Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Přeložte.

    10 Can you give me a lift?
    15 Have you done it yet?
    8 He's to come too.
    6 It made him angry.
    13 Have we met (before)?
    17 I'm looking forward to that.
    18 I've been taking driving lessons.
    16 I'll do it asap.
    14 We had the house built.
    4 They differ in many ways.
    2 I don't get it.
    11 I'll do my best.
    12 I'd love to, but I can't.
    19 I was fined for speeding.
    3 It's getting worse.
    1 How've you been?
    9 What was I supposed to do?
    5 He has no sense of humour.
    7 He's known her for years.

    Speeding spiːdɪŋ je překročení povolené rychlosti (speed - rychlost). Speeding ticket je pokuta za rychlost. Např.: He got a speeding ticket. - Dostal pokutu za rychlost.

    Exercise 2

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    • Poslechněte si nahrávku a určete, zda je tvrzení pravdivé (true), nebo nepravdivé (false).

    2 John had an accident, but it wasn't his fault.
    3 They usually don't leave a tip in British pubs.
    6 Both the British and Americans like to use trains.
    5 New Yorkers are known to walk a lot around the city.
    7 Some 5 million people travel on the tube every day in London.
    1 Bob was fined 400 dollars for driving too fast.
    4 Americans mostly buy cars made in the US.
    8 The number of yellow cabs in New York is about 13.5 thousand.

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte odpovídající výroky.

    • 1 I'll keep it on.
    • 2 I won't keep you long.
    • 3 He broke up with her.
    • 4 I'll find out.
    • 5 He made it up.
    • 6 I'll catch up with you.
    • 7 He's missing her.
    • 8 He was fired.
    • f Vymyslel si to.
    • g Nezdržím tě dlouho.
    • c Dostal vyhazov.
    • b Doženu vás.
    • a Chybí mu.
    • e Nechám si to na sobě.
    • d Rozešel se s ní.
    • g Zjistím to.

    Exercise 4

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    10 I usually go in/in/by car, but we met in/at/on the bus.
    1 Most from/of/in them didn't know.
    9 I'm sorry of/at/about that. I did it by/on/of mistake.
    5 Did you get my e-mail? - Yes, but I haven't red/read/readed it yet.
    7 Come out/on/at. Hurry up! We'll be late.
    6 Could you take/get/pick me up at the airport tomorrow?
    2 How long will it ask/take/keep to get there? - About an hour.
    4 He wasn't supposed to know. You couldn't/shouldn't/wouldn't have told him.
    3 Jane and Bob prepared it himself/themselves/ourselves.
    8 They took in/off/out a loan to buy a car.

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte členy, some nebo any, kde třeba.

    11 A boy from US met girl from Europe.
    12 He's American who makes lot of money.
    4 I bought new car. - What did you do with old one?
    13 Take meat out of bag and put it in fridge.
    3 Can you lend me money? - I don't have money.
    9 Would you like more cake? - Yes. I haven't had yet.
    2 Are there other ways? I can't think of .
    14 I had busy day at work. I'm going to bed.
    7 I had accident when driving to work this morning.
    6 Can you give me hand? - I don't have time for that.
    5 Have wine! - Thanks, I don't drink alcohol.
    8 I saw it on TV yesterday when I was watching news.
    1 Is there place where we could have dinner?
    10 USA and Canada are almost same size.

    Exercise 6

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    • Doplňte překlady vět.

    8 Pokud vím... As as I know ...
    5 Doufám, že ne. I hope .
    10 Lepší by bylo počkat. It better to wait.
    9 Neměl bys mu o tom říkat. You tell him.
    1 Chystám se k odchodu. I'm to leave.
    7 Kolikrát jsi to už viděl? How many have you seen it?
    11 To jídlo se může zkazit. The food may bad.
    3 Je mi to jedno. I don't (about it).
    2 Byli jsme okradeni. We were .
    6 Kolik peněz tam je? How money is there?
    14 Co tím myslíte? What do you by that?
    4 Budete muset počkat. You'll wait.
    13 Bude to hotovo do pátku. It'll be finished Friday.
    12 Počkám, až přijde. I'll wait him to come.

