Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Čtěte nahlas a přeložte.

    11 How much is it?
    3 Let me introduce myself.
    12 That's not true!
    1 He's a learner of English.
    14 Shall we go?
    5 I'm not from here.
    16 We can't wait.
    13 What will you do?
    19 I hope not.
    4 My name is ...
    17 You'll have to ask him.
    18 Have some!
    20 I have to go.
    10 There are many foreigners here.
    7 Is there anybody here?
    8 Are they waiting for me?
    9 That's my sister's car.
    2 What's your name?
    6 Where are you from?
    15 Can you help us?

    Exercise 2

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    • Napište anglicky celými slovy číselné údaje.

    7 2,568
    3 876.7
    8 17,999.5
    9 376,750
    1 45 children
    5 3.06
    6 86.05
    4 16.78
    2 267 people
    10 14,064,559

    V angličtině lze vyslovovat vyšší číslovky i pomocí násobku celých stovek, a to i pro čísla nad 2000. Např. 1,200 - twelve hundred, 2,500 - twenty-five hundred ap. Místo slova number se před číslem často píše No. či no.

    Exercise 3

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    • Napište věty, které uslyšíte.

    4
    1
    8
    2
    7
    12
    5
    9
    6
    3
    10
    11

    Exercise 4

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    • Spojte výroky. Naučte se názvy zemí a pojmenování jejich příslušníků.

    • 1 John is English.
    • 2 Lucia is Spanish.
    • 3 Ivan is Russian.
    • 4 Helga and Kurt are German.
    • 5 Bob and Jane are American.
    • 6 Keiko is Japanese.
    • 7 Cheng is Chinese.
    • 8 Luis and Jean are French.
    • 9 Mark and Alison are Irish.
    • 10 Paolo and Valeria are Italian.
    • d He's from England.
    • j She's from Japan.
    • c They're from Germany.
    • b He's from China.
    • g They're from the USA.
    • a They're from Ireland.
    • h He's from Russia.
    • f She's from Spain.
    • i They're from France.
    • e They're from Italy.

    Další národnosti a státní příslušníky si můžete najít ve slovníku. Nestandardní jsou ale například: dánský - Danish ˈdeɪnɪʃ, ale Dán je Dane deɪn, španělský - Spanish spænɪʃ, ale Španěl je Spaniard ˈspænjəd. My ale už víme, že: “Je to Španěl.” lze říct jednoduše pomocí adjektiva: He's Spanish. Stačí si uvědomit, kdy užít anglické podstatné jméno a kdy adjektivum.

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu správná zájmena.

    9 Can I speak to , John?
    12 I need to speak with him. Tell him to call .
    10 Look. There's Bob's sister! No, that's not . She has dark hair.
    4 Call your parents and ask . They'll tell you.
    3 Our dog is hungry. We must give some food.
    6 We aren't ready. Can you wait for ?
    5 Here's your milk. Drink now!
    11 We must know this. Please, let know.
    8 Our kids are too young. We can't take with us.
    2 My sister is going out tonight. I'm going with .
    7 Who's that boy? What's name?
    1 There's my brother. Go ask .

    Need to se užívá i jako muset (nutnost plynoucí z okolností). Např.: You need to stop it. - Musíš toho nechat., You need to listen to me. - Musíš mě poslouchat.

    Exercise 6

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    • Uspořádejte slova do vět podle běžného anglického slovosledu.

    7 back - will - we - be - about - six - at - p.m.
    2 long - it - take - will - how?
    4 you - the - tonight - coming - party - to - are?
    5 will - I - it - tell - tomorrow - him - about.
    1 speak - to - need - I - you - to.
    3 her - tell - about - don't - it!
    8 like - weather - is - what - the - today?
    6 your - do - homework - when - you - will?

    Exercise 7

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    • Doplňte do věty vhodné tvary slovesa be v přítomném čase.

    10 Why you laughing?
    12 It true! He lying!
    3 What going on?
    5 these books yours?
    9 I right? No, you wrong!
    8 Water good for you.
    11 How much money there? There 15 dollars.
    4 I must hurry. My children waiting for me.
    2 There lots of children.
    1 Peter, you coming to the party tonight?
    6 I not afraid of you.
    7 Our children too young for that.

