Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Čtěte nahlas a přeložte.

    8 Are they waiting for me?
    10 There are many foreigners here.
    3 Let me introduce myself.
    15 Can you help us?
    13 What will you do?
    5 I'm not from here.
    6 Where are you from?
    4 My name is ...
    1 He's a learner of English.
    2 What's your name?
    12 That's not true!
    19 I hope not.
    9 That's my sister's car.
    17 You'll have to ask him.
    11 How much is it?
    7 Is there anybody here?
    14 Shall we go?
    20 I have to go.
    16 We can't wait.
    18 Have some!

    Exercise 2

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    • Napište anglicky celými slovy číselné údaje.

    6 86.05
    8 17,999.5
    2 267 people
    9 376,750
    5 3.06
    1 45 children
    10 14,064,559
    4 16.78
    7 2,568
    3 876.7

    V angličtině lze vyslovovat vyšší číslovky i pomocí násobku celých stovek, a to i pro čísla nad 2000. Např. 1,200 - twelve hundred, 2,500 - twenty-five hundred ap. Místo slova number se před číslem často píše No. či no.

    Exercise 3

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    • Napište věty, které uslyšíte.

    10
    11
    4
    5
    3
    8
    1
    7
    12
    6
    9
    2

    Exercise 4

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    • Spojte výroky. Naučte se názvy zemí a pojmenování jejich příslušníků.

    • 1 John is English.
    • 2 Lucia is Spanish.
    • 3 Ivan is Russian.
    • 4 Helga and Kurt are German.
    • 5 Bob and Jane are American.
    • 6 Keiko is Japanese.
    • 7 Cheng is Chinese.
    • 8 Luis and Jean are French.
    • 9 Mark and Alison are Irish.
    • 10 Paolo and Valeria are Italian.
    • j She's from Japan.
    • a They're from Ireland.
    • c They're from Germany.
    • d He's from England.
    • b He's from China.
    • e They're from Italy.
    • h He's from Russia.
    • i They're from France.
    • g They're from the USA.
    • f She's from Spain.

    Další národnosti a státní příslušníky si můžete najít ve slovníku. Nestandardní jsou ale například: dánský - Danish ˈdeɪnɪʃ, ale Dán je Dane deɪn, španělský - Spanish spænɪʃ, ale Španěl je Spaniard ˈspænjəd. My ale už víme, že: “Je to Španěl.” lze říct jednoduše pomocí adjektiva: He's Spanish. Stačí si uvědomit, kdy užít anglické podstatné jméno a kdy adjektivum.

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu správná zájmena.

    1 There's my brother. Go ask .
    11 We must know this. Please, let know.
    3 Our dog is hungry. We must give some food.
    2 My sister is going out tonight. I'm going with .
    12 I need to speak with him. Tell him to call .
    9 Can I speak to , John?
    4 Call your parents and ask . They'll tell you.
    5 Here's your milk. Drink now!
    10 Look. There's Bob's sister! No, that's not . She has dark hair.
    8 Our kids are too young. We can't take with us.
    6 We aren't ready. Can you wait for ?
    7 Who's that boy? What's name?

    Need to se užívá i jako muset (nutnost plynoucí z okolností). Např.: You need to stop it. - Musíš toho nechat., You need to listen to me. - Musíš mě poslouchat.

    Exercise 6

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    • Uspořádejte slova do vět podle běžného anglického slovosledu.

    1 speak - to - need - I - you - to.
    3 her - tell - about - don't - it!
    2 long - it - take - will - how?
    7 back - will - we - be - about - six - at - p.m.
    5 will - I - it - tell - tomorrow - him - about.
    4 you - the - tonight - coming - party - to - are?
    8 like - weather - is - what - the - today?
    6 your - do - homework - when - you - will?

    Exercise 7

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    • Doplňte do věty vhodné tvary slovesa be v přítomném čase.

    6 I not afraid of you.
    7 Our children too young for that.
    11 How much money there? There 15 dollars.
    5 these books yours?
    10 Why you laughing?
    12 It true! He lying!
    3 What going on?
    1 Peter, you coming to the party tonight?
    4 I must hurry. My children waiting for me.
    2 There lots of children.
    8 Water good for you.
    9 I right? No, you wrong!

