Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Čtěte nahlas a přeložte.

    6 Where are you from?
    13 What will you do?
    5 I'm not from here.
    16 We can't wait.
    15 Can you help us?
    17 You'll have to ask him.
    8 Are they waiting for me?
    2 What's your name?
    4 My name is ...
    11 How much is it?
    12 That's not true!
    19 I hope not.
    10 There are many foreigners here.
    1 He's a learner of English.
    20 I have to go.
    18 Have some!
    14 Shall we go?
    3 Let me introduce myself.
    7 Is there anybody here?
    9 That's my sister's car.

    Exercise 2

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    • Napište anglicky celými slovy číselné údaje.

    7 2,568
    6 86.05
    9 376,750
    3 876.7
    2 267 people
    4 16.78
    5 3.06
    8 17,999.5
    1 45 children
    10 14,064,559

    V angličtině lze vyslovovat vyšší číslovky i pomocí násobku celých stovek, a to i pro čísla nad 2000. Např. 1,200 - twelve hundred, 2,500 - twenty-five hundred ap. Místo slova number se před číslem často píše No. či no.

    Exercise 3

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    • Napište věty, které uslyšíte.

    11
    5
    1
    9
    8
    12
    4
    3
    6
    7
    10
    2

    Exercise 4

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    • Spojte výroky. Naučte se názvy zemí a pojmenování jejich příslušníků.

    • 1 John is English.
    • 2 Lucia is Spanish.
    • 3 Ivan is Russian.
    • 4 Helga and Kurt are German.
    • 5 Bob and Jane are American.
    • 6 Keiko is Japanese.
    • 7 Cheng is Chinese.
    • 8 Luis and Jean are French.
    • 9 Mark and Alison are Irish.
    • 10 Paolo and Valeria are Italian.
    • b He's from China.
    • a They're from Ireland.
    • g They're from the USA.
    • d He's from England.
    • j She's from Japan.
    • h He's from Russia.
    • f She's from Spain.
    • e They're from Italy.
    • i They're from France.
    • c They're from Germany.

    Další národnosti a státní příslušníky si můžete najít ve slovníku. Nestandardní jsou ale například: dánský - Danish ˈdeɪnɪʃ, ale Dán je Dane deɪn, španělský - Spanish spænɪʃ, ale Španěl je Spaniard ˈspænjəd. My ale už víme, že: “Je to Španěl.” lze říct jednoduše pomocí adjektiva: He's Spanish. Stačí si uvědomit, kdy užít anglické podstatné jméno a kdy adjektivum.

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu správná zájmena.

    1 There's my brother. Go ask .
    4 Call your parents and ask . They'll tell you.
    6 We aren't ready. Can you wait for ?
    12 I need to speak with him. Tell him to call .
    10 Look. There's Bob's sister! No, that's not . She has dark hair.
    9 Can I speak to , John?
    7 Who's that boy? What's name?
    5 Here's your milk. Drink now!
    2 My sister is going out tonight. I'm going with .
    3 Our dog is hungry. We must give some food.
    8 Our kids are too young. We can't take with us.
    11 We must know this. Please, let know.

    Need to se užívá i jako muset (nutnost plynoucí z okolností). Např.: You need to stop it. - Musíš toho nechat., You need to listen to me. - Musíš mě poslouchat.

    Exercise 6

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    • Uspořádejte slova do vět podle běžného anglického slovosledu.

    7 back - will - we - be - about - six - at - p.m.
    6 your - do - homework - when - you - will?
    5 will - I - it - tell - tomorrow - him - about.
    4 you - the - tonight - coming - party - to - are?
    2 long - it - take - will - how?
    3 her - tell - about - don't - it!
    1 speak - to - need - I - you - to.
    8 like - weather - is - what - the - today?

    Exercise 7

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    • Doplňte do věty vhodné tvary slovesa be v přítomném čase.

    10 Why you laughing?
    6 I not afraid of you.
    4 I must hurry. My children waiting for me.
    9 I right? No, you wrong!
    1 Peter, you coming to the party tonight?
    7 Our children too young for that.
    12 It true! He lying!
    3 What going on?
    8 Water good for you.
    11 How much money there? There 15 dollars.
    2 There lots of children.
    5 these books yours?

