Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Čtěte nahlas a přeložte.

    11 How much is it?
    9 That's my sister's car.
    5 I'm not from here.
    6 Where are you from?
    17 You'll have to ask him.
    15 Can you help us?
    8 Are they waiting for me?
    2 What's your name?
    13 What will you do?
    1 He's a learner of English.
    12 That's not true!
    3 Let me introduce myself.
    7 Is there anybody here?
    14 Shall we go?
    19 I hope not.
    20 I have to go.
    18 Have some!
    10 There are many foreigners here.
    16 We can't wait.
    4 My name is ...

    Exercise 2

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    • Napište anglicky celými slovy číselné údaje.

    3 876.7
    8 17,999.5
    5 3.06
    1 45 children
    2 267 people
    7 2,568
    4 16.78
    10 14,064,559
    9 376,750
    6 86.05

    V angličtině lze vyslovovat vyšší číslovky i pomocí násobku celých stovek, a to i pro čísla nad 2000. Např. 1,200 - twelve hundred, 2,500 - twenty-five hundred ap. Místo slova number se před číslem často píše No. či no.

    Exercise 3

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    • Napište věty, které uslyšíte.

    9
    1
    6
    5
    12
    4
    10
    11
    3
    2
    7
    8

    Exercise 4

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    • Spojte výroky. Naučte se názvy zemí a pojmenování jejich příslušníků.

    • 1 John is English.
    • 2 Lucia is Spanish.
    • 3 Ivan is Russian.
    • 4 Helga and Kurt are German.
    • 5 Bob and Jane are American.
    • 6 Keiko is Japanese.
    • 7 Cheng is Chinese.
    • 8 Luis and Jean are French.
    • 9 Mark and Alison are Irish.
    • 10 Paolo and Valeria are Italian.
    • c They're from Germany.
    • j She's from Japan.
    • i They're from France.
    • b He's from China.
    • h He's from Russia.
    • a They're from Ireland.
    • e They're from Italy.
    • f She's from Spain.
    • d He's from England.
    • g They're from the USA.

    Další národnosti a státní příslušníky si můžete najít ve slovníku. Nestandardní jsou ale například: dánský - Danish ˈdeɪnɪʃ, ale Dán je Dane deɪn, španělský - Spanish spænɪʃ, ale Španěl je Spaniard ˈspænjəd. My ale už víme, že: “Je to Španěl.” lze říct jednoduše pomocí adjektiva: He's Spanish. Stačí si uvědomit, kdy užít anglické podstatné jméno a kdy adjektivum.

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu správná zájmena.

    8 Our kids are too young. We can't take with us.
    12 I need to speak with him. Tell him to call .
    3 Our dog is hungry. We must give some food.
    1 There's my brother. Go ask .
    11 We must know this. Please, let know.
    5 Here's your milk. Drink now!
    6 We aren't ready. Can you wait for ?
    10 Look. There's Bob's sister! No, that's not . She has dark hair.
    9 Can I speak to , John?
    7 Who's that boy? What's name?
    2 My sister is going out tonight. I'm going with .
    4 Call your parents and ask . They'll tell you.

    Need to se užívá i jako muset (nutnost plynoucí z okolností). Např.: You need to stop it. - Musíš toho nechat., You need to listen to me. - Musíš mě poslouchat.

    Exercise 6

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    • Uspořádejte slova do vět podle běžného anglického slovosledu.

    8 like - weather - is - what - the - today?
    7 back - will - we - be - about - six - at - p.m.
    2 long - it - take - will - how?
    5 will - I - it - tell - tomorrow - him - about.
    3 her - tell - about - don't - it!
    1 speak - to - need - I - you - to.
    6 your - do - homework - when - you - will?
    4 you - the - tonight - coming - party - to - are?

    Exercise 7

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    • Doplňte do věty vhodné tvary slovesa be v přítomném čase.

    8 Water good for you.
    11 How much money there? There 15 dollars.
    10 Why you laughing?
    12 It true! He lying!
    7 Our children too young for that.
    1 Peter, you coming to the party tonight?
    6 I not afraid of you.
    4 I must hurry. My children waiting for me.
    5 these books yours?
    3 What going on?
    9 I right? No, you wrong!
    2 There lots of children.

