Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Přeložte.

    13 Have we met (before)?
    10 Can you give me a lift?
    15 Have you done it yet?
    12 I'd love to, but I can't.
    11 I'll do my best.
    19 I was fined for speeding.
    14 We had the house built.
    3 It's getting worse.
    9 What was I supposed to do?
    1 How've you been?
    7 He's known her for years.
    5 He has no sense of humour.
    18 I've been taking driving lessons.
    6 It made him angry.
    16 I'll do it asap.
    4 They differ in many ways.
    2 I don't get it.
    8 He's to come too.
    17 I'm looking forward to that.

    Speeding spiːdɪŋ je překročení povolené rychlosti (speed - rychlost). Speeding ticket je pokuta za rychlost. Např.: He got a speeding ticket. - Dostal pokutu za rychlost.

    Exercise 2

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    • Poslechněte si nahrávku a určete, zda je tvrzení pravdivé (true), nebo nepravdivé (false).

    6 Both the British and Americans like to use trains.
    1 Bob was fined 400 dollars for driving too fast.
    3 They usually don't leave a tip in British pubs.
    8 The number of yellow cabs in New York is about 13.5 thousand.
    7 Some 5 million people travel on the tube every day in London.
    5 New Yorkers are known to walk a lot around the city.
    2 John had an accident, but it wasn't his fault.
    4 Americans mostly buy cars made in the US.

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte odpovídající výroky.

    • 1 I'll keep it on.
    • 2 I won't keep you long.
    • 3 He broke up with her.
    • 4 I'll find out.
    • 5 He made it up.
    • 6 I'll catch up with you.
    • 7 He's missing her.
    • 8 He was fired.
    • f Vymyslel si to.
    • a Chybí mu.
    • e Nechám si to na sobě.
    • c Dostal vyhazov.
    • g Nezdržím tě dlouho.
    • d Rozešel se s ní.
    • g Zjistím to.
    • b Doženu vás.

    Exercise 4

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    4 He wasn't supposed to know. You couldn't/shouldn't/wouldn't have told him.
    10 I usually go in/in/by car, but we met in/at/on the bus.
    6 Could you take/get/pick me up at the airport tomorrow?
    3 Jane and Bob prepared it himself/themselves/ourselves.
    8 They took in/off/out a loan to buy a car.
    7 Come out/on/at. Hurry up! We'll be late.
    9 I'm sorry of/at/about that. I did it by/on/of mistake.
    1 Most from/of/in them didn't know.
    5 Did you get my e-mail? - Yes, but I haven't red/read/readed it yet.
    2 How long will it ask/take/keep to get there? - About an hour.

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte členy, some nebo any, kde třeba.

    4 I bought new car. - What did you do with old one?
    13 Take meat out of bag and put it in fridge.
    3 Can you lend me money? - I don't have money.
    9 Would you like more cake? - Yes. I haven't had yet.
    5 Have wine! - Thanks, I don't drink alcohol.
    1 Is there place where we could have dinner?
    8 I saw it on TV yesterday when I was watching news.
    12 He's American who makes lot of money.
    2 Are there other ways? I can't think of .
    14 I had busy day at work. I'm going to bed.
    6 Can you give me hand? - I don't have time for that.
    11 A boy from US met girl from Europe.
    10 USA and Canada are almost same size.
    7 I had accident when driving to work this morning.

    Exercise 6

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    • Doplňte překlady vět.

    8 Pokud vím... As as I know ...
    4 Budete muset počkat. You'll wait.
    7 Kolikrát jsi to už viděl? How many have you seen it?
    5 Doufám, že ne. I hope .
    10 Lepší by bylo počkat. It better to wait.
    11 To jídlo se může zkazit. The food may bad.
    2 Byli jsme okradeni. We were .
    3 Je mi to jedno. I don't (about it).
    13 Bude to hotovo do pátku. It'll be finished Friday.
    12 Počkám, až přijde. I'll wait him to come.
    6 Kolik peněz tam je? How money is there?
    14 Co tím myslíte? What do you by that?
    9 Neměl bys mu o tom říkat. You tell him.
    1 Chystám se k odchodu. I'm to leave.

