Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Přeložte.

    14 We had the house built.
    17 I'm looking forward to that.
    9 What was I supposed to do?
    10 Can you give me a lift?
    18 I've been taking driving lessons.
    2 I don't get it.
    11 I'll do my best.
    15 Have you done it yet?
    16 I'll do it asap.
    1 How've you been?
    5 He has no sense of humour.
    4 They differ in many ways.
    8 He's to come too.
    19 I was fined for speeding.
    3 It's getting worse.
    7 He's known her for years.
    6 It made him angry.
    12 I'd love to, but I can't.
    13 Have we met (before)?

    Speeding spiːdɪŋ je překročení povolené rychlosti (speed - rychlost). Speeding ticket je pokuta za rychlost. Např.: He got a speeding ticket. - Dostal pokutu za rychlost.

    Exercise 2

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    • Poslechněte si nahrávku a určete, zda je tvrzení pravdivé (true), nebo nepravdivé (false).

    5 New Yorkers are known to walk a lot around the city.
    3 They usually don't leave a tip in British pubs.
    4 Americans mostly buy cars made in the US.
    7 Some 5 million people travel on the tube every day in London.
    1 Bob was fined 400 dollars for driving too fast.
    2 John had an accident, but it wasn't his fault.
    8 The number of yellow cabs in New York is about 13.5 thousand.
    6 Both the British and Americans like to use trains.

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte odpovídající výroky.

    • 1 I'll keep it on.
    • 2 I won't keep you long.
    • 3 He broke up with her.
    • 4 I'll find out.
    • 5 He made it up.
    • 6 I'll catch up with you.
    • 7 He's missing her.
    • 8 He was fired.
    • a Chybí mu.
    • c Dostal vyhazov.
    • e Nechám si to na sobě.
    • f Vymyslel si to.
    • d Rozešel se s ní.
    • g Zjistím to.
    • b Doženu vás.
    • g Nezdržím tě dlouho.

    Exercise 4

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    10 I usually go in/in/by car, but we met in/at/on the bus.
    7 Come out/on/at. Hurry up! We'll be late.
    4 He wasn't supposed to know. You couldn't/shouldn't/wouldn't have told him.
    2 How long will it ask/take/keep to get there? - About an hour.
    9 I'm sorry of/at/about that. I did it by/on/of mistake.
    8 They took in/off/out a loan to buy a car.
    5 Did you get my e-mail? - Yes, but I haven't red/read/readed it yet.
    3 Jane and Bob prepared it himself/themselves/ourselves.
    1 Most from/of/in them didn't know.
    6 Could you take/get/pick me up at the airport tomorrow?

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte členy, some nebo any, kde třeba.

    1 Is there place where we could have dinner?
    12 He's American who makes lot of money.
    3 Can you lend me money? - I don't have money.
    8 I saw it on TV yesterday when I was watching news.
    9 Would you like more cake? - Yes. I haven't had yet.
    4 I bought new car. - What did you do with old one?
    2 Are there other ways? I can't think of .
    6 Can you give me hand? - I don't have time for that.
    5 Have wine! - Thanks, I don't drink alcohol.
    10 USA and Canada are almost same size.
    13 Take meat out of bag and put it in fridge.
    7 I had accident when driving to work this morning.
    11 A boy from US met girl from Europe.
    14 I had busy day at work. I'm going to bed.

    Exercise 6

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    • Doplňte překlady vět.

    6 Kolik peněz tam je? How money is there?
    4 Budete muset počkat. You'll wait.
    12 Počkám, až přijde. I'll wait him to come.
    2 Byli jsme okradeni. We were .
    11 To jídlo se může zkazit. The food may bad.
    13 Bude to hotovo do pátku. It'll be finished Friday.
    8 Pokud vím... As as I know ...
    10 Lepší by bylo počkat. It better to wait.
    3 Je mi to jedno. I don't (about it).
    7 Kolikrát jsi to už viděl? How many have you seen it?
    1 Chystám se k odchodu. I'm to leave.
    5 Doufám, že ne. I hope .
    14 Co tím myslíte? What do you by that?
    9 Neměl bys mu o tom říkat. You tell him.