    Do you get the joke? - Rozumíte vtipu? (Můžete užít slovník.): I have 10 legs, 8 arms and 3 heads. What am I? - A liar!

    Exercise 8

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    • Doplňte podle nápovědy správné tvary přivlastňovacích zájmen.

    9 He's a good friend of I .
    5 Is that your dog? What's it name?
    2 You can't have it. It isn't you .
    10 We want something for we children.
    3 There are many parents with they children.
    7 The kids are hungry. They want they food.
    6 He can't call you. he phone isn't working.
    4 It'll be at our house, not they .
    8 I phone isn't working. Can I use you ?
    1 What's that girl's name? she name is Jane.

    Exercise 9

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    12 We'll meet in/at/on my place in/at/on 6 p.m.
    8 Don't lie! Tell me the true/truth/right.
    1 How much/old/tall is your dad? – He's 43.
    3 How much/many/little people will there be?
    11 We're leaving/going/walking out tonight.
    13 Come for/to/on! We must hurry. We'll be late in/for/to school.
    4 My sister is six feet long/tall/big.
    10 I'm making/doing/putting my best. It'll be ready in/at/on 30 minutes.
    2 Which/Who/What are you looking for? – I'm looking for you.
    14 Is it long/far/short from here?. No, you can walk there.
    5 What book are you watching/looking/reading?
    9 Will you get/let/give me know?
    6 I'm looking/seeing/watching TV now.
    7 There will be not/no/any foreigners.

    Jít pěšky lze anglicky říct prostě jen walk, nebo také go on foot (jít na noze).

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte do věty much nebo many.

    5 That's too information.
    10 There are too cars.
    1 How money will you need?
    3 They've got kids and very little time.
    6 How luggage have you got?
    9 How is this car?
    4 There isn't milk here.
    7 How friends are coming?
    8 Hurry up. There isn't time.
    2 There won't be people.

    Exercise 11

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    • Doplňte do věty záporné stažené tvary slovesa be v přítomném čase.

    1 I ready.
    6 This book mine.
    8 There many foreigners there.
    10 Why you at school?
    7 We very happy.
    11 English phrases easy.
    9 There any money.
    3 My brother here.
    4 His parents glad.
    2 She my sister.
    5 There any kids.

    Exercise 12

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    • Utvořte otázky. Ptejte se na zvýrazněná slova.

    5 They're playing a game.
    12 We're going out tonight.
    2 He's reading a book.
    6 We're going on holiday.
    7 Jane and Bob are coming.
    1 John is leaving tomorrow.
    10 I'm not listening to you.
    8 Mark is visiting his friend.
    9 I'm watching a film on TV.
    11 My friends are having fun.
    3 Jane is still sleeping.
    4 I'm writing an e-mail.

    Exercise 13

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    • Doplňte určité a neurčité členy, kde jsou třeba.

    5 There's lot of water in sea.
    11 I'll take taxi to work.
    2 Bob is American. He has house in USA.
    7 There are ten cats in house.
    1 Jane is nice girl. She's British.
    3 British are nice people.
    10 My friends are Irish. They're from Ireland.
    4 The Thames is river in Britain.
    9 Jean is French. He's French student.
    8 She's good friend of mine.
    6 Can I have little water?

    Taxík (taxi) se též nazývá cab kæb, což je původní název pro drožku. Metro v britské angličtině je the underground ˈʌndəˌgraʊnd (podzemka) a londýnskému metru se říká the tube tjuːb. Let's take the tube. tedy v Londýně znamená “Pojedeme metrem.” V USA říkají metru subway ˈsʌbˌweɪ, ale v Británii je subway podchod!

    Exercise 14

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    • Spojte otázky a reakce.

    • 1 Am I disturbing you?
    • 2 What time will you be back?
    • 3 Shall we walk?
    • 4 Who are you looking for?
    • 5 Are you going on holiday?
    • 6 Is he American?
    • 7 How long will it take?
    • 8 What will you drink?
    • d No, come in!
    • f I need to speak to Mr Brown.
    • g I'll leave that to you.
    • e No, I think he's British.
    • b Yes, we're going to the seaside.
    • c It'll be ready tomorrow.
    • h At about half past six.
    • a No, we'll take a taxi.

    Zapamatujte si užitečný obrat: I'll leave that to you. - To nechám na vás. Podobně: Leave that to me. - Nech(te) to na mě.

