Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Čtěte nahlas a přeložte.

    5 I'm not from here.
    9 That's my sister's car.
    2 What's your name?
    19 I hope not.
    8 Are they waiting for me?
    6 Where are you from?
    3 Let me introduce myself.
    20 I have to go.
    4 My name is ...
    7 Is there anybody here?
    1 He's a learner of English.
    18 Have some!
    14 Shall we go?
    13 What will you do?
    17 You'll have to ask him.
    12 That's not true!
    10 There are many foreigners here.
    11 How much is it?
    15 Can you help us?
    16 We can't wait.

    Exercise 2

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    • Napište anglicky celými slovy číselné údaje.

    3 876.7
    6 86.05
    9 376,750
    10 14,064,559
    1 45 children
    8 17,999.5
    4 16.78
    5 3.06
    2 267 people
    7 2,568

    V angličtině lze vyslovovat vyšší číslovky i pomocí násobku celých stovek, a to i pro čísla nad 2000. Např. 1,200 - twelve hundred, 2,500 - twenty-five hundred ap. Místo slova number se před číslem často píše No. či no.

    Exercise 3

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    • Napište věty, které uslyšíte.

    10
    12
    3
    11
    6
    2
    5
    8
    9
    7
    1
    4

    Exercise 4

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    • Spojte výroky. Naučte se názvy zemí a pojmenování jejich příslušníků.

    • 1 John is English.
    • 2 Lucia is Spanish.
    • 3 Ivan is Russian.
    • 4 Helga and Kurt are German.
    • 5 Bob and Jane are American.
    • 6 Keiko is Japanese.
    • 7 Cheng is Chinese.
    • 8 Luis and Jean are French.
    • 9 Mark and Alison are Irish.
    • 10 Paolo and Valeria are Italian.
    • f She's from Spain.
    • a They're from Ireland.
    • d He's from England.
    • j She's from Japan.
    • g They're from the USA.
    • i They're from France.
    • b He's from China.
    • h He's from Russia.
    • c They're from Germany.
    • e They're from Italy.

    Další národnosti a státní příslušníky si můžete najít ve slovníku. Nestandardní jsou ale například: dánský - Danish ˈdeɪnɪʃ, ale Dán je Dane deɪn, španělský - Spanish spænɪʃ, ale Španěl je Spaniard ˈspænjəd. My ale už víme, že: “Je to Španěl.” lze říct jednoduše pomocí adjektiva: He's Spanish. Stačí si uvědomit, kdy užít anglické podstatné jméno a kdy adjektivum.

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu správná zájmena.

    3 Our dog is hungry. We must give some food.
    4 Call your parents and ask . They'll tell you.
    8 Our kids are too young. We can't take with us.
    1 There's my brother. Go ask .
    10 Look. There's Bob's sister! No, that's not . She has dark hair.
    5 Here's your milk. Drink now!
    7 Who's that boy? What's name?
    2 My sister is going out tonight. I'm going with .
    11 We must know this. Please, let know.
    6 We aren't ready. Can you wait for ?
    9 Can I speak to , John?
    12 I need to speak with him. Tell him to call .

    Need to se užívá i jako muset (nutnost plynoucí z okolností). Např.: You need to stop it. - Musíš toho nechat., You need to listen to me. - Musíš mě poslouchat.

    Exercise 6

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    • Uspořádejte slova do vět podle běžného anglického slovosledu.

    6 your - do - homework - when - you - will?
    3 her - tell - about - don't - it!
    4 you - the - tonight - coming - party - to - are?
    1 speak - to - need - I - you - to.
    5 will - I - it - tell - tomorrow - him - about.
    2 long - it - take - will - how?
    7 back - will - we - be - about - six - at - p.m.
    8 like - weather - is - what - the - today?

    Exercise 7

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    • Doplňte do věty vhodné tvary slovesa be v přítomném čase.

    5 these books yours?
    8 Water good for you.
    10 Why you laughing?
    4 I must hurry. My children waiting for me.
    9 I right? No, you wrong!
    1 Peter, you coming to the party tonight?
    3 What going on?
    6 I not afraid of you.
    11 How much money there? There 15 dollars.
    12 It true! He lying!
    2 There lots of children.
    7 Our children too young for that.