    Do you get the joke? - Rozumíte vtipu? (Můžete užít slovník.): I have 10 legs, 8 arms and 3 heads. What am I? - A liar!

    Exercise 8

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    • Doplňte podle nápovědy správné tvary přivlastňovacích zájmen.

    6 He can't call you. he phone isn't working.
    8 I phone isn't working. Can I use you ?
    3 There are many parents with they children.
    7 The kids are hungry. They want they food.
    5 Is that your dog? What's it name?
    9 He's a good friend of I .
    1 What's that girl's name? she name is Jane.
    10 We want something for we children.
    2 You can't have it. It isn't you .
    4 It'll be at our house, not they .

    Exercise 9

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    10 I'm making/doing/putting my best. It'll be ready in/at/on 30 minutes.
    9 Will you get/let/give me know?
    12 We'll meet in/at/on my place in/at/on 6 p.m.
    3 How much/many/little people will there be?
    8 Don't lie! Tell me the true/truth/right.
    2 Which/Who/What are you looking for? – I'm looking for you.
    14 Is it long/far/short from here?. No, you can walk there.
    13 Come for/to/on! We must hurry. We'll be late in/for/to school.
    4 My sister is six feet long/tall/big.
    1 How much/old/tall is your dad? – He's 43.
    7 There will be not/no/any foreigners.
    11 We're leaving/going/walking out tonight.
    5 What book are you watching/looking/reading?
    6 I'm looking/seeing/watching TV now.

    Jít pěšky lze anglicky říct prostě jen walk, nebo také go on foot (jít na noze).

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte do věty much nebo many.

    10 There are too cars.
    7 How friends are coming?
    4 There isn't milk here.
    5 That's too information.
    1 How money will you need?
    8 Hurry up. There isn't time.
    9 How is this car?
    2 There won't be people.
    6 How luggage have you got?
    3 They've got kids and very little time.

    Exercise 11

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    • Doplňte do věty záporné stažené tvary slovesa be v přítomném čase.

    2 She my sister.
    8 There many foreigners there.
    11 English phrases easy.
    6 This book mine.
    3 My brother here.
    10 Why you at school?
    9 There any money.
    7 We very happy.
    1 I ready.
    5 There any kids.
    4 His parents glad.

    Exercise 12

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    • Utvořte otázky. Ptejte se na zvýrazněná slova.

    5 They're playing a game.
    1 John is leaving tomorrow.
    6 We're going on holiday.
    3 Jane is still sleeping.
    11 My friends are having fun.
    8 Mark is visiting his friend.
    9 I'm watching a film on TV.
    10 I'm not listening to you.
    2 He's reading a book.
    7 Jane and Bob are coming.
    4 I'm writing an e-mail.
    12 We're going out tonight.

    Exercise 13

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    • Doplňte určité a neurčité členy, kde jsou třeba.

    2 Bob is American. He has house in USA.
    4 The Thames is river in Britain.
    1 Jane is nice girl. She's British.
    8 She's good friend of mine.
    6 Can I have little water?
    5 There's lot of water in sea.
    3 British are nice people.
    7 There are ten cats in house.
    9 Jean is French. He's French student.
    10 My friends are Irish. They're from Ireland.
    11 I'll take taxi to work.

    Taxík (taxi) se též nazývá cab kæb, což je původní název pro drožku. Metro v britské angličtině je the underground ˈʌndəˌgraʊnd (podzemka) a londýnskému metru se říká the tube tjuːb. Let's take the tube. tedy v Londýně znamená “Pojedeme metrem.” V USA říkají metru subway ˈsʌbˌweɪ, ale v Británii je subway podchod!

    Exercise 14

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    • Spojte otázky a reakce.

    • 1 Am I disturbing you?
    • 2 What time will you be back?
    • 3 Shall we walk?
    • 4 Who are you looking for?
    • 5 Are you going on holiday?
    • 6 Is he American?
    • 7 How long will it take?
    • 8 What will you drink?
    • h At about half past six.
    • d No, come in!
    • e No, I think he's British.
    • c It'll be ready tomorrow.
    • f I need to speak to Mr Brown.
    • b Yes, we're going to the seaside.
    • a No, we'll take a taxi.
    • g I'll leave that to you.

    Zapamatujte si užitečný obrat: I'll leave that to you. - To nechám na vás. Podobně: Leave that to me. - Nech(te) to na mě.

