Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Čtěte nahlas a přeložte.

    20 I have to go.
    14 Shall we go?
    16 We can't wait.
    19 I hope not.
    7 Is there anybody here?
    1 He's a learner of English.
    18 Have some!
    15 Can you help us?
    17 You'll have to ask him.
    13 What will you do?
    5 I'm not from here.
    12 That's not true!
    2 What's your name?
    3 Let me introduce myself.
    4 My name is ...
    6 Where are you from?
    11 How much is it?
    10 There are many foreigners here.
    8 Are they waiting for me?
    9 That's my sister's car.

    Exercise 2

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    • Napište anglicky celými slovy číselné údaje.

    6 86.05
    5 3.06
    9 376,750
    1 45 children
    8 17,999.5
    2 267 people
    10 14,064,559
    4 16.78
    3 876.7
    7 2,568

    V angličtině lze vyslovovat vyšší číslovky i pomocí násobku celých stovek, a to i pro čísla nad 2000. Např. 1,200 - twelve hundred, 2,500 - twenty-five hundred ap. Místo slova number se před číslem často píše No. či no.

    Exercise 3

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    • Napište věty, které uslyšíte.

    10
    6
    3
    9
    1
    7
    11
    4
    8
    5
    12
    2

    Exercise 4

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    • Spojte výroky. Naučte se názvy zemí a pojmenování jejich příslušníků.

    • 1 John is English.
    • 2 Lucia is Spanish.
    • 3 Ivan is Russian.
    • 4 Helga and Kurt are German.
    • 5 Bob and Jane are American.
    • 6 Keiko is Japanese.
    • 7 Cheng is Chinese.
    • 8 Luis and Jean are French.
    • 9 Mark and Alison are Irish.
    • 10 Paolo and Valeria are Italian.
    • b He's from China.
    • c They're from Germany.
    • j She's from Japan.
    • f She's from Spain.
    • e They're from Italy.
    • h He's from Russia.
    • g They're from the USA.
    • a They're from Ireland.
    • i They're from France.
    • d He's from England.

    Další národnosti a státní příslušníky si můžete najít ve slovníku. Nestandardní jsou ale například: dánský - Danish ˈdeɪnɪʃ, ale Dán je Dane deɪn, španělský - Spanish spænɪʃ, ale Španěl je Spaniard ˈspænjəd. My ale už víme, že: “Je to Španěl.” lze říct jednoduše pomocí adjektiva: He's Spanish. Stačí si uvědomit, kdy užít anglické podstatné jméno a kdy adjektivum.

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu správná zájmena.

    5 Here's your milk. Drink now!
    7 Who's that boy? What's name?
    10 Look. There's Bob's sister! No, that's not . She has dark hair.
    4 Call your parents and ask . They'll tell you.
    2 My sister is going out tonight. I'm going with .
    8 Our kids are too young. We can't take with us.
    12 I need to speak with him. Tell him to call .
    1 There's my brother. Go ask .
    6 We aren't ready. Can you wait for ?
    3 Our dog is hungry. We must give some food.
    9 Can I speak to , John?
    11 We must know this. Please, let know.

    Need to se užívá i jako muset (nutnost plynoucí z okolností). Např.: You need to stop it. - Musíš toho nechat., You need to listen to me. - Musíš mě poslouchat.

    Exercise 6

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    • Uspořádejte slova do vět podle běžného anglického slovosledu.

    5 will - I - it - tell - tomorrow - him - about.
    6 your - do - homework - when - you - will?
    7 back - will - we - be - about - six - at - p.m.
    8 like - weather - is - what - the - today?
    4 you - the - tonight - coming - party - to - are?
    1 speak - to - need - I - you - to.
    3 her - tell - about - don't - it!
    2 long - it - take - will - how?

    Exercise 7

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    • Doplňte do věty vhodné tvary slovesa be v přítomném čase.

    7 Our children too young for that.
    4 I must hurry. My children waiting for me.
    1 Peter, you coming to the party tonight?
    10 Why you laughing?
    5 these books yours?
    12 It true! He lying!
    8 Water good for you.
    3 What going on?
    2 There lots of children.
    9 I right? No, you wrong!
    11 How much money there? There 15 dollars.
    6 I not afraid of you.

