Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Přeložte.

    10 Can you give me a lift?
    8 He's to come too.
    16 I'll do it asap.
    15 Have you done it yet?
    12 I'd love to, but I can't.
    2 I don't get it.
    11 I'll do my best.
    14 We had the house built.
    9 What was I supposed to do?
    6 It made him angry.
    18 I've been taking driving lessons.
    17 I'm looking forward to that.
    13 Have we met (before)?
    1 How've you been?
    19 I was fined for speeding.
    3 It's getting worse.
    4 They differ in many ways.
    7 He's known her for years.
    5 He has no sense of humour.

    Speeding spiːdɪŋ je překročení povolené rychlosti (speed - rychlost). Speeding ticket je pokuta za rychlost. Např.: He got a speeding ticket. - Dostal pokutu za rychlost.

    Exercise 2

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    • Poslechněte si nahrávku a určete, zda je tvrzení pravdivé (true), nebo nepravdivé (false).

    8 The number of yellow cabs in New York is about 13.5 thousand.
    2 John had an accident, but it wasn't his fault.
    7 Some 5 million people travel on the tube every day in London.
    6 Both the British and Americans like to use trains.
    3 They usually don't leave a tip in British pubs.
    5 New Yorkers are known to walk a lot around the city.
    4 Americans mostly buy cars made in the US.
    1 Bob was fined 400 dollars for driving too fast.

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte odpovídající výroky.

    • 1 I'll keep it on.
    • 2 I won't keep you long.
    • 3 He broke up with her.
    • 4 I'll find out.
    • 5 He made it up.
    • 6 I'll catch up with you.
    • 7 He's missing her.
    • 8 He was fired.
    • g Nezdržím tě dlouho.
    • a Chybí mu.
    • f Vymyslel si to.
    • d Rozešel se s ní.
    • e Nechám si to na sobě.
    • g Zjistím to.
    • c Dostal vyhazov.
    • b Doženu vás.

    Exercise 4

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    1 Most from/of/in them didn't know.
    6 Could you take/get/pick me up at the airport tomorrow?
    4 He wasn't supposed to know. You couldn't/shouldn't/wouldn't have told him.
    8 They took in/off/out a loan to buy a car.
    2 How long will it ask/take/keep to get there? - About an hour.
    9 I'm sorry of/at/about that. I did it by/on/of mistake.
    7 Come out/on/at. Hurry up! We'll be late.
    10 I usually go in/in/by car, but we met in/at/on the bus.
    3 Jane and Bob prepared it himself/themselves/ourselves.
    5 Did you get my e-mail? - Yes, but I haven't red/read/readed it yet.

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte členy, some nebo any, kde třeba.

    6 Can you give me hand? - I don't have time for that.
    4 I bought new car. - What did you do with old one?
    8 I saw it on TV yesterday when I was watching news.
    7 I had accident when driving to work this morning.
    13 Take meat out of bag and put it in fridge.
    10 USA and Canada are almost same size.
    9 Would you like more cake? - Yes. I haven't had yet.
    3 Can you lend me money? - I don't have money.
    2 Are there other ways? I can't think of .
    5 Have wine! - Thanks, I don't drink alcohol.
    1 Is there place where we could have dinner?
    11 A boy from US met girl from Europe.
    14 I had busy day at work. I'm going to bed.
    12 He's American who makes lot of money.

    Exercise 6

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    • Doplňte překlady vět.

    13 Bude to hotovo do pátku. It'll be finished Friday.
    12 Počkám, až přijde. I'll wait him to come.
    8 Pokud vím... As as I know ...
    14 Co tím myslíte? What do you by that?
    4 Budete muset počkat. You'll wait.
    3 Je mi to jedno. I don't (about it).
    5 Doufám, že ne. I hope .
    7 Kolikrát jsi to už viděl? How many have you seen it?
    10 Lepší by bylo počkat. It better to wait.
    6 Kolik peněz tam je? How money is there?
    2 Byli jsme okradeni. We were .
    1 Chystám se k odchodu. I'm to leave.
    11 To jídlo se může zkazit. The food may bad.
    9 Neměl bys mu o tom říkat. You tell him.

