Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Přeložte.

    10 Can you give me a lift?
    16 I'll do it asap.
    14 We had the house built.
    9 What was I supposed to do?
    19 I was fined for speeding.
    1 How've you been?
    7 He's known her for years.
    8 He's to come too.
    18 I've been taking driving lessons.
    12 I'd love to, but I can't.
    13 Have we met (before)?
    5 He has no sense of humour.
    6 It made him angry.
    11 I'll do my best.
    4 They differ in many ways.
    15 Have you done it yet?
    2 I don't get it.
    3 It's getting worse.
    17 I'm looking forward to that.

    Speeding spiːdɪŋ je překročení povolené rychlosti (speed - rychlost). Speeding ticket je pokuta za rychlost. Např.: He got a speeding ticket. - Dostal pokutu za rychlost.

    Exercise 2

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    • Poslechněte si nahrávku a určete, zda je tvrzení pravdivé (true), nebo nepravdivé (false).

    7 Some 5 million people travel on the tube every day in London.
    4 Americans mostly buy cars made in the US.
    8 The number of yellow cabs in New York is about 13.5 thousand.
    1 Bob was fined 400 dollars for driving too fast.
    6 Both the British and Americans like to use trains.
    2 John had an accident, but it wasn't his fault.
    3 They usually don't leave a tip in British pubs.
    5 New Yorkers are known to walk a lot around the city.

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte odpovídající výroky.

    • 1 I'll keep it on.
    • 2 I won't keep you long.
    • 3 He broke up with her.
    • 4 I'll find out.
    • 5 He made it up.
    • 6 I'll catch up with you.
    • 7 He's missing her.
    • 8 He was fired.
    • f Vymyslel si to.
    • e Nechám si to na sobě.
    • g Zjistím to.
    • a Chybí mu.
    • b Doženu vás.
    • d Rozešel se s ní.
    • g Nezdržím tě dlouho.
    • c Dostal vyhazov.

    Exercise 4

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    10 I usually go in/in/by car, but we met in/at/on the bus.
    2 How long will it ask/take/keep to get there? - About an hour.
    5 Did you get my e-mail? - Yes, but I haven't red/read/readed it yet.
    6 Could you take/get/pick me up at the airport tomorrow?
    8 They took in/off/out a loan to buy a car.
    7 Come out/on/at. Hurry up! We'll be late.
    9 I'm sorry of/at/about that. I did it by/on/of mistake.
    4 He wasn't supposed to know. You couldn't/shouldn't/wouldn't have told him.
    3 Jane and Bob prepared it himself/themselves/ourselves.
    1 Most from/of/in them didn't know.

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte členy, some nebo any, kde třeba.

    13 Take meat out of bag and put it in fridge.
    10 USA and Canada are almost same size.
    6 Can you give me hand? - I don't have time for that.
    8 I saw it on TV yesterday when I was watching news.
    5 Have wine! - Thanks, I don't drink alcohol.
    4 I bought new car. - What did you do with old one?
    2 Are there other ways? I can't think of .
    9 Would you like more cake? - Yes. I haven't had yet.
    14 I had busy day at work. I'm going to bed.
    1 Is there place where we could have dinner?
    11 A boy from US met girl from Europe.
    12 He's American who makes lot of money.
    7 I had accident when driving to work this morning.
    3 Can you lend me money? - I don't have money.

    Exercise 6

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    • Doplňte překlady vět.

    1 Chystám se k odchodu. I'm to leave.
    3 Je mi to jedno. I don't (about it).
    11 To jídlo se může zkazit. The food may bad.
    2 Byli jsme okradeni. We were .
    9 Neměl bys mu o tom říkat. You tell him.
    12 Počkám, až přijde. I'll wait him to come.
    10 Lepší by bylo počkat. It better to wait.
    14 Co tím myslíte? What do you by that?
    13 Bude to hotovo do pátku. It'll be finished Friday.
    5 Doufám, že ne. I hope .
    6 Kolik peněz tam je? How money is there?
    4 Budete muset počkat. You'll wait.
    7 Kolikrát jsi to už viděl? How many have you seen it?
    8 Pokud vím... As as I know ...

