Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Čtěte nahlas a přeložte.

    3 Let me introduce myself.
    16 We can't wait.
    12 That's not true!
    2 What's your name?
    1 He's a learner of English.
    8 Are they waiting for me?
    19 I hope not.
    10 There are many foreigners here.
    9 That's my sister's car.
    14 Shall we go?
    15 Can you help us?
    5 I'm not from here.
    7 Is there anybody here?
    6 Where are you from?
    4 My name is ...
    18 Have some!
    17 You'll have to ask him.
    11 How much is it?
    20 I have to go.
    13 What will you do?

    Exercise 2

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    • Napište anglicky celými slovy číselné údaje.

    5 3.06
    6 86.05
    1 45 children
    4 16.78
    7 2,568
    2 267 people
    10 14,064,559
    3 876.7
    8 17,999.5
    9 376,750

    V angličtině lze vyslovovat vyšší číslovky i pomocí násobku celých stovek, a to i pro čísla nad 2000. Např. 1,200 - twelve hundred, 2,500 - twenty-five hundred ap. Místo slova number se před číslem často píše No. či no.

    Exercise 3

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    • Napište věty, které uslyšíte.

    3
    5
    12
    10
    4
    6
    11
    9
    8
    7
    1
    2

    Exercise 4

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    • Spojte výroky. Naučte se názvy zemí a pojmenování jejich příslušníků.

    • 1 John is English.
    • 2 Lucia is Spanish.
    • 3 Ivan is Russian.
    • 4 Helga and Kurt are German.
    • 5 Bob and Jane are American.
    • 6 Keiko is Japanese.
    • 7 Cheng is Chinese.
    • 8 Luis and Jean are French.
    • 9 Mark and Alison are Irish.
    • 10 Paolo and Valeria are Italian.
    • e They're from Italy.
    • d He's from England.
    • b He's from China.
    • h He's from Russia.
    • a They're from Ireland.
    • i They're from France.
    • g They're from the USA.
    • c They're from Germany.
    • f She's from Spain.
    • j She's from Japan.

    Další národnosti a státní příslušníky si můžete najít ve slovníku. Nestandardní jsou ale například: dánský - Danish ˈdeɪnɪʃ, ale Dán je Dane deɪn, španělský - Spanish spænɪʃ, ale Španěl je Spaniard ˈspænjəd. My ale už víme, že: “Je to Španěl.” lze říct jednoduše pomocí adjektiva: He's Spanish. Stačí si uvědomit, kdy užít anglické podstatné jméno a kdy adjektivum.

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu správná zájmena.

    1 There's my brother. Go ask .
    5 Here's your milk. Drink now!
    8 Our kids are too young. We can't take with us.
    10 Look. There's Bob's sister! No, that's not . She has dark hair.
    4 Call your parents and ask . They'll tell you.
    7 Who's that boy? What's name?
    9 Can I speak to , John?
    6 We aren't ready. Can you wait for ?
    2 My sister is going out tonight. I'm going with .
    12 I need to speak with him. Tell him to call .
    11 We must know this. Please, let know.
    3 Our dog is hungry. We must give some food.

    Need to se užívá i jako muset (nutnost plynoucí z okolností). Např.: You need to stop it. - Musíš toho nechat., You need to listen to me. - Musíš mě poslouchat.

    Exercise 6

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    • Uspořádejte slova do vět podle běžného anglického slovosledu.

    8 like - weather - is - what - the - today?
    2 long - it - take - will - how?
    7 back - will - we - be - about - six - at - p.m.
    5 will - I - it - tell - tomorrow - him - about.
    4 you - the - tonight - coming - party - to - are?
    1 speak - to - need - I - you - to.
    6 your - do - homework - when - you - will?
    3 her - tell - about - don't - it!

    Exercise 7

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    • Doplňte do věty vhodné tvary slovesa be v přítomném čase.

    6 I not afraid of you.
    11 How much money there? There 15 dollars.
    4 I must hurry. My children waiting for me.
    2 There lots of children.
    1 Peter, you coming to the party tonight?
    10 Why you laughing?
    3 What going on?
    8 Water good for you.
    9 I right? No, you wrong!
    5 these books yours?
    12 It true! He lying!
    7 Our children too young for that.