    Exercise 7

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    • Spojte související výroky.

    • 1 He had a house built ...
    • 2 I'll tell her about it ...
    • 3 I've been learning English ...
    • 4 I tried to call him ...
    • 5 We had to wait ...
    • 6 I'm really sorry about ...
    • 7 I had a car accident ...
    • 8 He was fined 500 dollars ...
    • c but he sold it soon after.
    • d but it wasn't my fault.
    • f which made him angry.
    • a for about two years now.
    • g until they came back.
    • b what happened to her.
    • h although she shouldn't know.
    • e but he isn't answering the phone.

    Exercise 8

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    1 Are you looking forward to it? - Yes, I can't stay/afford/wait to see it.
    6 I'm feeling unwell. I'll have to see/meet/reach a doctor.
    5 Are you hungry? - Not right/really/hardly. But I'm thirsty.
    8 I'm in a hurry. I must catch/reach/have the bus.
    2 What's up, man? Long time no sea/see/say. How've you been?
    12 I met her in/on/at the bus although I usually go on/in/by car.
    9 There will be no meeting. It was called out/away/off.
    10 I sent it at/to/in his e-mail address at/on/by accident.
    11 I came at/across/about an interesting article.
    4 I'm trying! - I know but you must try stronger/harder/heavier!
    7 Don't give up. You must stay/keep/last trying.
    3 He's a year younger, but he's a head longer/taller/higher than me.
    13 We didn't meet on/at/by chance. We agreed to meet/meeting/met.

    Předložka by také znamená kolem, vedle (o pohybu). Např.: A police car went by. - Kolem projelo policejní auto. Stop by je hovorově stavit se (za někým).

    Exercise 9

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    • Doplňte druhou větu tak, aby měla opačný význam.

    6 You can get there by car. - You have to there.
    2 He's found a job. - He was .
    5 You must take off your glasses. - You must put your glasses.
    11 It's getting better. - It's getting .
    9 It cost at least 300. - It cost at 300.
    8 Don't bring him with you. - Feel to bring him with you.
    4 I threw it away. - I it.
    15 He does hardly any work. - He works really .
    1 I have to work tomorrow. - I'm taking a day tomorrow.
    10 I like both beer and wine. - I like beer wine.
    14 What time do you go to bed? - What time do you up?
    13 They helped me do it. - I did it .
    7 The computer is still on. - The computer is .
    3 She needn't know about it. - She know about it.
    12 She calmed him down. - She made him .

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte správné tvary slovesa v nápovědě.

    10 He be here a moment ago and he leave a message for you.
    9 I give it to him and I think he keep it.
    6 She was hit by a car.
    8 He have an accident and was take to hospital.
    3 I've bring some wine.
    1 Where be you last night?
    2 I haven't see you for ages!
    7 They meet years ago and become friends.
    5 The house was sell for 20.000.
    4 He's speak to her.

    Slovo left znamená též zbylý. Užívá se hlavně ve spojení be left - zbýt, zbývat. Např.: There's nothing left. - Nic nezbylo., I don't have much money left. - Už mi nezbývá moc peněz. ap.

    Exercise 11

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    • Doplňte správnou předložku.

    10 What disease did he die ? It's not known.
    4 He'll be back ten minutes. You can wait him.
    7 Who'll be looking the kids when she's gone?
    1 Only one 20 Americans don't have a car.
    8 They spend all their money food and clothes.
    2 I'll see you Monday 4 p.m.
    12 Thank you so much. It's so nice you.
    3 I'm too tired. I can't go .
    11 Do you have it you? - No, I left it work.
    6 Don't worry that. I'll take care it.
    5 We'll meet Christmas Eve at 7 p.m. my place.
    9 Look these two. Is there any difference them?