    Exercise 7

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    • Spojte související výroky.

    • 1 He had a house built ...
    • 2 I'll tell her about it ...
    • 3 I've been learning English ...
    • 4 I tried to call him ...
    • 5 We had to wait ...
    • 6 I'm really sorry about ...
    • 7 I had a car accident ...
    • 8 He was fined 500 dollars ...
    • a for about two years now.
    • h although she shouldn't know.
    • d but it wasn't my fault.
    • g until they came back.
    • b what happened to her.
    • f which made him angry.
    • c but he sold it soon after.
    • e but he isn't answering the phone.

    Exercise 8

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    6 I'm feeling unwell. I'll have to see/meet/reach a doctor.
    12 I met her in/on/at the bus although I usually go on/in/by car.
    5 Are you hungry? - Not right/really/hardly. But I'm thirsty.
    7 Don't give up. You must stay/keep/last trying.
    2 What's up, man? Long time no sea/see/say. How've you been?
    9 There will be no meeting. It was called out/away/off.
    13 We didn't meet on/at/by chance. We agreed to meet/meeting/met.
    4 I'm trying! - I know but you must try stronger/harder/heavier!
    3 He's a year younger, but he's a head longer/taller/higher than me.
    1 Are you looking forward to it? - Yes, I can't stay/afford/wait to see it.
    10 I sent it at/to/in his e-mail address at/on/by accident.
    8 I'm in a hurry. I must catch/reach/have the bus.
    11 I came at/across/about an interesting article.

    Předložka by také znamená kolem, vedle (o pohybu). Např.: A police car went by. - Kolem projelo policejní auto. Stop by je hovorově stavit se (za někým).

    Exercise 9

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    • Doplňte druhou větu tak, aby měla opačný význam.

    12 She calmed him down. - She made him .
    1 I have to work tomorrow. - I'm taking a day tomorrow.
    2 He's found a job. - He was .
    6 You can get there by car. - You have to there.
    9 It cost at least 300. - It cost at 300.
    11 It's getting better. - It's getting .
    13 They helped me do it. - I did it .
    5 You must take off your glasses. - You must put your glasses.
    7 The computer is still on. - The computer is .
    3 She needn't know about it. - She know about it.
    8 Don't bring him with you. - Feel to bring him with you.
    10 I like both beer and wine. - I like beer wine.
    14 What time do you go to bed? - What time do you up?
    4 I threw it away. - I it.
    15 He does hardly any work. - He works really .

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte správné tvary slovesa v nápovědě.

    5 The house was sell for 20.000.
    9 I give it to him and I think he keep it.
    1 Where be you last night?
    3 I've bring some wine.
    8 He have an accident and was take to hospital.
    6 She was hit by a car.
    7 They meet years ago and become friends.
    2 I haven't see you for ages!
    4 He's speak to her.
    10 He be here a moment ago and he leave a message for you.

    Slovo left znamená též zbylý. Užívá se hlavně ve spojení be left - zbýt, zbývat. Např.: There's nothing left. - Nic nezbylo., I don't have much money left. - Už mi nezbývá moc peněz. ap.

    Exercise 11

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    • Doplňte správnou předložku.

    1 Only one 20 Americans don't have a car.
    5 We'll meet Christmas Eve at 7 p.m. my place.
    7 Who'll be looking the kids when she's gone?
    4 He'll be back ten minutes. You can wait him.
    10 What disease did he die ? It's not known.
    2 I'll see you Monday 4 p.m.
    9 Look these two. Is there any difference them?
    3 I'm too tired. I can't go .
    6 Don't worry that. I'll take care it.
    12 Thank you so much. It's so nice you.
    8 They spend all their money food and clothes.
    11 Do you have it you? - No, I left it work.