    Exercise 7

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    • Spojte související výroky.

    • 1 He had a house built ...
    • 2 I'll tell her about it ...
    • 3 I've been learning English ...
    • 4 I tried to call him ...
    • 5 We had to wait ...
    • 6 I'm really sorry about ...
    • 7 I had a car accident ...
    • 8 He was fined 500 dollars ...
    • g until they came back.
    • f which made him angry.
    • d but it wasn't my fault.
    • c but he sold it soon after.
    • b what happened to her.
    • e but he isn't answering the phone.
    • a for about two years now.
    • h although she shouldn't know.

    Exercise 8

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    10 I sent it at/to/in his e-mail address at/on/by accident.
    11 I came at/across/about an interesting article.
    13 We didn't meet on/at/by chance. We agreed to meet/meeting/met.
    12 I met her in/on/at the bus although I usually go on/in/by car.
    4 I'm trying! - I know but you must try stronger/harder/heavier!
    2 What's up, man? Long time no sea/see/say. How've you been?
    6 I'm feeling unwell. I'll have to see/meet/reach a doctor.
    8 I'm in a hurry. I must catch/reach/have the bus.
    5 Are you hungry? - Not right/really/hardly. But I'm thirsty.
    7 Don't give up. You must stay/keep/last trying.
    9 There will be no meeting. It was called out/away/off.
    3 He's a year younger, but he's a head longer/taller/higher than me.
    1 Are you looking forward to it? - Yes, I can't stay/afford/wait to see it.

    Předložka by také znamená kolem, vedle (o pohybu). Např.: A police car went by. - Kolem projelo policejní auto. Stop by je hovorově stavit se (za někým).

    Exercise 9

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    • Doplňte druhou větu tak, aby měla opačný význam.

    10 I like both beer and wine. - I like beer wine.
    13 They helped me do it. - I did it .
    12 She calmed him down. - She made him .
    3 She needn't know about it. - She know about it.
    14 What time do you go to bed? - What time do you up?
    7 The computer is still on. - The computer is .
    4 I threw it away. - I it.
    2 He's found a job. - He was .
    9 It cost at least 300. - It cost at 300.
    8 Don't bring him with you. - Feel to bring him with you.
    5 You must take off your glasses. - You must put your glasses.
    1 I have to work tomorrow. - I'm taking a day tomorrow.
    6 You can get there by car. - You have to there.
    11 It's getting better. - It's getting .
    15 He does hardly any work. - He works really .

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte správné tvary slovesa v nápovědě.

    2 I haven't see you for ages!
    8 He have an accident and was take to hospital.
    9 I give it to him and I think he keep it.
    10 He be here a moment ago and he leave a message for you.
    1 Where be you last night?
    5 The house was sell for 20.000.
    3 I've bring some wine.
    7 They meet years ago and become friends.
    4 He's speak to her.
    6 She was hit by a car.

    Slovo left znamená též zbylý. Užívá se hlavně ve spojení be left - zbýt, zbývat. Např.: There's nothing left. - Nic nezbylo., I don't have much money left. - Už mi nezbývá moc peněz. ap.

    Exercise 11

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    • Doplňte správnou předložku.

    11 Do you have it you? - No, I left it work.
    4 He'll be back ten minutes. You can wait him.
    3 I'm too tired. I can't go .
    2 I'll see you Monday 4 p.m.
    8 They spend all their money food and clothes.
    5 We'll meet Christmas Eve at 7 p.m. my place.
    10 What disease did he die ? It's not known.
    6 Don't worry that. I'll take care it.
    7 Who'll be looking the kids when she's gone?
    1 Only one 20 Americans don't have a car.
    12 Thank you so much. It's so nice you.
    9 Look these two. Is there any difference them?

