Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Přeložte.

    2 I don't get it.
    19 I was fined for speeding.
    4 They differ in many ways.
    9 What was I supposed to do?
    18 I've been taking driving lessons.
    1 How've you been?
    6 It made him angry.
    8 He's to come too.
    5 He has no sense of humour.
    14 We had the house built.
    11 I'll do my best.
    16 I'll do it asap.
    12 I'd love to, but I can't.
    13 Have we met (before)?
    7 He's known her for years.
    3 It's getting worse.
    17 I'm looking forward to that.
    10 Can you give me a lift?
    15 Have you done it yet?

    Speeding spiːdɪŋ je překročení povolené rychlosti (speed - rychlost). Speeding ticket je pokuta za rychlost. Např.: He got a speeding ticket. - Dostal pokutu za rychlost.

    Exercise 2

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    • Poslechněte si nahrávku a určete, zda je tvrzení pravdivé (true), nebo nepravdivé (false).

    5 New Yorkers are known to walk a lot around the city.
    6 Both the British and Americans like to use trains.
    3 They usually don't leave a tip in British pubs.
    2 John had an accident, but it wasn't his fault.
    8 The number of yellow cabs in New York is about 13.5 thousand.
    4 Americans mostly buy cars made in the US.
    7 Some 5 million people travel on the tube every day in London.
    1 Bob was fined 400 dollars for driving too fast.

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte odpovídající výroky.

    • 1 I'll keep it on.
    • 2 I won't keep you long.
    • 3 He broke up with her.
    • 4 I'll find out.
    • 5 He made it up.
    • 6 I'll catch up with you.
    • 7 He's missing her.
    • 8 He was fired.
    • c Dostal vyhazov.
    • b Doženu vás.
    • g Nezdržím tě dlouho.
    • g Zjistím to.
    • a Chybí mu.
    • e Nechám si to na sobě.
    • f Vymyslel si to.
    • d Rozešel se s ní.

    Exercise 4

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    6 Could you take/get/pick me up at the airport tomorrow?
    8 They took in/off/out a loan to buy a car.
    1 Most from/of/in them didn't know.
    3 Jane and Bob prepared it himself/themselves/ourselves.
    2 How long will it ask/take/keep to get there? - About an hour.
    4 He wasn't supposed to know. You couldn't/shouldn't/wouldn't have told him.
    5 Did you get my e-mail? - Yes, but I haven't red/read/readed it yet.
    7 Come out/on/at. Hurry up! We'll be late.
    9 I'm sorry of/at/about that. I did it by/on/of mistake.
    10 I usually go in/in/by car, but we met in/at/on the bus.

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte členy, some nebo any, kde třeba.

    3 Can you lend me money? - I don't have money.
    8 I saw it on TV yesterday when I was watching news.
    11 A boy from US met girl from Europe.
    7 I had accident when driving to work this morning.
    1 Is there place where we could have dinner?
    12 He's American who makes lot of money.
    13 Take meat out of bag and put it in fridge.
    10 USA and Canada are almost same size.
    6 Can you give me hand? - I don't have time for that.
    4 I bought new car. - What did you do with old one?
    14 I had busy day at work. I'm going to bed.
    5 Have wine! - Thanks, I don't drink alcohol.
    2 Are there other ways? I can't think of .
    9 Would you like more cake? - Yes. I haven't had yet.

    Exercise 6

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    • Doplňte překlady vět.

    5 Doufám, že ne. I hope .
    8 Pokud vím... As as I know ...
    12 Počkám, až přijde. I'll wait him to come.
    1 Chystám se k odchodu. I'm to leave.
    10 Lepší by bylo počkat. It better to wait.
    7 Kolikrát jsi to už viděl? How many have you seen it?
    4 Budete muset počkat. You'll wait.
    14 Co tím myslíte? What do you by that?
    11 To jídlo se může zkazit. The food may bad.
    13 Bude to hotovo do pátku. It'll be finished Friday.
    2 Byli jsme okradeni. We were .
    3 Je mi to jedno. I don't (about it).
    9 Neměl bys mu o tom říkat. You tell him.
    6 Kolik peněz tam je? How money is there?