    Američané často jako výraz díků říkají: I appreciate it. - Vážím si toho., Oceňuji to. (appreciate əˈpriːʃɪˌeɪt - oceňovat, vážit si)

    Exercise 12

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    • Utvořte otázky. Ptejte se na zvýrazněná slova.

    9 He drank five beers.
    1 He left for work an hour ago.
    2 I've been waiting for an hour.
    3 Nobody else knows about it.
    8 I haven't sent it yet.
    6 I've known her for 2 years.
    10 I've been learning English for a year.
    7 It cost me over 500 dollars.
    4 I told Bob and Jane about it.
    5 We'll spend the weekend at the seaside.

    Exercise 13

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    • Doplňte překlady vět pomocí trpného rodu.

    4 Srazilo je nákladní auto. They by a truck.
    8 Článek napsala dívka. The article by a girl.
    10 Ví se o něm, že je bohatý. He to be rich.
    6 Tato auta se vyrábí v Japonsku. These cars in Japan.
    5 Postavili 3 nové domy. Three new houses .
    7 Toto slovo se často neužívá. This word often.
    2 Bude povýšena. She'll .
    1 Ukradli mu auto. His car .
    12 Našli ji o týden později. She a week later.
    3 Mohli by ho vyhodit z práce. He could .
    9 Vzali ho na vysokou. He to college.
    11 Viděli ji, jak odchází. She leaving.

    I'm flattered. ˈflætəd nebo též I feel flattered. je česky Jsem polichocen.

    Exercise 14

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu tvary slovesa do nebo make.

    9 These photos me want to go on holiday.
    2 I've a big mistake.
    8 I need to a phone call.
    1 Have you your homework?
    14 He it to her angry.
    10 Please your best. It's very important.
    15 it sense to you?
    13 This dress me look fat.
    4 How did you at school? Were you a good student?
    6 We can't without their help.
    3 Stop fun of me!
    5 I'm running late. I won't it in time.
    11 He a lot of money last year.
    7 They a lot of damage when they broke in.
    12 I only have 20 dollars. Will it ?

    Exercise 15

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    • Doplňte odpovědi pomocí slovesa z otázky.

    8 Did you understand him? - I only a few words.
    5 How long did you spend there? - We a week there.
    6 How many times did you try it? - I it at least five times.
    4 When did they send it? - They it last night.
    2 When did he lose his job? - He his job last year.
    7 Did you buy any wine? - No, I only food.
    1 Where did you go on holiday? - We to the seaside.
    10 Did you write down his name? - No, I his number.
    3 Did you get my message? - No, I no message.
    9 How did you feel when you found out? - I really bad.

    Exercise 16

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    • Doplňte správnou předložku.

    4 It's very hot. The temperature is 30 degrees.
    7 I'm tired listening to them. I'm leaving.
    9 It looks you are having a great time.
    2 We'll meet the airport.
    3 I'm leaving Paris tomorrow.
    11 It's not for kids. You must be 18 years old to buy it.
    1 Have you ever been the USA?
    12 We'are all very sorry her death.
    6 I got it Christmas a friend of mine.
    5 It's too hot inside. I'll wait the pub.
    8 She used to work a teacher.
    10 It was a secret meeting. They met closed doors.

    Spojení feel sorry for se užívá, když někoho litujete, be sorry for hlavně při omluvě za svůj čin ap., ale be sorry about se užije o situaci či něčem, co nastalo. Např.: I felt sorry for him. - Bylo mi ho líto., I'm sorry for disturbing you. - Promiňte, že vás ruším. ALE I'm sorry about that. - To mě mrzí. Sorry se může vázat i s infinitivem. Např.: We're sorry to inform you ... - S politováním vám oznamujeme...

    Exercise 17

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    • Napište věty, které uslyšíte. Neužívejte stažené tvary. (Pište celými slovy.)