    Exercise 15

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    • Doplňte some, nebo any.

    4 There aren't people.
    10 Can he speak foreign languages?
    3 Are there kids here?
    8 of them are students.
    7 Have you got pets?
    2 Can I have water?
    9 I can't see children.
    1 We need time.
    5 Can you give me money?
    6 We haven't got milk.

    Exercise 16

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    • Převeďte věty z času přítomného do budoucího prostého.

    12 We must do it.
    11 I can't come.
    5 We are meeting at my place.
    2 He isn't sleeping at home.
    9 What are you doing?
    7 We aren't at home.
    8 When are we leaving?
    1 They are going on holiday.
    3 My mum is making dinner.
    6 He's not afraid.
    10 Who's coming?
    4 I'm leaving in ten minutes.

    Exercise 17

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    • Řekněte anglicky. Použijte nápovědu.

    14 Kdy přijedou? arrive
    15 Já nespím! sleep
    12 Dám mu vědět. let know
    11 Nejsou tam žádní lidé. no
    10 Jsou tam nějaké děti? any
    13 Kolik je hodin? what time
    5 Posloucháš mě? listen
    8 Je něco k jídlu? anything to eat
    6 Kdy odjíždíš? leave
    2 Učím se anglicky. learn
    9 Kde se sejdeme? meet
    1 Angličtina je snadná. easy
    4 Pomůžeš mi? help
    7 Je málo času. little
    3 Neumím anglicky. speak

    Spát je anglicky to sleep, ale běžně lze užít i obrat be asleep əˈsliːp. Lze říct: He's sleeping., nebo He's asleep., Are you sleeping? nebo Are you asleep?

    Exercise 18

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    • Spojte související výroky.

    • 1 Grass in spring is
    • 2 Bananas are
    • 3 Chocolate is
    • 4 The sky at night is
    • 5 Good tomatoes are
    • 6 The sea is
    • 7 Oranges are
    • 8 Snow is
    • d orange.
    • f green.
    • h black.
    • b white.
    • c red.
    • a brown.
    • g blue.
    • e yellow.

    Exercise 19

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    • Doplňte slovo opačného významu.

    2 My brother is little and I am .
    1 English is easy, but Japanese is .
    3 I'm cold and she's . I'm tall and she's .
    6 She's sad and he's .
    7 There will be many men but only women.
    8 There's too much work and too time.
    5 His English is very good, but mine is .
    4 Now we are young, but we'll be too.

    Exercise 20

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    • Vyberte správnou předložku.

    6 That's the house at/of/to my parents.
    3 We'll meet in/at/on my place in/at/on the evening.
    11 It isn't far of/from/to here. We'll be there at/in/to time.
    10 We go there on/to/at weekends.
    5 It's half to/past/at six. I'm going to/at/for work.
    12 She'll be here in/at/to five p.m. I'll speak on/to/at her.
    4 What are you doing in/at/on Monday?
    9 I'll call you on/at/in the morning.
    7 Don't call me in/at/on night.
    2 She'll be back in/for/on an hour.
    8 Where is he to/for/from?
    1 Look at/on/to him. He's afraid at/to/of you.

    Speak se pojí s předložkou to nebo with (mluvit s někým). Speak to obecně naznačuje spíše snahu o jednostrannou komunikaci (mluvit k někomu, z pozice autority ap.). Např.: I'll speak to him. - Promluvím (si) s ním. (domluvím mu ap.). Speak with naznačuje hlavně dialog. Např.: I'll speak with him. - Budu s ním mluvit.

    Exercise 21

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu správné tvary sloves.

    2 Why are you sit here?
    13 Mark enjoy his work.
    3 My brother speak four languages.
    6 Who know about it? I let you know.
    12 We'll go shop tomorrow.
    10 What are you read ? My dad read a lot.
    1 A man is wait there for you.
    7 How are you feel ?
    11 I want see it. Can you show it to me?
    5 My mum have no time.
    4 We're just work on it. It be ready soon.
    8 They not be now. They be back soon.
    9 Stop it! It's get on my nerves.

