Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Čtěte nahlas a přeložte.

    5 I'm not from here.
    10 There are many foreigners here.
    6 Where are you from?
    18 Have some!
    3 Let me introduce myself.
    7 Is there anybody here?
    15 Can you help us?
    12 That's not true!
    11 How much is it?
    14 Shall we go?
    16 We can't wait.
    17 You'll have to ask him.
    4 My name is ...
    19 I hope not.
    13 What will you do?
    2 What's your name?
    8 Are they waiting for me?
    1 He's a learner of English.
    9 That's my sister's car.
    20 I have to go.

    Exercise 2

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    • Napište anglicky celými slovy číselné údaje.

    10 14,064,559
    6 86.05
    2 267 people
    7 2,568
    1 45 children
    4 16.78
    5 3.06
    3 876.7
    9 376,750
    8 17,999.5

    V angličtině lze vyslovovat vyšší číslovky i pomocí násobku celých stovek, a to i pro čísla nad 2000. Např. 1,200 - twelve hundred, 2,500 - twenty-five hundred ap. Místo slova number se před číslem často píše No. či no.

    Exercise 3

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    • Napište věty, které uslyšíte.

    5
    10
    2
    4
    11
    7
    9
    8
    6
    3
    1
    12

    Exercise 4

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    • Spojte výroky. Naučte se názvy zemí a pojmenování jejich příslušníků.

    • 1 John is English.
    • 2 Lucia is Spanish.
    • 3 Ivan is Russian.
    • 4 Helga and Kurt are German.
    • 5 Bob and Jane are American.
    • 6 Keiko is Japanese.
    • 7 Cheng is Chinese.
    • 8 Luis and Jean are French.
    • 9 Mark and Alison are Irish.
    • 10 Paolo and Valeria are Italian.
    • j She's from Japan.
    • g They're from the USA.
    • f She's from Spain.
    • d He's from England.
    • c They're from Germany.
    • a They're from Ireland.
    • h He's from Russia.
    • e They're from Italy.
    • b He's from China.
    • i They're from France.

    Další národnosti a státní příslušníky si můžete najít ve slovníku. Nestandardní jsou ale například: dánský - Danish ˈdeɪnɪʃ, ale Dán je Dane deɪn, španělský - Spanish spænɪʃ, ale Španěl je Spaniard ˈspænjəd. My ale už víme, že: “Je to Španěl.” lze říct jednoduše pomocí adjektiva: He's Spanish. Stačí si uvědomit, kdy užít anglické podstatné jméno a kdy adjektivum.

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu správná zájmena.

    7 Who's that boy? What's name?
    8 Our kids are too young. We can't take with us.
    6 We aren't ready. Can you wait for ?
    11 We must know this. Please, let know.
    5 Here's your milk. Drink now!
    3 Our dog is hungry. We must give some food.
    4 Call your parents and ask . They'll tell you.
    2 My sister is going out tonight. I'm going with .
    10 Look. There's Bob's sister! No, that's not . She has dark hair.
    9 Can I speak to , John?
    12 I need to speak with him. Tell him to call .
    1 There's my brother. Go ask .

    Need to se užívá i jako muset (nutnost plynoucí z okolností). Např.: You need to stop it. - Musíš toho nechat., You need to listen to me. - Musíš mě poslouchat.

    Exercise 6

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    • Uspořádejte slova do vět podle běžného anglického slovosledu.

    7 back - will - we - be - about - six - at - p.m.
    1 speak - to - need - I - you - to.
    2 long - it - take - will - how?
    6 your - do - homework - when - you - will?
    4 you - the - tonight - coming - party - to - are?
    8 like - weather - is - what - the - today?
    5 will - I - it - tell - tomorrow - him - about.
    3 her - tell - about - don't - it!

    Exercise 7

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    • Doplňte do věty vhodné tvary slovesa be v přítomném čase.

    5 these books yours?
    6 I not afraid of you.
    9 I right? No, you wrong!
    3 What going on?
    12 It true! He lying!
    1 Peter, you coming to the party tonight?
    7 Our children too young for that.
    4 I must hurry. My children waiting for me.
    10 Why you laughing?
    8 Water good for you.
    2 There lots of children.
    11 How much money there? There 15 dollars.

