Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Přeložte.

    8 He's to come too.
    18 I've been taking driving lessons.
    14 We had the house built.
    1 How've you been?
    16 I'll do it asap.
    5 He has no sense of humour.
    12 I'd love to, but I can't.
    2 I don't get it.
    9 What was I supposed to do?
    3 It's getting worse.
    13 Have we met (before)?
    11 I'll do my best.
    7 He's known her for years.
    19 I was fined for speeding.
    17 I'm looking forward to that.
    15 Have you done it yet?
    4 They differ in many ways.
    6 It made him angry.
    10 Can you give me a lift?

    Speeding spiːdɪŋ je překročení povolené rychlosti (speed - rychlost). Speeding ticket je pokuta za rychlost. Např.: He got a speeding ticket. - Dostal pokutu za rychlost.

    Exercise 2

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    • Poslechněte si nahrávku a určete, zda je tvrzení pravdivé (true), nebo nepravdivé (false).

    1 Bob was fined 400 dollars for driving too fast.
    7 Some 5 million people travel on the tube every day in London.
    5 New Yorkers are known to walk a lot around the city.
    4 Americans mostly buy cars made in the US.
    6 Both the British and Americans like to use trains.
    3 They usually don't leave a tip in British pubs.
    8 The number of yellow cabs in New York is about 13.5 thousand.
    2 John had an accident, but it wasn't his fault.

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte odpovídající výroky.

    • 1 I'll keep it on.
    • 2 I won't keep you long.
    • 3 He broke up with her.
    • 4 I'll find out.
    • 5 He made it up.
    • 6 I'll catch up with you.
    • 7 He's missing her.
    • 8 He was fired.
    • g Nezdržím tě dlouho.
    • f Vymyslel si to.
    • a Chybí mu.
    • g Zjistím to.
    • e Nechám si to na sobě.
    • b Doženu vás.
    • c Dostal vyhazov.
    • d Rozešel se s ní.

    Exercise 4

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    6 Could you take/get/pick me up at the airport tomorrow?
    5 Did you get my e-mail? - Yes, but I haven't red/read/readed it yet.
    8 They took in/off/out a loan to buy a car.
    2 How long will it ask/take/keep to get there? - About an hour.
    9 I'm sorry of/at/about that. I did it by/on/of mistake.
    10 I usually go in/in/by car, but we met in/at/on the bus.
    4 He wasn't supposed to know. You couldn't/shouldn't/wouldn't have told him.
    1 Most from/of/in them didn't know.
    3 Jane and Bob prepared it himself/themselves/ourselves.
    7 Come out/on/at. Hurry up! We'll be late.

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte členy, some nebo any, kde třeba.

    9 Would you like more cake? - Yes. I haven't had yet.
    6 Can you give me hand? - I don't have time for that.
    8 I saw it on TV yesterday when I was watching news.
    10 USA and Canada are almost same size.
    7 I had accident when driving to work this morning.
    14 I had busy day at work. I'm going to bed.
    11 A boy from US met girl from Europe.
    5 Have wine! - Thanks, I don't drink alcohol.
    1 Is there place where we could have dinner?
    13 Take meat out of bag and put it in fridge.
    4 I bought new car. - What did you do with old one?
    12 He's American who makes lot of money.
    3 Can you lend me money? - I don't have money.
    2 Are there other ways? I can't think of .

    Exercise 6

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    • Doplňte překlady vět.

    12 Počkám, až přijde. I'll wait him to come.
    3 Je mi to jedno. I don't (about it).
    11 To jídlo se může zkazit. The food may bad.
    10 Lepší by bylo počkat. It better to wait.
    2 Byli jsme okradeni. We were .
    6 Kolik peněz tam je? How money is there?
    14 Co tím myslíte? What do you by that?
    4 Budete muset počkat. You'll wait.
    1 Chystám se k odchodu. I'm to leave.
    8 Pokud vím... As as I know ...
    5 Doufám, že ne. I hope .
    9 Neměl bys mu o tom říkat. You tell him.
    7 Kolikrát jsi to už viděl? How many have you seen it?
    13 Bude to hotovo do pátku. It'll be finished Friday.

