Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Čtěte nahlas a přeložte.

    17 You'll have to ask him.
    7 Is there anybody here?
    8 Are they waiting for me?
    19 I hope not.
    20 I have to go.
    6 Where are you from?
    4 My name is ...
    1 He's a learner of English.
    14 Shall we go?
    16 We can't wait.
    13 What will you do?
    11 How much is it?
    18 Have some!
    15 Can you help us?
    10 There are many foreigners here.
    2 What's your name?
    9 That's my sister's car.
    5 I'm not from here.
    3 Let me introduce myself.
    12 That's not true!

    Exercise 2

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    • Napište anglicky celými slovy číselné údaje.

    10 14,064,559
    2 267 people
    4 16.78
    7 2,568
    5 3.06
    1 45 children
    9 376,750
    6 86.05
    3 876.7
    8 17,999.5

    V angličtině lze vyslovovat vyšší číslovky i pomocí násobku celých stovek, a to i pro čísla nad 2000. Např. 1,200 - twelve hundred, 2,500 - twenty-five hundred ap. Místo slova number se před číslem často píše No. či no.

    Exercise 3

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    • Napište věty, které uslyšíte.

    5
    1
    11
    3
    10
    4
    6
    12
    8
    7
    2
    9

    Exercise 4

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    • Spojte výroky. Naučte se názvy zemí a pojmenování jejich příslušníků.

    • 1 John is English.
    • 2 Lucia is Spanish.
    • 3 Ivan is Russian.
    • 4 Helga and Kurt are German.
    • 5 Bob and Jane are American.
    • 6 Keiko is Japanese.
    • 7 Cheng is Chinese.
    • 8 Luis and Jean are French.
    • 9 Mark and Alison are Irish.
    • 10 Paolo and Valeria are Italian.
    • d He's from England.
    • e They're from Italy.
    • g They're from the USA.
    • i They're from France.
    • b He's from China.
    • a They're from Ireland.
    • j She's from Japan.
    • c They're from Germany.
    • f She's from Spain.
    • h He's from Russia.

    Další národnosti a státní příslušníky si můžete najít ve slovníku. Nestandardní jsou ale například: dánský - Danish ˈdeɪnɪʃ, ale Dán je Dane deɪn, španělský - Spanish spænɪʃ, ale Španěl je Spaniard ˈspænjəd. My ale už víme, že: “Je to Španěl.” lze říct jednoduše pomocí adjektiva: He's Spanish. Stačí si uvědomit, kdy užít anglické podstatné jméno a kdy adjektivum.

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu správná zájmena.

    5 Here's your milk. Drink now!
    9 Can I speak to , John?
    7 Who's that boy? What's name?
    11 We must know this. Please, let know.
    1 There's my brother. Go ask .
    12 I need to speak with him. Tell him to call .
    3 Our dog is hungry. We must give some food.
    10 Look. There's Bob's sister! No, that's not . She has dark hair.
    4 Call your parents and ask . They'll tell you.
    2 My sister is going out tonight. I'm going with .
    8 Our kids are too young. We can't take with us.
    6 We aren't ready. Can you wait for ?

    Need to se užívá i jako muset (nutnost plynoucí z okolností). Např.: You need to stop it. - Musíš toho nechat., You need to listen to me. - Musíš mě poslouchat.

    Exercise 6

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    • Uspořádejte slova do vět podle běžného anglického slovosledu.

    1 speak - to - need - I - you - to.
    8 like - weather - is - what - the - today?
    4 you - the - tonight - coming - party - to - are?
    3 her - tell - about - don't - it!
    5 will - I - it - tell - tomorrow - him - about.
    7 back - will - we - be - about - six - at - p.m.
    2 long - it - take - will - how?
    6 your - do - homework - when - you - will?

    Exercise 7

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    • Doplňte do věty vhodné tvary slovesa be v přítomném čase.

    12 It true! He lying!
    2 There lots of children.
    10 Why you laughing?
    9 I right? No, you wrong!
    4 I must hurry. My children waiting for me.
    8 Water good for you.
    3 What going on?
    1 Peter, you coming to the party tonight?
    7 Our children too young for that.
    11 How much money there? There 15 dollars.
    6 I not afraid of you.
    5 these books yours?