    Američané často jako výraz díků říkají: I appreciate it. - Vážím si toho., Oceňuji to. (appreciate əˈpriːʃɪˌeɪt - oceňovat, vážit si)

    Exercise 12

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    • Utvořte otázky. Ptejte se na zvýrazněná slova.

    4 I told Bob and Jane about it.
    3 Nobody else knows about it.
    9 He drank five beers.
    6 I've known her for 2 years.
    10 I've been learning English for a year.
    8 I haven't sent it yet.
    2 I've been waiting for an hour.
    7 It cost me over 500 dollars.
    5 We'll spend the weekend at the seaside.
    1 He left for work an hour ago.

    Exercise 13

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    • Doplňte překlady vět pomocí trpného rodu.

    7 Toto slovo se často neužívá. This word often.
    8 Článek napsala dívka. The article by a girl.
    10 Ví se o něm, že je bohatý. He to be rich.
    4 Srazilo je nákladní auto. They by a truck.
    9 Vzali ho na vysokou. He to college.
    11 Viděli ji, jak odchází. She leaving.
    2 Bude povýšena. She'll .
    5 Postavili 3 nové domy. Three new houses .
    3 Mohli by ho vyhodit z práce. He could .
    12 Našli ji o týden později. She a week later.
    6 Tato auta se vyrábí v Japonsku. These cars in Japan.
    1 Ukradli mu auto. His car .

    I'm flattered. ˈflætəd nebo též I feel flattered. je česky Jsem polichocen.

    Exercise 14

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu tvary slovesa do nebo make.

    4 How did you at school? Were you a good student?
    3 Stop fun of me!
    10 Please your best. It's very important.
    15 it sense to you?
    14 He it to her angry.
    5 I'm running late. I won't it in time.
    7 They a lot of damage when they broke in.
    9 These photos me want to go on holiday.
    6 We can't without their help.
    13 This dress me look fat.
    8 I need to a phone call.
    1 Have you your homework?
    12 I only have 20 dollars. Will it ?
    2 I've a big mistake.
    11 He a lot of money last year.

    Exercise 15

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    • Doplňte odpovědi pomocí slovesa z otázky.

    5 How long did you spend there? - We a week there.
    6 How many times did you try it? - I it at least five times.
    3 Did you get my message? - No, I no message.
    7 Did you buy any wine? - No, I only food.
    10 Did you write down his name? - No, I his number.
    1 Where did you go on holiday? - We to the seaside.
    8 Did you understand him? - I only a few words.
    9 How did you feel when you found out? - I really bad.
    4 When did they send it? - They it last night.
    2 When did he lose his job? - He his job last year.

    Exercise 16

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    • Doplňte správnou předložku.

    1 Have you ever been the USA?
    10 It was a secret meeting. They met closed doors.
    12 We'are all very sorry her death.
    8 She used to work a teacher.
    3 I'm leaving Paris tomorrow.
    4 It's very hot. The temperature is 30 degrees.
    6 I got it Christmas a friend of mine.
    7 I'm tired listening to them. I'm leaving.
    2 We'll meet the airport.
    9 It looks you are having a great time.
    11 It's not for kids. You must be 18 years old to buy it.
    5 It's too hot inside. I'll wait the pub.

    Spojení feel sorry for se užívá, když někoho litujete, be sorry for hlavně při omluvě za svůj čin ap., ale be sorry about se užije o situaci či něčem, co nastalo. Např.: I felt sorry for him. - Bylo mi ho líto., I'm sorry for disturbing you. - Promiňte, že vás ruším. ALE I'm sorry about that. - To mě mrzí. Sorry se může vázat i s infinitivem. Např.: We're sorry to inform you ... - S politováním vám oznamujeme...

    Exercise 17

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    • Napište věty, které uslyšíte. Neužívejte stažené tvary. (Pište celými slovy.)