    Do you get the joke? - Rozumíte vtipu? (Můžete užít slovník.): I have 10 legs, 8 arms and 3 heads. What am I? - A liar!

    Exercise 8

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    • Doplňte podle nápovědy správné tvary přivlastňovacích zájmen.

    2 You can't have it. It isn't you .
    7 The kids are hungry. They want they food.
    4 It'll be at our house, not they .
    6 He can't call you. he phone isn't working.
    9 He's a good friend of I .
    8 I phone isn't working. Can I use you ?
    10 We want something for we children.
    5 Is that your dog? What's it name?
    1 What's that girl's name? she name is Jane.
    3 There are many parents with they children.

    Exercise 9

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    2 Which/Who/What are you looking for? – I'm looking for you.
    14 Is it long/far/short from here?. No, you can walk there.
    12 We'll meet in/at/on my place in/at/on 6 p.m.
    9 Will you get/let/give me know?
    6 I'm looking/seeing/watching TV now.
    4 My sister is six feet long/tall/big.
    11 We're leaving/going/walking out tonight.
    7 There will be not/no/any foreigners.
    8 Don't lie! Tell me the true/truth/right.
    10 I'm making/doing/putting my best. It'll be ready in/at/on 30 minutes.
    5 What book are you watching/looking/reading?
    3 How much/many/little people will there be?
    13 Come for/to/on! We must hurry. We'll be late in/for/to school.
    1 How much/old/tall is your dad? – He's 43.

    Jít pěšky lze anglicky říct prostě jen walk, nebo také go on foot (jít na noze).

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte do věty much nebo many.

    1 How money will you need?
    8 Hurry up. There isn't time.
    6 How luggage have you got?
    4 There isn't milk here.
    5 That's too information.
    7 How friends are coming?
    10 There are too cars.
    3 They've got kids and very little time.
    2 There won't be people.
    9 How is this car?

    Exercise 11

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    • Doplňte do věty záporné stažené tvary slovesa be v přítomném čase.

    11 English phrases easy.
    10 Why you at school?
    2 She my sister.
    4 His parents glad.
    9 There any money.
    1 I ready.
    5 There any kids.
    6 This book mine.
    8 There many foreigners there.
    7 We very happy.
    3 My brother here.

    Exercise 12

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    • Utvořte otázky. Ptejte se na zvýrazněná slova.

    2 He's reading a book.
    3 Jane is still sleeping.
    6 We're going on holiday.
    12 We're going out tonight.
    4 I'm writing an e-mail.
    1 John is leaving tomorrow.
    5 They're playing a game.
    7 Jane and Bob are coming.
    11 My friends are having fun.
    9 I'm watching a film on TV.
    8 Mark is visiting his friend.
    10 I'm not listening to you.

    Exercise 13

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    • Doplňte určité a neurčité členy, kde jsou třeba.

    5 There's lot of water in sea.
    6 Can I have little water?
    9 Jean is French. He's French student.
    2 Bob is American. He has house in USA.
    7 There are ten cats in house.
    3 British are nice people.
    4 The Thames is river in Britain.
    1 Jane is nice girl. She's British.
    11 I'll take taxi to work.
    10 My friends are Irish. They're from Ireland.
    8 She's good friend of mine.

    Taxík (taxi) se též nazývá cab kæb, což je původní název pro drožku. Metro v britské angličtině je the underground ˈʌndəˌgraʊnd (podzemka) a londýnskému metru se říká the tube tjuːb. Let's take the tube. tedy v Londýně znamená “Pojedeme metrem.” V USA říkají metru subway ˈsʌbˌweɪ, ale v Británii je subway podchod!

    Exercise 14

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    • Spojte otázky a reakce.

    • 1 Am I disturbing you?
    • 2 What time will you be back?
    • 3 Shall we walk?
    • 4 Who are you looking for?
    • 5 Are you going on holiday?
    • 6 Is he American?
    • 7 How long will it take?
    • 8 What will you drink?
    • b Yes, we're going to the seaside.
    • f I need to speak to Mr Brown.
    • d No, come in!
    • e No, I think he's British.
    • c It'll be ready tomorrow.
    • g I'll leave that to you.
    • a No, we'll take a taxi.
    • h At about half past six.

    Zapamatujte si užitečný obrat: I'll leave that to you. - To nechám na vás. Podobně: Leave that to me. - Nech(te) to na mě.

