Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Čtěte nahlas a přeložte.

    7 Is there anybody here?
    10 There are many foreigners here.
    16 We can't wait.
    15 Can you help us?
    12 That's not true!
    13 What will you do?
    17 You'll have to ask him.
    11 How much is it?
    8 Are they waiting for me?
    2 What's your name?
    9 That's my sister's car.
    19 I hope not.
    14 Shall we go?
    1 He's a learner of English.
    6 Where are you from?
    3 Let me introduce myself.
    4 My name is ...
    5 I'm not from here.
    18 Have some!
    20 I have to go.

    Exercise 2

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    • Napište anglicky celými slovy číselné údaje.

    1 45 children
    6 86.05
    3 876.7
    5 3.06
    8 17,999.5
    4 16.78
    9 376,750
    2 267 people
    7 2,568
    10 14,064,559

    V angličtině lze vyslovovat vyšší číslovky i pomocí násobku celých stovek, a to i pro čísla nad 2000. Např. 1,200 - twelve hundred, 2,500 - twenty-five hundred ap. Místo slova number se před číslem často píše No. či no.

    Exercise 3

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    • Napište věty, které uslyšíte.

    8
    4
    5
    10
    1
    9
    6
    2
    3
    12
    7
    11

    Exercise 4

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    • Spojte výroky. Naučte se názvy zemí a pojmenování jejich příslušníků.

    • 1 John is English.
    • 2 Lucia is Spanish.
    • 3 Ivan is Russian.
    • 4 Helga and Kurt are German.
    • 5 Bob and Jane are American.
    • 6 Keiko is Japanese.
    • 7 Cheng is Chinese.
    • 8 Luis and Jean are French.
    • 9 Mark and Alison are Irish.
    • 10 Paolo and Valeria are Italian.
    • i They're from France.
    • j She's from Japan.
    • c They're from Germany.
    • a They're from Ireland.
    • g They're from the USA.
    • f She's from Spain.
    • h He's from Russia.
    • b He's from China.
    • e They're from Italy.
    • d He's from England.

    Další národnosti a státní příslušníky si můžete najít ve slovníku. Nestandardní jsou ale například: dánský - Danish ˈdeɪnɪʃ, ale Dán je Dane deɪn, španělský - Spanish spænɪʃ, ale Španěl je Spaniard ˈspænjəd. My ale už víme, že: “Je to Španěl.” lze říct jednoduše pomocí adjektiva: He's Spanish. Stačí si uvědomit, kdy užít anglické podstatné jméno a kdy adjektivum.

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu správná zájmena.

    7 Who's that boy? What's name?
    6 We aren't ready. Can you wait for ?
    12 I need to speak with him. Tell him to call .
    10 Look. There's Bob's sister! No, that's not . She has dark hair.
    5 Here's your milk. Drink now!
    9 Can I speak to , John?
    4 Call your parents and ask . They'll tell you.
    8 Our kids are too young. We can't take with us.
    2 My sister is going out tonight. I'm going with .
    11 We must know this. Please, let know.
    1 There's my brother. Go ask .
    3 Our dog is hungry. We must give some food.

    Need to se užívá i jako muset (nutnost plynoucí z okolností). Např.: You need to stop it. - Musíš toho nechat., You need to listen to me. - Musíš mě poslouchat.

    Exercise 6

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    • Uspořádejte slova do vět podle běžného anglického slovosledu.

    8 like - weather - is - what - the - today?
    7 back - will - we - be - about - six - at - p.m.
    6 your - do - homework - when - you - will?
    3 her - tell - about - don't - it!
    2 long - it - take - will - how?
    5 will - I - it - tell - tomorrow - him - about.
    4 you - the - tonight - coming - party - to - are?
    1 speak - to - need - I - you - to.

    Exercise 7

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    • Doplňte do věty vhodné tvary slovesa be v přítomném čase.

    10 Why you laughing?
    12 It true! He lying!
    4 I must hurry. My children waiting for me.
    2 There lots of children.
    9 I right? No, you wrong!
    11 How much money there? There 15 dollars.
    5 these books yours?
    1 Peter, you coming to the party tonight?
    3 What going on?
    6 I not afraid of you.
    8 Water good for you.
    7 Our children too young for that.

