Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Čtěte nahlas a přeložte.

    3 Let me introduce myself.
    13 What will you do?
    7 Is there anybody here?
    16 We can't wait.
    17 You'll have to ask him.
    5 I'm not from here.
    15 Can you help us?
    11 How much is it?
    12 That's not true!
    19 I hope not.
    9 That's my sister's car.
    10 There are many foreigners here.
    20 I have to go.
    4 My name is ...
    1 He's a learner of English.
    2 What's your name?
    6 Where are you from?
    18 Have some!
    14 Shall we go?
    8 Are they waiting for me?

    Exercise 2

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    • Napište anglicky celými slovy číselné údaje.

    4 16.78
    6 86.05
    9 376,750
    3 876.7
    7 2,568
    5 3.06
    10 14,064,559
    2 267 people
    8 17,999.5
    1 45 children

    V angličtině lze vyslovovat vyšší číslovky i pomocí násobku celých stovek, a to i pro čísla nad 2000. Např. 1,200 - twelve hundred, 2,500 - twenty-five hundred ap. Místo slova number se před číslem často píše No. či no.

    Exercise 3

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    • Napište věty, které uslyšíte.

    10
    12
    7
    5
    6
    2
    1
    9
    11
    4
    3
    8

    Exercise 4

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    • Spojte výroky. Naučte se názvy zemí a pojmenování jejich příslušníků.

    • 1 John is English.
    • 2 Lucia is Spanish.
    • 3 Ivan is Russian.
    • 4 Helga and Kurt are German.
    • 5 Bob and Jane are American.
    • 6 Keiko is Japanese.
    • 7 Cheng is Chinese.
    • 8 Luis and Jean are French.
    • 9 Mark and Alison are Irish.
    • 10 Paolo and Valeria are Italian.
    • b He's from China.
    • c They're from Germany.
    • h He's from Russia.
    • g They're from the USA.
    • i They're from France.
    • d He's from England.
    • a They're from Ireland.
    • f She's from Spain.
    • e They're from Italy.
    • j She's from Japan.

    Další národnosti a státní příslušníky si můžete najít ve slovníku. Nestandardní jsou ale například: dánský - Danish ˈdeɪnɪʃ, ale Dán je Dane deɪn, španělský - Spanish spænɪʃ, ale Španěl je Spaniard ˈspænjəd. My ale už víme, že: “Je to Španěl.” lze říct jednoduše pomocí adjektiva: He's Spanish. Stačí si uvědomit, kdy užít anglické podstatné jméno a kdy adjektivum.

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu správná zájmena.

    7 Who's that boy? What's name?
    9 Can I speak to , John?
    5 Here's your milk. Drink now!
    1 There's my brother. Go ask .
    2 My sister is going out tonight. I'm going with .
    6 We aren't ready. Can you wait for ?
    10 Look. There's Bob's sister! No, that's not . She has dark hair.
    4 Call your parents and ask . They'll tell you.
    8 Our kids are too young. We can't take with us.
    11 We must know this. Please, let know.
    12 I need to speak with him. Tell him to call .
    3 Our dog is hungry. We must give some food.

    Need to se užívá i jako muset (nutnost plynoucí z okolností). Např.: You need to stop it. - Musíš toho nechat., You need to listen to me. - Musíš mě poslouchat.

    Exercise 6

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    • Uspořádejte slova do vět podle běžného anglického slovosledu.

    4 you - the - tonight - coming - party - to - are?
    1 speak - to - need - I - you - to.
    7 back - will - we - be - about - six - at - p.m.
    5 will - I - it - tell - tomorrow - him - about.
    2 long - it - take - will - how?
    3 her - tell - about - don't - it!
    6 your - do - homework - when - you - will?
    8 like - weather - is - what - the - today?

    Exercise 7

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    • Doplňte do věty vhodné tvary slovesa be v přítomném čase.

    6 I not afraid of you.
    10 Why you laughing?
    9 I right? No, you wrong!
    4 I must hurry. My children waiting for me.
    5 these books yours?
    8 Water good for you.
    11 How much money there? There 15 dollars.
    3 What going on?
    1 Peter, you coming to the party tonight?
    7 Our children too young for that.
    12 It true! He lying!
    2 There lots of children.