    Exercise 7

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    • Spojte související výroky.

    • 1 He had a house built ...
    • 2 I'll tell her about it ...
    • 3 I've been learning English ...
    • 4 I tried to call him ...
    • 5 We had to wait ...
    • 6 I'm really sorry about ...
    • 7 I had a car accident ...
    • 8 He was fined 500 dollars ...
    • b what happened to her.
    • f which made him angry.
    • d but it wasn't my fault.
    • e but he isn't answering the phone.
    • h although she shouldn't know.
    • a for about two years now.
    • g until they came back.
    • c but he sold it soon after.

    Exercise 8

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    3 He's a year younger, but he's a head longer/taller/higher than me.
    12 I met her in/on/at the bus although I usually go on/in/by car.
    13 We didn't meet on/at/by chance. We agreed to meet/meeting/met.
    6 I'm feeling unwell. I'll have to see/meet/reach a doctor.
    7 Don't give up. You must stay/keep/last trying.
    5 Are you hungry? - Not right/really/hardly. But I'm thirsty.
    2 What's up, man? Long time no sea/see/say. How've you been?
    10 I sent it at/to/in his e-mail address at/on/by accident.
    9 There will be no meeting. It was called out/away/off.
    8 I'm in a hurry. I must catch/reach/have the bus.
    11 I came at/across/about an interesting article.
    4 I'm trying! - I know but you must try stronger/harder/heavier!
    1 Are you looking forward to it? - Yes, I can't stay/afford/wait to see it.

    Předložka by také znamená kolem, vedle (o pohybu). Např.: A police car went by. - Kolem projelo policejní auto. Stop by je hovorově stavit se (za někým).

    Exercise 9

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    • Doplňte druhou větu tak, aby měla opačný význam.

    3 She needn't know about it. - She know about it.
    4 I threw it away. - I it.
    9 It cost at least 300. - It cost at 300.
    5 You must take off your glasses. - You must put your glasses.
    7 The computer is still on. - The computer is .
    12 She calmed him down. - She made him .
    14 What time do you go to bed? - What time do you up?
    6 You can get there by car. - You have to there.
    10 I like both beer and wine. - I like beer wine.
    11 It's getting better. - It's getting .
    13 They helped me do it. - I did it .
    15 He does hardly any work. - He works really .
    8 Don't bring him with you. - Feel to bring him with you.
    2 He's found a job. - He was .
    1 I have to work tomorrow. - I'm taking a day tomorrow.

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte správné tvary slovesa v nápovědě.

    1 Where be you last night?
    4 He's speak to her.
    7 They meet years ago and become friends.
    9 I give it to him and I think he keep it.
    8 He have an accident and was take to hospital.
    10 He be here a moment ago and he leave a message for you.
    3 I've bring some wine.
    5 The house was sell for 20.000.
    6 She was hit by a car.
    2 I haven't see you for ages!

    Slovo left znamená též zbylý. Užívá se hlavně ve spojení be left - zbýt, zbývat. Např.: There's nothing left. - Nic nezbylo., I don't have much money left. - Už mi nezbývá moc peněz. ap.

    Exercise 11

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    • Doplňte správnou předložku.

    10 What disease did he die ? It's not known.
    6 Don't worry that. I'll take care it.
    5 We'll meet Christmas Eve at 7 p.m. my place.
    1 Only one 20 Americans don't have a car.
    4 He'll be back ten minutes. You can wait him.
    8 They spend all their money food and clothes.
    11 Do you have it you? - No, I left it work.
    7 Who'll be looking the kids when she's gone?
    3 I'm too tired. I can't go .
    12 Thank you so much. It's so nice you.
    9 Look these two. Is there any difference them?
    2 I'll see you Monday 4 p.m.