    Do you get the joke? - Rozumíte vtipu? (Můžete užít slovník.): I have 10 legs, 8 arms and 3 heads. What am I? - A liar!

    Exercise 8

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    • Doplňte podle nápovědy správné tvary přivlastňovacích zájmen.

    4 It'll be at our house, not they .
    9 He's a good friend of I .
    10 We want something for we children.
    8 I phone isn't working. Can I use you ?
    2 You can't have it. It isn't you .
    6 He can't call you. he phone isn't working.
    7 The kids are hungry. They want they food.
    1 What's that girl's name? she name is Jane.
    3 There are many parents with they children.
    5 Is that your dog? What's it name?

    Exercise 9

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    13 Come for/to/on! We must hurry. We'll be late in/for/to school.
    14 Is it long/far/short from here?. No, you can walk there.
    10 I'm making/doing/putting my best. It'll be ready in/at/on 30 minutes.
    1 How much/old/tall is your dad? – He's 43.
    2 Which/Who/What are you looking for? – I'm looking for you.
    9 Will you get/let/give me know?
    12 We'll meet in/at/on my place in/at/on 6 p.m.
    7 There will be not/no/any foreigners.
    11 We're leaving/going/walking out tonight.
    3 How much/many/little people will there be?
    4 My sister is six feet long/tall/big.
    6 I'm looking/seeing/watching TV now.
    5 What book are you watching/looking/reading?
    8 Don't lie! Tell me the true/truth/right.

    Jít pěšky lze anglicky říct prostě jen walk, nebo také go on foot (jít na noze).

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte do věty much nebo many.

    9 How is this car?
    1 How money will you need?
    8 Hurry up. There isn't time.
    10 There are too cars.
    7 How friends are coming?
    6 How luggage have you got?
    2 There won't be people.
    5 That's too information.
    3 They've got kids and very little time.
    4 There isn't milk here.

    Exercise 11

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    • Doplňte do věty záporné stažené tvary slovesa be v přítomném čase.

    5 There any kids.
    6 This book mine.
    8 There many foreigners there.
    2 She my sister.
    7 We very happy.
    3 My brother here.
    1 I ready.
    9 There any money.
    4 His parents glad.
    11 English phrases easy.
    10 Why you at school?

    Exercise 12

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    • Utvořte otázky. Ptejte se na zvýrazněná slova.

    9 I'm watching a film on TV.
    5 They're playing a game.
    4 I'm writing an e-mail.
    7 Jane and Bob are coming.
    6 We're going on holiday.
    1 John is leaving tomorrow.
    8 Mark is visiting his friend.
    12 We're going out tonight.
    3 Jane is still sleeping.
    2 He's reading a book.
    11 My friends are having fun.
    10 I'm not listening to you.

    Exercise 13

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    • Doplňte určité a neurčité členy, kde jsou třeba.

    2 Bob is American. He has house in USA.
    4 The Thames is river in Britain.
    11 I'll take taxi to work.
    6 Can I have little water?
    9 Jean is French. He's French student.
    8 She's good friend of mine.
    10 My friends are Irish. They're from Ireland.
    1 Jane is nice girl. She's British.
    3 British are nice people.
    5 There's lot of water in sea.
    7 There are ten cats in house.

    Taxík (taxi) se též nazývá cab kæb, což je původní název pro drožku. Metro v britské angličtině je the underground ˈʌndəˌgraʊnd (podzemka) a londýnskému metru se říká the tube tjuːb. Let's take the tube. tedy v Londýně znamená “Pojedeme metrem.” V USA říkají metru subway ˈsʌbˌweɪ, ale v Británii je subway podchod!

    Exercise 14

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    • Spojte otázky a reakce.

    • 1 Am I disturbing you?
    • 2 What time will you be back?
    • 3 Shall we walk?
    • 4 Who are you looking for?
    • 5 Are you going on holiday?
    • 6 Is he American?
    • 7 How long will it take?
    • 8 What will you drink?
    • g I'll leave that to you.
    • c It'll be ready tomorrow.
    • f I need to speak to Mr Brown.
    • e No, I think he's British.
    • h At about half past six.
    • d No, come in!
    • a No, we'll take a taxi.
    • b Yes, we're going to the seaside.

    Zapamatujte si užitečný obrat: I'll leave that to you. - To nechám na vás. Podobně: Leave that to me. - Nech(te) to na mě.