    Do you get the joke? - Rozumíte vtipu? (Můžete užít slovník.): I have 10 legs, 8 arms and 3 heads. What am I? - A liar!

    Exercise 8

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    • Doplňte podle nápovědy správné tvary přivlastňovacích zájmen.

    7 The kids are hungry. They want they food.
    2 You can't have it. It isn't you .
    6 He can't call you. he phone isn't working.
    5 Is that your dog? What's it name?
    4 It'll be at our house, not they .
    3 There are many parents with they children.
    8 I phone isn't working. Can I use you ?
    1 What's that girl's name? she name is Jane.
    9 He's a good friend of I .
    10 We want something for we children.

    Exercise 9

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    13 Come for/to/on! We must hurry. We'll be late in/for/to school.
    1 How much/old/tall is your dad? – He's 43.
    7 There will be not/no/any foreigners.
    9 Will you get/let/give me know?
    4 My sister is six feet long/tall/big.
    12 We'll meet in/at/on my place in/at/on 6 p.m.
    5 What book are you watching/looking/reading?
    10 I'm making/doing/putting my best. It'll be ready in/at/on 30 minutes.
    2 Which/Who/What are you looking for? – I'm looking for you.
    6 I'm looking/seeing/watching TV now.
    8 Don't lie! Tell me the true/truth/right.
    11 We're leaving/going/walking out tonight.
    14 Is it long/far/short from here?. No, you can walk there.
    3 How much/many/little people will there be?

    Jít pěšky lze anglicky říct prostě jen walk, nebo také go on foot (jít na noze).

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte do věty much nebo many.

    9 How is this car?
    4 There isn't milk here.
    2 There won't be people.
    6 How luggage have you got?
    1 How money will you need?
    5 That's too information.
    8 Hurry up. There isn't time.
    3 They've got kids and very little time.
    7 How friends are coming?
    10 There are too cars.

    Exercise 11

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    • Doplňte do věty záporné stažené tvary slovesa be v přítomném čase.

    5 There any kids.
    10 Why you at school?
    11 English phrases easy.
    6 This book mine.
    3 My brother here.
    2 She my sister.
    9 There any money.
    7 We very happy.
    4 His parents glad.
    1 I ready.
    8 There many foreigners there.

    Exercise 12

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    • Utvořte otázky. Ptejte se na zvýrazněná slova.

    1 John is leaving tomorrow.
    6 We're going on holiday.
    10 I'm not listening to you.
    11 My friends are having fun.
    3 Jane is still sleeping.
    2 He's reading a book.
    5 They're playing a game.
    4 I'm writing an e-mail.
    12 We're going out tonight.
    7 Jane and Bob are coming.
    8 Mark is visiting his friend.
    9 I'm watching a film on TV.

    Exercise 13

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    • Doplňte určité a neurčité členy, kde jsou třeba.

    11 I'll take taxi to work.
    8 She's good friend of mine.
    5 There's lot of water in sea.
    10 My friends are Irish. They're from Ireland.
    3 British are nice people.
    9 Jean is French. He's French student.
    7 There are ten cats in house.
    2 Bob is American. He has house in USA.
    6 Can I have little water?
    1 Jane is nice girl. She's British.
    4 The Thames is river in Britain.

    Taxík (taxi) se též nazývá cab kæb, což je původní název pro drožku. Metro v britské angličtině je the underground ˈʌndəˌgraʊnd (podzemka) a londýnskému metru se říká the tube tjuːb. Let's take the tube. tedy v Londýně znamená “Pojedeme metrem.” V USA říkají metru subway ˈsʌbˌweɪ, ale v Británii je subway podchod!

    Exercise 14

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    • Spojte otázky a reakce.

    • 1 Am I disturbing you?
    • 2 What time will you be back?
    • 3 Shall we walk?
    • 4 Who are you looking for?
    • 5 Are you going on holiday?
    • 6 Is he American?
    • 7 How long will it take?
    • 8 What will you drink?
    • a No, we'll take a taxi.
    • d No, come in!
    • g I'll leave that to you.
    • h At about half past six.
    • e No, I think he's British.
    • b Yes, we're going to the seaside.
    • f I need to speak to Mr Brown.
    • c It'll be ready tomorrow.

    Zapamatujte si užitečný obrat: I'll leave that to you. - To nechám na vás. Podobně: Leave that to me. - Nech(te) to na mě.

