars ...
    • f which made him angry.
    • d but it wasn't my fault.
    • h although she shouldn't know.
    • b what happened to her.
    • a for about two years now.
    • c but he sold it soon after.
    • g until they came back.
    • e but he isn't answering the phone.

    Exercise 8

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    1 Are you looking forward to it? - Yes, I can't stay/afford/wait to see it.
    4 I'm trying! - I know but you must try stronger/harder/heavier!
    9 There will be no meeting. It was called out/away/off.
    10 I sent it at/to/in his e-mail address at/on/by accident.
    12 I met her in/on/at the bus although I usually go on/in/by car.
    8 I'm in a hurry. I must catch/reach/have the bus.
    11 I came at/across/about an interesting article.
    3 He's a year younger, but he's a head longer/taller/higher than me.
    5 Are you hungry? - Not right/really/hardly. But I'm thirsty.
    7 Don't give up. You must stay/keep/last trying.
    6 I'm feeling unwell. I'll have to see/meet/reach a doctor.
    13 We didn't meet on/at/by chance. We agreed to meet/meeting/met.
    2 What's up, man? Long time no sea/see/say. How've you been?

    Předložka by také znamená kolem, vedle (o pohybu). Např.: A police car went by. - Kolem projelo policejní auto. Stop by je hovorově stavit se (za někým).

    Exercise 9

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    • Doplňte druhou větu tak, aby měla opačný význam.

    11 It's getting better. - It's getting .
    12 She calmed him down. - She made him .
    15 He does hardly any work. - He works really .
    14 What time do you go to bed? - What time do you up?
    8 Don't bring him with you. - Feel to bring him with you.
    13 They helped me do it. - I did it .
    9 It cost at least 300. - It cost at 300.
    3 She needn't know about it. - She know about it.
    7 The computer is still on. - The computer is .
    2 He's found a job. - He was .
    10 I like both beer and wine. - I like beer wine.
    5 You must take off your glasses. - You must put your glasses.
    1 I have to work tomorrow. - I'm taking a day tomorrow.
    4 I threw it away. - I it.
    6 You can get there by car. - You have to there.

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte správné tvary slovesa v nápovědě.

    10 He be here a moment ago and he leave a message for you.
    7 They meet years ago and become friends.
    1 Where be you last night?
    4 He's speak to her.
    8 He have an accident and was take to hospital.
    9 I give it to him and I think he keep it.
    6 She was hit by a car.
    3 I've bring some wine.
    2 I haven't see you for ages!
    5 The house was sell for 20.000.

    Slovo left znamená též zbylý. Užívá se hlavně ve spojení be left - zbýt, zbývat. Např.: There's nothing left. - Nic nezbylo., I don't have much money left. - Už mi nezbývá moc peněz. ap.

    Exercise 11

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    • Doplňte správnou předložku.

    11 Do you have it you? - No, I left it work.
    12 Thank you so much. It's so nice you.
    7 Who'll be looking the kids when she's gone?
    4 He'll be back ten minutes. You can wait him.
    3 I'm too tired. I can't go .
    5 We'll meet Christmas Eve at 7 p.m. my place.
    2 I'll see you Monday 4 p.m.
    6 Don't worry that. I'll take care it.
    10 What disease did he die ? It's not known.
    1 Only one 20 Americans don't have a car.
    9 Look these two. Is there any difference them?
    8 They spend all their money food and clothes.

    Američané často jako výraz díků říkají: I appreciate it. - Vážím si toho., Oceňuji to. (appreciate əˈpriːʃɪˌeɪt - oceňovat, vážit si)

    Exercise 12

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    • Utvořte otázky. Ptejte se na zvýrazněná slova.

    7 It cost me over 500 dollars.
    9 He drank five beers.
    4 I told Bob and Jane about it.
    8 I haven't sent it yet.
    3 Nobody else knows about it.
    10 I've been learning English for a year.
    1 He left for work an hour ago.
    2 I've been waiting for an hour.
    6 I've known her for 2 years.
    5 We'll spend the weekend at the seaside.

    Exercise 13

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    • Doplňte překlady vět pomocí trpného rodu.

    5 Postavili 3 nové domy. Three new houses .
    12 Našli ji o týden později. She a week later.
    9 Vzali ho na vysokou. He to college.
    3 Mohli by ho vyhodit z práce. He could .
    10 Ví se o něm, že je bohatý. He to be rich.
    11 Viděli ji, jak odchází. She leaving.
    2 Bude povýšena. She'll .
    7 Toto slovo se často neužívá. This word often.
    4 Srazilo je nákladní auto. They by a truck.
    6 Tato auta se vyrábí v Japonsku. These cars in Japan.
    1 Ukradli mu auto. His car .
    8 Článek napsala dívka. The article by a girl.

    I'm flattered. ˈflætəd nebo též I feel flattered. je česky Jsem polichocen.

    Exercise 14

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu tvary slovesa do nebo make.