    Američané často jako výraz díků říkají: I appreciate it. - Vážím si toho., Oceňuji to. (appreciate əˈpriːʃɪˌeɪt - oceňovat, vážit si)

    Exercise 12

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    • Utvořte otázky. Ptejte se na zvýrazněná slova.

    5 We'll spend the weekend at the seaside.
    9 He drank five beers.
    3 Nobody else knows about it.
    6 I've known her for 2 years.
    8 I haven't sent it yet.
    2 I've been waiting for an hour.
    10 I've been learning English for a year.
    4 I told Bob and Jane about it.
    7 It cost me over 500 dollars.
    1 He left for work an hour ago.

    Exercise 13

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    • Doplňte překlady vět pomocí trpného rodu.

    4 Srazilo je nákladní auto. They by a truck.
    11 Viděli ji, jak odchází. She leaving.
    5 Postavili 3 nové domy. Three new houses .
    10 Ví se o něm, že je bohatý. He to be rich.
    12 Našli ji o týden později. She a week later.
    1 Ukradli mu auto. His car .
    9 Vzali ho na vysokou. He to college.
    2 Bude povýšena. She'll .
    7 Toto slovo se často neužívá. This word often.
    8 Článek napsala dívka. The article by a girl.
    6 Tato auta se vyrábí v Japonsku. These cars in Japan.
    3 Mohli by ho vyhodit z práce. He could .

    I'm flattered. ˈflætəd nebo též I feel flattered. je česky Jsem polichocen.

    Exercise 14

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu tvary slovesa do nebo make.

    12 I only have 20 dollars. Will it ?
    2 I've a big mistake.
    11 He a lot of money last year.
    15 it sense to you?
    6 We can't without their help.
    7 They a lot of damage when they broke in.
    5 I'm running late. I won't it in time.
    4 How did you at school? Were you a good student?
    10 Please your best. It's very important.
    8 I need to a phone call.
    1 Have you your homework?
    14 He it to her angry.
    13 This dress me look fat.
    9 These photos me want to go on holiday.
    3 Stop fun of me!

    Exercise 15

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    • Doplňte odpovědi pomocí slovesa z otázky.

    2 When did he lose his job? - He his job last year.
    1 Where did you go on holiday? - We to the seaside.
    10 Did you write down his name? - No, I his number.
    4 When did they send it? - They it last night.
    6 How many times did you try it? - I it at least five times.
    7 Did you buy any wine? - No, I only food.
    3 Did you get my message? - No, I no message.
    9 How did you feel when you found out? - I really bad.
    5 How long did you spend there? - We a week there.
    8 Did you understand him? - I only a few words.

    Exercise 16

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    • Doplňte správnou předložku.

    4 It's very hot. The temperature is 30 degrees.
    5 It's too hot inside. I'll wait the pub.
    12 We'are all very sorry her death.
    2 We'll meet the airport.
    7 I'm tired listening to them. I'm leaving.
    6 I got it Christmas a friend of mine.
    3 I'm leaving Paris tomorrow.
    9 It looks you are having a great time.
    1 Have you ever been the USA?
    11 It's not for kids. You must be 18 years old to buy it.
    8 She used to work a teacher.
    10 It was a secret meeting. They met closed doors.

    Spojení feel sorry for se užívá, když někoho litujete, be sorry for hlavně při omluvě za svůj čin ap., ale be sorry about se užije o situaci či něčem, co nastalo. Např.: I felt sorry for him. - Bylo mi ho líto., I'm sorry for disturbing you. - Promiňte, že vás ruším. ALE I'm sorry about that. - To mě mrzí. Sorry se může vázat i s infinitivem. Např.: We're sorry to inform you ... - S politováním vám oznamujeme...

    Exercise 17

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    • Napište věty, které uslyšíte. Neužívejte stažené tvary. (Pište celými slovy.)