    Exercise 7

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    • Spojte související výroky.

    • 1 He had a house built ...
    • 2 I'll tell her about it ...
    • 3 I've been learning English ...
    • 4 I tried to call him ...
    • 5 We had to wait ...
    • 6 I'm really sorry about ...
    • 7 I had a car accident ...
    • 8 He was fined 500 dollars ...
    • d but it wasn't my fault.
    • b what happened to her.
    • h although she shouldn't know.
    • a for about two years now.
    • c but he sold it soon after.
    • g until they came back.
    • e but he isn't answering the phone.
    • f which made him angry.

    Exercise 8

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    11 I came at/across/about an interesting article.
    4 I'm trying! - I know but you must try stronger/harder/heavier!
    1 Are you looking forward to it? - Yes, I can't stay/afford/wait to see it.
    6 I'm feeling unwell. I'll have to see/meet/reach a doctor.
    2 What's up, man? Long time no sea/see/say. How've you been?
    9 There will be no meeting. It was called out/away/off.
    12 I met her in/on/at the bus although I usually go on/in/by car.
    7 Don't give up. You must stay/keep/last trying.
    10 I sent it at/to/in his e-mail address at/on/by accident.
    13 We didn't meet on/at/by chance. We agreed to meet/meeting/met.
    3 He's a year younger, but he's a head longer/taller/higher than me.
    5 Are you hungry? - Not right/really/hardly. But I'm thirsty.
    8 I'm in a hurry. I must catch/reach/have the bus.

    Předložka by také znamená kolem, vedle (o pohybu). Např.: A police car went by. - Kolem projelo policejní auto. Stop by je hovorově stavit se (za někým).

    Exercise 9

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    • Doplňte druhou větu tak, aby měla opačný význam.

    10 I like both beer and wine. - I like beer wine.
    6 You can get there by car. - You have to there.
    5 You must take off your glasses. - You must put your glasses.
    11 It's getting better. - It's getting .
    2 He's found a job. - He was .
    8 Don't bring him with you. - Feel to bring him with you.
    9 It cost at least 300. - It cost at 300.
    12 She calmed him down. - She made him .
    1 I have to work tomorrow. - I'm taking a day tomorrow.
    3 She needn't know about it. - She know about it.
    13 They helped me do it. - I did it .
    7 The computer is still on. - The computer is .
    14 What time do you go to bed? - What time do you up?
    4 I threw it away. - I it.
    15 He does hardly any work. - He works really .

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte správné tvary slovesa v nápovědě.

    6 She was hit by a car.
    4 He's speak to her.
    5 The house was sell for 20.000.
    2 I haven't see you for ages!
    1 Where be you last night?
    7 They meet years ago and become friends.
    8 He have an accident and was take to hospital.
    9 I give it to him and I think he keep it.
    3 I've bring some wine.
    10 He be here a moment ago and he leave a message for you.

    Slovo left znamená též zbylý. Užívá se hlavně ve spojení be left - zbýt, zbývat. Např.: There's nothing left. - Nic nezbylo., I don't have much money left. - Už mi nezbývá moc peněz. ap.

    Exercise 11

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    • Doplňte správnou předložku.

    10 What disease did he die ? It's not known.
    1 Only one 20 Americans don't have a car.
    12 Thank you so much. It's so nice you.
    11 Do you have it you? - No, I left it work.
    5 We'll meet Christmas Eve at 7 p.m. my place.
    8 They spend all their money food and clothes.
    7 Who'll be looking the kids when she's gone?
    2 I'll see you Monday 4 p.m.
    6 Don't worry that. I'll take care it.
    4 He'll be back ten minutes. You can wait him.
    9 Look these two. Is there any difference them?
    3 I'm too tired. I can't go .