    Exercise 15

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    • Doplňte some, nebo any.

    9 I can't see children.
    7 Have you got pets?
    3 Are there kids here?
    5 Can you give me money?
    10 Can he speak foreign languages?
    2 Can I have water?
    6 We haven't got milk.
    1 We need time.
    4 There aren't people.
    8 of them are students.

    Exercise 16

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    • Převeďte věty z času přítomného do budoucího prostého.

    6 He's not afraid.
    5 We are meeting at my place.
    2 He isn't sleeping at home.
    4 I'm leaving in ten minutes.
    1 They are going on holiday.
    10 Who's coming?
    12 We must do it.
    11 I can't come.
    7 We aren't at home.
    3 My mum is making dinner.
    9 What are you doing?
    8 When are we leaving?

    Exercise 17

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    • Řekněte anglicky. Použijte nápovědu.

    1 Angličtina je snadná. easy
    3 Neumím anglicky. speak
    10 Jsou tam nějaké děti? any
    9 Kde se sejdeme? meet
    6 Kdy odjíždíš? leave
    5 Posloucháš mě? listen
    8 Je něco k jídlu? anything to eat
    4 Pomůžeš mi? help
    12 Dám mu vědět. let know
    2 Učím se anglicky. learn
    7 Je málo času. little
    13 Kolik je hodin? what time
    11 Nejsou tam žádní lidé. no
    14 Kdy přijedou? arrive
    15 Já nespím! sleep

    Spát je anglicky to sleep, ale běžně lze užít i obrat be asleep əˈsliːp. Lze říct: He's sleeping., nebo He's asleep., Are you sleeping? nebo Are you asleep?

    Exercise 18

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    • Spojte související výroky.

    • 1 Grass in spring is
    • 2 Bananas are
    • 3 Chocolate is
    • 4 The sky at night is
    • 5 Good tomatoes are
    • 6 The sea is
    • 7 Oranges are
    • 8 Snow is
    • e yellow.
    • c red.
    • f green.
    • b white.
    • h black.
    • d orange.
    • a brown.
    • g blue.

    Exercise 19

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    • Doplňte slovo opačného významu.

    7 There will be many men but only women.
    3 I'm cold and she's . I'm tall and she's .
    1 English is easy, but Japanese is .
    6 She's sad and he's .
    2 My brother is little and I am .
    5 His English is very good, but mine is .
    4 Now we are young, but we'll be too.
    8 There's too much work and too time.

    Exercise 20

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    • Vyberte správnou předložku.

    8 Where is he to/for/from?
    5 It's half to/past/at six. I'm going to/at/for work.
    4 What are you doing in/at/on Monday?
    9 I'll call you on/at/in the morning.
    12 She'll be here in/at/to five p.m. I'll speak on/to/at her.
    3 We'll meet in/at/on my place in/at/on the evening.
    1 Look at/on/to him. He's afraid at/to/of you.
    2 She'll be back in/for/on an hour.
    7 Don't call me in/at/on night.
    11 It isn't far of/from/to here. We'll be there at/in/to time.
    10 We go there on/to/at weekends.
    6 That's the house at/of/to my parents.

    Speak se pojí s předložkou to nebo with (mluvit s někým). Speak to obecně naznačuje spíše snahu o jednostrannou komunikaci (mluvit k někomu, z pozice autority ap.). Např.: I'll speak to him. - Promluvím (si) s ním. (domluvím mu ap.). Speak with naznačuje hlavně dialog. Např.: I'll speak with him. - Budu s ním mluvit.

    Exercise 21

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu správné tvary sloves.

    10 What are you read ? My dad read a lot.
    13 Mark enjoy his work.
    4 We're just work on it. It be ready soon.
    6 Who know about it? I let you know.
    8 They not be now. They be back soon.
    2 Why are you sit here?
    12 We'll go shop tomorrow.
    5 My mum have no time.
    7 How are you feel ?
    1 A man is wait there for you.
    9 Stop it! It's get on my nerves.
    3 My brother speak four languages.
    11 I want see it. Can you show it to me?