    9
    5
    1
    7
    8
    4
    3
    10
    2
    6

    Exercise 18

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    • Spojte výroky, které mají opačný význam.

    • 1 He's jobless.
    • 2 He made her angry.
    • 3 He's in good health.
    • 4 I'm enjoying it.
    • 5 He died there.
    • 6 I don't care about her.
    • 7 I have two siblings.
    • 8 I'm really hungry.
    • b I'm tired of it.
    • h He was born there.
    • a He's seriously ill.
    • c I've eaten.
    • e He's employed.
    • g I'm crazy about her.
    • f He calmed her down.
    • d I'm an only child.

    Exercise 19

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    • Doplňte větu posunutou do minulého času s užitím časové souslednosti.

    10 I know what he's going to do. - I knew what he going to do.
    9 I don't know who did it. - I didn't know who it.
    8 He says he was there. - He said he there.
    7 I believe he forgot about it. - I believed he it.
    4 I suppose you know that. - I supposed you that.
    2 I'm afraid they're lost. - I was afraid they lost.
    3 I'm sure they have it. - I was sure they it.
    1 I think she is there. - I thought she there.
    6 She says she'll help us. - She said she help us.
    5 I hope you'll come. - I hoped you come.

    Exercise 20

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    • Přeložte. Použijte nápovědu.

    3 Právě jsem to dodělal.
    just
    6 Ještě jsem to nečetl.
    yet
    4 Už odešli.
    already
    2 Už jsi to poslal?
    yet
    10 Zkus to ještě jednou.
    again; more
    7 To bude ještě dražší.
    even
    1 Díváme se právě na film.
    just
    9 Dám si ještě jedno pivo.
    more
    5 Neviděl jsem ho už měsíce.
    for months
    8 Co ještě bych měl udělat?
    else

    Exercise 21

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    • Doplňte překlady pomocí frázových sloves.

    5 Musím se přihlásit v hotelu. I must in at the hotel.
    8 Letadlo už odstartovalo. The plane has off.
    13 Vyrazíme brzy ráno. We'll out early.
    10 Čti dál. on reading.
    11 Můžeme to odložit? Can we it off?
    7 Mám pustit televizi? Shall I on the TV?
    4 Řekni mu, ať se uklidní. Tell him to down.
    14 (Dávej) pozor! Watch !
    1 Už jsem zjistil, kolik to stojí. I've out how much it costs.
    6 Ceny domů vzrostly o... House prices up by ...
    2 Měl by nechat kouření. He should up smoking.
    3 Chtějí si užít (života). They want to it up.
    9 Vydržte chvilku. Hold a minute.
    12 Došel mi benzín. I've out of petrol.

    Frázové sloveso go for má několik významů. Jeden z nejběžnějších je vybrat si nebo rozhodnout se pro. Např.: I'd go for this one. - Já bych si vybral tento. Ve významu platit pro... se užívá go for stejně jako sloveso apply to əˈplaɪˌtuː. Např.: That goes for you too., That applies to you too. - To platí i pro tebe. ap.

    Jaywalking ˈdʒeɪˌwɔːkɪŋ je neukázněné přecházení silnice. Termín jaywalker ˈdʒeɪˌwɔːkə je neukázněný chodec (přecházející na červenou, mimo přechod ap.).

    Exercise 23

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    • Vyberte správné slovo podle výkladu.

    7 When someone takes your things away, you are broken/robbed/stolen.
    11 When you've done something many times and you have no problem doing it, you are used to/addicted to/interested in it.
    3 When a meeting is to take place later, it is put out/away/off.
    9 An old person who doesn't work anymore is wrapped/retired/admitted.
    2 When you get divorced/married/bored you become a husband and wife.
    10 The part of a street used for walking is called the jaywalk/sidewalk/walker.
    5 To get a driving licence, you must first make/get/pass a driving test.
    8 When you give someone food, you say: Welcome/Cheers/Help yourself.
    1 When two people are not a couple any more, they break up/down/in.
    4 If you want to eat healthily, you should get/avoid/order junk food.
    6 When you get well again after being ill, you have tired/recovered/fainted.

