Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Čtěte nahlas a přeložte.

    9 That's my sister's car.
    10 There are many foreigners here.
    1 He's a learner of English.
    12 That's not true!
    18 Have some!
    13 What will you do?
    2 What's your name?
    6 Where are you from?
    16 We can't wait.
    20 I have to go.
    19 I hope not.
    17 You'll have to ask him.
    14 Shall we go?
    4 My name is ...
    15 Can you help us?
    3 Let me introduce myself.
    7 Is there anybody here?
    5 I'm not from here.
    8 Are they waiting for me?
    11 How much is it?

    Exercise 2

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    • Napište anglicky celými slovy číselné údaje.

    6 86.05
    5 3.06
    2 267 people
    3 876.7
    9 376,750
    8 17,999.5
    10 14,064,559
    4 16.78
    7 2,568
    1 45 children

    V angličtině lze vyslovovat vyšší číslovky i pomocí násobku celých stovek, a to i pro čísla nad 2000. Např. 1,200 - twelve hundred, 2,500 - twenty-five hundred ap. Místo slova number se před číslem často píše No. či no.

    Exercise 3

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    • Napište věty, které uslyšíte.

    10
    5
    6
    7
    12
    8
    2
    3
    4
    11
    1
    9

    Exercise 4

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    • Spojte výroky. Naučte se názvy zemí a pojmenování jejich příslušníků.

    • 1 John is English.
    • 2 Lucia is Spanish.
    • 3 Ivan is Russian.
    • 4 Helga and Kurt are German.
    • 5 Bob and Jane are American.
    • 6 Keiko is Japanese.
    • 7 Cheng is Chinese.
    • 8 Luis and Jean are French.
    • 9 Mark and Alison are Irish.
    • 10 Paolo and Valeria are Italian.
    • d He's from England.
    • f She's from Spain.
    • i They're from France.
    • g They're from the USA.
    • b He's from China.
    • c They're from Germany.
    • h He's from Russia.
    • a They're from Ireland.
    • j She's from Japan.
    • e They're from Italy.

    Další národnosti a státní příslušníky si můžete najít ve slovníku. Nestandardní jsou ale například: dánský - Danish ˈdeɪnɪʃ, ale Dán je Dane deɪn, španělský - Spanish spænɪʃ, ale Španěl je Spaniard ˈspænjəd. My ale už víme, že: “Je to Španěl.” lze říct jednoduše pomocí adjektiva: He's Spanish. Stačí si uvědomit, kdy užít anglické podstatné jméno a kdy adjektivum.

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu správná zájmena.

    2 My sister is going out tonight. I'm going with .
    12 I need to speak with him. Tell him to call .
    4 Call your parents and ask . They'll tell you.
    10 Look. There's Bob's sister! No, that's not . She has dark hair.
    7 Who's that boy? What's name?
    5 Here's your milk. Drink now!
    1 There's my brother. Go ask .
    9 Can I speak to , John?
    3 Our dog is hungry. We must give some food.
    11 We must know this. Please, let know.
    8 Our kids are too young. We can't take with us.
    6 We aren't ready. Can you wait for ?

    Need to se užívá i jako muset (nutnost plynoucí z okolností). Např.: You need to stop it. - Musíš toho nechat., You need to listen to me. - Musíš mě poslouchat.

    Exercise 6

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    • Uspořádejte slova do vět podle běžného anglického slovosledu.

    1 speak - to - need - I - you - to.
    2 long - it - take - will - how?
    8 like - weather - is - what - the - today?
    6 your - do - homework - when - you - will?
    4 you - the - tonight - coming - party - to - are?
    3 her - tell - about - don't - it!
    7 back - will - we - be - about - six - at - p.m.
    5 will - I - it - tell - tomorrow - him - about.

    Exercise 7

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    • Doplňte do věty vhodné tvary slovesa be v přítomném čase.

    7 Our children too young for that.
    3 What going on?
    12 It true! He lying!
    8 Water good for you.
    2 There lots of children.
    11 How much money there? There 15 dollars.
    9 I right? No, you wrong!
    4 I must hurry. My children waiting for me.
    5 these books yours?
    1 Peter, you coming to the party tonight?
    6 I not afraid of you.
    10 Why you laughing?