    Exercise 7

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    • Spojte související výroky.

    • 1 He had a house built ...
    • 2 I'll tell her about it ...
    • 3 I've been learning English ...
    • 4 I tried to call him ...
    • 5 We had to wait ...
    • 6 I'm really sorry about ...
    • 7 I had a car accident ...
    • 8 He was fined 500 dollars ...
    • h although she shouldn't know.
    • b what happened to her.
    • f which made him angry.
    • d but it wasn't my fault.
    • e but he isn't answering the phone.
    • g until they came back.
    • c but he sold it soon after.
    • a for about two years now.

    Exercise 8

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    12 I met her in/on/at the bus although I usually go on/in/by car.
    1 Are you looking forward to it? - Yes, I can't stay/afford/wait to see it.
    4 I'm trying! - I know but you must try stronger/harder/heavier!
    6 I'm feeling unwell. I'll have to see/meet/reach a doctor.
    11 I came at/across/about an interesting article.
    5 Are you hungry? - Not right/really/hardly. But I'm thirsty.
    7 Don't give up. You must stay/keep/last trying.
    13 We didn't meet on/at/by chance. We agreed to meet/meeting/met.
    8 I'm in a hurry. I must catch/reach/have the bus.
    10 I sent it at/to/in his e-mail address at/on/by accident.
    9 There will be no meeting. It was called out/away/off.
    3 He's a year younger, but he's a head longer/taller/higher than me.
    2 What's up, man? Long time no sea/see/say. How've you been?

    Předložka by také znamená kolem, vedle (o pohybu). Např.: A police car went by. - Kolem projelo policejní auto. Stop by je hovorově stavit se (za někým).

    Exercise 9

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    • Doplňte druhou větu tak, aby měla opačný význam.

    12 She calmed him down. - She made him .
    8 Don't bring him with you. - Feel to bring him with you.
    6 You can get there by car. - You have to there.
    4 I threw it away. - I it.
    10 I like both beer and wine. - I like beer wine.
    11 It's getting better. - It's getting .
    14 What time do you go to bed? - What time do you up?
    15 He does hardly any work. - He works really .
    1 I have to work tomorrow. - I'm taking a day tomorrow.
    13 They helped me do it. - I did it .
    3 She needn't know about it. - She know about it.
    2 He's found a job. - He was .
    7 The computer is still on. - The computer is .
    5 You must take off your glasses. - You must put your glasses.
    9 It cost at least 300. - It cost at 300.

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte správné tvary slovesa v nápovědě.

    2 I haven't see you for ages!
    8 He have an accident and was take to hospital.
    7 They meet years ago and become friends.
    3 I've bring some wine.
    9 I give it to him and I think he keep it.
    1 Where be you last night?
    10 He be here a moment ago and he leave a message for you.
    6 She was hit by a car.
    5 The house was sell for 20.000.
    4 He's speak to her.

    Slovo left znamená též zbylý. Užívá se hlavně ve spojení be left - zbýt, zbývat. Např.: There's nothing left. - Nic nezbylo., I don't have much money left. - Už mi nezbývá moc peněz. ap.

    Exercise 11

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    • Doplňte správnou předložku.

    7 Who'll be looking the kids when she's gone?
    1 Only one 20 Americans don't have a car.
    2 I'll see you Monday 4 p.m.
    12 Thank you so much. It's so nice you.
    6 Don't worry that. I'll take care it.
    4 He'll be back ten minutes. You can wait him.
    3 I'm too tired. I can't go .
    11 Do you have it you? - No, I left it work.
    5 We'll meet Christmas Eve at 7 p.m. my place.
    8 They spend all their money food and clothes.
    9 Look these two. Is there any difference them?
    10 What disease did he die ? It's not known.

