Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Přeložte.

    6 It made him angry.
    11 I'll do my best.
    10 Can you give me a lift?
    12 I'd love to, but I can't.
    5 He has no sense of humour.
    2 I don't get it.
    14 We had the house built.
    18 I've been taking driving lessons.
    7 He's known her for years.
    17 I'm looking forward to that.
    15 Have you done it yet?
    9 What was I supposed to do?
    4 They differ in many ways.
    19 I was fined for speeding.
    3 It's getting worse.
    1 How've you been?
    8 He's to come too.
    16 I'll do it asap.
    13 Have we met (before)?

    Speeding spiːdɪŋ je překročení povolené rychlosti (speed - rychlost). Speeding ticket je pokuta za rychlost. Např.: He got a speeding ticket. - Dostal pokutu za rychlost.

    Exercise 2

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    • Poslechněte si nahrávku a určete, zda je tvrzení pravdivé (true), nebo nepravdivé (false).

    1 Bob was fined 400 dollars for driving too fast.
    2 John had an accident, but it wasn't his fault.
    3 They usually don't leave a tip in British pubs.
    8 The number of yellow cabs in New York is about 13.5 thousand.
    4 Americans mostly buy cars made in the US.
    7 Some 5 million people travel on the tube every day in London.
    5 New Yorkers are known to walk a lot around the city.
    6 Both the British and Americans like to use trains.

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte odpovídající výroky.

    • 1 I'll keep it on.
    • 2 I won't keep you long.
    • 3 He broke up with her.
    • 4 I'll find out.
    • 5 He made it up.
    • 6 I'll catch up with you.
    • 7 He's missing her.
    • 8 He was fired.
    • b Doženu vás.
    • e Nechám si to na sobě.
    • g Zjistím to.
    • g Nezdržím tě dlouho.
    • c Dostal vyhazov.
    • a Chybí mu.
    • d Rozešel se s ní.
    • f Vymyslel si to.

    Exercise 4

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    2 How long will it ask/take/keep to get there? - About an hour.
    5 Did you get my e-mail? - Yes, but I haven't red/read/readed it yet.
    1 Most from/of/in them didn't know.
    7 Come out/on/at. Hurry up! We'll be late.
    3 Jane and Bob prepared it himself/themselves/ourselves.
    10 I usually go in/in/by car, but we met in/at/on the bus.
    6 Could you take/get/pick me up at the airport tomorrow?
    9 I'm sorry of/at/about that. I did it by/on/of mistake.
    4 He wasn't supposed to know. You couldn't/shouldn't/wouldn't have told him.
    8 They took in/off/out a loan to buy a car.

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte členy, some nebo any, kde třeba.

    13 Take meat out of bag and put it in fridge.
    1 Is there place where we could have dinner?
    11 A boy from US met girl from Europe.
    14 I had busy day at work. I'm going to bed.
    8 I saw it on TV yesterday when I was watching news.
    10 USA and Canada are almost same size.
    7 I had accident when driving to work this morning.
    12 He's American who makes lot of money.
    9 Would you like more cake? - Yes. I haven't had yet.
    6 Can you give me hand? - I don't have time for that.
    2 Are there other ways? I can't think of .
    5 Have wine! - Thanks, I don't drink alcohol.
    3 Can you lend me money? - I don't have money.
    4 I bought new car. - What did you do with old one?

    Exercise 6

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    • Doplňte překlady vět.

    1 Chystám se k odchodu. I'm to leave.
    4 Budete muset počkat. You'll wait.
    2 Byli jsme okradeni. We were .
    13 Bude to hotovo do pátku. It'll be finished Friday.
    14 Co tím myslíte? What do you by that?
    5 Doufám, že ne. I hope .
    8 Pokud vím... As as I know ...
    12 Počkám, až přijde. I'll wait him to come.
    9 Neměl bys mu o tom říkat. You tell him.
    10 Lepší by bylo počkat. It better to wait.
    11 To jídlo se může zkazit. The food may bad.
    7 Kolikrát jsi to už viděl? How many have you seen it?
    3 Je mi to jedno. I don't (about it).
    6 Kolik peněz tam je? How money is there?