    Do you get the joke? - Rozumíte vtipu? (Můžete užít slovník.): I have 10 legs, 8 arms and 3 heads. What am I? - A liar!

    Exercise 8

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    • Doplňte podle nápovědy správné tvary přivlastňovacích zájmen.

    5 Is that your dog? What's it name?
    3 There are many parents with they children.
    6 He can't call you. he phone isn't working.
    9 He's a good friend of I .
    4 It'll be at our house, not they .
    2 You can't have it. It isn't you .
    8 I phone isn't working. Can I use you ?
    10 We want something for we children.
    1 What's that girl's name? she name is Jane.
    7 The kids are hungry. They want they food.

    Exercise 9

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    9 Will you get/let/give me know?
    11 We're leaving/going/walking out tonight.
    4 My sister is six feet long/tall/big.
    5 What book are you watching/looking/reading?
    7 There will be not/no/any foreigners.
    1 How much/old/tall is your dad? – He's 43.
    6 I'm looking/seeing/watching TV now.
    2 Which/Who/What are you looking for? – I'm looking for you.
    13 Come for/to/on! We must hurry. We'll be late in/for/to school.
    12 We'll meet in/at/on my place in/at/on 6 p.m.
    10 I'm making/doing/putting my best. It'll be ready in/at/on 30 minutes.
    3 How much/many/little people will there be?
    14 Is it long/far/short from here?. No, you can walk there.
    8 Don't lie! Tell me the true/truth/right.

    Jít pěšky lze anglicky říct prostě jen walk, nebo také go on foot (jít na noze).

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte do věty much nebo many.

    4 There isn't milk here.
    1 How money will you need?
    10 There are too cars.
    6 How luggage have you got?
    5 That's too information.
    3 They've got kids and very little time.
    9 How is this car?
    8 Hurry up. There isn't time.
    7 How friends are coming?
    2 There won't be people.

    Exercise 11

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    • Doplňte do věty záporné stažené tvary slovesa be v přítomném čase.

    8 There many foreigners there.
    9 There any money.
    10 Why you at school?
    4 His parents glad.
    2 She my sister.
    7 We very happy.
    11 English phrases easy.
    5 There any kids.
    1 I ready.
    3 My brother here.
    6 This book mine.

    Exercise 12

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    • Utvořte otázky. Ptejte se na zvýrazněná slova.

    5 They're playing a game.
    2 He's reading a book.
    6 We're going on holiday.
    3 Jane is still sleeping.
    4 I'm writing an e-mail.
    1 John is leaving tomorrow.
    7 Jane and Bob are coming.
    11 My friends are having fun.
    8 Mark is visiting his friend.
    9 I'm watching a film on TV.
    10 I'm not listening to you.
    12 We're going out tonight.

    Exercise 13

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    • Doplňte určité a neurčité členy, kde jsou třeba.

    2 Bob is American. He has house in USA.
    4 The Thames is river in Britain.
    8 She's good friend of mine.
    1 Jane is nice girl. She's British.
    5 There's lot of water in sea.
    9 Jean is French. He's French student.
    3 British are nice people.
    6 Can I have little water?
    7 There are ten cats in house.
    11 I'll take taxi to work.
    10 My friends are Irish. They're from Ireland.

    Taxík (taxi) se též nazývá cab kæb, což je původní název pro drožku. Metro v britské angličtině je the underground ˈʌndəˌgraʊnd (podzemka) a londýnskému metru se říká the tube tjuːb. Let's take the tube. tedy v Londýně znamená “Pojedeme metrem.” V USA říkají metru subway ˈsʌbˌweɪ, ale v Británii je subway podchod!

    Exercise 14

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    • Spojte otázky a reakce.

    • 1 Am I disturbing you?
    • 2 What time will you be back?
    • 3 Shall we walk?
    • 4 Who are you looking for?
    • 5 Are you going on holiday?
    • 6 Is he American?
    • 7 How long will it take?
    • 8 What will you drink?
    • h At about half past six.
    • d No, come in!
    • c It'll be ready tomorrow.
    • f I need to speak to Mr Brown.
    • b Yes, we're going to the seaside.
    • e No, I think he's British.
    • g I'll leave that to you.
    • a No, we'll take a taxi.

    Zapamatujte si užitečný obrat: I'll leave that to you. - To nechám na vás. Podobně: Leave that to me. - Nech(te) to na mě.