    Do you get the joke? - Rozumíte vtipu? (Můžete užít slovník.): I have 10 legs, 8 arms and 3 heads. What am I? - A liar!

    Exercise 8

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    • Doplňte podle nápovědy správné tvary přivlastňovacích zájmen.

    9 He's a good friend of I .
    6 He can't call you. he phone isn't working.
    10 We want something for we children.
    7 The kids are hungry. They want they food.
    5 Is that your dog? What's it name?
    1 What's that girl's name? she name is Jane.
    3 There are many parents with they children.
    4 It'll be at our house, not they .
    8 I phone isn't working. Can I use you ?
    2 You can't have it. It isn't you .

    Exercise 9

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    14 Is it long/far/short from here?. No, you can walk there.
    1 How much/old/tall is your dad? – He's 43.
    3 How much/many/little people will there be?
    13 Come for/to/on! We must hurry. We'll be late in/for/to school.
    8 Don't lie! Tell me the true/truth/right.
    7 There will be not/no/any foreigners.
    11 We're leaving/going/walking out tonight.
    4 My sister is six feet long/tall/big.
    6 I'm looking/seeing/watching TV now.
    2 Which/Who/What are you looking for? – I'm looking for you.
    10 I'm making/doing/putting my best. It'll be ready in/at/on 30 minutes.
    9 Will you get/let/give me know?
    5 What book are you watching/looking/reading?
    12 We'll meet in/at/on my place in/at/on 6 p.m.

    Jít pěšky lze anglicky říct prostě jen walk, nebo také go on foot (jít na noze).

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte do věty much nebo many.

    1 How money will you need?
    6 How luggage have you got?
    7 How friends are coming?
    8 Hurry up. There isn't time.
    2 There won't be people.
    10 There are too cars.
    9 How is this car?
    5 That's too information.
    4 There isn't milk here.
    3 They've got kids and very little time.

    Exercise 11

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    • Doplňte do věty záporné stažené tvary slovesa be v přítomném čase.

    1 I ready.
    10 Why you at school?
    9 There any money.
    4 His parents glad.
    3 My brother here.
    7 We very happy.
    11 English phrases easy.
    6 This book mine.
    8 There many foreigners there.
    5 There any kids.
    2 She my sister.

    Exercise 12

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    • Utvořte otázky. Ptejte se na zvýrazněná slova.

    12 We're going out tonight.
    7 Jane and Bob are coming.
    3 Jane is still sleeping.
    4 I'm writing an e-mail.
    10 I'm not listening to you.
    1 John is leaving tomorrow.
    6 We're going on holiday.
    11 My friends are having fun.
    5 They're playing a game.
    8 Mark is visiting his friend.
    2 He's reading a book.
    9 I'm watching a film on TV.

    Exercise 13

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    • Doplňte určité a neurčité členy, kde jsou třeba.

    5 There's lot of water in sea.
    4 The Thames is river in Britain.
    10 My friends are Irish. They're from Ireland.
    11 I'll take taxi to work.
    6 Can I have little water?
    9 Jean is French. He's French student.
    2 Bob is American. He has house in USA.
    8 She's good friend of mine.
    7 There are ten cats in house.
    3 British are nice people.
    1 Jane is nice girl. She's British.

    Taxík (taxi) se též nazývá cab kæb, což je původní název pro drožku. Metro v britské angličtině je the underground ˈʌndəˌgraʊnd (podzemka) a londýnskému metru se říká the tube tjuːb. Let's take the tube. tedy v Londýně znamená “Pojedeme metrem.” V USA říkají metru subway ˈsʌbˌweɪ, ale v Británii je subway podchod!

    Exercise 14

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    • Spojte otázky a reakce.

    • 1 Am I disturbing you?
    • 2 What time will you be back?
    • 3 Shall we walk?
    • 4 Who are you looking for?
    • 5 Are you going on holiday?
    • 6 Is he American?
    • 7 How long will it take?
    • 8 What will you drink?
    • h At about half past six.
    • c It'll be ready tomorrow.
    • a No, we'll take a taxi.
    • e No, I think he's British.
    • d No, come in!
    • b Yes, we're going to the seaside.
    • f I need to speak to Mr Brown.
    • g I'll leave that to you.

    Zapamatujte si užitečný obrat: I'll leave that to you. - To nechám na vás. Podobně: Leave that to me. - Nech(te) to na mě.