    Exercise 15

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    • Doplňte some, nebo any.

    3 Are there kids here?
    1 We need time.
    10 Can he speak foreign languages?
    2 Can I have water?
    9 I can't see children.
    6 We haven't got milk.
    7 Have you got pets?
    4 There aren't people.
    8 of them are students.
    5 Can you give me money?

    Exercise 16

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    • Převeďte věty z času přítomného do budoucího prostého.

    1 They are going on holiday.
    5 We are meeting at my place.
    4 I'm leaving in ten minutes.
    12 We must do it.
    8 When are we leaving?
    2 He isn't sleeping at home.
    3 My mum is making dinner.
    9 What are you doing?
    6 He's not afraid.
    10 Who's coming?
    7 We aren't at home.
    11 I can't come.

    Exercise 17

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    • Řekněte anglicky. Použijte nápovědu.

    12 Dám mu vědět. let know
    4 Pomůžeš mi? help
    15 Já nespím! sleep
    13 Kolik je hodin? what time
    9 Kde se sejdeme? meet
    10 Jsou tam nějaké děti? any
    2 Učím se anglicky. learn
    8 Je něco k jídlu? anything to eat
    14 Kdy přijedou? arrive
    7 Je málo času. little
    3 Neumím anglicky. speak
    1 Angličtina je snadná. easy
    6 Kdy odjíždíš? leave
    11 Nejsou tam žádní lidé. no
    5 Posloucháš mě? listen

    Spát je anglicky to sleep, ale běžně lze užít i obrat be asleep əˈsliːp. Lze říct: He's sleeping., nebo He's asleep., Are you sleeping? nebo Are you asleep?

    Exercise 18

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    • Spojte související výroky.

    • 1 Grass in spring is
    • 2 Bananas are
    • 3 Chocolate is
    • 4 The sky at night is
    • 5 Good tomatoes are
    • 6 The sea is
    • 7 Oranges are
    • 8 Snow is
    • a brown.
    • h black.
    • e yellow.
    • d orange.
    • f green.
    • g blue.
    • b white.
    • c red.

    Exercise 19

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    • Doplňte slovo opačného významu.

    5 His English is very good, but mine is .
    6 She's sad and he's .
    1 English is easy, but Japanese is .
    7 There will be many men but only women.
    4 Now we are young, but we'll be too.
    3 I'm cold and she's . I'm tall and she's .
    8 There's too much work and too time.
    2 My brother is little and I am .

    Exercise 20

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    • Vyberte správnou předložku.

    11 It isn't far of/from/to here. We'll be there at/in/to time.
    1 Look at/on/to him. He's afraid at/to/of you.
    7 Don't call me in/at/on night.
    12 She'll be here in/at/to five p.m. I'll speak on/to/at her.
    10 We go there on/to/at weekends.
    8 Where is he to/for/from?
    5 It's half to/past/at six. I'm going to/at/for work.
    2 She'll be back in/for/on an hour.
    4 What are you doing in/at/on Monday?
    9 I'll call you on/at/in the morning.
    6 That's the house at/of/to my parents.
    3 We'll meet in/at/on my place in/at/on the evening.

    Speak se pojí s předložkou to nebo with (mluvit s někým). Speak to obecně naznačuje spíše snahu o jednostrannou komunikaci (mluvit k někomu, z pozice autority ap.). Např.: I'll speak to him. - Promluvím (si) s ním. (domluvím mu ap.). Speak with naznačuje hlavně dialog. Např.: I'll speak with him. - Budu s ním mluvit.

    Exercise 21

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu správné tvary sloves.

    12 We'll go shop tomorrow.
    6 Who know about it? I let you know.
    3 My brother speak four languages.
    11 I want see it. Can you show it to me?
    13 Mark enjoy his work.
    4 We're just work on it. It be ready soon.
    1 A man is wait there for you.
    5 My mum have no time.
    8 They not be now. They be back soon.
    2 Why are you sit here?
    9 Stop it! It's get on my nerves.
    7 How are you feel ?
    10 What are you read ? My dad read a lot.

