Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Čtěte nahlas a přeložte.

    14 Shall we go?
    8 Are they waiting for me?
    6 Where are you from?
    5 I'm not from here.
    20 I have to go.
    4 My name is ...
    15 Can you help us?
    2 What's your name?
    18 Have some!
    1 He's a learner of English.
    3 Let me introduce myself.
    17 You'll have to ask him.
    10 There are many foreigners here.
    16 We can't wait.
    11 How much is it?
    19 I hope not.
    9 That's my sister's car.
    12 That's not true!
    7 Is there anybody here?
    13 What will you do?

    Exercise 2

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    • Napište anglicky celými slovy číselné údaje.

    9 376,750
    7 2,568
    5 3.06
    4 16.78
    1 45 children
    6 86.05
    3 876.7
    8 17,999.5
    10 14,064,559
    2 267 people

    V angličtině lze vyslovovat vyšší číslovky i pomocí násobku celých stovek, a to i pro čísla nad 2000. Např. 1,200 - twelve hundred, 2,500 - twenty-five hundred ap. Místo slova number se před číslem často píše No. či no.

    Exercise 3

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    • Napište věty, které uslyšíte.

    12
    4
    7
    1
    6
    8
    11
    3
    2
    5
    10
    9

    Exercise 4

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    • Spojte výroky. Naučte se názvy zemí a pojmenování jejich příslušníků.

    • 1 John is English.
    • 2 Lucia is Spanish.
    • 3 Ivan is Russian.
    • 4 Helga and Kurt are German.
    • 5 Bob and Jane are American.
    • 6 Keiko is Japanese.
    • 7 Cheng is Chinese.
    • 8 Luis and Jean are French.
    • 9 Mark and Alison are Irish.
    • 10 Paolo and Valeria are Italian.
    • c They're from Germany.
    • d He's from England.
    • i They're from France.
    • f She's from Spain.
    • e They're from Italy.
    • b He's from China.
    • j She's from Japan.
    • a They're from Ireland.
    • g They're from the USA.
    • h He's from Russia.

    Další národnosti a státní příslušníky si můžete najít ve slovníku. Nestandardní jsou ale například: dánský - Danish ˈdeɪnɪʃ, ale Dán je Dane deɪn, španělský - Spanish spænɪʃ, ale Španěl je Spaniard ˈspænjəd. My ale už víme, že: “Je to Španěl.” lze říct jednoduše pomocí adjektiva: He's Spanish. Stačí si uvědomit, kdy užít anglické podstatné jméno a kdy adjektivum.

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu správná zájmena.

    4 Call your parents and ask . They'll tell you.
    11 We must know this. Please, let know.
    3 Our dog is hungry. We must give some food.
    12 I need to speak with him. Tell him to call .
    1 There's my brother. Go ask .
    10 Look. There's Bob's sister! No, that's not . She has dark hair.
    7 Who's that boy? What's name?
    6 We aren't ready. Can you wait for ?
    8 Our kids are too young. We can't take with us.
    2 My sister is going out tonight. I'm going with .
    9 Can I speak to , John?
    5 Here's your milk. Drink now!

    Need to se užívá i jako muset (nutnost plynoucí z okolností). Např.: You need to stop it. - Musíš toho nechat., You need to listen to me. - Musíš mě poslouchat.

    Exercise 6

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    • Uspořádejte slova do vět podle běžného anglického slovosledu.

    8 like - weather - is - what - the - today?
    2 long - it - take - will - how?
    4 you - the - tonight - coming - party - to - are?
    6 your - do - homework - when - you - will?
    3 her - tell - about - don't - it!
    1 speak - to - need - I - you - to.
    7 back - will - we - be - about - six - at - p.m.
    5 will - I - it - tell - tomorrow - him - about.

    Exercise 7

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    • Doplňte do věty vhodné tvary slovesa be v přítomném čase.

    4 I must hurry. My children waiting for me.
    5 these books yours?
    9 I right? No, you wrong!
    6 I not afraid of you.
    2 There lots of children.
    12 It true! He lying!
    3 What going on?
    8 Water good for you.
    11 How much money there? There 15 dollars.
    7 Our children too young for that.
    10 Why you laughing?
    1 Peter, you coming to the party tonight?