    Exercise 15

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    • Doplňte some, nebo any.

    10 Can he speak foreign languages?
    2 Can I have water?
    5 Can you give me money?
    8 of them are students.
    9 I can't see children.
    3 Are there kids here?
    7 Have you got pets?
    6 We haven't got milk.
    1 We need time.
    4 There aren't people.

    Exercise 16

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    • Převeďte věty z času přítomného do budoucího prostého.

    1 They are going on holiday.
    7 We aren't at home.
    11 I can't come.
    5 We are meeting at my place.
    9 What are you doing?
    3 My mum is making dinner.
    6 He's not afraid.
    12 We must do it.
    4 I'm leaving in ten minutes.
    2 He isn't sleeping at home.
    8 When are we leaving?
    10 Who's coming?

    Exercise 17

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    • Řekněte anglicky. Použijte nápovědu.

    14 Kdy přijedou? arrive
    9 Kde se sejdeme? meet
    13 Kolik je hodin? what time
    8 Je něco k jídlu? anything to eat
    12 Dám mu vědět. let know
    3 Neumím anglicky. speak
    7 Je málo času. little
    1 Angličtina je snadná. easy
    2 Učím se anglicky. learn
    5 Posloucháš mě? listen
    11 Nejsou tam žádní lidé. no
    10 Jsou tam nějaké děti? any
    4 Pomůžeš mi? help
    6 Kdy odjíždíš? leave
    15 Já nespím! sleep

    Spát je anglicky to sleep, ale běžně lze užít i obrat be asleep əˈsliːp. Lze říct: He's sleeping., nebo He's asleep., Are you sleeping? nebo Are you asleep?

    Exercise 18

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    • Spojte související výroky.

    • 1 Grass in spring is
    • 2 Bananas are
    • 3 Chocolate is
    • 4 The sky at night is
    • 5 Good tomatoes are
    • 6 The sea is
    • 7 Oranges are
    • 8 Snow is
    • e yellow.
    • c red.
    • g blue.
    • d orange.
    • a brown.
    • f green.
    • h black.
    • b white.

    Exercise 19

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    • Doplňte slovo opačného významu.

    4 Now we are young, but we'll be too.
    5 His English is very good, but mine is .
    2 My brother is little and I am .
    3 I'm cold and she's . I'm tall and she's .
    8 There's too much work and too time.
    6 She's sad and he's .
    1 English is easy, but Japanese is .
    7 There will be many men but only women.

    Exercise 20

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    • Vyberte správnou předložku.

    12 She'll be here in/at/to five p.m. I'll speak on/to/at her.
    7 Don't call me in/at/on night.
    4 What are you doing in/at/on Monday?
    11 It isn't far of/from/to here. We'll be there at/in/to time.
    9 I'll call you on/at/in the morning.
    3 We'll meet in/at/on my place in/at/on the evening.
    1 Look at/on/to him. He's afraid at/to/of you.
    2 She'll be back in/for/on an hour.
    8 Where is he to/for/from?
    6 That's the house at/of/to my parents.
    5 It's half to/past/at six. I'm going to/at/for work.
    10 We go there on/to/at weekends.

    Speak se pojí s předložkou to nebo with (mluvit s někým). Speak to obecně naznačuje spíše snahu o jednostrannou komunikaci (mluvit k někomu, z pozice autority ap.). Např.: I'll speak to him. - Promluvím (si) s ním. (domluvím mu ap.). Speak with naznačuje hlavně dialog. Např.: I'll speak with him. - Budu s ním mluvit.

    Exercise 21

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu správné tvary sloves.

    7 How are you feel ?
    2 Why are you sit here?
    9 Stop it! It's get on my nerves.
    3 My brother speak four languages.
    11 I want see it. Can you show it to me?
    4 We're just work on it. It be ready soon.
    12 We'll go shop tomorrow.
    5 My mum have no time.
    6 Who know about it? I let you know.
    10 What are you read ? My dad read a lot.
    1 A man is wait there for you.
    13 Mark enjoy his work.
    8 They not be now. They be back soon.