    Exercise 15

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    • Doplňte some, nebo any.

    6 We haven't got milk.
    5 Can you give me money?
    1 We need time.
    2 Can I have water?
    8 of them are students.
    10 Can he speak foreign languages?
    3 Are there kids here?
    9 I can't see children.
    7 Have you got pets?
    4 There aren't people.

    Exercise 16

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    • Převeďte věty z času přítomného do budoucího prostého.

    10 Who's coming?
    6 He's not afraid.
    1 They are going on holiday.
    3 My mum is making dinner.
    5 We are meeting at my place.
    12 We must do it.
    11 I can't come.
    9 What are you doing?
    2 He isn't sleeping at home.
    7 We aren't at home.
    4 I'm leaving in ten minutes.
    8 When are we leaving?

    Exercise 17

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    • Řekněte anglicky. Použijte nápovědu.

    13 Kolik je hodin? what time
    5 Posloucháš mě? listen
    10 Jsou tam nějaké děti? any
    2 Učím se anglicky. learn
    14 Kdy přijedou? arrive
    9 Kde se sejdeme? meet
    8 Je něco k jídlu? anything to eat
    4 Pomůžeš mi? help
    7 Je málo času. little
    11 Nejsou tam žádní lidé. no
    1 Angličtina je snadná. easy
    6 Kdy odjíždíš? leave
    3 Neumím anglicky. speak
    15 Já nespím! sleep
    12 Dám mu vědět. let know

    Spát je anglicky to sleep, ale běžně lze užít i obrat be asleep əˈsliːp. Lze říct: He's sleeping., nebo He's asleep., Are you sleeping? nebo Are you asleep?

    Exercise 18

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    • Spojte související výroky.

    • 1 Grass in spring is
    • 2 Bananas are
    • 3 Chocolate is
    • 4 The sky at night is
    • 5 Good tomatoes are
    • 6 The sea is
    • 7 Oranges are
    • 8 Snow is
    • b white.
    • h black.
    • a brown.
    • c red.
    • f green.
    • e yellow.
    • d orange.
    • g blue.

    Exercise 19

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    • Doplňte slovo opačného významu.

    5 His English is very good, but mine is .
    3 I'm cold and she's . I'm tall and she's .
    4 Now we are young, but we'll be too.
    1 English is easy, but Japanese is .
    7 There will be many men but only women.
    6 She's sad and he's .
    2 My brother is little and I am .
    8 There's too much work and too time.

    Exercise 20

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    • Vyberte správnou předložku.

    4 What are you doing in/at/on Monday?
    3 We'll meet in/at/on my place in/at/on the evening.
    11 It isn't far of/from/to here. We'll be there at/in/to time.
    5 It's half to/past/at six. I'm going to/at/for work.
    10 We go there on/to/at weekends.
    2 She'll be back in/for/on an hour.
    12 She'll be here in/at/to five p.m. I'll speak on/to/at her.
    8 Where is he to/for/from?
    9 I'll call you on/at/in the morning.
    1 Look at/on/to him. He's afraid at/to/of you.
    6 That's the house at/of/to my parents.
    7 Don't call me in/at/on night.

    Speak se pojí s předložkou to nebo with (mluvit s někým). Speak to obecně naznačuje spíše snahu o jednostrannou komunikaci (mluvit k někomu, z pozice autority ap.). Např.: I'll speak to him. - Promluvím (si) s ním. (domluvím mu ap.). Speak with naznačuje hlavně dialog. Např.: I'll speak with him. - Budu s ním mluvit.

    Exercise 21

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu správné tvary sloves.

    6 Who know about it? I let you know.
    11 I want see it. Can you show it to me?
    2 Why are you sit here?
    9 Stop it! It's get on my nerves.
    4 We're just work on it. It be ready soon.
    5 My mum have no time.
    13 Mark enjoy his work.
    10 What are you read ? My dad read a lot.
    8 They not be now. They be back soon.
    7 How are you feel ?
    12 We'll go shop tomorrow.
    3 My brother speak four languages.
    1 A man is wait there for you.

