Exercises

Čtěte nahlas a přeložte.

10 There are many foreigners here.
4 My name is ...
1 He's a learner of English.
5 I'm not from here.
12 That's not true!
8 Are they waiting for me?
20 I have to go.
6 Where are you from?
11 How much is it?
15 Can you help us?
18 Have some!
9 That's my sister's car.
14 Shall we go?
3 Let me introduce myself.
16 We can't wait.
2 What's your name?
13 What will you do?
7 Is there anybody here?
17 You'll have to ask him.
19 I hope not.

Napište anglicky celými slovy číselné údaje.

10 14,064,559
1 45 children
5 3.06
3 876.7
7 2,568
9 376,750
4 16.78
8 17,999.5
2 267 people
6 86.05

V angličtině lze vyslovovat vyšší číslovky i pomocí násobku celých stovek, a to i pro čísla nad 2000. Např. 1,200 - twelve hundred, 2,500 - twenty-five hundred ap. Místo slova number se před číslem často píše No. či no.

Napište věty, které uslyšíte.

4
2
1
5
9
7
8
11
3
12
10
6

Spojte výroky. Naučte se názvy zemí a pojmenování jejich příslušníků.

  • 1 John is English.
  • 2 Lucia is Spanish.
  • 3 Ivan is Russian.
  • 4 Helga and Kurt are German.
  • 5 Bob and Jane are American.
  • 6 Keiko is Japanese.
  • 7 Cheng is Chinese.
  • 8 Luis and Jean are French.
  • 9 Mark and Alison are Irish.
  • 10 Paolo and Valeria are Italian.
  • i They're from France.
  • b He's from China.
  • c They're from Germany.
  • g They're from the USA.
  • h He's from Russia.
  • f She's from Spain.
  • d He's from England.
  • e They're from Italy.
  • a They're from Ireland.
  • j She's from Japan.

Další národnosti a státní příslušníky si můžete najít ve slovníku. Nestandardní jsou ale například: dánský - Danish ˈdeɪnɪʃ, ale Dán je Dane deɪn, španělský - Spanish spænɪʃ, ale Španěl je Spaniard ˈspænjəd. My ale už víme, že: “Je to Španěl.” lze říct jednoduše pomocí adjektiva: He's Spanish. Stačí si uvědomit, kdy užít anglické podstatné jméno a kdy adjektivum.

Doplňte podle kontextu správná zájmena.

11 We must know this. Please, let know.
8 Our kids are too young. We can't take with us.
2 My sister is going out tonight. I'm going with .
12 I need to speak with him. Tell him to call .
6 We aren't ready. Can you wait for ?
5 Here's your milk. Drink now!
7 Who's that boy? What's name?
9 Can I speak to , John?
10 Look. There's Bob's sister! No, that's not . She has dark hair.
1 There's my brother. Go ask .
4 Call your parents and ask . They'll tell you.
3 Our dog is hungry. We must give some food.

Need to se užívá i jako muset (nutnost plynoucí z okolností). Např.: You need to stop it. - Musíš toho nechat., You need to listen to me. - Musíš mě poslouchat.

Uspořádejte slova do vět podle běžného anglického slovosledu.

2 long - it - take - will - how?
3 her - tell - about - don't - it!
8 like - weather - is - what - the - today?
4 you - the - tonight - coming - party - to - are?
5 will - I - it - tell - tomorrow - him - about.
1 speak - to - need - I - you - to.
7 back - will - we - be - about - six - at - p.m.
6 your - do - homework - when - you - will?

Doplňte do věty vhodné tvary slovesa be v přítomném čase.

9 I right? No, you wrong!
4 I must hurry. My children waiting for me.
5 these books yours?
1 Peter, you coming to the party tonight?
8 Water good for you.
7 Our children too young for that.
2 There lots of children.
3 What going on?
6 I not afraid of you.
11 How much money there? There 15 dollars.
10 Why you laughing?
12 It true! He lying!