    Exercise 7

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    • Spojte související výroky.

    • 1 He had a house built ...
    • 2 I'll tell her about it ...
    • 3 I've been learning English ...
    • 4 I tried to call him ...
    • 5 We had to wait ...
    • 6 I'm really sorry about ...
    • 7 I had a car accident ...
    • 8 He was fined 500 dollars ...
    • a for about two years now.
    • f which made him angry.
    • c but he sold it soon after.
    • e but he isn't answering the phone.
    • b what happened to her.
    • d but it wasn't my fault.
    • h although she shouldn't know.
    • g until they came back.

    Exercise 8

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    3 He's a year younger, but he's a head longer/taller/higher than me.
    2 What's up, man? Long time no sea/see/say. How've you been?
    10 I sent it at/to/in his e-mail address at/on/by accident.
    1 Are you looking forward to it? - Yes, I can't stay/afford/wait to see it.
    9 There will be no meeting. It was called out/away/off.
    12 I met her in/on/at the bus although I usually go on/in/by car.
    4 I'm trying! - I know but you must try stronger/harder/heavier!
    7 Don't give up. You must stay/keep/last trying.
    5 Are you hungry? - Not right/really/hardly. But I'm thirsty.
    6 I'm feeling unwell. I'll have to see/meet/reach a doctor.
    13 We didn't meet on/at/by chance. We agreed to meet/meeting/met.
    8 I'm in a hurry. I must catch/reach/have the bus.
    11 I came at/across/about an interesting article.

    Předložka by také znamená kolem, vedle (o pohybu). Např.: A police car went by. - Kolem projelo policejní auto. Stop by je hovorově stavit se (za někým).

    Exercise 9

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    • Doplňte druhou větu tak, aby měla opačný význam.

    10 I like both beer and wine. - I like beer wine.
    15 He does hardly any work. - He works really .
    4 I threw it away. - I it.
    3 She needn't know about it. - She know about it.
    6 You can get there by car. - You have to there.
    7 The computer is still on. - The computer is .
    2 He's found a job. - He was .
    5 You must take off your glasses. - You must put your glasses.
    12 She calmed him down. - She made him .
    1 I have to work tomorrow. - I'm taking a day tomorrow.
    14 What time do you go to bed? - What time do you up?
    13 They helped me do it. - I did it .
    11 It's getting better. - It's getting .
    8 Don't bring him with you. - Feel to bring him with you.
    9 It cost at least 300. - It cost at 300.

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte správné tvary slovesa v nápovědě.

    10 He be here a moment ago and he leave a message for you.
    5 The house was sell for 20.000.
    4 He's speak to her.
    6 She was hit by a car.
    3 I've bring some wine.
    1 Where be you last night?
    9 I give it to him and I think he keep it.
    8 He have an accident and was take to hospital.
    2 I haven't see you for ages!
    7 They meet years ago and become friends.

    Slovo left znamená též zbylý. Užívá se hlavně ve spojení be left - zbýt, zbývat. Např.: There's nothing left. - Nic nezbylo., I don't have much money left. - Už mi nezbývá moc peněz. ap.

    Exercise 11

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    • Doplňte správnou předložku.

    11 Do you have it you? - No, I left it work.
    1 Only one 20 Americans don't have a car.
    12 Thank you so much. It's so nice you.
    4 He'll be back ten minutes. You can wait him.
    10 What disease did he die ? It's not known.
    7 Who'll be looking the kids when she's gone?
    9 Look these two. Is there any difference them?
    3 I'm too tired. I can't go .
    2 I'll see you Monday 4 p.m.
    8 They spend all their money food and clothes.
    6 Don't worry that. I'll take care it.
    5 We'll meet Christmas Eve at 7 p.m. my place.