    Do you get the joke? - Rozumíte vtipu? (Můžete užít slovník.): I have 10 legs, 8 arms and 3 heads. What am I? - A liar!

    Exercise 8

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    • Doplňte podle nápovědy správné tvary přivlastňovacích zájmen.

    2 You can't have it. It isn't you .
    1 What's that girl's name? she name is Jane.
    8 I phone isn't working. Can I use you ?
    3 There are many parents with they children.
    5 Is that your dog? What's it name?
    9 He's a good friend of I .
    6 He can't call you. he phone isn't working.
    10 We want something for we children.
    7 The kids are hungry. They want they food.
    4 It'll be at our house, not they .

    Exercise 9

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    2 Which/Who/What are you looking for? – I'm looking for you.
    1 How much/old/tall is your dad? – He's 43.
    13 Come for/to/on! We must hurry. We'll be late in/for/to school.
    4 My sister is six feet long/tall/big.
    8 Don't lie! Tell me the true/truth/right.
    5 What book are you watching/looking/reading?
    6 I'm looking/seeing/watching TV now.
    10 I'm making/doing/putting my best. It'll be ready in/at/on 30 minutes.
    9 Will you get/let/give me know?
    11 We're leaving/going/walking out tonight.
    12 We'll meet in/at/on my place in/at/on 6 p.m.
    3 How much/many/little people will there be?
    7 There will be not/no/any foreigners.
    14 Is it long/far/short from here?. No, you can walk there.

    Jít pěšky lze anglicky říct prostě jen walk, nebo také go on foot (jít na noze).

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte do věty much nebo many.

    8 Hurry up. There isn't time.
    6 How luggage have you got?
    4 There isn't milk here.
    1 How money will you need?
    5 That's too information.
    9 How is this car?
    2 There won't be people.
    3 They've got kids and very little time.
    10 There are too cars.
    7 How friends are coming?

    Exercise 11

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    • Doplňte do věty záporné stažené tvary slovesa be v přítomném čase.

    7 We very happy.
    6 This book mine.
    1 I ready.
    8 There many foreigners there.
    3 My brother here.
    4 His parents glad.
    11 English phrases easy.
    10 Why you at school?
    2 She my sister.
    5 There any kids.
    9 There any money.

    Exercise 12

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    • Utvořte otázky. Ptejte se na zvýrazněná slova.

    11 My friends are having fun.
    3 Jane is still sleeping.
    1 John is leaving tomorrow.
    7 Jane and Bob are coming.
    5 They're playing a game.
    8 Mark is visiting his friend.
    10 I'm not listening to you.
    6 We're going on holiday.
    12 We're going out tonight.
    9 I'm watching a film on TV.
    4 I'm writing an e-mail.
    2 He's reading a book.

    Exercise 13

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    • Doplňte určité a neurčité členy, kde jsou třeba.

    3 British are nice people.
    11 I'll take taxi to work.
    6 Can I have little water?
    9 Jean is French. He's French student.
    1 Jane is nice girl. She's British.
    8 She's good friend of mine.
    5 There's lot of water in sea.
    7 There are ten cats in house.
    4 The Thames is river in Britain.
    10 My friends are Irish. They're from Ireland.
    2 Bob is American. He has house in USA.

    Taxík (taxi) se též nazývá cab kæb, což je původní název pro drožku. Metro v britské angličtině je the underground ˈʌndəˌgraʊnd (podzemka) a londýnskému metru se říká the tube tjuːb. Let's take the tube. tedy v Londýně znamená “Pojedeme metrem.” V USA říkají metru subway ˈsʌbˌweɪ, ale v Británii je subway podchod!

    Exercise 14

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    • Spojte otázky a reakce.

    • 1 Am I disturbing you?
    • 2 What time will you be back?
    • 3 Shall we walk?
    • 4 Who are you looking for?
    • 5 Are you going on holiday?
    • 6 Is he American?
    • 7 How long will it take?
    • 8 What will you drink?
    • b Yes, we're going to the seaside.
    • d No, come in!
    • f I need to speak to Mr Brown.
    • c It'll be ready tomorrow.
    • h At about half past six.
    • a No, we'll take a taxi.
    • e No, I think he's British.
    • g I'll leave that to you.

    Zapamatujte si užitečný obrat: I'll leave that to you. - To nechám na vás. Podobně: Leave that to me. - Nech(te) to na mě.