    Američané často jako výraz díků říkají: I appreciate it. - Vážím si toho., Oceňuji to. (appreciate əˈpriːʃɪˌeɪt - oceňovat, vážit si)

    Exercise 12

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    • Utvořte otázky. Ptejte se na zvýrazněná slova.

    7 It cost me over 500 dollars.
    5 We'll spend the weekend at the seaside.
    6 I've known her for 2 years.
    8 I haven't sent it yet.
    1 He left for work an hour ago.
    3 Nobody else knows about it.
    9 He drank five beers.
    4 I told Bob and Jane about it.
    2 I've been waiting for an hour.
    10 I've been learning English for a year.

    Exercise 13

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    • Doplňte překlady vět pomocí trpného rodu.

    9 Vzali ho na vysokou. He to college.
    5 Postavili 3 nové domy. Three new houses .
    1 Ukradli mu auto. His car .
    4 Srazilo je nákladní auto. They by a truck.
    11 Viděli ji, jak odchází. She leaving.
    6 Tato auta se vyrábí v Japonsku. These cars in Japan.
    10 Ví se o něm, že je bohatý. He to be rich.
    7 Toto slovo se často neužívá. This word often.
    3 Mohli by ho vyhodit z práce. He could .
    12 Našli ji o týden později. She a week later.
    8 Článek napsala dívka. The article by a girl.
    2 Bude povýšena. She'll .

    I'm flattered. ˈflætəd nebo též I feel flattered. je česky Jsem polichocen.

    Exercise 14

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu tvary slovesa do nebo make.

    2 I've a big mistake.
    14 He it to her angry.
    13 This dress me look fat.
    1 Have you your homework?
    12 I only have 20 dollars. Will it ?
    10 Please your best. It's very important.
    6 We can't without their help.
    8 I need to a phone call.
    15 it sense to you?
    7 They a lot of damage when they broke in.
    5 I'm running late. I won't it in time.
    3 Stop fun of me!
    9 These photos me want to go on holiday.
    4 How did you at school? Were you a good student?
    11 He a lot of money last year.

    Exercise 15

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    • Doplňte odpovědi pomocí slovesa z otázky.

    2 When did he lose his job? - He his job last year.
    4 When did they send it? - They it last night.
    7 Did you buy any wine? - No, I only food.
    3 Did you get my message? - No, I no message.
    9 How did you feel when you found out? - I really bad.
    6 How many times did you try it? - I it at least five times.
    5 How long did you spend there? - We a week there.
    1 Where did you go on holiday? - We to the seaside.
    8 Did you understand him? - I only a few words.
    10 Did you write down his name? - No, I his number.

    Exercise 16

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    • Doplňte správnou předložku.

    3 I'm leaving Paris tomorrow.
    8 She used to work a teacher.
    1 Have you ever been the USA?
    7 I'm tired listening to them. I'm leaving.
    2 We'll meet the airport.
    4 It's very hot. The temperature is 30 degrees.
    9 It looks you are having a great time.
    10 It was a secret meeting. They met closed doors.
    11 It's not for kids. You must be 18 years old to buy it.
    12 We'are all very sorry her death.
    6 I got it Christmas a friend of mine.
    5 It's too hot inside. I'll wait the pub.

    Spojení feel sorry for se užívá, když někoho litujete, be sorry for hlavně při omluvě za svůj čin ap., ale be sorry about se užije o situaci či něčem, co nastalo. Např.: I felt sorry for him. - Bylo mi ho líto., I'm sorry for disturbing you. - Promiňte, že vás ruším. ALE I'm sorry about that. - To mě mrzí. Sorry se může vázat i s infinitivem. Např.: We're sorry to inform you ... - S politováním vám oznamujeme...

    Exercise 17

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    • Napište věty, které uslyšíte. Neužívejte stažené tvary. (Pište celými slovy.)