    Američané často jako výraz díků říkají: I appreciate it. - Vážím si toho., Oceňuji to. (appreciate əˈpriːʃɪˌeɪt - oceňovat, vážit si)

    Exercise 12

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    • Utvořte otázky. Ptejte se na zvýrazněná slova.

    2 I've been waiting for an hour.
    6 I've known her for 2 years.
    1 He left for work an hour ago.
    9 He drank five beers.
    4 I told Bob and Jane about it.
    5 We'll spend the weekend at the seaside.
    10 I've been learning English for a year.
    7 It cost me over 500 dollars.
    8 I haven't sent it yet.
    3 Nobody else knows about it.

    Exercise 13

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    • Doplňte překlady vět pomocí trpného rodu.

    11 Viděli ji, jak odchází. She leaving.
    5 Postavili 3 nové domy. Three new houses .
    8 Článek napsala dívka. The article by a girl.
    9 Vzali ho na vysokou. He to college.
    2 Bude povýšena. She'll .
    4 Srazilo je nákladní auto. They by a truck.
    12 Našli ji o týden později. She a week later.
    10 Ví se o něm, že je bohatý. He to be rich.
    7 Toto slovo se často neužívá. This word often.
    6 Tato auta se vyrábí v Japonsku. These cars in Japan.
    3 Mohli by ho vyhodit z práce. He could .
    1 Ukradli mu auto. His car .

    I'm flattered. ˈflætəd nebo též I feel flattered. je česky Jsem polichocen.

    Exercise 14

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu tvary slovesa do nebo make.

    6 We can't without their help.
    14 He it to her angry.
    7 They a lot of damage when they broke in.
    15 it sense to you?
    12 I only have 20 dollars. Will it ?
    13 This dress me look fat.
    9 These photos me want to go on holiday.
    5 I'm running late. I won't it in time.
    11 He a lot of money last year.
    3 Stop fun of me!
    10 Please your best. It's very important.
    4 How did you at school? Were you a good student?
    8 I need to a phone call.
    2 I've a big mistake.
    1 Have you your homework?

    Exercise 15

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    • Doplňte odpovědi pomocí slovesa z otázky.

    8 Did you understand him? - I only a few words.
    4 When did they send it? - They it last night.
    3 Did you get my message? - No, I no message.
    2 When did he lose his job? - He his job last year.
    7 Did you buy any wine? - No, I only food.
    10 Did you write down his name? - No, I his number.
    1 Where did you go on holiday? - We to the seaside.
    6 How many times did you try it? - I it at least five times.
    9 How did you feel when you found out? - I really bad.
    5 How long did you spend there? - We a week there.

    Exercise 16

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    • Doplňte správnou předložku.

    6 I got it Christmas a friend of mine.
    8 She used to work a teacher.
    11 It's not for kids. You must be 18 years old to buy it.
    4 It's very hot. The temperature is 30 degrees.
    2 We'll meet the airport.
    7 I'm tired listening to them. I'm leaving.
    10 It was a secret meeting. They met closed doors.
    9 It looks you are having a great time.
    3 I'm leaving Paris tomorrow.
    1 Have you ever been the USA?
    5 It's too hot inside. I'll wait the pub.
    12 We'are all very sorry her death.

    Spojení feel sorry for se užívá, když někoho litujete, be sorry for hlavně při omluvě za svůj čin ap., ale be sorry about se užije o situaci či něčem, co nastalo. Např.: I felt sorry for him. - Bylo mi ho líto., I'm sorry for disturbing you. - Promiňte, že vás ruším. ALE I'm sorry about that. - To mě mrzí. Sorry se může vázat i s infinitivem. Např.: We're sorry to inform you ... - S politováním vám oznamujeme...

    Exercise 17

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    • Napište věty, které uslyšíte. Neužívejte stažené tvary. (Pište celými slovy.)