    Do you get the joke? - Rozumíte vtipu? (Můžete užít slovník.): I have 10 legs, 8 arms and 3 heads. What am I? - A liar!

    Exercise 8

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    • Doplňte podle nápovědy správné tvary přivlastňovacích zájmen.

    5 Is that your dog? What's it name?
    3 There are many parents with they children.
    9 He's a good friend of I .
    1 What's that girl's name? she name is Jane.
    10 We want something for we children.
    8 I phone isn't working. Can I use you ?
    6 He can't call you. he phone isn't working.
    2 You can't have it. It isn't you .
    4 It'll be at our house, not they .
    7 The kids are hungry. They want they food.

    Exercise 9

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    13 Come for/to/on! We must hurry. We'll be late in/for/to school.
    1 How much/old/tall is your dad? – He's 43.
    2 Which/Who/What are you looking for? – I'm looking for you.
    12 We'll meet in/at/on my place in/at/on 6 p.m.
    11 We're leaving/going/walking out tonight.
    8 Don't lie! Tell me the true/truth/right.
    4 My sister is six feet long/tall/big.
    9 Will you get/let/give me know?
    10 I'm making/doing/putting my best. It'll be ready in/at/on 30 minutes.
    14 Is it long/far/short from here?. No, you can walk there.
    5 What book are you watching/looking/reading?
    7 There will be not/no/any foreigners.
    6 I'm looking/seeing/watching TV now.
    3 How much/many/little people will there be?

    Jít pěšky lze anglicky říct prostě jen walk, nebo také go on foot (jít na noze).

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte do věty much nebo many.

    1 How money will you need?
    3 They've got kids and very little time.
    2 There won't be people.
    6 How luggage have you got?
    5 That's too information.
    9 How is this car?
    7 How friends are coming?
    10 There are too cars.
    8 Hurry up. There isn't time.
    4 There isn't milk here.

    Exercise 11

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    • Doplňte do věty záporné stažené tvary slovesa be v přítomném čase.

    7 We very happy.
    5 There any kids.
    3 My brother here.
    9 There any money.
    8 There many foreigners there.
    1 I ready.
    10 Why you at school?
    11 English phrases easy.
    6 This book mine.
    4 His parents glad.
    2 She my sister.

    Exercise 12

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    • Utvořte otázky. Ptejte se na zvýrazněná slova.

    7 Jane and Bob are coming.
    10 I'm not listening to you.
    4 I'm writing an e-mail.
    5 They're playing a game.
    2 He's reading a book.
    9 I'm watching a film on TV.
    8 Mark is visiting his friend.
    6 We're going on holiday.
    3 Jane is still sleeping.
    11 My friends are having fun.
    12 We're going out tonight.
    1 John is leaving tomorrow.

    Exercise 13

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    • Doplňte určité a neurčité členy, kde jsou třeba.

    2 Bob is American. He has house in USA.
    11 I'll take taxi to work.
    1 Jane is nice girl. She's British.
    8 She's good friend of mine.
    9 Jean is French. He's French student.
    6 Can I have little water?
    10 My friends are Irish. They're from Ireland.
    4 The Thames is river in Britain.
    5 There's lot of water in sea.
    7 There are ten cats in house.
    3 British are nice people.

    Taxík (taxi) se též nazývá cab kæb, což je původní název pro drožku. Metro v britské angličtině je the underground ˈʌndəˌgraʊnd (podzemka) a londýnskému metru se říká the tube tjuːb. Let's take the tube. tedy v Londýně znamená “Pojedeme metrem.” V USA říkají metru subway ˈsʌbˌweɪ, ale v Británii je subway podchod!

    Exercise 14

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    • Spojte otázky a reakce.

    • 1 Am I disturbing you?
    • 2 What time will you be back?
    • 3 Shall we walk?
    • 4 Who are you looking for?
    • 5 Are you going on holiday?
    • 6 Is he American?
    • 7 How long will it take?
    • 8 What will you drink?
    • e No, I think he's British.
    • d No, come in!
    • h At about half past six.
    • g I'll leave that to you.
    • f I need to speak to Mr Brown.
    • c It'll be ready tomorrow.
    • a No, we'll take a taxi.
    • b Yes, we're going to the seaside.

    Zapamatujte si užitečný obrat: I'll leave that to you. - To nechám na vás. Podobně: Leave that to me. - Nech(te) to na mě.