    Do you get the joke? - Rozumíte vtipu? (Můžete užít slovník.): I have 10 legs, 8 arms and 3 heads. What am I? - A liar!

    Exercise 8

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    • Doplňte podle nápovědy správné tvary přivlastňovacích zájmen.

    7 The kids are hungry. They want they food.
    3 There are many parents with they children.
    1 What's that girl's name? she name is Jane.
    5 Is that your dog? What's it name?
    4 It'll be at our house, not they .
    6 He can't call you. he phone isn't working.
    8 I phone isn't working. Can I use you ?
    10 We want something for we children.
    9 He's a good friend of I .
    2 You can't have it. It isn't you .

    Exercise 9

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    9 Will you get/let/give me know?
    11 We're leaving/going/walking out tonight.
    7 There will be not/no/any foreigners.
    8 Don't lie! Tell me the true/truth/right.
    1 How much/old/tall is your dad? – He's 43.
    4 My sister is six feet long/tall/big.
    2 Which/Who/What are you looking for? – I'm looking for you.
    3 How much/many/little people will there be?
    12 We'll meet in/at/on my place in/at/on 6 p.m.
    14 Is it long/far/short from here?. No, you can walk there.
    10 I'm making/doing/putting my best. It'll be ready in/at/on 30 minutes.
    6 I'm looking/seeing/watching TV now.
    13 Come for/to/on! We must hurry. We'll be late in/for/to school.
    5 What book are you watching/looking/reading?

    Jít pěšky lze anglicky říct prostě jen walk, nebo také go on foot (jít na noze).

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte do věty much nebo many.

    6 How luggage have you got?
    2 There won't be people.
    4 There isn't milk here.
    10 There are too cars.
    7 How friends are coming?
    9 How is this car?
    8 Hurry up. There isn't time.
    3 They've got kids and very little time.
    1 How money will you need?
    5 That's too information.

    Exercise 11

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    • Doplňte do věty záporné stažené tvary slovesa be v přítomném čase.

    3 My brother here.
    11 English phrases easy.
    2 She my sister.
    10 Why you at school?
    5 There any kids.
    6 This book mine.
    9 There any money.
    4 His parents glad.
    1 I ready.
    7 We very happy.
    8 There many foreigners there.

    Exercise 12

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    • Utvořte otázky. Ptejte se na zvýrazněná slova.

    11 My friends are having fun.
    1 John is leaving tomorrow.
    8 Mark is visiting his friend.
    12 We're going out tonight.
    7 Jane and Bob are coming.
    4 I'm writing an e-mail.
    2 He's reading a book.
    5 They're playing a game.
    3 Jane is still sleeping.
    6 We're going on holiday.
    10 I'm not listening to you.
    9 I'm watching a film on TV.

    Exercise 13

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    • Doplňte určité a neurčité členy, kde jsou třeba.

    3 British are nice people.
    7 There are ten cats in house.
    9 Jean is French. He's French student.
    1 Jane is nice girl. She's British.
    8 She's good friend of mine.
    6 Can I have little water?
    2 Bob is American. He has house in USA.
    4 The Thames is river in Britain.
    5 There's lot of water in sea.
    11 I'll take taxi to work.
    10 My friends are Irish. They're from Ireland.

    Taxík (taxi) se též nazývá cab kæb, což je původní název pro drožku. Metro v britské angličtině je the underground ˈʌndəˌgraʊnd (podzemka) a londýnskému metru se říká the tube tjuːb. Let's take the tube. tedy v Londýně znamená “Pojedeme metrem.” V USA říkají metru subway ˈsʌbˌweɪ, ale v Británii je subway podchod!

    Exercise 14

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    • Spojte otázky a reakce.

    • 1 Am I disturbing you?
    • 2 What time will you be back?
    • 3 Shall we walk?
    • 4 Who are you looking for?
    • 5 Are you going on holiday?
    • 6 Is he American?
    • 7 How long will it take?
    • 8 What will you drink?
    • a No, we'll take a taxi.
    • d No, come in!
    • h At about half past six.
    • b Yes, we're going to the seaside.
    • e No, I think he's British.
    • c It'll be ready tomorrow.
    • f I need to speak to Mr Brown.
    • g I'll leave that to you.

    Zapamatujte si užitečný obrat: I'll leave that to you. - To nechám na vás. Podobně: Leave that to me. - Nech(te) to na mě.