    6
    8
    5
    4
    3
    2
    7
    1
    9
    10

    Exercise 18

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    • Spojte výroky, které mají opačný význam.

    • 1 He's jobless.
    • 2 He made her angry.
    • 3 He's in good health.
    • 4 I'm enjoying it.
    • 5 He died there.
    • 6 I don't care about her.
    • 7 I have two siblings.
    • 8 I'm really hungry.
    • h He was born there.
    • c I've eaten.
    • a He's seriously ill.
    • e He's employed.
    • b I'm tired of it.
    • d I'm an only child.
    • f He calmed her down.
    • g I'm crazy about her.

    Exercise 19

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    • Doplňte větu posunutou do minulého času s užitím časové souslednosti.

    7 I believe he forgot about it. - I believed he it.
    4 I suppose you know that. - I supposed you that.
    9 I don't know who did it. - I didn't know who it.
    3 I'm sure they have it. - I was sure they it.
    10 I know what he's going to do. - I knew what he going to do.
    2 I'm afraid they're lost. - I was afraid they lost.
    5 I hope you'll come. - I hoped you come.
    6 She says she'll help us. - She said she help us.
    1 I think she is there. - I thought she there.
    8 He says he was there. - He said he there.

    Exercise 20

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    • Přeložte. Použijte nápovědu.

    3 Právě jsem to dodělal.
    just
    2 Už jsi to poslal?
    yet
    7 To bude ještě dražší.
    even
    1 Díváme se právě na film.
    just
    8 Co ještě bych měl udělat?
    else
    5 Neviděl jsem ho už měsíce.
    for months
    4 Už odešli.
    already
    10 Zkus to ještě jednou.
    again; more
    6 Ještě jsem to nečetl.
    yet
    9 Dám si ještě jedno pivo.
    more

    Exercise 21

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    • Doplňte překlady pomocí frázových sloves.

    13 Vyrazíme brzy ráno. We'll out early.
    5 Musím se přihlásit v hotelu. I must in at the hotel.
    4 Řekni mu, ať se uklidní. Tell him to down.
    6 Ceny domů vzrostly o... House prices up by ...
    10 Čti dál. on reading.
    11 Můžeme to odložit? Can we it off?
    9 Vydržte chvilku. Hold a minute.
    8 Letadlo už odstartovalo. The plane has off.
    7 Mám pustit televizi? Shall I on the TV?
    1 Už jsem zjistil, kolik to stojí. I've out how much it costs.
    14 (Dávej) pozor! Watch !
    12 Došel mi benzín. I've out of petrol.
    2 Měl by nechat kouření. He should up smoking.
    3 Chtějí si užít (života). They want to it up.

    Frázové sloveso go for má několik významů. Jeden z nejběžnějších je vybrat si nebo rozhodnout se pro. Např.: I'd go for this one. - Já bych si vybral tento. Ve významu platit pro... se užívá go for stejně jako sloveso apply to əˈplaɪˌtuː. Např.: That goes for you too., That applies to you too. - To platí i pro tebe. ap.

    Jaywalking ˈdʒeɪˌwɔːkɪŋ je neukázněné přecházení silnice. Termín jaywalker ˈdʒeɪˌwɔːkə je neukázněný chodec (přecházející na červenou, mimo přechod ap.).

    Exercise 23

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    • Vyberte správné slovo podle výkladu.

    6 When you get well again after being ill, you have tired/recovered/fainted.
    10 The part of a street used for walking is called the jaywalk/sidewalk/walker.
    2 When you get divorced/married/bored you become a husband and wife.
    11 When you've done something many times and you have no problem doing it, you are used to/addicted to/interested in it.
    8 When you give someone food, you say: Welcome/Cheers/Help yourself.
    5 To get a driving licence, you must first make/get/pass a driving test.
    3 When a meeting is to take place later, it is put out/away/off.
    4 If you want to eat healthily, you should get/avoid/order junk food.
    1 When two people are not a couple any more, they break up/down/in.
    9 An old person who doesn't work anymore is wrapped/retired/admitted.
    7 When someone takes your things away, you are broken/robbed/stolen.