    Do you get the joke? - Rozumíte vtipu? (Můžete užít slovník.): I have 10 legs, 8 arms and 3 heads. What am I? - A liar!

    Exercise 8

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    • Doplňte podle nápovědy správné tvary přivlastňovacích zájmen.

    5 Is that your dog? What's it name?
    4 It'll be at our house, not they .
    6 He can't call you. he phone isn't working.
    8 I phone isn't working. Can I use you ?
    1 What's that girl's name? she name is Jane.
    10 We want something for we children.
    7 The kids are hungry. They want they food.
    3 There are many parents with they children.
    9 He's a good friend of I .
    2 You can't have it. It isn't you .

    Exercise 9

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    4 My sister is six feet long/tall/big.
    10 I'm making/doing/putting my best. It'll be ready in/at/on 30 minutes.
    1 How much/old/tall is your dad? – He's 43.
    7 There will be not/no/any foreigners.
    6 I'm looking/seeing/watching TV now.
    3 How much/many/little people will there be?
    8 Don't lie! Tell me the true/truth/right.
    13 Come for/to/on! We must hurry. We'll be late in/for/to school.
    14 Is it long/far/short from here?. No, you can walk there.
    5 What book are you watching/looking/reading?
    9 Will you get/let/give me know?
    2 Which/Who/What are you looking for? – I'm looking for you.
    12 We'll meet in/at/on my place in/at/on 6 p.m.
    11 We're leaving/going/walking out tonight.

    Jít pěšky lze anglicky říct prostě jen walk, nebo také go on foot (jít na noze).

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte do věty much nebo many.

    10 There are too cars.
    7 How friends are coming?
    6 How luggage have you got?
    8 Hurry up. There isn't time.
    1 How money will you need?
    3 They've got kids and very little time.
    9 How is this car?
    4 There isn't milk here.
    5 That's too information.
    2 There won't be people.

    Exercise 11

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    • Doplňte do věty záporné stažené tvary slovesa be v přítomném čase.

    4 His parents glad.
    8 There many foreigners there.
    5 There any kids.
    10 Why you at school?
    7 We very happy.
    11 English phrases easy.
    2 She my sister.
    3 My brother here.
    1 I ready.
    6 This book mine.
    9 There any money.

    Exercise 12

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    • Utvořte otázky. Ptejte se na zvýrazněná slova.

    3 Jane is still sleeping.
    8 Mark is visiting his friend.
    4 I'm writing an e-mail.
    5 They're playing a game.
    11 My friends are having fun.
    1 John is leaving tomorrow.
    12 We're going out tonight.
    9 I'm watching a film on TV.
    6 We're going on holiday.
    2 He's reading a book.
    7 Jane and Bob are coming.
    10 I'm not listening to you.

    Exercise 13

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    • Doplňte určité a neurčité členy, kde jsou třeba.

    5 There's lot of water in sea.
    11 I'll take taxi to work.
    1 Jane is nice girl. She's British.
    3 British are nice people.
    8 She's good friend of mine.
    2 Bob is American. He has house in USA.
    6 Can I have little water?
    4 The Thames is river in Britain.
    7 There are ten cats in house.
    9 Jean is French. He's French student.
    10 My friends are Irish. They're from Ireland.

    Taxík (taxi) se též nazývá cab kæb, což je původní název pro drožku. Metro v britské angličtině je the underground ˈʌndəˌgraʊnd (podzemka) a londýnskému metru se říká the tube tjuːb. Let's take the tube. tedy v Londýně znamená “Pojedeme metrem.” V USA říkají metru subway ˈsʌbˌweɪ, ale v Británii je subway podchod!

    Exercise 14

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    • Spojte otázky a reakce.

    • 1 Am I disturbing you?
    • 2 What time will you be back?
    • 3 Shall we walk?
    • 4 Who are you looking for?
    • 5 Are you going on holiday?
    • 6 Is he American?
    • 7 How long will it take?
    • 8 What will you drink?
    • c It'll be ready tomorrow.
    • d No, come in!
    • f I need to speak to Mr Brown.
    • g I'll leave that to you.
    • h At about half past six.
    • b Yes, we're going to the seaside.
    • a No, we'll take a taxi.
    • e No, I think he's British.

    Zapamatujte si užitečný obrat: I'll leave that to you. - To nechám na vás. Podobně: Leave that to me. - Nech(te) to na mě.