    Exercise 7

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    • Spojte související výroky.

    • 1 He had a house built ...
    • 2 I'll tell her about it ...
    • 3 I've been learning English ...
    • 4 I tried to call him ...
    • 5 We had to wait ...
    • 6 I'm really sorry about ...
    • 7 I had a car accident ...
    • 8 He was fined 500 dollars ...
    • e but he isn't answering the phone.
    • c but he sold it soon after.
    • b what happened to her.
    • d but it wasn't my fault.
    • g until they came back.
    • f which made him angry.
    • h although she shouldn't know.
    • a for about two years now.

    Exercise 8

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    8 I'm in a hurry. I must catch/reach/have the bus.
    11 I came at/across/about an interesting article.
    4 I'm trying! - I know but you must try stronger/harder/heavier!
    7 Don't give up. You must stay/keep/last trying.
    2 What's up, man? Long time no sea/see/say. How've you been?
    13 We didn't meet on/at/by chance. We agreed to meet/meeting/met.
    1 Are you looking forward to it? - Yes, I can't stay/afford/wait to see it.
    12 I met her in/on/at the bus although I usually go on/in/by car.
    9 There will be no meeting. It was called out/away/off.
    5 Are you hungry? - Not right/really/hardly. But I'm thirsty.
    10 I sent it at/to/in his e-mail address at/on/by accident.
    6 I'm feeling unwell. I'll have to see/meet/reach a doctor.
    3 He's a year younger, but he's a head longer/taller/higher than me.

    Předložka by také znamená kolem, vedle (o pohybu). Např.: A police car went by. - Kolem projelo policejní auto. Stop by je hovorově stavit se (za někým).

    Exercise 9

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    • Doplňte druhou větu tak, aby měla opačný význam.

    9 It cost at least 300. - It cost at 300.
    2 He's found a job. - He was .
    6 You can get there by car. - You have to there.
    5 You must take off your glasses. - You must put your glasses.
    7 The computer is still on. - The computer is .
    11 It's getting better. - It's getting .
    8 Don't bring him with you. - Feel to bring him with you.
    14 What time do you go to bed? - What time do you up?
    10 I like both beer and wine. - I like beer wine.
    15 He does hardly any work. - He works really .
    12 She calmed him down. - She made him .
    13 They helped me do it. - I did it .
    3 She needn't know about it. - She know about it.
    1 I have to work tomorrow. - I'm taking a day tomorrow.
    4 I threw it away. - I it.

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte správné tvary slovesa v nápovědě.

    10 He be here a moment ago and he leave a message for you.
    1 Where be you last night?
    4 He's speak to her.
    9 I give it to him and I think he keep it.
    8 He have an accident and was take to hospital.
    5 The house was sell for 20.000.
    3 I've bring some wine.
    6 She was hit by a car.
    7 They meet years ago and become friends.
    2 I haven't see you for ages!

    Slovo left znamená též zbylý. Užívá se hlavně ve spojení be left - zbýt, zbývat. Např.: There's nothing left. - Nic nezbylo., I don't have much money left. - Už mi nezbývá moc peněz. ap.

    Exercise 11

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    • Doplňte správnou předložku.

    6 Don't worry that. I'll take care it.
    1 Only one 20 Americans don't have a car.
    8 They spend all their money food and clothes.
    3 I'm too tired. I can't go .
    2 I'll see you Monday 4 p.m.
    4 He'll be back ten minutes. You can wait him.
    11 Do you have it you? - No, I left it work.
    5 We'll meet Christmas Eve at 7 p.m. my place.
    7 Who'll be looking the kids when she's gone?
    10 What disease did he die ? It's not known.
    12 Thank you so much. It's so nice you.
    9 Look these two. Is there any difference them?