Do you get the joke? - Rozumíte vtipu? (Můžete užít slovník.): I have 10 legs, 8 arms and 3 heads. What am I? - A liar!

Doplňte podle nápovědy správné tvary přivlastňovacích zájmen.

5 Is that your dog? What's it name?
9 He's a good friend of I .
4 It'll be at our house, not they .
3 There are many parents with they children.
8 I phone isn't working. Can I use you ?
1 What's that girl's name? she name is Jane.
2 You can't have it. It isn't you .
7 The kids are hungry. They want they food.
10 We want something for we children.
6 He can't call you. he phone isn't working.

Vyberte vhodné slovo.

8 Don't lie! Tell me the true/truth/right.
3 How much/many/little people will there be?
11 We're leaving/going/walking out tonight.
9 Will you get/let/give me know?
4 My sister is six feet long/tall/big.
1 How much/old/tall is your dad? – He's 43.
13 Come for/to/on! We must hurry. We'll be late in/for/to school.
10 I'm making/doing/putting my best. It'll be ready in/at/on 30 minutes.
12 We'll meet in/at/on my place in/at/on 6 p.m.
7 There will be not/no/any foreigners.
5 What book are you watching/looking/reading?
14 Is it long/far/short from here?. No, you can walk there.
6 I'm looking/seeing/watching TV now.
2 Which/Who/What are you looking for? – I'm looking for you.

Jít pěšky lze anglicky říct prostě jen walk, nebo také go on foot (jít na noze).

Doplňte do věty much nebo many.

5 That's too information.
9 How is this car?
3 They've got kids and very little time.
2 There won't be people.
6 How luggage have you got?
1 How money will you need?
10 There are too cars.
4 There isn't milk here.
8 Hurry up. There isn't time.
7 How friends are coming?

Doplňte do věty záporné stažené tvary slovesa be v přítomném čase.

6 This book mine.
7 We very happy.
8 There many foreigners there.
2 She my sister.
5 There any kids.
3 My brother here.
9 There any money.
1 I ready.
10 Why you at school?
11 English phrases easy.
4 His parents glad.

Utvořte otázky. Ptejte se na zvýrazněná slova.

5 They're playing a game.
7 Jane and Bob are coming.
10 I'm not listening to you.
3 Jane is still sleeping.
4 I'm writing an e-mail.
11 My friends are having fun.
6 We're going on holiday.
8 Mark is visiting his friend.
2 He's reading a book.
12 We're going out tonight.
9 I'm watching a film on TV.
1 John is leaving tomorrow.

Doplňte určité a neurčité členy, kde jsou třeba.

9 Jean is French. He's French student.
8 She's good friend of mine.
7 There are ten cats in house.
6 Can I have little water?
3 British are nice people.
4 The Thames is river in Britain.
5 There's lot of water in sea.
1 Jane is nice girl. She's British.
2 Bob is American. He has house in USA.
11 I'll take taxi to work.
10 My friends are Irish. They're from Ireland.

Taxík (taxi) se též nazývá cab kæb, což je původní název pro drožku. Metro v britské angličtině je the underground ˈʌndəˌgraʊnd (podzemka) a londýnskému metru se říká the tube tjuːb. Let's take the tube. tedy v Londýně znamená “Pojedeme metrem.” V USA říkají metru subway ˈsʌbˌweɪ, ale v Británii je subway podchod!

Spojte otázky a reakce.

  • 1 Am I disturbing you?
  • 2 What time will you be back?
  • 3 Shall we walk?
  • 4 Who are you looking for?
  • 5 Are you going on holiday?
  • 6 Is he American?
  • 7 How long will it take?
  • 8 What will you drink?
  • b Yes, we're going to the seaside.
  • g I'll leave that to you.
  • e No, I think he's British.
  • f I need to speak to Mr Brown.
  • c It'll be ready tomorrow.
  • h At about half past six.
  • d No, come in!
  • a No, we'll take a taxi.

Zapamatujte si užitečný obrat: I'll leave that to you. - To nechám na vás. Podobně: Leave that to me. - Nech(te) to na mě.