    Exercise 15

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    • Doplňte some, nebo any.

    7 Have you got pets?
    4 There aren't people.
    5 Can you give me money?
    8 of them are students.
    2 Can I have water?
    3 Are there kids here?
    1 We need time.
    9 I can't see children.
    10 Can he speak foreign languages?
    6 We haven't got milk.

    Exercise 16

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    • Převeďte věty z času přítomného do budoucího prostého.

    6 He's not afraid.
    4 I'm leaving in ten minutes.
    3 My mum is making dinner.
    10 Who's coming?
    8 When are we leaving?
    5 We are meeting at my place.
    12 We must do it.
    9 What are you doing?
    7 We aren't at home.
    11 I can't come.
    1 They are going on holiday.
    2 He isn't sleeping at home.

    Exercise 17

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    • Řekněte anglicky. Použijte nápovědu.

    10 Jsou tam nějaké děti? any
    9 Kde se sejdeme? meet
    7 Je málo času. little
    1 Angličtina je snadná. easy
    15 Já nespím! sleep
    12 Dám mu vědět. let know
    13 Kolik je hodin? what time
    4 Pomůžeš mi? help
    8 Je něco k jídlu? anything to eat
    2 Učím se anglicky. learn
    3 Neumím anglicky. speak
    6 Kdy odjíždíš? leave
    14 Kdy přijedou? arrive
    11 Nejsou tam žádní lidé. no
    5 Posloucháš mě? listen

    Spát je anglicky to sleep, ale běžně lze užít i obrat be asleep əˈsliːp. Lze říct: He's sleeping., nebo He's asleep., Are you sleeping? nebo Are you asleep?

    Exercise 18

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    • Spojte související výroky.

    • 1 Grass in spring is
    • 2 Bananas are
    • 3 Chocolate is
    • 4 The sky at night is
    • 5 Good tomatoes are
    • 6 The sea is
    • 7 Oranges are
    • 8 Snow is
    • a brown.
    • c red.
    • e yellow.
    • h black.
    • b white.
    • g blue.
    • f green.
    • d orange.

    Exercise 19

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    • Doplňte slovo opačného významu.

    6 She's sad and he's .
    3 I'm cold and she's . I'm tall and she's .
    8 There's too much work and too time.
    2 My brother is little and I am .
    5 His English is very good, but mine is .
    4 Now we are young, but we'll be too.
    1 English is easy, but Japanese is .
    7 There will be many men but only women.

    Exercise 20

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    • Vyberte správnou předložku.

    2 She'll be back in/for/on an hour.
    11 It isn't far of/from/to here. We'll be there at/in/to time.
    3 We'll meet in/at/on my place in/at/on the evening.
    8 Where is he to/for/from?
    1 Look at/on/to him. He's afraid at/to/of you.
    4 What are you doing in/at/on Monday?
    9 I'll call you on/at/in the morning.
    6 That's the house at/of/to my parents.
    12 She'll be here in/at/to five p.m. I'll speak on/to/at her.
    7 Don't call me in/at/on night.
    10 We go there on/to/at weekends.
    5 It's half to/past/at six. I'm going to/at/for work.

    Speak se pojí s předložkou to nebo with (mluvit s někým). Speak to obecně naznačuje spíše snahu o jednostrannou komunikaci (mluvit k někomu, z pozice autority ap.). Např.: I'll speak to him. - Promluvím (si) s ním. (domluvím mu ap.). Speak with naznačuje hlavně dialog. Např.: I'll speak with him. - Budu s ním mluvit.

    Exercise 21

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu správné tvary sloves.

    2 Why are you sit here?
    6 Who know about it? I let you know.
    9 Stop it! It's get on my nerves.
    1 A man is wait there for you.
    3 My brother speak four languages.
    11 I want see it. Can you show it to me?
    4 We're just work on it. It be ready soon.
    5 My mum have no time.
    8 They not be now. They be back soon.
    13 Mark enjoy his work.
    10 What are you read ? My dad read a lot.
    12 We'll go shop tomorrow.
    7 How are you feel ?