    Američané často jako výraz díků říkají: I appreciate it. - Vážím si toho., Oceňuji to. (appreciate əˈpriːʃɪˌeɪt - oceňovat, vážit si)

    Exercise 12

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    • Utvořte otázky. Ptejte se na zvýrazněná slova.

    6 I've known her for 2 years.
    4 I told Bob and Jane about it.
    7 It cost me over 500 dollars.
    3 Nobody else knows about it.
    2 I've been waiting for an hour.
    8 I haven't sent it yet.
    9 He drank five beers.
    10 I've been learning English for a year.
    1 He left for work an hour ago.
    5 We'll spend the weekend at the seaside.

    Exercise 13

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    • Doplňte překlady vět pomocí trpného rodu.

    8 Článek napsala dívka. The article by a girl.
    6 Tato auta se vyrábí v Japonsku. These cars in Japan.
    4 Srazilo je nákladní auto. They by a truck.
    7 Toto slovo se často neužívá. This word often.
    2 Bude povýšena. She'll .
    9 Vzali ho na vysokou. He to college.
    1 Ukradli mu auto. His car .
    12 Našli ji o týden později. She a week later.
    5 Postavili 3 nové domy. Three new houses .
    11 Viděli ji, jak odchází. She leaving.
    10 Ví se o něm, že je bohatý. He to be rich.
    3 Mohli by ho vyhodit z práce. He could .

    I'm flattered. ˈflætəd nebo též I feel flattered. je česky Jsem polichocen.

    Exercise 14

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu tvary slovesa do nebo make.

    2 I've a big mistake.
    10 Please your best. It's very important.
    5 I'm running late. I won't it in time.
    4 How did you at school? Were you a good student?
    6 We can't without their help.
    1 Have you your homework?
    8 I need to a phone call.
    15 it sense to you?
    12 I only have 20 dollars. Will it ?
    3 Stop fun of me!
    13 This dress me look fat.
    11 He a lot of money last year.
    7 They a lot of damage when they broke in.
    9 These photos me want to go on holiday.
    14 He it to her angry.

    Exercise 15

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    • Doplňte odpovědi pomocí slovesa z otázky.

    2 When did he lose his job? - He his job last year.
    1 Where did you go on holiday? - We to the seaside.
    9 How did you feel when you found out? - I really bad.
    7 Did you buy any wine? - No, I only food.
    10 Did you write down his name? - No, I his number.
    5 How long did you spend there? - We a week there.
    4 When did they send it? - They it last night.
    8 Did you understand him? - I only a few words.
    3 Did you get my message? - No, I no message.
    6 How many times did you try it? - I it at least five times.

    Exercise 16

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    • Doplňte správnou předložku.

    6 I got it Christmas a friend of mine.
    11 It's not for kids. You must be 18 years old to buy it.
    5 It's too hot inside. I'll wait the pub.
    2 We'll meet the airport.
    1 Have you ever been the USA?
    12 We'are all very sorry her death.
    3 I'm leaving Paris tomorrow.
    7 I'm tired listening to them. I'm leaving.
    8 She used to work a teacher.
    9 It looks you are having a great time.
    10 It was a secret meeting. They met closed doors.
    4 It's very hot. The temperature is 30 degrees.

    Spojení feel sorry for se užívá, když někoho litujete, be sorry for hlavně při omluvě za svůj čin ap., ale be sorry about se užije o situaci či něčem, co nastalo. Např.: I felt sorry for him. - Bylo mi ho líto., I'm sorry for disturbing you. - Promiňte, že vás ruším. ALE I'm sorry about that. - To mě mrzí. Sorry se může vázat i s infinitivem. Např.: We're sorry to inform you ... - S politováním vám oznamujeme...

    Exercise 17

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    • Napište věty, které uslyšíte. Neužívejte stažené tvary. (Pište celými slovy.)