    Američané často jako výraz díků říkají: I appreciate it. - Vážím si toho., Oceňuji to. (appreciate əˈpriːʃɪˌeɪt - oceňovat, vážit si)

    Exercise 12

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    • Utvořte otázky. Ptejte se na zvýrazněná slova.

    8 I haven't sent it yet.
    4 I told Bob and Jane about it.
    9 He drank five beers.
    5 We'll spend the weekend at the seaside.
    3 Nobody else knows about it.
    7 It cost me over 500 dollars.
    6 I've known her for 2 years.
    1 He left for work an hour ago.
    10 I've been learning English for a year.
    2 I've been waiting for an hour.

    Exercise 13

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    • Doplňte překlady vět pomocí trpného rodu.

    10 Ví se o něm, že je bohatý. He to be rich.
    2 Bude povýšena. She'll .
    12 Našli ji o týden později. She a week later.
    6 Tato auta se vyrábí v Japonsku. These cars in Japan.
    4 Srazilo je nákladní auto. They by a truck.
    8 Článek napsala dívka. The article by a girl.
    5 Postavili 3 nové domy. Three new houses .
    9 Vzali ho na vysokou. He to college.
    3 Mohli by ho vyhodit z práce. He could .
    7 Toto slovo se často neužívá. This word often.
    11 Viděli ji, jak odchází. She leaving.
    1 Ukradli mu auto. His car .

    I'm flattered. ˈflætəd nebo též I feel flattered. je česky Jsem polichocen.

    Exercise 14

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu tvary slovesa do nebo make.

    15 it sense to you?
    14 He it to her angry.
    1 Have you your homework?
    7 They a lot of damage when they broke in.
    5 I'm running late. I won't it in time.
    13 This dress me look fat.
    8 I need to a phone call.
    9 These photos me want to go on holiday.
    3 Stop fun of me!
    11 He a lot of money last year.
    6 We can't without their help.
    12 I only have 20 dollars. Will it ?
    2 I've a big mistake.
    4 How did you at school? Were you a good student?
    10 Please your best. It's very important.

    Exercise 15

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    • Doplňte odpovědi pomocí slovesa z otázky.

    7 Did you buy any wine? - No, I only food.
    3 Did you get my message? - No, I no message.
    1 Where did you go on holiday? - We to the seaside.
    10 Did you write down his name? - No, I his number.
    8 Did you understand him? - I only a few words.
    6 How many times did you try it? - I it at least five times.
    2 When did he lose his job? - He his job last year.
    5 How long did you spend there? - We a week there.
    4 When did they send it? - They it last night.
    9 How did you feel when you found out? - I really bad.

    Exercise 16

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    • Doplňte správnou předložku.

    3 I'm leaving Paris tomorrow.
    10 It was a secret meeting. They met closed doors.
    8 She used to work a teacher.
    2 We'll meet the airport.
    5 It's too hot inside. I'll wait the pub.
    7 I'm tired listening to them. I'm leaving.
    4 It's very hot. The temperature is 30 degrees.
    12 We'are all very sorry her death.
    6 I got it Christmas a friend of mine.
    9 It looks you are having a great time.
    1 Have you ever been the USA?
    11 It's not for kids. You must be 18 years old to buy it.

    Spojení feel sorry for se užívá, když někoho litujete, be sorry for hlavně při omluvě za svůj čin ap., ale be sorry about se užije o situaci či něčem, co nastalo. Např.: I felt sorry for him. - Bylo mi ho líto., I'm sorry for disturbing you. - Promiňte, že vás ruším. ALE I'm sorry about that. - To mě mrzí. Sorry se může vázat i s infinitivem. Např.: We're sorry to inform you ... - S politováním vám oznamujeme...

    Exercise 17

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    • Napište věty, které uslyšíte. Neužívejte stažené tvary. (Pište celými slovy.)