    Do you get the joke? - Rozumíte vtipu? (Můžete užít slovník.): I have 10 legs, 8 arms and 3 heads. What am I? - A liar!

    Exercise 8

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    • Doplňte podle nápovědy správné tvary přivlastňovacích zájmen.

    1 What's that girl's name? she name is Jane.
    7 The kids are hungry. They want they food.
    3 There are many parents with they children.
    9 He's a good friend of I .
    5 Is that your dog? What's it name?
    2 You can't have it. It isn't you .
    8 I phone isn't working. Can I use you ?
    4 It'll be at our house, not they .
    10 We want something for we children.
    6 He can't call you. he phone isn't working.

    Exercise 9

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    12 We'll meet in/at/on my place in/at/on 6 p.m.
    9 Will you get/let/give me know?
    5 What book are you watching/looking/reading?
    14 Is it long/far/short from here?. No, you can walk there.
    10 I'm making/doing/putting my best. It'll be ready in/at/on 30 minutes.
    4 My sister is six feet long/tall/big.
    8 Don't lie! Tell me the true/truth/right.
    1 How much/old/tall is your dad? – He's 43.
    6 I'm looking/seeing/watching TV now.
    3 How much/many/little people will there be?
    7 There will be not/no/any foreigners.
    13 Come for/to/on! We must hurry. We'll be late in/for/to school.
    2 Which/Who/What are you looking for? – I'm looking for you.
    11 We're leaving/going/walking out tonight.

    Jít pěšky lze anglicky říct prostě jen walk, nebo také go on foot (jít na noze).

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte do věty much nebo many.

    7 How friends are coming?
    2 There won't be people.
    4 There isn't milk here.
    9 How is this car?
    6 How luggage have you got?
    8 Hurry up. There isn't time.
    10 There are too cars.
    1 How money will you need?
    3 They've got kids and very little time.
    5 That's too information.

    Exercise 11

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    • Doplňte do věty záporné stažené tvary slovesa be v přítomném čase.

    9 There any money.
    11 English phrases easy.
    5 There any kids.
    3 My brother here.
    7 We very happy.
    6 This book mine.
    1 I ready.
    10 Why you at school?
    4 His parents glad.
    2 She my sister.
    8 There many foreigners there.

    Exercise 12

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    • Utvořte otázky. Ptejte se na zvýrazněná slova.

    9 I'm watching a film on TV.
    4 I'm writing an e-mail.
    3 Jane is still sleeping.
    5 They're playing a game.
    10 I'm not listening to you.
    12 We're going out tonight.
    11 My friends are having fun.
    7 Jane and Bob are coming.
    6 We're going on holiday.
    2 He's reading a book.
    8 Mark is visiting his friend.
    1 John is leaving tomorrow.

    Exercise 13

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    • Doplňte určité a neurčité členy, kde jsou třeba.

    8 She's good friend of mine.
    1 Jane is nice girl. She's British.
    11 I'll take taxi to work.
    5 There's lot of water in sea.
    10 My friends are Irish. They're from Ireland.
    4 The Thames is river in Britain.
    2 Bob is American. He has house in USA.
    7 There are ten cats in house.
    3 British are nice people.
    6 Can I have little water?
    9 Jean is French. He's French student.

    Taxík (taxi) se též nazývá cab kæb, což je původní název pro drožku. Metro v britské angličtině je the underground ˈʌndəˌgraʊnd (podzemka) a londýnskému metru se říká the tube tjuːb. Let's take the tube. tedy v Londýně znamená “Pojedeme metrem.” V USA říkají metru subway ˈsʌbˌweɪ, ale v Británii je subway podchod!

    Exercise 14

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    • Spojte otázky a reakce.

    • 1 Am I disturbing you?
    • 2 What time will you be back?
    • 3 Shall we walk?
    • 4 Who are you looking for?
    • 5 Are you going on holiday?
    • 6 Is he American?
    • 7 How long will it take?
    • 8 What will you drink?
    • d No, come in!
    • a No, we'll take a taxi.
    • c It'll be ready tomorrow.
    • g I'll leave that to you.
    • h At about half past six.
    • b Yes, we're going to the seaside.
    • f I need to speak to Mr Brown.
    • e No, I think he's British.

    Zapamatujte si užitečný obrat: I'll leave that to you. - To nechám na vás. Podobně: Leave that to me. - Nech(te) to na mě.