    Exercise 15

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    • Doplňte some, nebo any.

    9 I can't see children.
    1 We need time.
    5 Can you give me money?
    6 We haven't got milk.
    8 of them are students.
    10 Can he speak foreign languages?
    3 Are there kids here?
    4 There aren't people.
    2 Can I have water?
    7 Have you got pets?

    Exercise 16

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    • Převeďte věty z času přítomného do budoucího prostého.

    6 He's not afraid.
    2 He isn't sleeping at home.
    10 Who's coming?
    12 We must do it.
    8 When are we leaving?
    5 We are meeting at my place.
    3 My mum is making dinner.
    7 We aren't at home.
    11 I can't come.
    4 I'm leaving in ten minutes.
    9 What are you doing?
    1 They are going on holiday.

    Exercise 17

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    • Řekněte anglicky. Použijte nápovědu.

    4 Pomůžeš mi? help
    6 Kdy odjíždíš? leave
    8 Je něco k jídlu? anything to eat
    12 Dám mu vědět. let know
    5 Posloucháš mě? listen
    1 Angličtina je snadná. easy
    10 Jsou tam nějaké děti? any
    13 Kolik je hodin? what time
    11 Nejsou tam žádní lidé. no
    9 Kde se sejdeme? meet
    2 Učím se anglicky. learn
    7 Je málo času. little
    15 Já nespím! sleep
    14 Kdy přijedou? arrive
    3 Neumím anglicky. speak

    Spát je anglicky to sleep, ale běžně lze užít i obrat be asleep əˈsliːp. Lze říct: He's sleeping., nebo He's asleep., Are you sleeping? nebo Are you asleep?

    Exercise 18

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    • Spojte související výroky.

    • 1 Grass in spring is
    • 2 Bananas are
    • 3 Chocolate is
    • 4 The sky at night is
    • 5 Good tomatoes are
    • 6 The sea is
    • 7 Oranges are
    • 8 Snow is
    • b white.
    • g blue.
    • e yellow.
    • h black.
    • d orange.
    • a brown.
    • f green.
    • c red.

    Exercise 19

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    • Doplňte slovo opačného významu.

    1 English is easy, but Japanese is .
    4 Now we are young, but we'll be too.
    3 I'm cold and she's . I'm tall and she's .
    6 She's sad and he's .
    2 My brother is little and I am .
    8 There's too much work and too time.
    7 There will be many men but only women.
    5 His English is very good, but mine is .

    Exercise 20

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    • Vyberte správnou předložku.

    2 She'll be back in/for/on an hour.
    12 She'll be here in/at/to five p.m. I'll speak on/to/at her.
    4 What are you doing in/at/on Monday?
    3 We'll meet in/at/on my place in/at/on the evening.
    5 It's half to/past/at six. I'm going to/at/for work.
    11 It isn't far of/from/to here. We'll be there at/in/to time.
    1 Look at/on/to him. He's afraid at/to/of you.
    8 Where is he to/for/from?
    10 We go there on/to/at weekends.
    6 That's the house at/of/to my parents.
    7 Don't call me in/at/on night.
    9 I'll call you on/at/in the morning.

    Speak se pojí s předložkou to nebo with (mluvit s někým). Speak to obecně naznačuje spíše snahu o jednostrannou komunikaci (mluvit k někomu, z pozice autority ap.). Např.: I'll speak to him. - Promluvím (si) s ním. (domluvím mu ap.). Speak with naznačuje hlavně dialog. Např.: I'll speak with him. - Budu s ním mluvit.

    Exercise 21

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu správné tvary sloves.

    8 They not be now. They be back soon.
    3 My brother speak four languages.
    13 Mark enjoy his work.
    5 My mum have no time.
    1 A man is wait there for you.
    9 Stop it! It's get on my nerves.
    11 I want see it. Can you show it to me?
    7 How are you feel ?
    6 Who know about it? I let you know.
    10 What are you read ? My dad read a lot.
    12 We'll go shop tomorrow.
    2 Why are you sit here?
    4 We're just work on it. It be ready soon.