Doplňte some, nebo any.

5 Can you give me money?
1 We need time.
10 Can he speak foreign languages?
3 Are there kids here?
2 Can I have water?
7 Have you got pets?
4 There aren't people.
8 of them are students.
6 We haven't got milk.
9 I can't see children.

Převeďte věty z času přítomného do budoucího prostého.

12 We must do it.
5 We are meeting at my place.
10 Who's coming?
8 When are we leaving?
3 My mum is making dinner.
2 He isn't sleeping at home.
6 He's not afraid.
1 They are going on holiday.
9 What are you doing?
4 I'm leaving in ten minutes.
11 I can't come.
7 We aren't at home.

Řekněte anglicky. Použijte nápovědu.

13 Kolik je hodin? what time
3 Neumím anglicky. speak
2 Učím se anglicky. learn
4 Pomůžeš mi? help
11 Nejsou tam žádní lidé. no
14 Kdy přijedou? arrive
12 Dám mu vědět. let know
5 Posloucháš mě? listen
1 Angličtina je snadná. easy
7 Je málo času. little
6 Kdy odjíždíš? leave
9 Kde se sejdeme? meet
8 Je něco k jídlu? anything to eat
10 Jsou tam nějaké děti? any
15 Já nespím! sleep

Spát je anglicky to sleep, ale běžně lze užít i obrat be asleep əˈsliːp. Lze říct: He's sleeping., nebo He's asleep., Are you sleeping? nebo Are you asleep?

Spojte související výroky.

  • 1 Grass in spring is
  • 2 Bananas are
  • 3 Chocolate is
  • 4 The sky at night is
  • 5 Good tomatoes are
  • 6 The sea is
  • 7 Oranges are
  • 8 Snow is
  • h black.
  • e yellow.
  • d orange.
  • b white.
  • c red.
  • a brown.
  • f green.
  • g blue.

Doplňte slovo opačného významu.

3 I'm cold and she's . I'm tall and she's .
6 She's sad and he's .
5 His English is very good, but mine is .
7 There will be many men but only women.
1 English is easy, but Japanese is .
2 My brother is little and I am .
4 Now we are young, but we'll be too.
8 There's too much work and too time.

Vyberte správnou předložku.

11 It isn't far of/from/to here. We'll be there at/in/to time.
1 Look at/on/to him. He's afraid at/to/of you.
4 What are you doing in/at/on Monday?
9 I'll call you on/at/in the morning.
6 That's the house at/of/to my parents.
8 Where is he to/for/from?
5 It's half to/past/at six. I'm going to/at/for work.
2 She'll be back in/for/on an hour.
7 Don't call me in/at/on night.
3 We'll meet in/at/on my place in/at/on the evening.
12 She'll be here in/at/to five p.m. I'll speak on/to/at her.
10 We go there on/to/at weekends.

Speak se pojí s předložkou to nebo with (mluvit s někým). Speak to obecně naznačuje spíše snahu o jednostrannou komunikaci (mluvit k někomu, z pozice autority ap.). Např.: I'll speak to him. - Promluvím (si) s ním. (domluvím mu ap.). Speak with naznačuje hlavně dialog. Např.: I'll speak with him. - Budu s ním mluvit.

Doplňte podle kontextu správné tvary sloves.

8 They not be now. They be back soon.
6 Who know about it? I let you know.
13 Mark enjoy his work.
10 What are you read ? My dad read a lot.
3 My brother speak four languages.
12 We'll go shop tomorrow.
1 A man is wait there for you.
4 We're just work on it. It be ready soon.
5 My mum have no time.
9 Stop it! It's get on my nerves.
11 I want see it. Can you show it to me?
2 Why are you sit here?
7 How are you feel ?