    Exercise 15

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    • Doplňte some, nebo any.

    8 of them are students.
    7 Have you got pets?
    4 There aren't people.
    9 I can't see children.
    1 We need time.
    10 Can he speak foreign languages?
    2 Can I have water?
    6 We haven't got milk.
    3 Are there kids here?
    5 Can you give me money?

    Exercise 16

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    • Převeďte věty z času přítomného do budoucího prostého.

    8 When are we leaving?
    11 I can't come.
    10 Who's coming?
    2 He isn't sleeping at home.
    12 We must do it.
    7 We aren't at home.
    5 We are meeting at my place.
    9 What are you doing?
    3 My mum is making dinner.
    4 I'm leaving in ten minutes.
    6 He's not afraid.
    1 They are going on holiday.

    Exercise 17

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    • Řekněte anglicky. Použijte nápovědu.

    5 Posloucháš mě? listen
    4 Pomůžeš mi? help
    15 Já nespím! sleep
    11 Nejsou tam žádní lidé. no
    7 Je málo času. little
    3 Neumím anglicky. speak
    2 Učím se anglicky. learn
    9 Kde se sejdeme? meet
    13 Kolik je hodin? what time
    1 Angličtina je snadná. easy
    8 Je něco k jídlu? anything to eat
    10 Jsou tam nějaké děti? any
    14 Kdy přijedou? arrive
    12 Dám mu vědět. let know
    6 Kdy odjíždíš? leave

    Spát je anglicky to sleep, ale běžně lze užít i obrat be asleep əˈsliːp. Lze říct: He's sleeping., nebo He's asleep., Are you sleeping? nebo Are you asleep?

    Exercise 18

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    • Spojte související výroky.

    • 1 Grass in spring is
    • 2 Bananas are
    • 3 Chocolate is
    • 4 The sky at night is
    • 5 Good tomatoes are
    • 6 The sea is
    • 7 Oranges are
    • 8 Snow is
    • c red.
    • a brown.
    • d orange.
    • g blue.
    • h black.
    • b white.
    • e yellow.
    • f green.

    Exercise 19

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    • Doplňte slovo opačného významu.

    8 There's too much work and too time.
    3 I'm cold and she's . I'm tall and she's .
    2 My brother is little and I am .
    6 She's sad and he's .
    1 English is easy, but Japanese is .
    5 His English is very good, but mine is .
    4 Now we are young, but we'll be too.
    7 There will be many men but only women.

    Exercise 20

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    • Vyberte správnou předložku.

    1 Look at/on/to him. He's afraid at/to/of you.
    6 That's the house at/of/to my parents.
    4 What are you doing in/at/on Monday?
    9 I'll call you on/at/in the morning.
    10 We go there on/to/at weekends.
    7 Don't call me in/at/on night.
    8 Where is he to/for/from?
    2 She'll be back in/for/on an hour.
    3 We'll meet in/at/on my place in/at/on the evening.
    11 It isn't far of/from/to here. We'll be there at/in/to time.
    5 It's half to/past/at six. I'm going to/at/for work.
    12 She'll be here in/at/to five p.m. I'll speak on/to/at her.

    Speak se pojí s předložkou to nebo with (mluvit s někým). Speak to obecně naznačuje spíše snahu o jednostrannou komunikaci (mluvit k někomu, z pozice autority ap.). Např.: I'll speak to him. - Promluvím (si) s ním. (domluvím mu ap.). Speak with naznačuje hlavně dialog. Např.: I'll speak with him. - Budu s ním mluvit.

    Exercise 21

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu správné tvary sloves.

    2 Why are you sit here?
    8 They not be now. They be back soon.
    9 Stop it! It's get on my nerves.
    1 A man is wait there for you.
    10 What are you read ? My dad read a lot.
    13 Mark enjoy his work.
    5 My mum have no time.
    3 My brother speak four languages.
    4 We're just work on it. It be ready soon.
    7 How are you feel ?
    12 We'll go shop tomorrow.
    11 I want see it. Can you show it to me?
    6 Who know about it? I let you know.