    Do you get the joke? - Rozumíte vtipu? (Můžete užít slovník.): I have 10 legs, 8 arms and 3 heads. What am I? - A liar!

    Exercise 8

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    • Doplňte podle nápovědy správné tvary přivlastňovacích zájmen.

    3 There are many parents with they children.
    1 What's that girl's name? she name is Jane.
    5 Is that your dog? What's it name?
    6 He can't call you. he phone isn't working.
    4 It'll be at our house, not they .
    10 We want something for we children.
    7 The kids are hungry. They want they food.
    2 You can't have it. It isn't you .
    9 He's a good friend of I .
    8 I phone isn't working. Can I use you ?

    Exercise 9

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    10 I'm making/doing/putting my best. It'll be ready in/at/on 30 minutes.
    2 Which/Who/What are you looking for? – I'm looking for you.
    9 Will you get/let/give me know?
    5 What book are you watching/looking/reading?
    4 My sister is six feet long/tall/big.
    13 Come for/to/on! We must hurry. We'll be late in/for/to school.
    8 Don't lie! Tell me the true/truth/right.
    3 How much/many/little people will there be?
    14 Is it long/far/short from here?. No, you can walk there.
    6 I'm looking/seeing/watching TV now.
    7 There will be not/no/any foreigners.
    12 We'll meet in/at/on my place in/at/on 6 p.m.
    11 We're leaving/going/walking out tonight.
    1 How much/old/tall is your dad? – He's 43.

    Jít pěšky lze anglicky říct prostě jen walk, nebo také go on foot (jít na noze).

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte do věty much nebo many.

    4 There isn't milk here.
    8 Hurry up. There isn't time.
    9 How is this car?
    10 There are too cars.
    3 They've got kids and very little time.
    5 That's too information.
    6 How luggage have you got?
    7 How friends are coming?
    2 There won't be people.
    1 How money will you need?

    Exercise 11

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    • Doplňte do věty záporné stažené tvary slovesa be v přítomném čase.

    3 My brother here.
    5 There any kids.
    9 There any money.
    6 This book mine.
    7 We very happy.
    10 Why you at school?
    11 English phrases easy.
    1 I ready.
    2 She my sister.
    4 His parents glad.
    8 There many foreigners there.

    Exercise 12

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    • Utvořte otázky. Ptejte se na zvýrazněná slova.

    1 John is leaving tomorrow.
    11 My friends are having fun.
    3 Jane is still sleeping.
    6 We're going on holiday.
    9 I'm watching a film on TV.
    4 I'm writing an e-mail.
    12 We're going out tonight.
    7 Jane and Bob are coming.
    8 Mark is visiting his friend.
    5 They're playing a game.
    2 He's reading a book.
    10 I'm not listening to you.

    Exercise 13

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    • Doplňte určité a neurčité členy, kde jsou třeba.

    5 There's lot of water in sea.
    1 Jane is nice girl. She's British.
    4 The Thames is river in Britain.
    2 Bob is American. He has house in USA.
    8 She's good friend of mine.
    10 My friends are Irish. They're from Ireland.
    11 I'll take taxi to work.
    3 British are nice people.
    9 Jean is French. He's French student.
    7 There are ten cats in house.
    6 Can I have little water?

    Taxík (taxi) se též nazývá cab kæb, což je původní název pro drožku. Metro v britské angličtině je the underground ˈʌndəˌgraʊnd (podzemka) a londýnskému metru se říká the tube tjuːb. Let's take the tube. tedy v Londýně znamená “Pojedeme metrem.” V USA říkají metru subway ˈsʌbˌweɪ, ale v Británii je subway podchod!

    Exercise 14

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    • Spojte otázky a reakce.

    • 1 Am I disturbing you?
    • 2 What time will you be back?
    • 3 Shall we walk?
    • 4 Who are you looking for?
    • 5 Are you going on holiday?
    • 6 Is he American?
    • 7 How long will it take?
    • 8 What will you drink?
    • e No, I think he's British.
    • h At about half past six.
    • c It'll be ready tomorrow.
    • d No, come in!
    • g I'll leave that to you.
    • f I need to speak to Mr Brown.
    • b Yes, we're going to the seaside.
    • a No, we'll take a taxi.

    Zapamatujte si užitečný obrat: I'll leave that to you. - To nechám na vás. Podobně: Leave that to me. - Nech(te) to na mě.