    České sloveso bavit (co, koho) lze často přeložit anglickým enjoy (těšit se z něčeho, užívat si něco) nebo like (mít rád, líbit se). Je však třeba mít na paměti, že proti češtině dochází u těchto sloves k obrácení podmětu a přísudku! Tedy ne, že něco baví někoho, ale někdo má rád / užívá si něco. Např.: “Baví mě to.” - I enjoy it. ap. Když něco někoho už nebaví, většinou se užije obratu be tired of ..., tedy, že už je někdo z něčeho unavený. Např.: “Už mě to nebaví.” - I'm tired of it.

    Exercise 22

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    • Doplňte překlady vět.

    9 Uděláš to pro mě? you do it for me?
    15 Dnes večer jdeme někam ven. We're going out .
    12 Jak je vysoký? How is he?
    2 Odjíždíme za 2 dny. We're in two days.
    14 Mohu se tě na něco zeptat? May I you something?
    7 Vypadá to na déšť. It looks rain.
    18 Užij(te) si to tam! your stay!
    4 Jane o tom ví. Jane about it.
    5 Kolik je ti let? How are you?
    8 Neříkej mu to, prosím! Please tell him!
    10 V kolik hodin přijdeš? What will you come?
    16 Přidáte se k nám? Will you us?
    6 Promiňte, že jdu pozdě. Sorry, I'm .
    11 Udělám, co budu moci. I'll do my .
    13 Mohu dál? - Samozřejmě! Can I in? - Of  !
    1 Odkud jste? Where are you ?
    17 Bydlím v hotelu. I'm in a hotel.
    3 Bob má spoustu přátel. Bob a lot of friends.

    Všimněte si, jak logicky jsou tvořena slovíčka: something - some+thing (nějaká věc - něco), nothing - no+thing (žádná věc - nic), everything - every+thing (každá věc - všechno) a anything - any+thing (jakákoli věc - cokoli). Podobně fungují slova somebody (někdo), nobody (nikdo), everybody (každý) a anybody (kdokoli). Snadno se tak naučíte hned několik užitečných slov.

    Exercise 23

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    • Doplňte vhodná slova.

    6 He isn't here now. We will to wait for him.
    12 on! Hurry . You'll be late school again!
    2 How is she? – She's 35.
    9 Can I with you? – No, you'll stay here.
    3 What are the kids doing? – They're some games.
    4 are you? – I'm fine. Thanks.
    13 Shall we go bus or car? – We'll a taxi.
    10 Sorry, I have no time. I'm very now.
    8 He's ! – No, he's wrong!
    7 We're waiting you! You are again.
    1 I'm not afraid him. He's my friend.
    5 What's the like? – It's raining again.
    14 I'm leaving for London. – Have a safe !
    11 I'll be back soon. Will you for me?

    Ke slovesu leave (odejít či odjet kam) se váže předložka for, ne to, jak by si Čech mohl myslet! Leave v podstatě říká, že někdo opouští jedno místo pro jiné. Např.: I'm leaving Prague for London. - “Odjíždím z Prahy do Londýna.” Pokud po leave následuje to, je to spíše částice uvozující infinitiv, který vyjadřuje účel. Např.: He's leaving Prague to work in New York. - Odjíždí z Prahy pracovat do New Yorku.

    Exercise 24

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    • Řekněte anglicky.

    18 Je mi horko.
    9 Chci navštívit přítele v Londýně.
    17 Budete muset počkat.
    1 Kam jedeš na dovolenou?
    10 Jsem Čech.
    11 Půjdeme?
    4 Bydlíme v hotelu.
    5 Zdržíme se tři dny.
    15 Jak dlouho to potrvá?
    14 Co si dáte? (k jídlu ap.)
    7 Čekáte na někoho?
    13 Bude to stačit?
    2 Nečekejte na mne.
    8 Přijdeš?
    19 Vstupte!; Dále!
    3 Dejte se druhou ulicí vlevo.
    20 Šťastnou cestu!
    16 Nejsem připravený.
    6 Vezmeme si taxi.
    12 Požádám ho o pomoc.

    Sloveso may meɪ znamená “smět”, ale užívá se také k vyjádření potenciální možnosti či nejistoty (možná, snad ap.). Např.: You may be right. - “Možná máš pravdu”, We may go to ... - “Mohli bychom třeba jít do...”, I may be back soon. - “Možná budu brzy zpět.” ap. Více viz tvary might a may v Lekci 14.