    3
    9
    1
    2
    8
    6
    4
    5
    7
    10

    Exercise 18

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    • Spojte výroky, které mají opačný význam.

    • 1 He's jobless.
    • 2 He made her angry.
    • 3 He's in good health.
    • 4 I'm enjoying it.
    • 5 He died there.
    • 6 I don't care about her.
    • 7 I have two siblings.
    • 8 I'm really hungry.
    • a He's seriously ill.
    • f He calmed her down.
    • g I'm crazy about her.
    • d I'm an only child.
    • c I've eaten.
    • b I'm tired of it.
    • e He's employed.
    • h He was born there.

    Exercise 19

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    • Doplňte větu posunutou do minulého času s užitím časové souslednosti.

    9 I don't know who did it. - I didn't know who it.
    3 I'm sure they have it. - I was sure they it.
    4 I suppose you know that. - I supposed you that.
    10 I know what he's going to do. - I knew what he going to do.
    5 I hope you'll come. - I hoped you come.
    6 She says she'll help us. - She said she help us.
    1 I think she is there. - I thought she there.
    8 He says he was there. - He said he there.
    7 I believe he forgot about it. - I believed he it.
    2 I'm afraid they're lost. - I was afraid they lost.

    Exercise 20

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    • Přeložte. Použijte nápovědu.

    7 To bude ještě dražší.
    even
    10 Zkus to ještě jednou.
    again; more
    5 Neviděl jsem ho už měsíce.
    for months
    4 Už odešli.
    already
    9 Dám si ještě jedno pivo.
    more
    3 Právě jsem to dodělal.
    just
    6 Ještě jsem to nečetl.
    yet
    2 Už jsi to poslal?
    yet
    8 Co ještě bych měl udělat?
    else
    1 Díváme se právě na film.
    just

    Exercise 21

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    • Doplňte překlady pomocí frázových sloves.

    12 Došel mi benzín. I've out of petrol.
    13 Vyrazíme brzy ráno. We'll out early.
    1 Už jsem zjistil, kolik to stojí. I've out how much it costs.
    3 Chtějí si užít (života). They want to it up.
    7 Mám pustit televizi? Shall I on the TV?
    6 Ceny domů vzrostly o... House prices up by ...
    11 Můžeme to odložit? Can we it off?
    14 (Dávej) pozor! Watch !
    4 Řekni mu, ať se uklidní. Tell him to down.
    8 Letadlo už odstartovalo. The plane has off.
    10 Čti dál. on reading.
    5 Musím se přihlásit v hotelu. I must in at the hotel.
    9 Vydržte chvilku. Hold a minute.
    2 Měl by nechat kouření. He should up smoking.

    Frázové sloveso go for má několik významů. Jeden z nejběžnějších je vybrat si nebo rozhodnout se pro. Např.: I'd go for this one. - Já bych si vybral tento. Ve významu platit pro... se užívá go for stejně jako sloveso apply to əˈplaɪˌtuː. Např.: That goes for you too., That applies to you too. - To platí i pro tebe. ap.

    Jaywalking ˈdʒeɪˌwɔːkɪŋ je neukázněné přecházení silnice. Termín jaywalker ˈdʒeɪˌwɔːkə je neukázněný chodec (přecházející na červenou, mimo přechod ap.).

    Exercise 23

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    • Vyberte správné slovo podle výkladu.

    9 An old person who doesn't work anymore is wrapped/retired/admitted.
    7 When someone takes your things away, you are broken/robbed/stolen.
    11 When you've done something many times and you have no problem doing it, you are used to/addicted to/interested in it.
    1 When two people are not a couple any more, they break up/down/in.
    3 When a meeting is to take place later, it is put out/away/off.
    8 When you give someone food, you say: Welcome/Cheers/Help yourself.
    10 The part of a street used for walking is called the jaywalk/sidewalk/walker.
    2 When you get divorced/married/bored you become a husband and wife.
    6 When you get well again after being ill, you have tired/recovered/fainted.
    4 If you want to eat healthily, you should get/avoid/order junk food.
    5 To get a driving licence, you must first make/get/pass a driving test.