    Exercise 15

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    • Doplňte some, nebo any.

    2 Can I have water?
    1 We need time.
    7 Have you got pets?
    4 There aren't people.
    5 Can you give me money?
    6 We haven't got milk.
    10 Can he speak foreign languages?
    8 of them are students.
    3 Are there kids here?
    9 I can't see children.

    Exercise 16

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    • Převeďte věty z času přítomného do budoucího prostého.

    5 We are meeting at my place.
    11 I can't come.
    2 He isn't sleeping at home.
    1 They are going on holiday.
    10 Who's coming?
    6 He's not afraid.
    12 We must do it.
    9 What are you doing?
    7 We aren't at home.
    8 When are we leaving?
    3 My mum is making dinner.
    4 I'm leaving in ten minutes.

    Exercise 17

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    • Řekněte anglicky. Použijte nápovědu.

    2 Učím se anglicky. learn
    12 Dám mu vědět. let know
    1 Angličtina je snadná. easy
    15 Já nespím! sleep
    5 Posloucháš mě? listen
    13 Kolik je hodin? what time
    10 Jsou tam nějaké děti? any
    9 Kde se sejdeme? meet
    11 Nejsou tam žádní lidé. no
    4 Pomůžeš mi? help
    8 Je něco k jídlu? anything to eat
    7 Je málo času. little
    6 Kdy odjíždíš? leave
    3 Neumím anglicky. speak
    14 Kdy přijedou? arrive

    Spát je anglicky to sleep, ale běžně lze užít i obrat be asleep əˈsliːp. Lze říct: He's sleeping., nebo He's asleep., Are you sleeping? nebo Are you asleep?

    Exercise 18

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    • Spojte související výroky.

    • 1 Grass in spring is
    • 2 Bananas are
    • 3 Chocolate is
    • 4 The sky at night is
    • 5 Good tomatoes are
    • 6 The sea is
    • 7 Oranges are
    • 8 Snow is
    • b white.
    • g blue.
    • e yellow.
    • c red.
    • a brown.
    • h black.
    • f green.
    • d orange.

    Exercise 19

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    • Doplňte slovo opačného významu.

    8 There's too much work and too time.
    7 There will be many men but only women.
    4 Now we are young, but we'll be too.
    3 I'm cold and she's . I'm tall and she's .
    5 His English is very good, but mine is .
    2 My brother is little and I am .
    6 She's sad and he's .
    1 English is easy, but Japanese is .

    Exercise 20

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    • Vyberte správnou předložku.

    3 We'll meet in/at/on my place in/at/on the evening.
    1 Look at/on/to him. He's afraid at/to/of you.
    4 What are you doing in/at/on Monday?
    6 That's the house at/of/to my parents.
    7 Don't call me in/at/on night.
    5 It's half to/past/at six. I'm going to/at/for work.
    9 I'll call you on/at/in the morning.
    8 Where is he to/for/from?
    2 She'll be back in/for/on an hour.
    10 We go there on/to/at weekends.
    12 She'll be here in/at/to five p.m. I'll speak on/to/at her.
    11 It isn't far of/from/to here. We'll be there at/in/to time.

    Speak se pojí s předložkou to nebo with (mluvit s někým). Speak to obecně naznačuje spíše snahu o jednostrannou komunikaci (mluvit k někomu, z pozice autority ap.). Např.: I'll speak to him. - Promluvím (si) s ním. (domluvím mu ap.). Speak with naznačuje hlavně dialog. Např.: I'll speak with him. - Budu s ním mluvit.

    Exercise 21

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu správné tvary sloves.

    10 What are you read ? My dad read a lot.
    6 Who know about it? I let you know.
    13 Mark enjoy his work.
    5 My mum have no time.
    11 I want see it. Can you show it to me?
    3 My brother speak four languages.
    4 We're just work on it. It be ready soon.
    8 They not be now. They be back soon.
    1 A man is wait there for you.
    2 Why are you sit here?
    9 Stop it! It's get on my nerves.
    7 How are you feel ?
    12 We'll go shop tomorrow.