    Američané často jako výraz díků říkají: I appreciate it. - Vážím si toho., Oceňuji to. (appreciate əˈpriːʃɪˌeɪt - oceňovat, vážit si)

    Exercise 12

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    • Utvořte otázky. Ptejte se na zvýrazněná slova.

    3 Nobody else knows about it.
    4 I told Bob and Jane about it.
    7 It cost me over 500 dollars.
    8 I haven't sent it yet.
    1 He left for work an hour ago.
    5 We'll spend the weekend at the seaside.
    6 I've known her for 2 years.
    2 I've been waiting for an hour.
    9 He drank five beers.
    10 I've been learning English for a year.

    Exercise 13

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    • Doplňte překlady vět pomocí trpného rodu.

    6 Tato auta se vyrábí v Japonsku. These cars in Japan.
    10 Ví se o něm, že je bohatý. He to be rich.
    2 Bude povýšena. She'll .
    8 Článek napsala dívka. The article by a girl.
    12 Našli ji o týden později. She a week later.
    1 Ukradli mu auto. His car .
    5 Postavili 3 nové domy. Three new houses .
    9 Vzali ho na vysokou. He to college.
    3 Mohli by ho vyhodit z práce. He could .
    4 Srazilo je nákladní auto. They by a truck.
    7 Toto slovo se často neužívá. This word often.
    11 Viděli ji, jak odchází. She leaving.

    I'm flattered. ˈflætəd nebo též I feel flattered. je česky Jsem polichocen.

    Exercise 14

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu tvary slovesa do nebo make.

    13 This dress me look fat.
    12 I only have 20 dollars. Will it ?
    15 it sense to you?
    3 Stop fun of me!
    4 How did you at school? Were you a good student?
    6 We can't without their help.
    11 He a lot of money last year.
    8 I need to a phone call.
    2 I've a big mistake.
    14 He it to her angry.
    10 Please your best. It's very important.
    5 I'm running late. I won't it in time.
    7 They a lot of damage when they broke in.
    9 These photos me want to go on holiday.
    1 Have you your homework?

    Exercise 15

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    • Doplňte odpovědi pomocí slovesa z otázky.

    7 Did you buy any wine? - No, I only food.
    6 How many times did you try it? - I it at least five times.
    3 Did you get my message? - No, I no message.
    4 When did they send it? - They it last night.
    2 When did he lose his job? - He his job last year.
    1 Where did you go on holiday? - We to the seaside.
    5 How long did you spend there? - We a week there.
    9 How did you feel when you found out? - I really bad.
    8 Did you understand him? - I only a few words.
    10 Did you write down his name? - No, I his number.

    Exercise 16

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    • Doplňte správnou předložku.

    9 It looks you are having a great time.
    8 She used to work a teacher.
    10 It was a secret meeting. They met closed doors.
    2 We'll meet the airport.
    11 It's not for kids. You must be 18 years old to buy it.
    7 I'm tired listening to them. I'm leaving.
    1 Have you ever been the USA?
    6 I got it Christmas a friend of mine.
    4 It's very hot. The temperature is 30 degrees.
    12 We'are all very sorry her death.
    3 I'm leaving Paris tomorrow.
    5 It's too hot inside. I'll wait the pub.

    Spojení feel sorry for se užívá, když někoho litujete, be sorry for hlavně při omluvě za svůj čin ap., ale be sorry about se užije o situaci či něčem, co nastalo. Např.: I felt sorry for him. - Bylo mi ho líto., I'm sorry for disturbing you. - Promiňte, že vás ruším. ALE I'm sorry about that. - To mě mrzí. Sorry se může vázat i s infinitivem. Např.: We're sorry to inform you ... - S politováním vám oznamujeme...

    Exercise 17

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    • Napište věty, které uslyšíte. Neužívejte stažené tvary. (Pište celými slovy.)