    2
    10
    7
    8
    4
    3
    1
    9
    5
    6

    Exercise 18

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    • Spojte výroky, které mají opačný význam.

    • 1 He's jobless.
    • 2 He made her angry.
    • 3 He's in good health.
    • 4 I'm enjoying it.
    • 5 He died there.
    • 6 I don't care about her.
    • 7 I have two siblings.
    • 8 I'm really hungry.
    • f He calmed her down.
    • b I'm tired of it.
    • h He was born there.
    • g I'm crazy about her.
    • c I've eaten.
    • d I'm an only child.
    • e He's employed.
    • a He's seriously ill.

    Exercise 19

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    • Doplňte větu posunutou do minulého času s užitím časové souslednosti.

    8 He says he was there. - He said he there.
    5 I hope you'll come. - I hoped you come.
    6 She says she'll help us. - She said she help us.
    9 I don't know who did it. - I didn't know who it.
    4 I suppose you know that. - I supposed you that.
    7 I believe he forgot about it. - I believed he it.
    3 I'm sure they have it. - I was sure they it.
    1 I think she is there. - I thought she there.
    2 I'm afraid they're lost. - I was afraid they lost.
    10 I know what he's going to do. - I knew what he going to do.

    Exercise 20

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    • Přeložte. Použijte nápovědu.

    7 To bude ještě dražší.
    even
    3 Právě jsem to dodělal.
    just
    10 Zkus to ještě jednou.
    again; more
    9 Dám si ještě jedno pivo.
    more
    2 Už jsi to poslal?
    yet
    1 Díváme se právě na film.
    just
    6 Ještě jsem to nečetl.
    yet
    5 Neviděl jsem ho už měsíce.
    for months
    4 Už odešli.
    already
    8 Co ještě bych měl udělat?
    else

    Exercise 21

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    • Doplňte překlady pomocí frázových sloves.

    8 Letadlo už odstartovalo. The plane has off.
    9 Vydržte chvilku. Hold a minute.
    7 Mám pustit televizi? Shall I on the TV?
    10 Čti dál. on reading.
    5 Musím se přihlásit v hotelu. I must in at the hotel.
    11 Můžeme to odložit? Can we it off?
    6 Ceny domů vzrostly o... House prices up by ...
    3 Chtějí si užít (života). They want to it up.
    2 Měl by nechat kouření. He should up smoking.
    12 Došel mi benzín. I've out of petrol.
    13 Vyrazíme brzy ráno. We'll out early.
    4 Řekni mu, ať se uklidní. Tell him to down.
    14 (Dávej) pozor! Watch !
    1 Už jsem zjistil, kolik to stojí. I've out how much it costs.

    Frázové sloveso go for má několik významů. Jeden z nejběžnějších je vybrat si nebo rozhodnout se pro. Např.: I'd go for this one. - Já bych si vybral tento. Ve významu platit pro... se užívá go for stejně jako sloveso apply to əˈplaɪˌtuː. Např.: That goes for you too., That applies to you too. - To platí i pro tebe. ap.

    Jaywalking ˈdʒeɪˌwɔːkɪŋ je neukázněné přecházení silnice. Termín jaywalker ˈdʒeɪˌwɔːkə je neukázněný chodec (přecházející na červenou, mimo přechod ap.).

    Exercise 23

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    • Vyberte správné slovo podle výkladu.

    11 When you've done something many times and you have no problem doing it, you are used to/addicted to/interested in it.
    8 When you give someone food, you say: Welcome/Cheers/Help yourself.
    9 An old person who doesn't work anymore is wrapped/retired/admitted.
    5 To get a driving licence, you must first make/get/pass a driving test.
    2 When you get divorced/married/bored you become a husband and wife.
    1 When two people are not a couple any more, they break up/down/in.
    4 If you want to eat healthily, you should get/avoid/order junk food.
    10 The part of a street used for walking is called the jaywalk/sidewalk/walker.
    7 When someone takes your things away, you are broken/robbed/stolen.
    3 When a meeting is to take place later, it is put out/away/off.
    6 When you get well again after being ill, you have tired/recovered/fainted.