    České sloveso bavit (co, koho) lze často přeložit anglickým enjoy (těšit se z něčeho, užívat si něco) nebo like (mít rád, líbit se). Je však třeba mít na paměti, že proti češtině dochází u těchto sloves k obrácení podmětu a přísudku! Tedy ne, že něco baví někoho, ale někdo má rád / užívá si něco. Např.: “Baví mě to.” - I enjoy it. ap. Když něco někoho už nebaví, většinou se užije obratu be tired of ..., tedy, že už je někdo z něčeho unavený. Např.: “Už mě to nebaví.” - I'm tired of it.

    Exercise 22

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    • Doplňte překlady vět.

    6 Promiňte, že jdu pozdě. Sorry, I'm .
    2 Odjíždíme za 2 dny. We're in two days.
    11 Udělám, co budu moci. I'll do my .
    10 V kolik hodin přijdeš? What will you come?
    8 Neříkej mu to, prosím! Please tell him!
    4 Jane o tom ví. Jane about it.
    9 Uděláš to pro mě? you do it for me?
    14 Mohu se tě na něco zeptat? May I you something?
    17 Bydlím v hotelu. I'm in a hotel.
    1 Odkud jste? Where are you ?
    12 Jak je vysoký? How is he?
    15 Dnes večer jdeme někam ven. We're going out .
    7 Vypadá to na déšť. It looks rain.
    3 Bob má spoustu přátel. Bob a lot of friends.
    18 Užij(te) si to tam! your stay!
    5 Kolik je ti let? How are you?
    13 Mohu dál? - Samozřejmě! Can I in? - Of  !
    16 Přidáte se k nám? Will you us?

    Všimněte si, jak logicky jsou tvořena slovíčka: something - some+thing (nějaká věc - něco), nothing - no+thing (žádná věc - nic), everything - every+thing (každá věc - všechno) a anything - any+thing (jakákoli věc - cokoli). Podobně fungují slova somebody (někdo), nobody (nikdo), everybody (každý) a anybody (kdokoli). Snadno se tak naučíte hned několik užitečných slov.

    Exercise 23

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    • Doplňte vhodná slova.

    10 Sorry, I have no time. I'm very now.
    12 on! Hurry . You'll be late school again!
    13 Shall we go bus or car? – We'll a taxi.
    6 He isn't here now. We will to wait for him.
    14 I'm leaving for London. – Have a safe !
    3 What are the kids doing? – They're some games.
    11 I'll be back soon. Will you for me?
    7 We're waiting you! You are again.
    1 I'm not afraid him. He's my friend.
    9 Can I with you? – No, you'll stay here.
    8 He's ! – No, he's wrong!
    5 What's the like? – It's raining again.
    2 How is she? – She's 35.
    4 are you? – I'm fine. Thanks.

    Ke slovesu leave (odejít či odjet kam) se váže předložka for, ne to, jak by si Čech mohl myslet! Leave v podstatě říká, že někdo opouští jedno místo pro jiné. Např.: I'm leaving Prague for London. - “Odjíždím z Prahy do Londýna.” Pokud po leave následuje to, je to spíše částice uvozující infinitiv, který vyjadřuje účel. Např.: He's leaving Prague to work in New York. - Odjíždí z Prahy pracovat do New Yorku.

    Exercise 24

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    • Řekněte anglicky.

    16 Nejsem připravený.
    4 Bydlíme v hotelu.
    6 Vezmeme si taxi.
    13 Bude to stačit?
    9 Chci navštívit přítele v Londýně.
    3 Dejte se druhou ulicí vlevo.
    10 Jsem Čech.
    8 Přijdeš?
    17 Budete muset počkat.
    19 Vstupte!; Dále!
    14 Co si dáte? (k jídlu ap.)
    18 Je mi horko.
    5 Zdržíme se tři dny.
    15 Jak dlouho to potrvá?
    11 Půjdeme?
    2 Nečekejte na mne.
    7 Čekáte na někoho?
    20 Šťastnou cestu!
    1 Kam jedeš na dovolenou?
    12 Požádám ho o pomoc.

    Sloveso may meɪ znamená “smět”, ale užívá se také k vyjádření potenciální možnosti či nejistoty (možná, snad ap.). Např.: You may be right. - “Možná máš pravdu”, We may go to ... - “Mohli bychom třeba jít do...”, I may be back soon. - “Možná budu brzy zpět.” ap. Více viz tvary might a may v Lekci 14.