    9
    2
    6
    7
    10
    5
    3
    1
    8
    4

    Exercise 18

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    • Spojte výroky, které mají opačný význam.

    • 1 He's jobless.
    • 2 He made her angry.
    • 3 He's in good health.
    • 4 I'm enjoying it.
    • 5 He died there.
    • 6 I don't care about her.
    • 7 I have two siblings.
    • 8 I'm really hungry.
    • f He calmed her down.
    • h He was born there.
    • g I'm crazy about her.
    • c I've eaten.
    • b I'm tired of it.
    • e He's employed.
    • a He's seriously ill.
    • d I'm an only child.

    Exercise 19

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    • Doplňte větu posunutou do minulého času s užitím časové souslednosti.

    9 I don't know who did it. - I didn't know who it.
    7 I believe he forgot about it. - I believed he it.
    3 I'm sure they have it. - I was sure they it.
    8 He says he was there. - He said he there.
    10 I know what he's going to do. - I knew what he going to do.
    6 She says she'll help us. - She said she help us.
    4 I suppose you know that. - I supposed you that.
    5 I hope you'll come. - I hoped you come.
    1 I think she is there. - I thought she there.
    2 I'm afraid they're lost. - I was afraid they lost.

    Exercise 20

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    • Přeložte. Použijte nápovědu.

    10 Zkus to ještě jednou.
    again; more
    3 Právě jsem to dodělal.
    just
    5 Neviděl jsem ho už měsíce.
    for months
    7 To bude ještě dražší.
    even
    6 Ještě jsem to nečetl.
    yet
    2 Už jsi to poslal?
    yet
    8 Co ještě bych měl udělat?
    else
    9 Dám si ještě jedno pivo.
    more
    1 Díváme se právě na film.
    just
    4 Už odešli.
    already

    Exercise 21

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    • Doplňte překlady pomocí frázových sloves.

    8 Letadlo už odstartovalo. The plane has off.
    11 Můžeme to odložit? Can we it off?
    12 Došel mi benzín. I've out of petrol.
    6 Ceny domů vzrostly o... House prices up by ...
    13 Vyrazíme brzy ráno. We'll out early.
    1 Už jsem zjistil, kolik to stojí. I've out how much it costs.
    2 Měl by nechat kouření. He should up smoking.
    10 Čti dál. on reading.
    7 Mám pustit televizi? Shall I on the TV?
    3 Chtějí si užít (života). They want to it up.
    14 (Dávej) pozor! Watch !
    9 Vydržte chvilku. Hold a minute.
    5 Musím se přihlásit v hotelu. I must in at the hotel.
    4 Řekni mu, ať se uklidní. Tell him to down.

    Frázové sloveso go for má několik významů. Jeden z nejběžnějších je vybrat si nebo rozhodnout se pro. Např.: I'd go for this one. - Já bych si vybral tento. Ve významu platit pro... se užívá go for stejně jako sloveso apply to əˈplaɪˌtuː. Např.: That goes for you too., That applies to you too. - To platí i pro tebe. ap.

    Jaywalking ˈdʒeɪˌwɔːkɪŋ je neukázněné přecházení silnice. Termín jaywalker ˈdʒeɪˌwɔːkə je neukázněný chodec (přecházející na červenou, mimo přechod ap.).

    Exercise 23

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    • Vyberte správné slovo podle výkladu.

    9 An old person who doesn't work anymore is wrapped/retired/admitted.
    4 If you want to eat healthily, you should get/avoid/order junk food.
    11 When you've done something many times and you have no problem doing it, you are used to/addicted to/interested in it.
    5 To get a driving licence, you must first make/get/pass a driving test.
    1 When two people are not a couple any more, they break up/down/in.
    8 When you give someone food, you say: Welcome/Cheers/Help yourself.
    10 The part of a street used for walking is called the jaywalk/sidewalk/walker.
    7 When someone takes your things away, you are broken/robbed/stolen.
    2 When you get divorced/married/bored you become a husband and wife.
    3 When a meeting is to take place later, it is put out/away/off.
    6 When you get well again after being ill, you have tired/recovered/fainted.