    Obrat to hail a taxi znamená zastavit si taxi (mávnutím). Podobně se užívá fráze wave down a taxi (wave weɪv - mávnout, zamávat).

    Exercise 24

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    • Doplňte překlady.

    7 Nejezdím po městě autem. I don't drive the city.
    1 Zamilovala se do něho. She in love with him.
    11 Mám raději čaj než kávu. I tea to coffee.
    13 Jeďte po této cestě. Go this road.
    14 Ať neodchází! Don't him go!
    3 To zní zajímavě. That interesting.
    2 Doufejme, že to vyjde. Let's hope it'll off.
    10 Bude to stát spoustu peněz. It'll cost a of money.
    12 Vyzvednu tě na letišti. I'll you up at the airport.
    5 Nechám to na vás. I'll it up to you.
    9 Byla okradena dvěma muži. She by two men.
    6 Zvykl jsem si na to. I used to it.
    4 Mám (moc) rád italské jídlo. I'm of Italian food.
    8 Odjíždím v pátek ráno. I'm leaving Friday morning.

    Ať v rozkazu lze také někdy přeložit pomocí obratu make sure (that) (ujisti se/zajisti, že...) Např.: Make sure you don't lose it. - Ať to neztratíš., Make sure he doesn't break it. - Ať to nerozbije. ap.

    Exercise 25

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    • Přeložte. Použijte nápovědu.

    13 To nevadí.
    mind
    10 Rádi bychom si objednali.
    order
    2 Dám vám vědět co nejdřív.
    as soon as
    7 Nejsem z toho zrovna nadšený.
    crazy
    9 Změnil jsem názor.
    mind
    4 To je ale překvapení!
    surprise
    6 Nechce se mi tam jít.
    feel like
    8 To by bylo skvělé!
    great
    11 Platím já! (pití ap.)
    buy
    12 Neslyším vás.
    can
    1 Nevím, jak dlouho to potrvá.
    take
    3 Pokud vím, tak tady není.
    as far as
    14 To rád slyším.
    glad
    5 Co takhle si dát pivo?
    pint

    Pozor na slovo frekventovaný při překladu do angličtiny! Ve významu častý je to frequent. Chcete-li ale říct, že je něco často navštěvované nebo je zde velký provoz, užije se frequented frɪˈkwεntɪd. Např.: frequented road - frekventovaná silnice.

    Exercise 26

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    • Přeložte.

    7 Nebudu moci přijít.
    12 Ještě nepřišel.
    6 Postarám se o to.
    2 Mám zpoždění.
    18 Učím se anglicky už dva roky.
    19 Všechno nejlepší k narozeninám!
    1 Máte pravdu.
    16 Bydlím tady už deset let.
    4 Co se děje?
    10 Nemusíte platit.
    3 Dlouho vás nezdržím.
    20 Hodně štěstí!
    14 Kdybych to měl, dal bych ti to.
    13 Nechám to na vás.
    17 Jak dlouho už tady čekáte?
    11 Musel jsem tam jít.
    5 Nevěděl jsem o tom.
    9 Co ještě potřebujete?
    8 Nesmíš to nikomu říct.
    15 Nikdy jsem v Londýně nebyl.

    Sidewalk je americký termín. V Británii pro chodník užívají pavement ˈpeɪvmənt! V americké angličtině je ale pavement zpevněná vozovka (asfaltovaný povrch ap.).

    Připoutat se (v autě ap.) se hlavně v americké angličtině hovorově řekne buckle up ˈbʌkəlˌʌp. Např.: Buckle up! - Připoutej(te) se!

    Pozor! Slovo police se v angličtině chová jako podstatné jméno v množném čísle, tedy: The police are ..., The police have ... ap.! Např. The police are after him. - Jde po něm policie., Police say that ... - Policie říká, že...