    Obrat to hail a taxi znamená zastavit si taxi (mávnutím). Podobně se užívá fráze wave down a taxi (wave weɪv - mávnout, zamávat).

    Exercise 24

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    • Doplňte překlady.

    4 Mám (moc) rád italské jídlo. I'm of Italian food.
    12 Vyzvednu tě na letišti. I'll you up at the airport.
    1 Zamilovala se do něho. She in love with him.
    3 To zní zajímavě. That interesting.
    7 Nejezdím po městě autem. I don't drive the city.
    13 Jeďte po této cestě. Go this road.
    2 Doufejme, že to vyjde. Let's hope it'll off.
    5 Nechám to na vás. I'll it up to you.
    14 Ať neodchází! Don't him go!
    8 Odjíždím v pátek ráno. I'm leaving Friday morning.
    6 Zvykl jsem si na to. I used to it.
    9 Byla okradena dvěma muži. She by two men.
    10 Bude to stát spoustu peněz. It'll cost a of money.
    11 Mám raději čaj než kávu. I tea to coffee.

    Ať v rozkazu lze také někdy přeložit pomocí obratu make sure (that) (ujisti se/zajisti, že...) Např.: Make sure you don't lose it. - Ať to neztratíš., Make sure he doesn't break it. - Ať to nerozbije. ap.

    Exercise 25

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    • Přeložte. Použijte nápovědu.

    12 Neslyším vás.
    can
    11 Platím já! (pití ap.)
    buy
    7 Nejsem z toho zrovna nadšený.
    crazy
    8 To by bylo skvělé!
    great
    3 Pokud vím, tak tady není.
    as far as
    2 Dám vám vědět co nejdřív.
    as soon as
    14 To rád slyším.
    glad
    6 Nechce se mi tam jít.
    feel like
    5 Co takhle si dát pivo?
    pint
    13 To nevadí.
    mind
    9 Změnil jsem názor.
    mind
    1 Nevím, jak dlouho to potrvá.
    take
    10 Rádi bychom si objednali.
    order
    4 To je ale překvapení!
    surprise

    Pozor na slovo frekventovaný při překladu do angličtiny! Ve významu častý je to frequent. Chcete-li ale říct, že je něco často navštěvované nebo je zde velký provoz, užije se frequented frɪˈkwεntɪd. Např.: frequented road - frekventovaná silnice.

    Exercise 26

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    • Přeložte.

    8 Nesmíš to nikomu říct.
    4 Co se děje?
    3 Dlouho vás nezdržím.
    16 Bydlím tady už deset let.
    5 Nevěděl jsem o tom.
    11 Musel jsem tam jít.
    10 Nemusíte platit.
    1 Máte pravdu.
    15 Nikdy jsem v Londýně nebyl.
    13 Nechám to na vás.
    6 Postarám se o to.
    9 Co ještě potřebujete?
    18 Učím se anglicky už dva roky.
    17 Jak dlouho už tady čekáte?
    20 Hodně štěstí!
    2 Mám zpoždění.
    19 Všechno nejlepší k narozeninám!
    7 Nebudu moci přijít.
    14 Kdybych to měl, dal bych ti to.
    12 Ještě nepřišel.

    Sidewalk je americký termín. V Británii pro chodník užívají pavement ˈpeɪvmənt! V americké angličtině je ale pavement zpevněná vozovka (asfaltovaný povrch ap.).

    Připoutat se (v autě ap.) se hlavně v americké angličtině hovorově řekne buckle up ˈbʌkəlˌʌp. Např.: Buckle up! - Připoutej(te) se!

    Pozor! Slovo police se v angličtině chová jako podstatné jméno v množném čísle, tedy: The police are ..., The police have ... ap.! Např. The police are after him. - Jde po něm policie., Police say that ... - Policie říká, že...