    6
    8
    4
    3
    7
    5
    2
    10
    9
    1

    Exercise 18

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    • Spojte výroky, které mají opačný význam.

    • 1 He's jobless.
    • 2 He made her angry.
    • 3 He's in good health.
    • 4 I'm enjoying it.
    • 5 He died there.
    • 6 I don't care about her.
    • 7 I have two siblings.
    • 8 I'm really hungry.
    • c I've eaten.
    • f He calmed her down.
    • g I'm crazy about her.
    • a He's seriously ill.
    • d I'm an only child.
    • b I'm tired of it.
    • e He's employed.
    • h He was born there.

    Exercise 19

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    • Doplňte větu posunutou do minulého času s užitím časové souslednosti.

    10 I know what he's going to do. - I knew what he going to do.
    5 I hope you'll come. - I hoped you come.
    9 I don't know who did it. - I didn't know who it.
    8 He says he was there. - He said he there.
    7 I believe he forgot about it. - I believed he it.
    6 She says she'll help us. - She said she help us.
    2 I'm afraid they're lost. - I was afraid they lost.
    3 I'm sure they have it. - I was sure they it.
    4 I suppose you know that. - I supposed you that.
    1 I think she is there. - I thought she there.

    Exercise 20

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    • Přeložte. Použijte nápovědu.

    7 To bude ještě dražší.
    even
    5 Neviděl jsem ho už měsíce.
    for months
    9 Dám si ještě jedno pivo.
    more
    3 Právě jsem to dodělal.
    just
    2 Už jsi to poslal?
    yet
    8 Co ještě bych měl udělat?
    else
    4 Už odešli.
    already
    1 Díváme se právě na film.
    just
    6 Ještě jsem to nečetl.
    yet
    10 Zkus to ještě jednou.
    again; more

    Exercise 21

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    • Doplňte překlady pomocí frázových sloves.

    11 Můžeme to odložit? Can we it off?
    10 Čti dál. on reading.
    9 Vydržte chvilku. Hold a minute.
    12 Došel mi benzín. I've out of petrol.
    8 Letadlo už odstartovalo. The plane has off.
    3 Chtějí si užít (života). They want to it up.
    7 Mám pustit televizi? Shall I on the TV?
    13 Vyrazíme brzy ráno. We'll out early.
    2 Měl by nechat kouření. He should up smoking.
    5 Musím se přihlásit v hotelu. I must in at the hotel.
    1 Už jsem zjistil, kolik to stojí. I've out how much it costs.
    6 Ceny domů vzrostly o... House prices up by ...
    4 Řekni mu, ať se uklidní. Tell him to down.
    14 (Dávej) pozor! Watch !

    Frázové sloveso go for má několik významů. Jeden z nejběžnějších je vybrat si nebo rozhodnout se pro. Např.: I'd go for this one. - Já bych si vybral tento. Ve významu platit pro... se užívá go for stejně jako sloveso apply to əˈplaɪˌtuː. Např.: That goes for you too., That applies to you too. - To platí i pro tebe. ap.

    Jaywalking ˈdʒeɪˌwɔːkɪŋ je neukázněné přecházení silnice. Termín jaywalker ˈdʒeɪˌwɔːkə je neukázněný chodec (přecházející na červenou, mimo přechod ap.).

    Exercise 23

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    • Vyberte správné slovo podle výkladu.

    6 When you get well again after being ill, you have tired/recovered/fainted.
    9 An old person who doesn't work anymore is wrapped/retired/admitted.
    7 When someone takes your things away, you are broken/robbed/stolen.
    4 If you want to eat healthily, you should get/avoid/order junk food.
    1 When two people are not a couple any more, they break up/down/in.
    3 When a meeting is to take place later, it is put out/away/off.
    11 When you've done something many times and you have no problem doing it, you are used to/addicted to/interested in it.
    5 To get a driving licence, you must first make/get/pass a driving test.
    8 When you give someone food, you say: Welcome/Cheers/Help yourself.
    10 The part of a street used for walking is called the jaywalk/sidewalk/walker.
    2 When you get divorced/married/bored you become a husband and wife.