    10 Please your best. It's very important.
    7 They a lot of damage when they broke in.
    8 I need to a phone call.
    2 I've a big mistake.
    9 These photos me want to go on holiday.
    14 He it to her angry.
    3 Stop fun of me!
    12 I only have 20 dollars. Will it ?
    11 He a lot of money last year.
    5 I'm running late. I won't it in time.
    15 it sense to you?
    6 We can't without their help.
    4 How did you at school? Were you a good student?
    1 Have you your homework?
    13 This dress me look fat.

    Exercise 15

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    • Doplňte odpovědi pomocí slovesa z otázky.

    2 When did he lose his job? - He his job last year.
    6 How many times did you try it? - I it at least five times.
    8 Did you understand him? - I only a few words.
    9 How did you feel when you found out? - I really bad.
    5 How long did you spend there? - We a week there.
    3 Did you get my message? - No, I no message.
    7 Did you buy any wine? - No, I only food.
    4 When did they send it? - They it last night.
    1 Where did you go on holiday? - We to the seaside.
    10 Did you write down his name? - No, I his number.

    Exercise 16

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    • Doplňte správnou předložku.

    11 It's not for kids. You must be 18 years old to buy it.
    12 We'are all very sorry her death.
    1 Have you ever been the USA?
    5 It's too hot inside. I'll wait the pub.
    9 It looks you are having a great time.
    6 I got it Christmas a friend of mine.
    8 She used to work a teacher.
    10 It was a secret meeting. They met closed doors.
    2 We'll meet the airport.
    4 It's very hot. The temperature is 30 degrees.
    3 I'm leaving Paris tomorrow.
    7 I'm tired listening to them. I'm leaving.

    Spojení feel sorry for se užívá, když někoho litujete, be sorry for hlavně při omluvě za svůj čin ap., ale be sorry about se užije o situaci či něčem, co nastalo. Např.: I felt sorry for him. - Bylo mi ho líto., I'm sorry for disturbing you. - Promiňte, že vás ruším. ALE I'm sorry about that. - To mě mrzí. Sorry se může vázat i s infinitivem. Např.: We're sorry to inform you ... - S politováním vám oznamujeme...

    Exercise 17

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    • Napište věty, které uslyšíte. Neužívejte stažené tvary. (Pište celými slovy.)

    3
    2
    4
    1
    7
    8
    9
    5
    10
    6

    Exercise 18

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    • Spojte výroky, které mají opačný význam.

    • 1 He's jobless.
    • 2 He made her angry.
    • 3 He's in good health.
    • 4 I'm enjoying it.
    • 5 He died there.
    • 6 I don't care about her.
    • 7 I have two siblings.
    • 8 I'm really hungry.
    • d I'm an only child.
    • a He's seriously ill.
    • e He's employed.
    • g I'm crazy about her.
    • h He was born there.
    • f He calmed her down.
    • c I've eaten.
    • b I'm tired of it.

    Exercise 19

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    • Doplňte větu posunutou do minulého času s užitím časové souslednosti.

    8 He says he was there. - He said he there.
    10 I know what he's going to do. - I knew what he going to do.
    3 I'm sure they have it. - I was sure they it.
    2 I'm afraid they're lost. - I was afraid they lost.
    5 I hope you'll come. - I hoped you come.
    6 She says she'll help us. - She said she help us.
    4 I suppose you know that. - I supposed you that.
    1 I think she is there. - I thought she there.
    7 I believe he forgot about it. - I believed he it.
    9 I don't know who did it. - I didn't know who it.

    Exercise 20

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    • Přeložte. Použijte nápovědu.

    9 Dám si ještě jedno pivo.
    more
    4 Už odešli.
    already
    5 Neviděl jsem ho už měsíce.
    for months
    6 Ještě jsem to nečetl.
    yet
    3 Právě jsem to dodělal.
    just
    8 Co ještě bych měl udělat?
    else
    2 Už jsi to poslal?
    yet
    10 Zkus to ještě jednou.
    again; more
    1 Díváme se právě na film.
    just
    7 To bude ještě dražší.
    even

    Exercise 21

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    • Doplňte překlady pomocí frázových sloves.

    2 Měl by nechat kouření. He should up smoking.
    14 (Dávej) pozor! Watch !
    6 Ceny domů vzrostly o... House prices up by ...
    10 Čti dál. on reading.
    3 Chtějí si užít (života). They want to it up.
    9 Vydržte chvilku. Hold a minute.
    5 Musím se přihlásit v hotelu. I must in at the hotel.
    7 Mám pustit televizi? Shall I on the TV?
    12 Došel mi benzín. I've out of petrol.
    11 Můžeme to odložit? Can we it off?
    4 Řekni mu, ať se uklidní. Tell him to down.
    1 Už jsem zjistil, kolik to stojí. I've out how much it costs.
    13 Vyrazíme brzy ráno. We'll out early.
    8 Letadlo už odstartovalo. The plane has off.

    Frázové sloveso go for má několik významů. Jeden z nejběžnějších je vybrat si nebo rozhodnout se pro. Např.: I'd go for this one. - Já bych si vybral tento. Ve významu platit pro... se užívá go for stejně jako sloveso apply to əˈplaɪˌtuː. Např.: That goes for you too., That applies to you too. - To platí i pro tebe. ap.