    České sloveso bavit (co, koho) lze často přeložit anglickým enjoy (těšit se z něčeho, užívat si něco) nebo like (mít rád, líbit se). Je však třeba mít na paměti, že proti češtině dochází u těchto sloves k obrácení podmětu a přísudku! Tedy ne, že něco baví někoho, ale někdo má rád / užívá si něco. Např.: “Baví mě to.” - I enjoy it. ap. Když něco někoho už nebaví, většinou se užije obratu be tired of ..., tedy, že už je někdo z něčeho unavený. Např.: “Už mě to nebaví.” - I'm tired of it.

    Exercise 22

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    • Doplňte překlady vět.

    11 Udělám, co budu moci. I'll do my .
    4 Jane o tom ví. Jane about it.
    5 Kolik je ti let? How are you?
    16 Přidáte se k nám? Will you us?
    9 Uděláš to pro mě? you do it for me?
    7 Vypadá to na déšť. It looks rain.
    18 Užij(te) si to tam! your stay!
    8 Neříkej mu to, prosím! Please tell him!
    15 Dnes večer jdeme někam ven. We're going out .
    3 Bob má spoustu přátel. Bob a lot of friends.
    13 Mohu dál? - Samozřejmě! Can I in? - Of  !
    6 Promiňte, že jdu pozdě. Sorry, I'm .
    1 Odkud jste? Where are you ?
    17 Bydlím v hotelu. I'm in a hotel.
    12 Jak je vysoký? How is he?
    10 V kolik hodin přijdeš? What will you come?
    14 Mohu se tě na něco zeptat? May I you something?
    2 Odjíždíme za 2 dny. We're in two days.

    Všimněte si, jak logicky jsou tvořena slovíčka: something - some+thing (nějaká věc - něco), nothing - no+thing (žádná věc - nic), everything - every+thing (každá věc - všechno) a anything - any+thing (jakákoli věc - cokoli). Podobně fungují slova somebody (někdo), nobody (nikdo), everybody (každý) a anybody (kdokoli). Snadno se tak naučíte hned několik užitečných slov.

    Exercise 23

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    • Doplňte vhodná slova.

    7 We're waiting you! You are again.
    14 I'm leaving for London. – Have a safe !
    5 What's the like? – It's raining again.
    9 Can I with you? – No, you'll stay here.
    12 on! Hurry . You'll be late school again!
    4 are you? – I'm fine. Thanks.
    11 I'll be back soon. Will you for me?
    6 He isn't here now. We will to wait for him.
    13 Shall we go bus or car? – We'll a taxi.
    3 What are the kids doing? – They're some games.
    8 He's ! – No, he's wrong!
    1 I'm not afraid him. He's my friend.
    2 How is she? – She's 35.
    10 Sorry, I have no time. I'm very now.

    Ke slovesu leave (odejít či odjet kam) se váže předložka for, ne to, jak by si Čech mohl myslet! Leave v podstatě říká, že někdo opouští jedno místo pro jiné. Např.: I'm leaving Prague for London. - “Odjíždím z Prahy do Londýna.” Pokud po leave následuje to, je to spíše částice uvozující infinitiv, který vyjadřuje účel. Např.: He's leaving Prague to work in New York. - Odjíždí z Prahy pracovat do New Yorku.

    Exercise 24

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    • Řekněte anglicky.

    8 Přijdeš?
    2 Nečekejte na mne.
    4 Bydlíme v hotelu.
    5 Zdržíme se tři dny.
    16 Nejsem připravený.
    14 Co si dáte? (k jídlu ap.)
    13 Bude to stačit?
    6 Vezmeme si taxi.
    7 Čekáte na někoho?
    17 Budete muset počkat.
    12 Požádám ho o pomoc.
    18 Je mi horko.
    15 Jak dlouho to potrvá?
    20 Šťastnou cestu!
    10 Jsem Čech.
    19 Vstupte!; Dále!
    11 Půjdeme?
    1 Kam jedeš na dovolenou?
    3 Dejte se druhou ulicí vlevo.
    9 Chci navštívit přítele v Londýně.

    Sloveso may meɪ znamená “smět”, ale užívá se také k vyjádření potenciální možnosti či nejistoty (možná, snad ap.). Např.: You may be right. - “Možná máš pravdu”, We may go to ... - “Mohli bychom třeba jít do...”, I may be back soon. - “Možná budu brzy zpět.” ap. Více viz tvary might a may v Lekci 14.