    České sloveso bavit (co, koho) lze často přeložit anglickým enjoy (těšit se z něčeho, užívat si něco) nebo like (mít rád, líbit se). Je však třeba mít na paměti, že proti češtině dochází u těchto sloves k obrácení podmětu a přísudku! Tedy ne, že něco baví někoho, ale někdo má rád / užívá si něco. Např.: “Baví mě to.” - I enjoy it. ap. Když něco někoho už nebaví, většinou se užije obratu be tired of ..., tedy, že už je někdo z něčeho unavený. Např.: “Už mě to nebaví.” - I'm tired of it.

    Exercise 22

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    • Doplňte překlady vět.

    9 Uděláš to pro mě? you do it for me?
    6 Promiňte, že jdu pozdě. Sorry, I'm .
    5 Kolik je ti let? How are you?
    18 Užij(te) si to tam! your stay!
    17 Bydlím v hotelu. I'm in a hotel.
    10 V kolik hodin přijdeš? What will you come?
    13 Mohu dál? - Samozřejmě! Can I in? - Of  !
    8 Neříkej mu to, prosím! Please tell him!
    3 Bob má spoustu přátel. Bob a lot of friends.
    15 Dnes večer jdeme někam ven. We're going out .
    1 Odkud jste? Where are you ?
    2 Odjíždíme za 2 dny. We're in two days.
    4 Jane o tom ví. Jane about it.
    11 Udělám, co budu moci. I'll do my .
    16 Přidáte se k nám? Will you us?
    7 Vypadá to na déšť. It looks rain.
    12 Jak je vysoký? How is he?
    14 Mohu se tě na něco zeptat? May I you something?

    Všimněte si, jak logicky jsou tvořena slovíčka: something - some+thing (nějaká věc - něco), nothing - no+thing (žádná věc - nic), everything - every+thing (každá věc - všechno) a anything - any+thing (jakákoli věc - cokoli). Podobně fungují slova somebody (někdo), nobody (nikdo), everybody (každý) a anybody (kdokoli). Snadno se tak naučíte hned několik užitečných slov.

    Exercise 23

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    • Doplňte vhodná slova.

    11 I'll be back soon. Will you for me?
    1 I'm not afraid him. He's my friend.
    2 How is she? – She's 35.
    13 Shall we go bus or car? – We'll a taxi.
    6 He isn't here now. We will to wait for him.
    12 on! Hurry . You'll be late school again!
    7 We're waiting you! You are again.
    4 are you? – I'm fine. Thanks.
    3 What are the kids doing? – They're some games.
    5 What's the like? – It's raining again.
    10 Sorry, I have no time. I'm very now.
    8 He's ! – No, he's wrong!
    9 Can I with you? – No, you'll stay here.
    14 I'm leaving for London. – Have a safe !

    Ke slovesu leave (odejít či odjet kam) se váže předložka for, ne to, jak by si Čech mohl myslet! Leave v podstatě říká, že někdo opouští jedno místo pro jiné. Např.: I'm leaving Prague for London. - “Odjíždím z Prahy do Londýna.” Pokud po leave následuje to, je to spíše částice uvozující infinitiv, který vyjadřuje účel. Např.: He's leaving Prague to work in New York. - Odjíždí z Prahy pracovat do New Yorku.

    Exercise 24

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    • Řekněte anglicky.

    10 Jsem Čech.
    20 Šťastnou cestu!
    2 Nečekejte na mne.
    6 Vezmeme si taxi.
    14 Co si dáte? (k jídlu ap.)
    8 Přijdeš?
    1 Kam jedeš na dovolenou?
    4 Bydlíme v hotelu.
    11 Půjdeme?
    18 Je mi horko.
    15 Jak dlouho to potrvá?
    9 Chci navštívit přítele v Londýně.
    13 Bude to stačit?
    5 Zdržíme se tři dny.
    16 Nejsem připravený.
    19 Vstupte!; Dále!
    3 Dejte se druhou ulicí vlevo.
    17 Budete muset počkat.
    12 Požádám ho o pomoc.
    7 Čekáte na někoho?

    Sloveso may meɪ znamená “smět”, ale užívá se také k vyjádření potenciální možnosti či nejistoty (možná, snad ap.). Např.: You may be right. - “Možná máš pravdu”, We may go to ... - “Mohli bychom třeba jít do...”, I may be back soon. - “Možná budu brzy zpět.” ap. Více viz tvary might a may v Lekci 14.