    České sloveso bavit (co, koho) lze často přeložit anglickým enjoy (těšit se z něčeho, užívat si něco) nebo like (mít rád, líbit se). Je však třeba mít na paměti, že proti češtině dochází u těchto sloves k obrácení podmětu a přísudku! Tedy ne, že něco baví někoho, ale někdo má rád / užívá si něco. Např.: “Baví mě to.” - I enjoy it. ap. Když něco někoho už nebaví, většinou se užije obratu be tired of ..., tedy, že už je někdo z něčeho unavený. Např.: “Už mě to nebaví.” - I'm tired of it.

    Exercise 22

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    • Doplňte překlady vět.

    13 Mohu dál? - Samozřejmě! Can I in? - Of  !
    15 Dnes večer jdeme někam ven. We're going out .
    9 Uděláš to pro mě? you do it for me?
    18 Užij(te) si to tam! your stay!
    5 Kolik je ti let? How are you?
    4 Jane o tom ví. Jane about it.
    12 Jak je vysoký? How is he?
    6 Promiňte, že jdu pozdě. Sorry, I'm .
    8 Neříkej mu to, prosím! Please tell him!
    2 Odjíždíme za 2 dny. We're in two days.
    16 Přidáte se k nám? Will you us?
    17 Bydlím v hotelu. I'm in a hotel.
    14 Mohu se tě na něco zeptat? May I you something?
    3 Bob má spoustu přátel. Bob a lot of friends.
    11 Udělám, co budu moci. I'll do my .
    1 Odkud jste? Where are you ?
    7 Vypadá to na déšť. It looks rain.
    10 V kolik hodin přijdeš? What will you come?

    Všimněte si, jak logicky jsou tvořena slovíčka: something - some+thing (nějaká věc - něco), nothing - no+thing (žádná věc - nic), everything - every+thing (každá věc - všechno) a anything - any+thing (jakákoli věc - cokoli). Podobně fungují slova somebody (někdo), nobody (nikdo), everybody (každý) a anybody (kdokoli). Snadno se tak naučíte hned několik užitečných slov.

    Exercise 23

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    • Doplňte vhodná slova.

    1 I'm not afraid him. He's my friend.
    4 are you? – I'm fine. Thanks.
    9 Can I with you? – No, you'll stay here.
    11 I'll be back soon. Will you for me?
    5 What's the like? – It's raining again.
    7 We're waiting you! You are again.
    10 Sorry, I have no time. I'm very now.
    14 I'm leaving for London. – Have a safe !
    2 How is she? – She's 35.
    6 He isn't here now. We will to wait for him.
    8 He's ! – No, he's wrong!
    13 Shall we go bus or car? – We'll a taxi.
    12 on! Hurry . You'll be late school again!
    3 What are the kids doing? – They're some games.

    Ke slovesu leave (odejít či odjet kam) se váže předložka for, ne to, jak by si Čech mohl myslet! Leave v podstatě říká, že někdo opouští jedno místo pro jiné. Např.: I'm leaving Prague for London. - “Odjíždím z Prahy do Londýna.” Pokud po leave následuje to, je to spíše částice uvozující infinitiv, který vyjadřuje účel. Např.: He's leaving Prague to work in New York. - Odjíždí z Prahy pracovat do New Yorku.

    Exercise 24

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    • Řekněte anglicky.

    14 Co si dáte? (k jídlu ap.)
    2 Nečekejte na mne.
    12 Požádám ho o pomoc.
    16 Nejsem připravený.
    3 Dejte se druhou ulicí vlevo.
    15 Jak dlouho to potrvá?
    6 Vezmeme si taxi.
    11 Půjdeme?
    4 Bydlíme v hotelu.
    8 Přijdeš?
    18 Je mi horko.
    19 Vstupte!; Dále!
    7 Čekáte na někoho?
    5 Zdržíme se tři dny.
    13 Bude to stačit?
    17 Budete muset počkat.
    10 Jsem Čech.
    1 Kam jedeš na dovolenou?
    20 Šťastnou cestu!
    9 Chci navštívit přítele v Londýně.

    Sloveso may meɪ znamená “smět”, ale užívá se také k vyjádření potenciální možnosti či nejistoty (možná, snad ap.). Např.: You may be right. - “Možná máš pravdu”, We may go to ... - “Mohli bychom třeba jít do...”, I may be back soon. - “Možná budu brzy zpět.” ap. Více viz tvary might a may v Lekci 14.