    Obrat to hail a taxi znamená zastavit si taxi (mávnutím). Podobně se užívá fráze wave down a taxi (wave weɪv - mávnout, zamávat).

    Exercise 24

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    • Doplňte překlady.

    9 Byla okradena dvěma muži. She by two men.
    11 Mám raději čaj než kávu. I tea to coffee.
    7 Nejezdím po městě autem. I don't drive the city.
    12 Vyzvednu tě na letišti. I'll you up at the airport.
    3 To zní zajímavě. That interesting.
    4 Mám (moc) rád italské jídlo. I'm of Italian food.
    1 Zamilovala se do něho. She in love with him.
    10 Bude to stát spoustu peněz. It'll cost a of money.
    13 Jeďte po této cestě. Go this road.
    2 Doufejme, že to vyjde. Let's hope it'll off.
    5 Nechám to na vás. I'll it up to you.
    14 Ať neodchází! Don't him go!
    8 Odjíždím v pátek ráno. I'm leaving Friday morning.
    6 Zvykl jsem si na to. I used to it.

    Ať v rozkazu lze také někdy přeložit pomocí obratu make sure (that) (ujisti se/zajisti, že...) Např.: Make sure you don't lose it. - Ať to neztratíš., Make sure he doesn't break it. - Ať to nerozbije. ap.

    Exercise 25

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    • Přeložte. Použijte nápovědu.

    1 Nevím, jak dlouho to potrvá.
    take
    3 Pokud vím, tak tady není.
    as far as
    4 To je ale překvapení!
    surprise
    13 To nevadí.
    mind
    2 Dám vám vědět co nejdřív.
    as soon as
    12 Neslyším vás.
    can
    6 Nechce se mi tam jít.
    feel like
    7 Nejsem z toho zrovna nadšený.
    crazy
    8 To by bylo skvělé!
    great
    11 Platím já! (pití ap.)
    buy
    9 Změnil jsem názor.
    mind
    5 Co takhle si dát pivo?
    pint
    10 Rádi bychom si objednali.
    order
    14 To rád slyším.
    glad

    Pozor na slovo frekventovaný při překladu do angličtiny! Ve významu častý je to frequent. Chcete-li ale říct, že je něco často navštěvované nebo je zde velký provoz, užije se frequented frɪˈkwεntɪd. Např.: frequented road - frekventovaná silnice.

    Exercise 26

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    • Přeložte.

    5 Nevěděl jsem o tom.
    6 Postarám se o to.
    3 Dlouho vás nezdržím.
    15 Nikdy jsem v Londýně nebyl.
    7 Nebudu moci přijít.
    9 Co ještě potřebujete?
    10 Nemusíte platit.
    18 Učím se anglicky už dva roky.
    14 Kdybych to měl, dal bych ti to.
    13 Nechám to na vás.
    8 Nesmíš to nikomu říct.
    16 Bydlím tady už deset let.
    4 Co se děje?
    11 Musel jsem tam jít.
    19 Všechno nejlepší k narozeninám!
    12 Ještě nepřišel.
    20 Hodně štěstí!
    17 Jak dlouho už tady čekáte?
    1 Máte pravdu.
    2 Mám zpoždění.

    Sidewalk je americký termín. V Británii pro chodník užívají pavement ˈpeɪvmənt! V americké angličtině je ale pavement zpevněná vozovka (asfaltovaný povrch ap.).

    Připoutat se (v autě ap.) se hlavně v americké angličtině hovorově řekne buckle up ˈbʌkəlˌʌp. Např.: Buckle up! - Připoutej(te) se!

    Pozor! Slovo police se v angličtině chová jako podstatné jméno v množném čísle, tedy: The police are ..., The police have ... ap.! Např. The police are after him. - Jde po něm policie., Police say that ... - Policie říká, že...