    5
    7
    8
    6
    1
    4
    2
    3
    9
    10

    Exercise 18

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    • Spojte výroky, které mají opačný význam.

    • 1 He's jobless.
    • 2 He made her angry.
    • 3 He's in good health.
    • 4 I'm enjoying it.
    • 5 He died there.
    • 6 I don't care about her.
    • 7 I have two siblings.
    • 8 I'm really hungry.
    • d I'm an only child.
    • a He's seriously ill.
    • b I'm tired of it.
    • f He calmed her down.
    • e He's employed.
    • g I'm crazy about her.
    • c I've eaten.
    • h He was born there.

    Exercise 19

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    • Doplňte větu posunutou do minulého času s užitím časové souslednosti.

    5 I hope you'll come. - I hoped you come.
    10 I know what he's going to do. - I knew what he going to do.
    2 I'm afraid they're lost. - I was afraid they lost.
    8 He says he was there. - He said he there.
    3 I'm sure they have it. - I was sure they it.
    4 I suppose you know that. - I supposed you that.
    9 I don't know who did it. - I didn't know who it.
    7 I believe he forgot about it. - I believed he it.
    1 I think she is there. - I thought she there.
    6 She says she'll help us. - She said she help us.

    Exercise 20

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    • Přeložte. Použijte nápovědu.

    6 Ještě jsem to nečetl.
    yet
    4 Už odešli.
    already
    7 To bude ještě dražší.
    even
    2 Už jsi to poslal?
    yet
    10 Zkus to ještě jednou.
    again; more
    3 Právě jsem to dodělal.
    just
    1 Díváme se právě na film.
    just
    8 Co ještě bych měl udělat?
    else
    5 Neviděl jsem ho už měsíce.
    for months
    9 Dám si ještě jedno pivo.
    more

    Exercise 21

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    • Doplňte překlady pomocí frázových sloves.

    1 Už jsem zjistil, kolik to stojí. I've out how much it costs.
    8 Letadlo už odstartovalo. The plane has off.
    9 Vydržte chvilku. Hold a minute.
    13 Vyrazíme brzy ráno. We'll out early.
    14 (Dávej) pozor! Watch !
    12 Došel mi benzín. I've out of petrol.
    10 Čti dál. on reading.
    6 Ceny domů vzrostly o... House prices up by ...
    3 Chtějí si užít (života). They want to it up.
    5 Musím se přihlásit v hotelu. I must in at the hotel.
    11 Můžeme to odložit? Can we it off?
    4 Řekni mu, ať se uklidní. Tell him to down.
    7 Mám pustit televizi? Shall I on the TV?
    2 Měl by nechat kouření. He should up smoking.

    Frázové sloveso go for má několik významů. Jeden z nejběžnějších je vybrat si nebo rozhodnout se pro. Např.: I'd go for this one. - Já bych si vybral tento. Ve významu platit pro... se užívá go for stejně jako sloveso apply to əˈplaɪˌtuː. Např.: That goes for you too., That applies to you too. - To platí i pro tebe. ap.

    Jaywalking ˈdʒeɪˌwɔːkɪŋ je neukázněné přecházení silnice. Termín jaywalker ˈdʒeɪˌwɔːkə je neukázněný chodec (přecházející na červenou, mimo přechod ap.).

    Exercise 23

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    • Vyberte správné slovo podle výkladu.

    5 To get a driving licence, you must first make/get/pass a driving test.
    2 When you get divorced/married/bored you become a husband and wife.
    9 An old person who doesn't work anymore is wrapped/retired/admitted.
    7 When someone takes your things away, you are broken/robbed/stolen.
    6 When you get well again after being ill, you have tired/recovered/fainted.
    1 When two people are not a couple any more, they break up/down/in.
    8 When you give someone food, you say: Welcome/Cheers/Help yourself.
    10 The part of a street used for walking is called the jaywalk/sidewalk/walker.
    11 When you've done something many times and you have no problem doing it, you are used to/addicted to/interested in it.
    3 When a meeting is to take place later, it is put out/away/off.
    4 If you want to eat healthily, you should get/avoid/order junk food.