    Exercise 15

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    • Doplňte some, nebo any.

    7 Have you got pets?
    5 Can you give me money?
    9 I can't see children.
    10 Can he speak foreign languages?
    6 We haven't got milk.
    2 Can I have water?
    1 We need time.
    8 of them are students.
    3 Are there kids here?
    4 There aren't people.

    Exercise 16

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    • Převeďte věty z času přítomného do budoucího prostého.

    12 We must do it.
    6 He's not afraid.
    7 We aren't at home.
    10 Who's coming?
    3 My mum is making dinner.
    8 When are we leaving?
    9 What are you doing?
    4 I'm leaving in ten minutes.
    11 I can't come.
    5 We are meeting at my place.
    2 He isn't sleeping at home.
    1 They are going on holiday.

    Exercise 17

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    • Řekněte anglicky. Použijte nápovědu.

    11 Nejsou tam žádní lidé. no
    8 Je něco k jídlu? anything to eat
    1 Angličtina je snadná. easy
    7 Je málo času. little
    15 Já nespím! sleep
    2 Učím se anglicky. learn
    3 Neumím anglicky. speak
    13 Kolik je hodin? what time
    6 Kdy odjíždíš? leave
    14 Kdy přijedou? arrive
    9 Kde se sejdeme? meet
    5 Posloucháš mě? listen
    4 Pomůžeš mi? help
    10 Jsou tam nějaké děti? any
    12 Dám mu vědět. let know

    Spát je anglicky to sleep, ale běžně lze užít i obrat be asleep əˈsliːp. Lze říct: He's sleeping., nebo He's asleep., Are you sleeping? nebo Are you asleep?

    Exercise 18

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    • Spojte související výroky.

    • 1 Grass in spring is
    • 2 Bananas are
    • 3 Chocolate is
    • 4 The sky at night is
    • 5 Good tomatoes are
    • 6 The sea is
    • 7 Oranges are
    • 8 Snow is
    • d orange.
    • h black.
    • g blue.
    • e yellow.
    • f green.
    • c red.
    • a brown.
    • b white.

    Exercise 19

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    • Doplňte slovo opačného významu.

    5 His English is very good, but mine is .
    7 There will be many men but only women.
    2 My brother is little and I am .
    1 English is easy, but Japanese is .
    8 There's too much work and too time.
    3 I'm cold and she's . I'm tall and she's .
    4 Now we are young, but we'll be too.
    6 She's sad and he's .

    Exercise 20

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    • Vyberte správnou předložku.

    7 Don't call me in/at/on night.
    9 I'll call you on/at/in the morning.
    5 It's half to/past/at six. I'm going to/at/for work.
    12 She'll be here in/at/to five p.m. I'll speak on/to/at her.
    1 Look at/on/to him. He's afraid at/to/of you.
    6 That's the house at/of/to my parents.
    11 It isn't far of/from/to here. We'll be there at/in/to time.
    3 We'll meet in/at/on my place in/at/on the evening.
    8 Where is he to/for/from?
    2 She'll be back in/for/on an hour.
    4 What are you doing in/at/on Monday?
    10 We go there on/to/at weekends.

    Speak se pojí s předložkou to nebo with (mluvit s někým). Speak to obecně naznačuje spíše snahu o jednostrannou komunikaci (mluvit k někomu, z pozice autority ap.). Např.: I'll speak to him. - Promluvím (si) s ním. (domluvím mu ap.). Speak with naznačuje hlavně dialog. Např.: I'll speak with him. - Budu s ním mluvit.

    Exercise 21

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu správné tvary sloves.

    3 My brother speak four languages.
    8 They not be now. They be back soon.
    1 A man is wait there for you.
    7 How are you feel ?
    10 What are you read ? My dad read a lot.
    12 We'll go shop tomorrow.
    4 We're just work on it. It be ready soon.
    13 Mark enjoy his work.
    11 I want see it. Can you show it to me?
    6 Who know about it? I let you know.
    9 Stop it! It's get on my nerves.
    2 Why are you sit here?
    5 My mum have no time.