    České sloveso bavit (co, koho) lze často přeložit anglickým enjoy (těšit se z něčeho, užívat si něco) nebo like (mít rád, líbit se). Je však třeba mít na paměti, že proti češtině dochází u těchto sloves k obrácení podmětu a přísudku! Tedy ne, že něco baví někoho, ale někdo má rád / užívá si něco. Např.: “Baví mě to.” - I enjoy it. ap. Když něco někoho už nebaví, většinou se užije obratu be tired of ..., tedy, že už je někdo z něčeho unavený. Např.: “Už mě to nebaví.” - I'm tired of it.

    Exercise 22

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    • Doplňte překlady vět.

    10 V kolik hodin přijdeš? What will you come?
    15 Dnes večer jdeme někam ven. We're going out .
    18 Užij(te) si to tam! your stay!
    12 Jak je vysoký? How is he?
    17 Bydlím v hotelu. I'm in a hotel.
    9 Uděláš to pro mě? you do it for me?
    2 Odjíždíme za 2 dny. We're in two days.
    5 Kolik je ti let? How are you?
    6 Promiňte, že jdu pozdě. Sorry, I'm .
    14 Mohu se tě na něco zeptat? May I you something?
    4 Jane o tom ví. Jane about it.
    8 Neříkej mu to, prosím! Please tell him!
    7 Vypadá to na déšť. It looks rain.
    11 Udělám, co budu moci. I'll do my .
    1 Odkud jste? Where are you ?
    13 Mohu dál? - Samozřejmě! Can I in? - Of  !
    3 Bob má spoustu přátel. Bob a lot of friends.
    16 Přidáte se k nám? Will you us?

    Všimněte si, jak logicky jsou tvořena slovíčka: something - some+thing (nějaká věc - něco), nothing - no+thing (žádná věc - nic), everything - every+thing (každá věc - všechno) a anything - any+thing (jakákoli věc - cokoli). Podobně fungují slova somebody (někdo), nobody (nikdo), everybody (každý) a anybody (kdokoli). Snadno se tak naučíte hned několik užitečných slov.

    Exercise 23

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    • Doplňte vhodná slova.

    11 I'll be back soon. Will you for me?
    1 I'm not afraid him. He's my friend.
    3 What are the kids doing? – They're some games.
    2 How is she? – She's 35.
    7 We're waiting you! You are again.
    13 Shall we go bus or car? – We'll a taxi.
    12 on! Hurry . You'll be late school again!
    5 What's the like? – It's raining again.
    6 He isn't here now. We will to wait for him.
    9 Can I with you? – No, you'll stay here.
    4 are you? – I'm fine. Thanks.
    10 Sorry, I have no time. I'm very now.
    14 I'm leaving for London. – Have a safe !
    8 He's ! – No, he's wrong!

    Ke slovesu leave (odejít či odjet kam) se váže předložka for, ne to, jak by si Čech mohl myslet! Leave v podstatě říká, že někdo opouští jedno místo pro jiné. Např.: I'm leaving Prague for London. - “Odjíždím z Prahy do Londýna.” Pokud po leave následuje to, je to spíše částice uvozující infinitiv, který vyjadřuje účel. Např.: He's leaving Prague to work in New York. - Odjíždí z Prahy pracovat do New Yorku.

    Exercise 24

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    • Řekněte anglicky.

    20 Šťastnou cestu!
    15 Jak dlouho to potrvá?
    3 Dejte se druhou ulicí vlevo.
    19 Vstupte!; Dále!
    17 Budete muset počkat.
    7 Čekáte na někoho?
    8 Přijdeš?
    10 Jsem Čech.
    2 Nečekejte na mne.
    5 Zdržíme se tři dny.
    13 Bude to stačit?
    12 Požádám ho o pomoc.
    9 Chci navštívit přítele v Londýně.
    16 Nejsem připravený.
    11 Půjdeme?
    6 Vezmeme si taxi.
    4 Bydlíme v hotelu.
    1 Kam jedeš na dovolenou?
    14 Co si dáte? (k jídlu ap.)
    18 Je mi horko.

    Sloveso may meɪ znamená “smět”, ale užívá se také k vyjádření potenciální možnosti či nejistoty (možná, snad ap.). Např.: You may be right. - “Možná máš pravdu”, We may go to ... - “Mohli bychom třeba jít do...”, I may be back soon. - “Možná budu brzy zpět.” ap. Více viz tvary might a may v Lekci 14.