    Obrat to hail a taxi znamená zastavit si taxi (mávnutím). Podobně se užívá fráze wave down a taxi (wave weɪv - mávnout, zamávat).

    Exercise 24

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    • Doplňte překlady.

    9 Byla okradena dvěma muži. She by two men.
    6 Zvykl jsem si na to. I used to it.
    8 Odjíždím v pátek ráno. I'm leaving Friday morning.
    13 Jeďte po této cestě. Go this road.
    5 Nechám to na vás. I'll it up to you.
    3 To zní zajímavě. That interesting.
    10 Bude to stát spoustu peněz. It'll cost a of money.
    4 Mám (moc) rád italské jídlo. I'm of Italian food.
    14 Ať neodchází! Don't him go!
    1 Zamilovala se do něho. She in love with him.
    12 Vyzvednu tě na letišti. I'll you up at the airport.
    7 Nejezdím po městě autem. I don't drive the city.
    2 Doufejme, že to vyjde. Let's hope it'll off.
    11 Mám raději čaj než kávu. I tea to coffee.

    Ať v rozkazu lze také někdy přeložit pomocí obratu make sure (that) (ujisti se/zajisti, že...) Např.: Make sure you don't lose it. - Ať to neztratíš., Make sure he doesn't break it. - Ať to nerozbije. ap.

    Exercise 25

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    • Přeložte. Použijte nápovědu.

    7 Nejsem z toho zrovna nadšený.
    crazy
    14 To rád slyším.
    glad
    10 Rádi bychom si objednali.
    order
    4 To je ale překvapení!
    surprise
    5 Co takhle si dát pivo?
    pint
    3 Pokud vím, tak tady není.
    as far as
    13 To nevadí.
    mind
    11 Platím já! (pití ap.)
    buy
    6 Nechce se mi tam jít.
    feel like
    8 To by bylo skvělé!
    great
    2 Dám vám vědět co nejdřív.
    as soon as
    1 Nevím, jak dlouho to potrvá.
    take
    12 Neslyším vás.
    can
    9 Změnil jsem názor.
    mind

    Pozor na slovo frekventovaný při překladu do angličtiny! Ve významu častý je to frequent. Chcete-li ale říct, že je něco často navštěvované nebo je zde velký provoz, užije se frequented frɪˈkwεntɪd. Např.: frequented road - frekventovaná silnice.

    Exercise 26

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    • Přeložte.

    15 Nikdy jsem v Londýně nebyl.
    2 Mám zpoždění.
    16 Bydlím tady už deset let.
    19 Všechno nejlepší k narozeninám!
    20 Hodně štěstí!
    11 Musel jsem tam jít.
    17 Jak dlouho už tady čekáte?
    6 Postarám se o to.
    9 Co ještě potřebujete?
    1 Máte pravdu.
    8 Nesmíš to nikomu říct.
    4 Co se děje?
    14 Kdybych to měl, dal bych ti to.
    3 Dlouho vás nezdržím.
    10 Nemusíte platit.
    7 Nebudu moci přijít.
    12 Ještě nepřišel.
    13 Nechám to na vás.
    5 Nevěděl jsem o tom.
    18 Učím se anglicky už dva roky.

    Sidewalk je americký termín. V Británii pro chodník užívají pavement ˈpeɪvmənt! V americké angličtině je ale pavement zpevněná vozovka (asfaltovaný povrch ap.).

    Připoutat se (v autě ap.) se hlavně v americké angličtině hovorově řekne buckle up ˈbʌkəlˌʌp. Např.: Buckle up! - Připoutej(te) se!

    Pozor! Slovo police se v angličtině chová jako podstatné jméno v množném čísle, tedy: The police are ..., The police have ... ap.! Např. The police are after him. - Jde po něm policie., Police say that ... - Policie říká, že...