    Exercise 15

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    • Doplňte some, nebo any.

    6 We haven't got milk.
    2 Can I have water?
    10 Can he speak foreign languages?
    8 of them are students.
    4 There aren't people.
    3 Are there kids here?
    1 We need time.
    7 Have you got pets?
    5 Can you give me money?
    9 I can't see children.

    Exercise 16

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    • Převeďte věty z času přítomného do budoucího prostého.

    5 We are meeting at my place.
    7 We aren't at home.
    9 What are you doing?
    2 He isn't sleeping at home.
    8 When are we leaving?
    1 They are going on holiday.
    4 I'm leaving in ten minutes.
    11 I can't come.
    6 He's not afraid.
    12 We must do it.
    3 My mum is making dinner.
    10 Who's coming?

    Exercise 17

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    • Řekněte anglicky. Použijte nápovědu.

    6 Kdy odjíždíš? leave
    1 Angličtina je snadná. easy
    9 Kde se sejdeme? meet
    13 Kolik je hodin? what time
    15 Já nespím! sleep
    10 Jsou tam nějaké děti? any
    12 Dám mu vědět. let know
    14 Kdy přijedou? arrive
    5 Posloucháš mě? listen
    4 Pomůžeš mi? help
    8 Je něco k jídlu? anything to eat
    7 Je málo času. little
    3 Neumím anglicky. speak
    11 Nejsou tam žádní lidé. no
    2 Učím se anglicky. learn

    Spát je anglicky to sleep, ale běžně lze užít i obrat be asleep əˈsliːp. Lze říct: He's sleeping., nebo He's asleep., Are you sleeping? nebo Are you asleep?

    Exercise 18

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    • Spojte související výroky.

    • 1 Grass in spring is
    • 2 Bananas are
    • 3 Chocolate is
    • 4 The sky at night is
    • 5 Good tomatoes are
    • 6 The sea is
    • 7 Oranges are
    • 8 Snow is
    • e yellow.
    • f green.
    • a brown.
    • c red.
    • g blue.
    • b white.
    • h black.
    • d orange.

    Exercise 19

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    • Doplňte slovo opačného významu.

    5 His English is very good, but mine is .
    8 There's too much work and too time.
    4 Now we are young, but we'll be too.
    7 There will be many men but only women.
    3 I'm cold and she's . I'm tall and she's .
    6 She's sad and he's .
    2 My brother is little and I am .
    1 English is easy, but Japanese is .

    Exercise 20

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    • Vyberte správnou předložku.

    6 That's the house at/of/to my parents.
    12 She'll be here in/at/to five p.m. I'll speak on/to/at her.
    3 We'll meet in/at/on my place in/at/on the evening.
    9 I'll call you on/at/in the morning.
    4 What are you doing in/at/on Monday?
    5 It's half to/past/at six. I'm going to/at/for work.
    7 Don't call me in/at/on night.
    11 It isn't far of/from/to here. We'll be there at/in/to time.
    1 Look at/on/to him. He's afraid at/to/of you.
    2 She'll be back in/for/on an hour.
    8 Where is he to/for/from?
    10 We go there on/to/at weekends.

    Speak se pojí s předložkou to nebo with (mluvit s někým). Speak to obecně naznačuje spíše snahu o jednostrannou komunikaci (mluvit k někomu, z pozice autority ap.). Např.: I'll speak to him. - Promluvím (si) s ním. (domluvím mu ap.). Speak with naznačuje hlavně dialog. Např.: I'll speak with him. - Budu s ním mluvit.

    Exercise 21

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu správné tvary sloves.

    4 We're just work on it. It be ready soon.
    2 Why are you sit here?
    5 My mum have no time.
    13 Mark enjoy his work.
    12 We'll go shop tomorrow.
    8 They not be now. They be back soon.
    11 I want see it. Can you show it to me?
    3 My brother speak four languages.
    7 How are you feel ?
    10 What are you read ? My dad read a lot.
    9 Stop it! It's get on my nerves.
    6 Who know about it? I let you know.
    1 A man is wait there for you.