    Exercise 15

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    • Doplňte some, nebo any.

    8 of them are students.
    2 Can I have water?
    10 Can he speak foreign languages?
    1 We need time.
    3 Are there kids here?
    4 There aren't people.
    7 Have you got pets?
    5 Can you give me money?
    6 We haven't got milk.
    9 I can't see children.

    Exercise 16

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    • Převeďte věty z času přítomného do budoucího prostého.

    3 My mum is making dinner.
    1 They are going on holiday.
    11 I can't come.
    2 He isn't sleeping at home.
    8 When are we leaving?
    9 What are you doing?
    4 I'm leaving in ten minutes.
    5 We are meeting at my place.
    12 We must do it.
    7 We aren't at home.
    6 He's not afraid.
    10 Who's coming?

    Exercise 17

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    • Řekněte anglicky. Použijte nápovědu.

    2 Učím se anglicky. learn
    12 Dám mu vědět. let know
    1 Angličtina je snadná. easy
    5 Posloucháš mě? listen
    3 Neumím anglicky. speak
    14 Kdy přijedou? arrive
    15 Já nespím! sleep
    4 Pomůžeš mi? help
    13 Kolik je hodin? what time
    7 Je málo času. little
    6 Kdy odjíždíš? leave
    10 Jsou tam nějaké děti? any
    9 Kde se sejdeme? meet
    8 Je něco k jídlu? anything to eat
    11 Nejsou tam žádní lidé. no

    Spát je anglicky to sleep, ale běžně lze užít i obrat be asleep əˈsliːp. Lze říct: He's sleeping., nebo He's asleep., Are you sleeping? nebo Are you asleep?

    Exercise 18

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    • Spojte související výroky.

    • 1 Grass in spring is
    • 2 Bananas are
    • 3 Chocolate is
    • 4 The sky at night is
    • 5 Good tomatoes are
    • 6 The sea is
    • 7 Oranges are
    • 8 Snow is
    • g blue.
    • e yellow.
    • c red.
    • a brown.
    • d orange.
    • b white.
    • f green.
    • h black.

    Exercise 19

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    • Doplňte slovo opačného významu.

    2 My brother is little and I am .
    1 English is easy, but Japanese is .
    4 Now we are young, but we'll be too.
    5 His English is very good, but mine is .
    6 She's sad and he's .
    7 There will be many men but only women.
    3 I'm cold and she's . I'm tall and she's .
    8 There's too much work and too time.

    Exercise 20

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    • Vyberte správnou předložku.

    6 That's the house at/of/to my parents.
    3 We'll meet in/at/on my place in/at/on the evening.
    8 Where is he to/for/from?
    10 We go there on/to/at weekends.
    11 It isn't far of/from/to here. We'll be there at/in/to time.
    5 It's half to/past/at six. I'm going to/at/for work.
    4 What are you doing in/at/on Monday?
    12 She'll be here in/at/to five p.m. I'll speak on/to/at her.
    2 She'll be back in/for/on an hour.
    7 Don't call me in/at/on night.
    1 Look at/on/to him. He's afraid at/to/of you.
    9 I'll call you on/at/in the morning.

    Speak se pojí s předložkou to nebo with (mluvit s někým). Speak to obecně naznačuje spíše snahu o jednostrannou komunikaci (mluvit k někomu, z pozice autority ap.). Např.: I'll speak to him. - Promluvím (si) s ním. (domluvím mu ap.). Speak with naznačuje hlavně dialog. Např.: I'll speak with him. - Budu s ním mluvit.

    Exercise 21

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu správné tvary sloves.

    6 Who know about it? I let you know.
    13 Mark enjoy his work.
    9 Stop it! It's get on my nerves.
    2 Why are you sit here?
    8 They not be now. They be back soon.
    1 A man is wait there for you.
    3 My brother speak four languages.
    11 I want see it. Can you show it to me?
    5 My mum have no time.
    12 We'll go shop tomorrow.
    10 What are you read ? My dad read a lot.
    7 How are you feel ?
    4 We're just work on it. It be ready soon.