    Obrat to hail a taxi znamená zastavit si taxi (mávnutím). Podobně se užívá fráze wave down a taxi (wave weɪv - mávnout, zamávat).

    Exercise 24

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    • Doplňte překlady.

    11 Mám raději čaj než kávu. I tea to coffee.
    14 Ať neodchází! Don't him go!
    5 Nechám to na vás. I'll it up to you.
    2 Doufejme, že to vyjde. Let's hope it'll off.
    13 Jeďte po této cestě. Go this road.
    1 Zamilovala se do něho. She in love with him.
    8 Odjíždím v pátek ráno. I'm leaving Friday morning.
    9 Byla okradena dvěma muži. She by two men.
    6 Zvykl jsem si na to. I used to it.
    10 Bude to stát spoustu peněz. It'll cost a of money.
    12 Vyzvednu tě na letišti. I'll you up at the airport.
    3 To zní zajímavě. That interesting.
    7 Nejezdím po městě autem. I don't drive the city.
    4 Mám (moc) rád italské jídlo. I'm of Italian food.

    Ať v rozkazu lze také někdy přeložit pomocí obratu make sure (that) (ujisti se/zajisti, že...) Např.: Make sure you don't lose it. - Ať to neztratíš., Make sure he doesn't break it. - Ať to nerozbije. ap.

    Exercise 25

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    • Přeložte. Použijte nápovědu.

    13 To nevadí.
    mind
    4 To je ale překvapení!
    surprise
    9 Změnil jsem názor.
    mind
    10 Rádi bychom si objednali.
    order
    7 Nejsem z toho zrovna nadšený.
    crazy
    2 Dám vám vědět co nejdřív.
    as soon as
    8 To by bylo skvělé!
    great
    6 Nechce se mi tam jít.
    feel like
    1 Nevím, jak dlouho to potrvá.
    take
    5 Co takhle si dát pivo?
    pint
    14 To rád slyším.
    glad
    11 Platím já! (pití ap.)
    buy
    12 Neslyším vás.
    can
    3 Pokud vím, tak tady není.
    as far as

    Pozor na slovo frekventovaný při překladu do angličtiny! Ve významu častý je to frequent. Chcete-li ale říct, že je něco často navštěvované nebo je zde velký provoz, užije se frequented frɪˈkwεntɪd. Např.: frequented road - frekventovaná silnice.

    Exercise 26

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    • Přeložte.

    2 Mám zpoždění.
    12 Ještě nepřišel.
    19 Všechno nejlepší k narozeninám!
    1 Máte pravdu.
    20 Hodně štěstí!
    8 Nesmíš to nikomu říct.
    4 Co se děje?
    5 Nevěděl jsem o tom.
    11 Musel jsem tam jít.
    17 Jak dlouho už tady čekáte?
    7 Nebudu moci přijít.
    18 Učím se anglicky už dva roky.
    16 Bydlím tady už deset let.
    13 Nechám to na vás.
    6 Postarám se o to.
    3 Dlouho vás nezdržím.
    14 Kdybych to měl, dal bych ti to.
    15 Nikdy jsem v Londýně nebyl.
    10 Nemusíte platit.
    9 Co ještě potřebujete?

    Sidewalk je americký termín. V Británii pro chodník užívají pavement ˈpeɪvmənt! V americké angličtině je ale pavement zpevněná vozovka (asfaltovaný povrch ap.).

    Připoutat se (v autě ap.) se hlavně v americké angličtině hovorově řekne buckle up ˈbʌkəlˌʌp. Např.: Buckle up! - Připoutej(te) se!

    Pozor! Slovo police se v angličtině chová jako podstatné jméno v množném čísle, tedy: The police are ..., The police have ... ap.! Např. The police are after him. - Jde po něm policie., Police say that ... - Policie říká, že...