    České sloveso bavit (co, koho) lze často přeložit anglickým enjoy (těšit se z něčeho, užívat si něco) nebo like (mít rád, líbit se). Je však třeba mít na paměti, že proti češtině dochází u těchto sloves k obrácení podmětu a přísudku! Tedy ne, že něco baví někoho, ale někdo má rád / užívá si něco. Např.: “Baví mě to.” - I enjoy it. ap. Když něco někoho už nebaví, většinou se užije obratu be tired of ..., tedy, že už je někdo z něčeho unavený. Např.: “Už mě to nebaví.” - I'm tired of it.

    Exercise 22

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    • Doplňte překlady vět.

    1 Odkud jste? Where are you ?
    3 Bob má spoustu přátel. Bob a lot of friends.
    4 Jane o tom ví. Jane about it.
    2 Odjíždíme za 2 dny. We're in two days.
    7 Vypadá to na déšť. It looks rain.
    8 Neříkej mu to, prosím! Please tell him!
    10 V kolik hodin přijdeš? What will you come?
    5 Kolik je ti let? How are you?
    13 Mohu dál? - Samozřejmě! Can I in? - Of  !
    6 Promiňte, že jdu pozdě. Sorry, I'm .
    11 Udělám, co budu moci. I'll do my .
    15 Dnes večer jdeme někam ven. We're going out .
    12 Jak je vysoký? How is he?
    16 Přidáte se k nám? Will you us?
    17 Bydlím v hotelu. I'm in a hotel.
    18 Užij(te) si to tam! your stay!
    14 Mohu se tě na něco zeptat? May I you something?
    9 Uděláš to pro mě? you do it for me?

    Všimněte si, jak logicky jsou tvořena slovíčka: something - some+thing (nějaká věc - něco), nothing - no+thing (žádná věc - nic), everything - every+thing (každá věc - všechno) a anything - any+thing (jakákoli věc - cokoli). Podobně fungují slova somebody (někdo), nobody (nikdo), everybody (každý) a anybody (kdokoli). Snadno se tak naučíte hned několik užitečných slov.

    Exercise 23

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    • Doplňte vhodná slova.

    12 on! Hurry . You'll be late school again!
    9 Can I with you? – No, you'll stay here.
    7 We're waiting you! You are again.
    5 What's the like? – It's raining again.
    13 Shall we go bus or car? – We'll a taxi.
    8 He's ! – No, he's wrong!
    3 What are the kids doing? – They're some games.
    2 How is she? – She's 35.
    14 I'm leaving for London. – Have a safe !
    6 He isn't here now. We will to wait for him.
    4 are you? – I'm fine. Thanks.
    10 Sorry, I have no time. I'm very now.
    1 I'm not afraid him. He's my friend.
    11 I'll be back soon. Will you for me?

    Ke slovesu leave (odejít či odjet kam) se váže předložka for, ne to, jak by si Čech mohl myslet! Leave v podstatě říká, že někdo opouští jedno místo pro jiné. Např.: I'm leaving Prague for London. - “Odjíždím z Prahy do Londýna.” Pokud po leave následuje to, je to spíše částice uvozující infinitiv, který vyjadřuje účel. Např.: He's leaving Prague to work in New York. - Odjíždí z Prahy pracovat do New Yorku.

    Exercise 24

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    • Řekněte anglicky.

    4 Bydlíme v hotelu.
    5 Zdržíme se tři dny.
    1 Kam jedeš na dovolenou?
    19 Vstupte!; Dále!
    20 Šťastnou cestu!
    12 Požádám ho o pomoc.
    3 Dejte se druhou ulicí vlevo.
    17 Budete muset počkat.
    6 Vezmeme si taxi.
    13 Bude to stačit?
    8 Přijdeš?
    14 Co si dáte? (k jídlu ap.)
    11 Půjdeme?
    16 Nejsem připravený.
    15 Jak dlouho to potrvá?
    9 Chci navštívit přítele v Londýně.
    7 Čekáte na někoho?
    18 Je mi horko.
    2 Nečekejte na mne.
    10 Jsem Čech.

    Sloveso may meɪ znamená “smět”, ale užívá se také k vyjádření potenciální možnosti či nejistoty (možná, snad ap.). Např.: You may be right. - “Možná máš pravdu”, We may go to ... - “Mohli bychom třeba jít do...”, I may be back soon. - “Možná budu brzy zpět.” ap. Více viz tvary might a may v Lekci 14.