    Obrat to hail a taxi znamená zastavit si taxi (mávnutím). Podobně se užívá fráze wave down a taxi (wave weɪv - mávnout, zamávat).

    Exercise 24

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    • Doplňte překlady.

    13 Jeďte po této cestě. Go this road.
    14 Ať neodchází! Don't him go!
    3 To zní zajímavě. That interesting.
    7 Nejezdím po městě autem. I don't drive the city.
    5 Nechám to na vás. I'll it up to you.
    8 Odjíždím v pátek ráno. I'm leaving Friday morning.
    1 Zamilovala se do něho. She in love with him.
    2 Doufejme, že to vyjde. Let's hope it'll off.
    4 Mám (moc) rád italské jídlo. I'm of Italian food.
    6 Zvykl jsem si na to. I used to it.
    11 Mám raději čaj než kávu. I tea to coffee.
    12 Vyzvednu tě na letišti. I'll you up at the airport.
    10 Bude to stát spoustu peněz. It'll cost a of money.
    9 Byla okradena dvěma muži. She by two men.

    Ať v rozkazu lze také někdy přeložit pomocí obratu make sure (that) (ujisti se/zajisti, že...) Např.: Make sure you don't lose it. - Ať to neztratíš., Make sure he doesn't break it. - Ať to nerozbije. ap.

    Exercise 25

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    • Přeložte. Použijte nápovědu.

    6 Nechce se mi tam jít.
    feel like
    2 Dám vám vědět co nejdřív.
    as soon as
    10 Rádi bychom si objednali.
    order
    5 Co takhle si dát pivo?
    pint
    12 Neslyším vás.
    can
    9 Změnil jsem názor.
    mind
    1 Nevím, jak dlouho to potrvá.
    take
    11 Platím já! (pití ap.)
    buy
    8 To by bylo skvělé!
    great
    13 To nevadí.
    mind
    4 To je ale překvapení!
    surprise
    14 To rád slyším.
    glad
    7 Nejsem z toho zrovna nadšený.
    crazy
    3 Pokud vím, tak tady není.
    as far as

    Pozor na slovo frekventovaný při překladu do angličtiny! Ve významu častý je to frequent. Chcete-li ale říct, že je něco často navštěvované nebo je zde velký provoz, užije se frequented frɪˈkwεntɪd. Např.: frequented road - frekventovaná silnice.

    Exercise 26

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    • Přeložte.

    17 Jak dlouho už tady čekáte?
    4 Co se děje?
    6 Postarám se o to.
    2 Mám zpoždění.
    10 Nemusíte platit.
    18 Učím se anglicky už dva roky.
    8 Nesmíš to nikomu říct.
    20 Hodně štěstí!
    9 Co ještě potřebujete?
    3 Dlouho vás nezdržím.
    1 Máte pravdu.
    7 Nebudu moci přijít.
    12 Ještě nepřišel.
    16 Bydlím tady už deset let.
    19 Všechno nejlepší k narozeninám!
    13 Nechám to na vás.
    14 Kdybych to měl, dal bych ti to.
    15 Nikdy jsem v Londýně nebyl.
    11 Musel jsem tam jít.
    5 Nevěděl jsem o tom.

    Sidewalk je americký termín. V Británii pro chodník užívají pavement ˈpeɪvmənt! V americké angličtině je ale pavement zpevněná vozovka (asfaltovaný povrch ap.).

    Připoutat se (v autě ap.) se hlavně v americké angličtině hovorově řekne buckle up ˈbʌkəlˌʌp. Např.: Buckle up! - Připoutej(te) se!

    Pozor! Slovo police se v angličtině chová jako podstatné jméno v množném čísle, tedy: The police are ..., The police have ... ap.! Např. The police are after him. - Jde po něm policie., Police say that ... - Policie říká, že...