    České sloveso bavit (co, koho) lze často přeložit anglickým enjoy (těšit se z něčeho, užívat si něco) nebo like (mít rád, líbit se). Je však třeba mít na paměti, že proti češtině dochází u těchto sloves k obrácení podmětu a přísudku! Tedy ne, že něco baví někoho, ale někdo má rád / užívá si něco. Např.: “Baví mě to.” - I enjoy it. ap. Když něco někoho už nebaví, většinou se užije obratu be tired of ..., tedy, že už je někdo z něčeho unavený. Např.: “Už mě to nebaví.” - I'm tired of it.

    Exercise 22

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    • Doplňte překlady vět.

    1 Odkud jste? Where are you ?
    9 Uděláš to pro mě? you do it for me?
    6 Promiňte, že jdu pozdě. Sorry, I'm .
    11 Udělám, co budu moci. I'll do my .
    12 Jak je vysoký? How is he?
    5 Kolik je ti let? How are you?
    4 Jane o tom ví. Jane about it.
    15 Dnes večer jdeme někam ven. We're going out .
    14 Mohu se tě na něco zeptat? May I you something?
    2 Odjíždíme za 2 dny. We're in two days.
    3 Bob má spoustu přátel. Bob a lot of friends.
    18 Užij(te) si to tam! your stay!
    7 Vypadá to na déšť. It looks rain.
    17 Bydlím v hotelu. I'm in a hotel.
    13 Mohu dál? - Samozřejmě! Can I in? - Of  !
    16 Přidáte se k nám? Will you us?
    10 V kolik hodin přijdeš? What will you come?
    8 Neříkej mu to, prosím! Please tell him!

    Všimněte si, jak logicky jsou tvořena slovíčka: something - some+thing (nějaká věc - něco), nothing - no+thing (žádná věc - nic), everything - every+thing (každá věc - všechno) a anything - any+thing (jakákoli věc - cokoli). Podobně fungují slova somebody (někdo), nobody (nikdo), everybody (každý) a anybody (kdokoli). Snadno se tak naučíte hned několik užitečných slov.

    Exercise 23

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    • Doplňte vhodná slova.

    2 How is she? – She's 35.
    5 What's the like? – It's raining again.
    4 are you? – I'm fine. Thanks.
    3 What are the kids doing? – They're some games.
    14 I'm leaving for London. – Have a safe !
    1 I'm not afraid him. He's my friend.
    10 Sorry, I have no time. I'm very now.
    7 We're waiting you! You are again.
    13 Shall we go bus or car? – We'll a taxi.
    8 He's ! – No, he's wrong!
    6 He isn't here now. We will to wait for him.
    9 Can I with you? – No, you'll stay here.
    12 on! Hurry . You'll be late school again!
    11 I'll be back soon. Will you for me?

    Ke slovesu leave (odejít či odjet kam) se váže předložka for, ne to, jak by si Čech mohl myslet! Leave v podstatě říká, že někdo opouští jedno místo pro jiné. Např.: I'm leaving Prague for London. - “Odjíždím z Prahy do Londýna.” Pokud po leave následuje to, je to spíše částice uvozující infinitiv, který vyjadřuje účel. Např.: He's leaving Prague to work in New York. - Odjíždí z Prahy pracovat do New Yorku.

    Exercise 24

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    • Řekněte anglicky.

    17 Budete muset počkat.
    7 Čekáte na někoho?
    16 Nejsem připravený.
    5 Zdržíme se tři dny.
    13 Bude to stačit?
    14 Co si dáte? (k jídlu ap.)
    11 Půjdeme?
    10 Jsem Čech.
    6 Vezmeme si taxi.
    4 Bydlíme v hotelu.
    1 Kam jedeš na dovolenou?
    8 Přijdeš?
    12 Požádám ho o pomoc.
    18 Je mi horko.
    15 Jak dlouho to potrvá?
    9 Chci navštívit přítele v Londýně.
    19 Vstupte!; Dále!
    3 Dejte se druhou ulicí vlevo.
    20 Šťastnou cestu!
    2 Nečekejte na mne.

    Sloveso may meɪ znamená “smět”, ale užívá se také k vyjádření potenciální možnosti či nejistoty (možná, snad ap.). Např.: You may be right. - “Možná máš pravdu”, We may go to ... - “Mohli bychom třeba jít do...”, I may be back soon. - “Možná budu brzy zpět.” ap. Více viz tvary might a may v Lekci 14.