    Exercise 15

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    • Doplňte some, nebo any.

    3 Are there kids here?
    6 We haven't got milk.
    5 Can you give me money?
    10 Can he speak foreign languages?
    1 We need time.
    4 There aren't people.
    8 of them are students.
    9 I can't see children.
    2 Can I have water?
    7 Have you got pets?

    Exercise 16

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    • Převeďte věty z času přítomného do budoucího prostého.

    11 I can't come.
    9 What are you doing?
    2 He isn't sleeping at home.
    4 I'm leaving in ten minutes.
    6 He's not afraid.
    7 We aren't at home.
    12 We must do it.
    5 We are meeting at my place.
    1 They are going on holiday.
    3 My mum is making dinner.
    10 Who's coming?
    8 When are we leaving?

    Exercise 17

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    • Řekněte anglicky. Použijte nápovědu.

    4 Pomůžeš mi? help
    10 Jsou tam nějaké děti? any
    15 Já nespím! sleep
    7 Je málo času. little
    12 Dám mu vědět. let know
    13 Kolik je hodin? what time
    1 Angličtina je snadná. easy
    11 Nejsou tam žádní lidé. no
    3 Neumím anglicky. speak
    5 Posloucháš mě? listen
    9 Kde se sejdeme? meet
    8 Je něco k jídlu? anything to eat
    2 Učím se anglicky. learn
    14 Kdy přijedou? arrive
    6 Kdy odjíždíš? leave

    Spát je anglicky to sleep, ale běžně lze užít i obrat be asleep əˈsliːp. Lze říct: He's sleeping., nebo He's asleep., Are you sleeping? nebo Are you asleep?

    Exercise 18

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    • Spojte související výroky.

    • 1 Grass in spring is
    • 2 Bananas are
    • 3 Chocolate is
    • 4 The sky at night is
    • 5 Good tomatoes are
    • 6 The sea is
    • 7 Oranges are
    • 8 Snow is
    • e yellow.
    • g blue.
    • c red.
    • a brown.
    • f green.
    • d orange.
    • b white.
    • h black.

    Exercise 19

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    • Doplňte slovo opačného významu.

    5 His English is very good, but mine is .
    2 My brother is little and I am .
    1 English is easy, but Japanese is .
    7 There will be many men but only women.
    3 I'm cold and she's . I'm tall and she's .
    6 She's sad and he's .
    4 Now we are young, but we'll be too.
    8 There's too much work and too time.

    Exercise 20

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    • Vyberte správnou předložku.

    3 We'll meet in/at/on my place in/at/on the evening.
    9 I'll call you on/at/in the morning.
    10 We go there on/to/at weekends.
    4 What are you doing in/at/on Monday?
    1 Look at/on/to him. He's afraid at/to/of you.
    6 That's the house at/of/to my parents.
    11 It isn't far of/from/to here. We'll be there at/in/to time.
    12 She'll be here in/at/to five p.m. I'll speak on/to/at her.
    5 It's half to/past/at six. I'm going to/at/for work.
    8 Where is he to/for/from?
    2 She'll be back in/for/on an hour.
    7 Don't call me in/at/on night.

    Speak se pojí s předložkou to nebo with (mluvit s někým). Speak to obecně naznačuje spíše snahu o jednostrannou komunikaci (mluvit k někomu, z pozice autority ap.). Např.: I'll speak to him. - Promluvím (si) s ním. (domluvím mu ap.). Speak with naznačuje hlavně dialog. Např.: I'll speak with him. - Budu s ním mluvit.

    Exercise 21

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu správné tvary sloves.

    13 Mark enjoy his work.
    5 My mum have no time.
    4 We're just work on it. It be ready soon.
    11 I want see it. Can you show it to me?
    10 What are you read ? My dad read a lot.
    1 A man is wait there for you.
    2 Why are you sit here?
    7 How are you feel ?
    12 We'll go shop tomorrow.
    3 My brother speak four languages.
    9 Stop it! It's get on my nerves.
    8 They not be now. They be back soon.
    6 Who know about it? I let you know.