České sloveso bavit (co, koho) lze často přeložit anglickým enjoy (těšit se z něčeho, užívat si něco) nebo like (mít rád, líbit se). Je však třeba mít na paměti, že proti češtině dochází u těchto sloves k obrácení podmětu a přísudku! Tedy ne, že něco baví někoho, ale někdo má rád / užívá si něco. Např.: “Baví mě to.” - I enjoy it. ap. Když něco někoho už nebaví, většinou se užije obratu be tired of ..., tedy, že už je někdo z něčeho unavený. Např.: “Už mě to nebaví.” - I'm tired of it.

Doplňte překlady vět.

9 Uděláš to pro mě? you do it for me?
6 Promiňte, že jdu pozdě. Sorry, I'm .
4 Jane o tom ví. Jane about it.
8 Neříkej mu to, prosím! Please tell him!
17 Bydlím v hotelu. I'm in a hotel.
7 Vypadá to na déšť. It looks rain.
13 Mohu dál? - Samozřejmě! Can I in? - Of  !
15 Dnes večer jdeme někam ven. We're going out .
16 Přidáte se k nám? Will you us?
10 V kolik hodin přijdeš? What will you come?
18 Užij(te) si to tam! your stay!
3 Bob má spoustu přátel. Bob a lot of friends.
1 Odkud jste? Where are you ?
5 Kolik je ti let? How are you?
11 Udělám, co budu moci. I'll do my .
2 Odjíždíme za 2 dny. We're in two days.
14 Mohu se tě na něco zeptat? May I you something?
12 Jak je vysoký? How is he?

Všimněte si, jak logicky jsou tvořena slovíčka: something - some+thing (nějaká věc - něco), nothing - no+thing (žádná věc - nic), everything - every+thing (každá věc - všechno) a anything - any+thing (jakákoli věc - cokoli). Podobně fungují slova somebody (někdo), nobody (nikdo), everybody (každý) a anybody (kdokoli). Snadno se tak naučíte hned několik užitečných slov.

Doplňte vhodná slova.

9 Can I with you? – No, you'll stay here.
3 What are the kids doing? – They're some games.
7 We're waiting you! You are again.
8 He's ! – No, he's wrong!
14 I'm leaving for London. – Have a safe !
4 are you? – I'm fine. Thanks.
12 on! Hurry . You'll be late school again!
1 I'm not afraid him. He's my friend.
5 What's the like? – It's raining again.
10 Sorry, I have no time. I'm very now.
2 How is she? – She's 35.
6 He isn't here now. We will to wait for him.
11 I'll be back soon. Will you for me?
13 Shall we go bus or car? – We'll a taxi.

Ke slovesu leave (odejít či odjet kam) se váže předložka for, ne to, jak by si Čech mohl myslet! Leave v podstatě říká, že někdo opouští jedno místo pro jiné. Např.: I'm leaving Prague for London. - “Odjíždím z Prahy do Londýna.” Pokud po leave následuje to, je to spíše částice uvozující infinitiv, který vyjadřuje účel. Např.: He's leaving Prague to work in New York. - Odjíždí z Prahy pracovat do New Yorku.

Řekněte anglicky.

18 Je mi horko.
12 Požádám ho o pomoc.
11 Půjdeme?
2 Nečekejte na mne.
1 Kam jedeš na dovolenou?
20 Šťastnou cestu!
8 Přijdeš?
3 Dejte se druhou ulicí vlevo.
13 Bude to stačit?
6 Vezmeme si taxi.
16 Nejsem připravený.
19 Vstupte!; Dále!
7 Čekáte na někoho?
10 Jsem Čech.
17 Budete muset počkat.
5 Zdržíme se tři dny.
15 Jak dlouho to potrvá?
9 Chci navštívit přítele v Londýně.
4 Bydlíme v hotelu.
14 Co si dáte? (k jídlu ap.)

Sloveso may meɪ znamená “smět”, ale užívá se také k vyjádření potenciální možnosti či nejistoty (možná, snad ap.). Např.: You may be right. - “Možná máš pravdu”, We may go to ... - “Mohli bychom třeba jít do...”, I may be back soon. - “Možná budu brzy zpět.” ap. Více viz tvary might a may v Lekci 14.