    České sloveso bavit (co, koho) lze často přeložit anglickým enjoy (těšit se z něčeho, užívat si něco) nebo like (mít rád, líbit se). Je však třeba mít na paměti, že proti češtině dochází u těchto sloves k obrácení podmětu a přísudku! Tedy ne, že něco baví někoho, ale někdo má rád / užívá si něco. Např.: “Baví mě to.” - I enjoy it. ap. Když něco někoho už nebaví, většinou se užije obratu be tired of ..., tedy, že už je někdo z něčeho unavený. Např.: “Už mě to nebaví.” - I'm tired of it.

    Exercise 22

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    • Doplňte překlady vět.

    5 Kolik je ti let? How are you?
    12 Jak je vysoký? How is he?
    7 Vypadá to na déšť. It looks rain.
    4 Jane o tom ví. Jane about it.
    16 Přidáte se k nám? Will you us?
    10 V kolik hodin přijdeš? What will you come?
    13 Mohu dál? - Samozřejmě! Can I in? - Of  !
    9 Uděláš to pro mě? you do it for me?
    1 Odkud jste? Where are you ?
    15 Dnes večer jdeme někam ven. We're going out .
    8 Neříkej mu to, prosím! Please tell him!
    3 Bob má spoustu přátel. Bob a lot of friends.
    2 Odjíždíme za 2 dny. We're in two days.
    11 Udělám, co budu moci. I'll do my .
    6 Promiňte, že jdu pozdě. Sorry, I'm .
    17 Bydlím v hotelu. I'm in a hotel.
    14 Mohu se tě na něco zeptat? May I you something?
    18 Užij(te) si to tam! your stay!

    Všimněte si, jak logicky jsou tvořena slovíčka: something - some+thing (nějaká věc - něco), nothing - no+thing (žádná věc - nic), everything - every+thing (každá věc - všechno) a anything - any+thing (jakákoli věc - cokoli). Podobně fungují slova somebody (někdo), nobody (nikdo), everybody (každý) a anybody (kdokoli). Snadno se tak naučíte hned několik užitečných slov.

    Exercise 23

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    • Doplňte vhodná slova.

    10 Sorry, I have no time. I'm very now.
    1 I'm not afraid him. He's my friend.
    9 Can I with you? – No, you'll stay here.
    12 on! Hurry . You'll be late school again!
    3 What are the kids doing? – They're some games.
    8 He's ! – No, he's wrong!
    7 We're waiting you! You are again.
    5 What's the like? – It's raining again.
    4 are you? – I'm fine. Thanks.
    6 He isn't here now. We will to wait for him.
    11 I'll be back soon. Will you for me?
    13 Shall we go bus or car? – We'll a taxi.
    2 How is she? – She's 35.
    14 I'm leaving for London. – Have a safe !

    Ke slovesu leave (odejít či odjet kam) se váže předložka for, ne to, jak by si Čech mohl myslet! Leave v podstatě říká, že někdo opouští jedno místo pro jiné. Např.: I'm leaving Prague for London. - “Odjíždím z Prahy do Londýna.” Pokud po leave následuje to, je to spíše částice uvozující infinitiv, který vyjadřuje účel. Např.: He's leaving Prague to work in New York. - Odjíždí z Prahy pracovat do New Yorku.

    Exercise 24

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    • Řekněte anglicky.

    5 Zdržíme se tři dny.
    11 Půjdeme?
    9 Chci navštívit přítele v Londýně.
    4 Bydlíme v hotelu.
    1 Kam jedeš na dovolenou?
    2 Nečekejte na mne.
    18 Je mi horko.
    7 Čekáte na někoho?
    14 Co si dáte? (k jídlu ap.)
    12 Požádám ho o pomoc.
    3 Dejte se druhou ulicí vlevo.
    19 Vstupte!; Dále!
    8 Přijdeš?
    6 Vezmeme si taxi.
    10 Jsem Čech.
    16 Nejsem připravený.
    17 Budete muset počkat.
    13 Bude to stačit?
    20 Šťastnou cestu!
    15 Jak dlouho to potrvá?

    Sloveso may meɪ znamená “smět”, ale užívá se také k vyjádření potenciální možnosti či nejistoty (možná, snad ap.). Např.: You may be right. - “Možná máš pravdu”, We may go to ... - “Mohli bychom třeba jít do...”, I may be back soon. - “Možná budu brzy zpět.” ap. Více viz tvary might a may v Lekci 14.