    České sloveso bavit (co, koho) lze často přeložit anglickým enjoy (těšit se z něčeho, užívat si něco) nebo like (mít rád, líbit se). Je však třeba mít na paměti, že proti češtině dochází u těchto sloves k obrácení podmětu a přísudku! Tedy ne, že něco baví někoho, ale někdo má rád / užívá si něco. Např.: “Baví mě to.” - I enjoy it. ap. Když něco někoho už nebaví, většinou se užije obratu be tired of ..., tedy, že už je někdo z něčeho unavený. Např.: “Už mě to nebaví.” - I'm tired of it.

    Exercise 22

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    • Doplňte překlady vět.

    17 Bydlím v hotelu. I'm in a hotel.
    8 Neříkej mu to, prosím! Please tell him!
    1 Odkud jste? Where are you ?
    9 Uděláš to pro mě? you do it for me?
    3 Bob má spoustu přátel. Bob a lot of friends.
    13 Mohu dál? - Samozřejmě! Can I in? - Of  !
    6 Promiňte, že jdu pozdě. Sorry, I'm .
    15 Dnes večer jdeme někam ven. We're going out .
    14 Mohu se tě na něco zeptat? May I you something?
    18 Užij(te) si to tam! your stay!
    10 V kolik hodin přijdeš? What will you come?
    2 Odjíždíme za 2 dny. We're in two days.
    16 Přidáte se k nám? Will you us?
    4 Jane o tom ví. Jane about it.
    7 Vypadá to na déšť. It looks rain.
    11 Udělám, co budu moci. I'll do my .
    5 Kolik je ti let? How are you?
    12 Jak je vysoký? How is he?

    Všimněte si, jak logicky jsou tvořena slovíčka: something - some+thing (nějaká věc - něco), nothing - no+thing (žádná věc - nic), everything - every+thing (každá věc - všechno) a anything - any+thing (jakákoli věc - cokoli). Podobně fungují slova somebody (někdo), nobody (nikdo), everybody (každý) a anybody (kdokoli). Snadno se tak naučíte hned několik užitečných slov.

    Exercise 23

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    • Doplňte vhodná slova.

    6 He isn't here now. We will to wait for him.
    1 I'm not afraid him. He's my friend.
    5 What's the like? – It's raining again.
    4 are you? – I'm fine. Thanks.
    9 Can I with you? – No, you'll stay here.
    10 Sorry, I have no time. I'm very now.
    3 What are the kids doing? – They're some games.
    13 Shall we go bus or car? – We'll a taxi.
    8 He's ! – No, he's wrong!
    14 I'm leaving for London. – Have a safe !
    2 How is she? – She's 35.
    12 on! Hurry . You'll be late school again!
    7 We're waiting you! You are again.
    11 I'll be back soon. Will you for me?

    Ke slovesu leave (odejít či odjet kam) se váže předložka for, ne to, jak by si Čech mohl myslet! Leave v podstatě říká, že někdo opouští jedno místo pro jiné. Např.: I'm leaving Prague for London. - “Odjíždím z Prahy do Londýna.” Pokud po leave následuje to, je to spíše částice uvozující infinitiv, který vyjadřuje účel. Např.: He's leaving Prague to work in New York. - Odjíždí z Prahy pracovat do New Yorku.

    Exercise 24

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    • Řekněte anglicky.

    5 Zdržíme se tři dny.
    16 Nejsem připravený.
    10 Jsem Čech.
    15 Jak dlouho to potrvá?
    17 Budete muset počkat.
    19 Vstupte!; Dále!
    7 Čekáte na někoho?
    1 Kam jedeš na dovolenou?
    6 Vezmeme si taxi.
    4 Bydlíme v hotelu.
    11 Půjdeme?
    20 Šťastnou cestu!
    12 Požádám ho o pomoc.
    8 Přijdeš?
    9 Chci navštívit přítele v Londýně.
    18 Je mi horko.
    14 Co si dáte? (k jídlu ap.)
    2 Nečekejte na mne.
    3 Dejte se druhou ulicí vlevo.
    13 Bude to stačit?

    Sloveso may meɪ znamená “smět”, ale užívá se také k vyjádření potenciální možnosti či nejistoty (možná, snad ap.). Např.: You may be right. - “Možná máš pravdu”, We may go to ... - “Mohli bychom třeba jít do...”, I may be back soon. - “Možná budu brzy zpět.” ap. Více viz tvary might a may v Lekci 14.