    České sloveso bavit (co, koho) lze často přeložit anglickým enjoy (těšit se z něčeho, užívat si něco) nebo like (mít rád, líbit se). Je však třeba mít na paměti, že proti češtině dochází u těchto sloves k obrácení podmětu a přísudku! Tedy ne, že něco baví někoho, ale někdo má rád / užívá si něco. Např.: “Baví mě to.” - I enjoy it. ap. Když něco někoho už nebaví, většinou se užije obratu be tired of ..., tedy, že už je někdo z něčeho unavený. Např.: “Už mě to nebaví.” - I'm tired of it.

    Exercise 22

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    • Doplňte překlady vět.

    1 Odkud jste? Where are you ?
    16 Přidáte se k nám? Will you us?
    10 V kolik hodin přijdeš? What will you come?
    9 Uděláš to pro mě? you do it for me?
    3 Bob má spoustu přátel. Bob a lot of friends.
    8 Neříkej mu to, prosím! Please tell him!
    13 Mohu dál? - Samozřejmě! Can I in? - Of  !
    5 Kolik je ti let? How are you?
    4 Jane o tom ví. Jane about it.
    17 Bydlím v hotelu. I'm in a hotel.
    11 Udělám, co budu moci. I'll do my .
    14 Mohu se tě na něco zeptat? May I you something?
    15 Dnes večer jdeme někam ven. We're going out .
    6 Promiňte, že jdu pozdě. Sorry, I'm .
    2 Odjíždíme za 2 dny. We're in two days.
    12 Jak je vysoký? How is he?
    18 Užij(te) si to tam! your stay!
    7 Vypadá to na déšť. It looks rain.

    Všimněte si, jak logicky jsou tvořena slovíčka: something - some+thing (nějaká věc - něco), nothing - no+thing (žádná věc - nic), everything - every+thing (každá věc - všechno) a anything - any+thing (jakákoli věc - cokoli). Podobně fungují slova somebody (někdo), nobody (nikdo), everybody (každý) a anybody (kdokoli). Snadno se tak naučíte hned několik užitečných slov.

    Exercise 23

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    • Doplňte vhodná slova.

    13 Shall we go bus or car? – We'll a taxi.
    9 Can I with you? – No, you'll stay here.
    6 He isn't here now. We will to wait for him.
    7 We're waiting you! You are again.
    3 What are the kids doing? – They're some games.
    1 I'm not afraid him. He's my friend.
    12 on! Hurry . You'll be late school again!
    11 I'll be back soon. Will you for me?
    14 I'm leaving for London. – Have a safe !
    8 He's ! – No, he's wrong!
    5 What's the like? – It's raining again.
    2 How is she? – She's 35.
    4 are you? – I'm fine. Thanks.
    10 Sorry, I have no time. I'm very now.

    Ke slovesu leave (odejít či odjet kam) se váže předložka for, ne to, jak by si Čech mohl myslet! Leave v podstatě říká, že někdo opouští jedno místo pro jiné. Např.: I'm leaving Prague for London. - “Odjíždím z Prahy do Londýna.” Pokud po leave následuje to, je to spíše částice uvozující infinitiv, který vyjadřuje účel. Např.: He's leaving Prague to work in New York. - Odjíždí z Prahy pracovat do New Yorku.

    Exercise 24

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    • Řekněte anglicky.

    1 Kam jedeš na dovolenou?
    7 Čekáte na někoho?
    5 Zdržíme se tři dny.
    15 Jak dlouho to potrvá?
    12 Požádám ho o pomoc.
    6 Vezmeme si taxi.
    19 Vstupte!; Dále!
    9 Chci navštívit přítele v Londýně.
    14 Co si dáte? (k jídlu ap.)
    8 Přijdeš?
    10 Jsem Čech.
    11 Půjdeme?
    17 Budete muset počkat.
    18 Je mi horko.
    13 Bude to stačit?
    20 Šťastnou cestu!
    4 Bydlíme v hotelu.
    16 Nejsem připravený.
    3 Dejte se druhou ulicí vlevo.
    2 Nečekejte na mne.

    Sloveso may meɪ znamená “smět”, ale užívá se také k vyjádření potenciální možnosti či nejistoty (možná, snad ap.). Např.: You may be right. - “Možná máš pravdu”, We may go to ... - “Mohli bychom třeba jít do...”, I may be back soon. - “Možná budu brzy zpět.” ap. Více viz tvary might a may v Lekci 14.