    České sloveso bavit (co, koho) lze často přeložit anglickým enjoy (těšit se z něčeho, užívat si něco) nebo like (mít rád, líbit se). Je však třeba mít na paměti, že proti češtině dochází u těchto sloves k obrácení podmětu a přísudku! Tedy ne, že něco baví někoho, ale někdo má rád / užívá si něco. Např.: “Baví mě to.” - I enjoy it. ap. Když něco někoho už nebaví, většinou se užije obratu be tired of ..., tedy, že už je někdo z něčeho unavený. Např.: “Už mě to nebaví.” - I'm tired of it.

    Exercise 22

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    • Doplňte překlady vět.

    18 Užij(te) si to tam! your stay!
    17 Bydlím v hotelu. I'm in a hotel.
    16 Přidáte se k nám? Will you us?
    4 Jane o tom ví. Jane about it.
    13 Mohu dál? - Samozřejmě! Can I in? - Of  !
    12 Jak je vysoký? How is he?
    14 Mohu se tě na něco zeptat? May I you something?
    10 V kolik hodin přijdeš? What will you come?
    1 Odkud jste? Where are you ?
    2 Odjíždíme za 2 dny. We're in two days.
    3 Bob má spoustu přátel. Bob a lot of friends.
    6 Promiňte, že jdu pozdě. Sorry, I'm .
    11 Udělám, co budu moci. I'll do my .
    8 Neříkej mu to, prosím! Please tell him!
    9 Uděláš to pro mě? you do it for me?
    15 Dnes večer jdeme někam ven. We're going out .
    7 Vypadá to na déšť. It looks rain.
    5 Kolik je ti let? How are you?

    Všimněte si, jak logicky jsou tvořena slovíčka: something - some+thing (nějaká věc - něco), nothing - no+thing (žádná věc - nic), everything - every+thing (každá věc - všechno) a anything - any+thing (jakákoli věc - cokoli). Podobně fungují slova somebody (někdo), nobody (nikdo), everybody (každý) a anybody (kdokoli). Snadno se tak naučíte hned několik užitečných slov.

    Exercise 23

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    • Doplňte vhodná slova.

    1 I'm not afraid him. He's my friend.
    6 He isn't here now. We will to wait for him.
    13 Shall we go bus or car? – We'll a taxi.
    7 We're waiting you! You are again.
    2 How is she? – She's 35.
    10 Sorry, I have no time. I'm very now.
    8 He's ! – No, he's wrong!
    11 I'll be back soon. Will you for me?
    14 I'm leaving for London. – Have a safe !
    3 What are the kids doing? – They're some games.
    12 on! Hurry . You'll be late school again!
    5 What's the like? – It's raining again.
    9 Can I with you? – No, you'll stay here.
    4 are you? – I'm fine. Thanks.

    Ke slovesu leave (odejít či odjet kam) se váže předložka for, ne to, jak by si Čech mohl myslet! Leave v podstatě říká, že někdo opouští jedno místo pro jiné. Např.: I'm leaving Prague for London. - “Odjíždím z Prahy do Londýna.” Pokud po leave následuje to, je to spíše částice uvozující infinitiv, který vyjadřuje účel. Např.: He's leaving Prague to work in New York. - Odjíždí z Prahy pracovat do New Yorku.

    Exercise 24

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    • Řekněte anglicky.

    5 Zdržíme se tři dny.
    11 Půjdeme?
    15 Jak dlouho to potrvá?
    8 Přijdeš?
    9 Chci navštívit přítele v Londýně.
    3 Dejte se druhou ulicí vlevo.
    1 Kam jedeš na dovolenou?
    4 Bydlíme v hotelu.
    19 Vstupte!; Dále!
    7 Čekáte na někoho?
    20 Šťastnou cestu!
    2 Nečekejte na mne.
    16 Nejsem připravený.
    18 Je mi horko.
    6 Vezmeme si taxi.
    12 Požádám ho o pomoc.
    10 Jsem Čech.
    17 Budete muset počkat.
    13 Bude to stačit?
    14 Co si dáte? (k jídlu ap.)

    Sloveso may meɪ znamená “smět”, ale užívá se také k vyjádření potenciální možnosti či nejistoty (možná, snad ap.). Např.: You may be right. - “Možná máš pravdu”, We may go to ... - “Mohli bychom třeba jít do...”, I may be back soon. - “Možná budu brzy zpět.” ap. Více viz tvary might a may v Lekci 14.