    9
    10
    1
    6
    2
    8
    5
    3
    4
    7

    Exercise 18

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    • Spojte výroky, které mají opačný význam.

    • 1 He's jobless.
    • 2 He made her angry.
    • 3 He's in good health.
    • 4 I'm enjoying it.
    • 5 He died there.
    • 6 I don't care about her.
    • 7 I have two siblings.
    • 8 I'm really hungry.
    • b I'm tired of it.
    • e He's employed.
    • f He calmed her down.
    • a He's seriously ill.
    • c I've eaten.
    • h He was born there.
    • g I'm crazy about her.
    • d I'm an only child.

    Exercise 19

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    • Doplňte větu posunutou do minulého času s užitím časové souslednosti.

    3 I'm sure they have it. - I was sure they it.
    10 I know what he's going to do. - I knew what he going to do.
    9 I don't know who did it. - I didn't know who it.
    5 I hope you'll come. - I hoped you come.
    7 I believe he forgot about it. - I believed he it.
    8 He says he was there. - He said he there.
    1 I think she is there. - I thought she there.
    6 She says she'll help us. - She said she help us.
    4 I suppose you know that. - I supposed you that.
    2 I'm afraid they're lost. - I was afraid they lost.

    Exercise 20

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    • Přeložte. Použijte nápovědu.

    1 Díváme se právě na film.
    just
    9 Dám si ještě jedno pivo.
    more
    6 Ještě jsem to nečetl.
    yet
    2 Už jsi to poslal?
    yet
    5 Neviděl jsem ho už měsíce.
    for months
    8 Co ještě bych měl udělat?
    else
    7 To bude ještě dražší.
    even
    4 Už odešli.
    already
    10 Zkus to ještě jednou.
    again; more
    3 Právě jsem to dodělal.
    just

    Exercise 21

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    • Doplňte překlady pomocí frázových sloves.

    3 Chtějí si užít (života). They want to it up.
    14 (Dávej) pozor! Watch !
    9 Vydržte chvilku. Hold a minute.
    8 Letadlo už odstartovalo. The plane has off.
    4 Řekni mu, ať se uklidní. Tell him to down.
    5 Musím se přihlásit v hotelu. I must in at the hotel.
    1 Už jsem zjistil, kolik to stojí. I've out how much it costs.
    10 Čti dál. on reading.
    2 Měl by nechat kouření. He should up smoking.
    7 Mám pustit televizi? Shall I on the TV?
    11 Můžeme to odložit? Can we it off?
    6 Ceny domů vzrostly o... House prices up by ...
    13 Vyrazíme brzy ráno. We'll out early.
    12 Došel mi benzín. I've out of petrol.

    Frázové sloveso go for má několik významů. Jeden z nejběžnějších je vybrat si nebo rozhodnout se pro. Např.: I'd go for this one. - Já bych si vybral tento. Ve významu platit pro... se užívá go for stejně jako sloveso apply to əˈplaɪˌtuː. Např.: That goes for you too., That applies to you too. - To platí i pro tebe. ap.

    Jaywalking ˈdʒeɪˌwɔːkɪŋ je neukázněné přecházení silnice. Termín jaywalker ˈdʒeɪˌwɔːkə je neukázněný chodec (přecházející na červenou, mimo přechod ap.).

    Exercise 23

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    • Vyberte správné slovo podle výkladu.

    8 When you give someone food, you say: Welcome/Cheers/Help yourself.
    4 If you want to eat healthily, you should get/avoid/order junk food.
    5 To get a driving licence, you must first make/get/pass a driving test.
    2 When you get divorced/married/bored you become a husband and wife.
    1 When two people are not a couple any more, they break up/down/in.
    10 The part of a street used for walking is called the jaywalk/sidewalk/walker.
    11 When you've done something many times and you have no problem doing it, you are used to/addicted to/interested in it.
    7 When someone takes your things away, you are broken/robbed/stolen.
    6 When you get well again after being ill, you have tired/recovered/fainted.
    9 An old person who doesn't work anymore is wrapped/retired/admitted.
    3 When a meeting is to take place later, it is put out/away/off.