    České sloveso bavit (co, koho) lze často přeložit anglickým enjoy (těšit se z něčeho, užívat si něco) nebo like (mít rád, líbit se). Je však třeba mít na paměti, že proti češtině dochází u těchto sloves k obrácení podmětu a přísudku! Tedy ne, že něco baví někoho, ale někdo má rád / užívá si něco. Např.: “Baví mě to.” - I enjoy it. ap. Když něco někoho už nebaví, většinou se užije obratu be tired of ..., tedy, že už je někdo z něčeho unavený. Např.: “Už mě to nebaví.” - I'm tired of it.

    Exercise 22

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    • Doplňte překlady vět.

    8 Neříkej mu to, prosím! Please tell him!
    16 Přidáte se k nám? Will you us?
    10 V kolik hodin přijdeš? What will you come?
    2 Odjíždíme za 2 dny. We're in two days.
    5 Kolik je ti let? How are you?
    9 Uděláš to pro mě? you do it for me?
    6 Promiňte, že jdu pozdě. Sorry, I'm .
    13 Mohu dál? - Samozřejmě! Can I in? - Of  !
    4 Jane o tom ví. Jane about it.
    12 Jak je vysoký? How is he?
    18 Užij(te) si to tam! your stay!
    14 Mohu se tě na něco zeptat? May I you something?
    1 Odkud jste? Where are you ?
    11 Udělám, co budu moci. I'll do my .
    15 Dnes večer jdeme někam ven. We're going out .
    3 Bob má spoustu přátel. Bob a lot of friends.
    17 Bydlím v hotelu. I'm in a hotel.
    7 Vypadá to na déšť. It looks rain.

    Všimněte si, jak logicky jsou tvořena slovíčka: something - some+thing (nějaká věc - něco), nothing - no+thing (žádná věc - nic), everything - every+thing (každá věc - všechno) a anything - any+thing (jakákoli věc - cokoli). Podobně fungují slova somebody (někdo), nobody (nikdo), everybody (každý) a anybody (kdokoli). Snadno se tak naučíte hned několik užitečných slov.

    Exercise 23

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    • Doplňte vhodná slova.

    9 Can I with you? – No, you'll stay here.
    2 How is she? – She's 35.
    14 I'm leaving for London. – Have a safe !
    1 I'm not afraid him. He's my friend.
    7 We're waiting you! You are again.
    4 are you? – I'm fine. Thanks.
    6 He isn't here now. We will to wait for him.
    13 Shall we go bus or car? – We'll a taxi.
    12 on! Hurry . You'll be late school again!
    10 Sorry, I have no time. I'm very now.
    11 I'll be back soon. Will you for me?
    8 He's ! – No, he's wrong!
    5 What's the like? – It's raining again.
    3 What are the kids doing? – They're some games.

    Ke slovesu leave (odejít či odjet kam) se váže předložka for, ne to, jak by si Čech mohl myslet! Leave v podstatě říká, že někdo opouští jedno místo pro jiné. Např.: I'm leaving Prague for London. - “Odjíždím z Prahy do Londýna.” Pokud po leave následuje to, je to spíše částice uvozující infinitiv, který vyjadřuje účel. Např.: He's leaving Prague to work in New York. - Odjíždí z Prahy pracovat do New Yorku.

    Exercise 24

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    • Řekněte anglicky.

    3 Dejte se druhou ulicí vlevo.
    1 Kam jedeš na dovolenou?
    15 Jak dlouho to potrvá?
    18 Je mi horko.
    5 Zdržíme se tři dny.
    17 Budete muset počkat.
    7 Čekáte na někoho?
    20 Šťastnou cestu!
    19 Vstupte!; Dále!
    4 Bydlíme v hotelu.
    6 Vezmeme si taxi.
    11 Půjdeme?
    9 Chci navštívit přítele v Londýně.
    16 Nejsem připravený.
    10 Jsem Čech.
    13 Bude to stačit?
    2 Nečekejte na mne.
    8 Přijdeš?
    14 Co si dáte? (k jídlu ap.)
    12 Požádám ho o pomoc.

    Sloveso may meɪ znamená “smět”, ale užívá se také k vyjádření potenciální možnosti či nejistoty (možná, snad ap.). Např.: You may be right. - “Možná máš pravdu”, We may go to ... - “Mohli bychom třeba jít do...”, I may be back soon. - “Možná budu brzy zpět.” ap. Více viz tvary might a may v Lekci 14.