    Jaywalking ˈdʒeɪˌwɔːkɪŋ je neukázněné přecházení silnice. Termín jaywalker ˈdʒeɪˌwɔːkə je neukázněný chodec (přecházející na červenou, mimo přechod ap.).

    Exercise 23

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    • Vyberte správné slovo podle výkladu.

    6 When you get well again after being ill, you have tired/recovered/fainted.
    9 An old person who doesn't work anymore is wrapped/retired/admitted.
    10 The part of a street used for walking is called the jaywalk/sidewalk/walker.
    1 When two people are not a couple any more, they break up/down/in.
    11 When you've done something many times and you have no problem doing it, you are used to/addicted to/interested in it.
    7 When someone takes your things away, you are broken/robbed/stolen.
    5 To get a driving licence, you must first make/get/pass a driving test.
    3 When a meeting is to take place later, it is put out/away/off.
    8 When you give someone food, you say: Welcome/Cheers/Help yourself.
    2 When you get divorced/married/bored you become a husband and wife.
    4 If you want to eat healthily, you should get/avoid/order junk food.

    Obrat to hail a taxi znamená zastavit si taxi (mávnutím). Podobně se užívá fráze wave down a taxi (wave weɪv - mávnout, zamávat).

    Exercise 24

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    • Doplňte překlady.

    13 Jeďte po této cestě. Go this road.
    6 Zvykl jsem si na to. I used to it.
    2 Doufejme, že to vyjde. Let's hope it'll off.
    10 Bude to stát spoustu peněz. It'll cost a of money.
    8 Odjíždím v pátek ráno. I'm leaving Friday morning.
    1 Zamilovala se do něho. She in love with him.
    12 Vyzvednu tě na letišti. I'll you up at the airport.
    11 Mám raději čaj než kávu. I tea to coffee.
    5 Nechám to na vás. I'll it up to you.
    7 Nejezdím po městě autem. I don't drive the city.
    14 Ať neodchází! Don't him go!
    4 Mám (moc) rád italské jídlo. I'm of Italian food.
    3 To zní zajímavě. That interesting.
    9 Byla okradena dvěma muži. She by two men.

    Ať v rozkazu lze také někdy přeložit pomocí obratu make sure (that) (ujisti se/zajisti, že...) Např.: Make sure you don't lose it. - Ať to neztratíš., Make sure he doesn't break it. - Ať to nerozbije. ap.

    Exercise 25

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    • Přeložte. Použijte nápovědu.

    14 To rád slyším.
    glad
    13 To nevadí.
    mind
    1 Nevím, jak dlouho to potrvá.
    take
    6 Nechce se mi tam jít.
    feel like
    7 Nejsem z toho zrovna nadšený.
    crazy
    5 Co takhle si dát pivo?
    pint
    4 To je ale překvapení!
    surprise
    2 Dám vám vědět co nejdřív.
    as soon as
    8 To by bylo skvělé!
    great
    10 Rádi bychom si objednali.
    order
    12 Neslyším vás.
    can
    9 Změnil jsem názor.
    mind
    3 Pokud vím, tak tady není.
    as far as
    11 Platím já! (pití ap.)
    buy

    Pozor na slovo frekventovaný při překladu do angličtiny! Ve významu častý je to frequent. Chcete-li ale říct, že je něco často navštěvované nebo je zde velký provoz, užije se frequented frɪˈkwεntɪd. Např.: frequented road - frekventovaná silnice.

    Exercise 26

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    • Přeložte.

    18 Učím se anglicky už dva roky.
    14 Kdybych to měl, dal bych ti to.
    1 Máte pravdu.
    9 Co ještě potřebujete?
    20 Hodně štěstí!
    16 Bydlím tady už deset let.
    7 Nebudu moci přijít.
    15 Nikdy jsem v Londýně nebyl.
    5 Nevěděl jsem o tom.
    6 Postarám se o to.
    19 Všechno nejlepší k narozeninám!
    13 Nechám to na vás.
    8 Nesmíš to nikomu říct.
    4 Co se děje?
    2 Mám zpoždění.
    3 Dlouho vás nezdržím.
    12 Ještě nepřišel.
    10 Nemusíte platit.
    11 Musel jsem tam jít.
    17 Jak dlouho už tady čekáte?

    Sidewalk je americký termín. V Británii pro chodník užívají pavement ˈpeɪvmənt! V americké angličtině je ale pavement zpevněná vozovka (asfaltovaný povrch ap.).

    Připoutat se (v autě ap.) se hlavně v americké angličtině hovorově řekne buckle up ˈbʌkəlˌʌp. Např.: Buckle up! - Připoutej(te) se!

    Pozor! Slovo police se v angličtině chová jako podstatné jméno v množném čísle, tedy: The police are ..., The police have ... ap.! Např. The police are after him. - Jde po něm policie., Police say that ... - Policie říká, že...