    Obrat to hail a taxi znamená zastavit si taxi (mávnutím). Podobně se užívá fráze wave down a taxi (wave weɪv - mávnout, zamávat).

    Exercise 24

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    • Doplňte překlady.

    8 Odjíždím v pátek ráno. I'm leaving Friday morning.
    14 Ať neodchází! Don't him go!
    11 Mám raději čaj než kávu. I tea to coffee.
    7 Nejezdím po městě autem. I don't drive the city.
    3 To zní zajímavě. That interesting.
    5 Nechám to na vás. I'll it up to you.
    9 Byla okradena dvěma muži. She by two men.
    10 Bude to stát spoustu peněz. It'll cost a of money.
    13 Jeďte po této cestě. Go this road.
    6 Zvykl jsem si na to. I used to it.
    2 Doufejme, že to vyjde. Let's hope it'll off.
    1 Zamilovala se do něho. She in love with him.
    4 Mám (moc) rád italské jídlo. I'm of Italian food.
    12 Vyzvednu tě na letišti. I'll you up at the airport.

    Ať v rozkazu lze také někdy přeložit pomocí obratu make sure (that) (ujisti se/zajisti, že...) Např.: Make sure you don't lose it. - Ať to neztratíš., Make sure he doesn't break it. - Ať to nerozbije. ap.

    Exercise 25

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    • Přeložte. Použijte nápovědu.

    13 To nevadí.
    mind
    3 Pokud vím, tak tady není.
    as far as
    2 Dám vám vědět co nejdřív.
    as soon as
    4 To je ale překvapení!
    surprise
    9 Změnil jsem názor.
    mind
    10 Rádi bychom si objednali.
    order
    6 Nechce se mi tam jít.
    feel like
    1 Nevím, jak dlouho to potrvá.
    take
    11 Platím já! (pití ap.)
    buy
    5 Co takhle si dát pivo?
    pint
    8 To by bylo skvělé!
    great
    7 Nejsem z toho zrovna nadšený.
    crazy
    14 To rád slyším.
    glad
    12 Neslyším vás.
    can

    Pozor na slovo frekventovaný při překladu do angličtiny! Ve významu častý je to frequent. Chcete-li ale říct, že je něco často navštěvované nebo je zde velký provoz, užije se frequented frɪˈkwεntɪd. Např.: frequented road - frekventovaná silnice.

    Exercise 26

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    • Přeložte.

    8 Nesmíš to nikomu říct.
    15 Nikdy jsem v Londýně nebyl.
    2 Mám zpoždění.
    9 Co ještě potřebujete?
    7 Nebudu moci přijít.
    11 Musel jsem tam jít.
    5 Nevěděl jsem o tom.
    19 Všechno nejlepší k narozeninám!
    20 Hodně štěstí!
    4 Co se děje?
    6 Postarám se o to.
    14 Kdybych to měl, dal bych ti to.
    13 Nechám to na vás.
    16 Bydlím tady už deset let.
    12 Ještě nepřišel.
    18 Učím se anglicky už dva roky.
    1 Máte pravdu.
    17 Jak dlouho už tady čekáte?
    3 Dlouho vás nezdržím.
    10 Nemusíte platit.

    Sidewalk je americký termín. V Británii pro chodník užívají pavement ˈpeɪvmənt! V americké angličtině je ale pavement zpevněná vozovka (asfaltovaný povrch ap.).

    Připoutat se (v autě ap.) se hlavně v americké angličtině hovorově řekne buckle up ˈbʌkəlˌʌp. Např.: Buckle up! - Připoutej(te) se!

    Pozor! Slovo police se v angličtině chová jako podstatné jméno v množném čísle, tedy: The police are ..., The police have ... ap.! Např. The police are after him. - Jde po něm policie., Police say that ... - Policie říká, že...