    Obrat to hail a taxi znamená zastavit si taxi (mávnutím). Podobně se užívá fráze wave down a taxi (wave weɪv - mávnout, zamávat).

    Exercise 24

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    • Doplňte překlady.

    7 Nejezdím po městě autem. I don't drive the city.
    6 Zvykl jsem si na to. I used to it.
    3 To zní zajímavě. That interesting.
    13 Jeďte po této cestě. Go this road.
    4 Mám (moc) rád italské jídlo. I'm of Italian food.
    9 Byla okradena dvěma muži. She by two men.
    2 Doufejme, že to vyjde. Let's hope it'll off.
    10 Bude to stát spoustu peněz. It'll cost a of money.
    5 Nechám to na vás. I'll it up to you.
    1 Zamilovala se do něho. She in love with him.
    8 Odjíždím v pátek ráno. I'm leaving Friday morning.
    11 Mám raději čaj než kávu. I tea to coffee.
    14 Ať neodchází! Don't him go!
    12 Vyzvednu tě na letišti. I'll you up at the airport.

    Ať v rozkazu lze také někdy přeložit pomocí obratu make sure (that) (ujisti se/zajisti, že...) Např.: Make sure you don't lose it. - Ať to neztratíš., Make sure he doesn't break it. - Ať to nerozbije. ap.

    Exercise 25

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    • Přeložte. Použijte nápovědu.

    7 Nejsem z toho zrovna nadšený.
    crazy
    13 To nevadí.
    mind
    8 To by bylo skvělé!
    great
    14 To rád slyším.
    glad
    1 Nevím, jak dlouho to potrvá.
    take
    6 Nechce se mi tam jít.
    feel like
    12 Neslyším vás.
    can
    5 Co takhle si dát pivo?
    pint
    10 Rádi bychom si objednali.
    order
    3 Pokud vím, tak tady není.
    as far as
    9 Změnil jsem názor.
    mind
    2 Dám vám vědět co nejdřív.
    as soon as
    11 Platím já! (pití ap.)
    buy
    4 To je ale překvapení!
    surprise

    Pozor na slovo frekventovaný při překladu do angličtiny! Ve významu častý je to frequent. Chcete-li ale říct, že je něco často navštěvované nebo je zde velký provoz, užije se frequented frɪˈkwεntɪd. Např.: frequented road - frekventovaná silnice.

    Exercise 26

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    • Přeložte.

    1 Máte pravdu.
    3 Dlouho vás nezdržím.
    12 Ještě nepřišel.
    19 Všechno nejlepší k narozeninám!
    11 Musel jsem tam jít.
    17 Jak dlouho už tady čekáte?
    2 Mám zpoždění.
    18 Učím se anglicky už dva roky.
    9 Co ještě potřebujete?
    8 Nesmíš to nikomu říct.
    16 Bydlím tady už deset let.
    4 Co se děje?
    7 Nebudu moci přijít.
    5 Nevěděl jsem o tom.
    13 Nechám to na vás.
    20 Hodně štěstí!
    15 Nikdy jsem v Londýně nebyl.
    14 Kdybych to měl, dal bych ti to.
    10 Nemusíte platit.
    6 Postarám se o to.

    Sidewalk je americký termín. V Británii pro chodník užívají pavement ˈpeɪvmənt! V americké angličtině je ale pavement zpevněná vozovka (asfaltovaný povrch ap.).

    Připoutat se (v autě ap.) se hlavně v americké angličtině hovorově řekne buckle up ˈbʌkəlˌʌp. Např.: Buckle up! - Připoutej(te) se!

    Pozor! Slovo police se v angličtině chová jako podstatné jméno v množném čísle, tedy: The police are ..., The police have ... ap.! Např. The police are after him. - Jde po něm policie., Police say that ... - Policie říká, že...