Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Čtěte nahlas a přeložte.

    16 We can't wait.
    19 I hope not.
    4 My name is ...
    14 Shall we go?
    5 I'm not from here.
    15 Can you help us?
    13 What will you do?
    9 That's my sister's car.
    7 Is there anybody here?
    11 How much is it?
    18 Have some!
    20 I have to go.
    12 That's not true!
    8 Are they waiting for me?
    1 He's a learner of English.
    6 Where are you from?
    2 What's your name?
    17 You'll have to ask him.
    10 There are many foreigners here.
    3 Let me introduce myself.

    Exercise 2

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    • Napište anglicky celými slovy číselné údaje.

    9 376,750
    7 2,568
    3 876.7
    5 3.06
    8 17,999.5
    10 14,064,559
    4 16.78
    1 45 children
    6 86.05
    2 267 people

    V angličtině lze vyslovovat vyšší číslovky i pomocí násobku celých stovek, a to i pro čísla nad 2000. Např. 1,200 - twelve hundred, 2,500 - twenty-five hundred ap. Místo slova number se před číslem často píše No. či no.

    Exercise 3

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    • Napište věty, které uslyšíte.

    2
    8
    3
    11
    12
    6
    9
    4
    7
    1
    10
    5

    Exercise 4

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    • Spojte výroky. Naučte se názvy zemí a pojmenování jejich příslušníků.

    • 1 John is English.
    • 2 Lucia is Spanish.
    • 3 Ivan is Russian.
    • 4 Helga and Kurt are German.
    • 5 Bob and Jane are American.
    • 6 Keiko is Japanese.
    • 7 Cheng is Chinese.
    • 8 Luis and Jean are French.
    • 9 Mark and Alison are Irish.
    • 10 Paolo and Valeria are Italian.
    • f She's from Spain.
    • g They're from the USA.
    • c They're from Germany.
    • b He's from China.
    • j She's from Japan.
    • a They're from Ireland.
    • i They're from France.
    • h He's from Russia.
    • d He's from England.
    • e They're from Italy.

    Další národnosti a státní příslušníky si můžete najít ve slovníku. Nestandardní jsou ale například: dánský - Danish ˈdeɪnɪʃ, ale Dán je Dane deɪn, španělský - Spanish spænɪʃ, ale Španěl je Spaniard ˈspænjəd. My ale už víme, že: “Je to Španěl.” lze říct jednoduše pomocí adjektiva: He's Spanish. Stačí si uvědomit, kdy užít anglické podstatné jméno a kdy adjektivum.

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu správná zájmena.

    5 Here's your milk. Drink now!
    12 I need to speak with him. Tell him to call .
    11 We must know this. Please, let know.
    2 My sister is going out tonight. I'm going with .
    8 Our kids are too young. We can't take with us.
    9 Can I speak to , John?
    7 Who's that boy? What's name?
    1 There's my brother. Go ask .
    3 Our dog is hungry. We must give some food.
    10 Look. There's Bob's sister! No, that's not . She has dark hair.
    6 We aren't ready. Can you wait for ?
    4 Call your parents and ask . They'll tell you.

    Need to se užívá i jako muset (nutnost plynoucí z okolností). Např.: You need to stop it. - Musíš toho nechat., You need to listen to me. - Musíš mě poslouchat.

    Exercise 6

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    • Uspořádejte slova do vět podle běžného anglického slovosledu.

    3 her - tell - about - don't - it!
    7 back - will - we - be - about - six - at - p.m.
    2 long - it - take - will - how?
    4 you - the - tonight - coming - party - to - are?
    8 like - weather - is - what - the - today?
    6 your - do - homework - when - you - will?
    5 will - I - it - tell - tomorrow - him - about.
    1 speak - to - need - I - you - to.

    Exercise 7

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    • Doplňte do věty vhodné tvary slovesa be v přítomném čase.

    1 Peter, you coming to the party tonight?
    8 Water good for you.
    3 What going on?
    2 There lots of children.
    4 I must hurry. My children waiting for me.
    11 How much money there? There 15 dollars.
    7 Our children too young for that.
    12 It true! He lying!
    6 I not afraid of you.
    10 Why you laughing?
    9 I right? No, you wrong!
    5 these books yours?

    Do you get the joke? - Rozumíte vtipu? (Můžete užít slovník.): I have 10 legs, 8 arms and 3 heads. What am I? - A liar!

    Exercise 8

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    • Doplňte podle nápovědy správné tvary přivlastňovacích zájmen.

    4 It'll be at our house, not they .
    5 Is that your dog? What's it name?
    8 I phone isn't working. Can I use you ?
    9 He's a good friend of I .
    1 What's that girl's name? she name is Jane.
    6 He can't call you. he phone isn't working.
    10 We want something for we children.
    2 You can't have it. It isn't you .
    3 There are many parents with they children.
    7 The kids are hungry. They want they food.

    Exercise 9

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    2 Which/Who/What are you looking for? – I'm looking for you.
    9 Will you get/let/give me know?
    14 Is it long/far/short from here?. No, you can walk there.
    12 We'll meet in/at/on my place in/at/on 6 p.m.
    13 Come for/to/on! We must hurry. We'll be late in/for/to school.
    4 My sister is six feet long/tall/big.
    11 We're leaving/going/walking out tonight.
    3 How much/many/little people will there be?
    5 What book are you watching/looking/reading?
    8 Don't lie! Tell me the true/truth/right.
    6 I'm looking/seeing/watching TV now.
    10 I'm making/doing/putting my best. It'll be ready in/at/on 30 minutes.
    1 How much/old/tall is your dad? – He's 43.
    7 There will be not/no/any foreigners.

    Jít pěšky lze anglicky říct prostě jen walk, nebo také go on foot (jít na noze).

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte do věty much nebo many.

    1 How money will you need?
    10 There are too cars.
    4 There isn't milk here.
    7 How friends are coming?
    5 That's too information.
    9 How is this car?
    2 There won't be people.
    8 Hurry up. There isn't time.
    6 How luggage have you got?
    3 They've got kids and very little time.

    Exercise 11

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    • Doplňte do věty záporné stažené tvary slovesa be v přítomném čase.

    11 English phrases easy.
    8 There many foreigners there.
    3 My brother here.
    1 I ready.
    4 His parents glad.
    5 There any kids.
    9 There any money.
    7 We very happy.
    6 This book mine.
    2 She my sister.
    10 Why you at school?

    Exercise 12

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    • Utvořte otázky. Ptejte se na zvýrazněná slova.

    11 My friends are having fun.
    12 We're going out tonight.
    5 They're playing a game.
    2 He's reading a book.
    10 I'm not listening to you.
    8 Mark is visiting his friend.
    9 I'm watching a film on TV.
    6 We're going on holiday.
    3 Jane is still sleeping.
    4 I'm writing an e-mail.
    1 John is leaving tomorrow.
    7 Jane and Bob are coming.

    Exercise 13

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    • Doplňte určité a neurčité členy, kde jsou třeba.

    5 There's lot of water in sea.
    4 The Thames is river in Britain.
    9 Jean is French. He's French student.
    7 There are ten cats in house.
    3 British are nice people.
    8 She's good friend of mine.
    1 Jane is nice girl. She's British.
    6 Can I have little water?
    2 Bob is American. He has house in USA.
    11 I'll take taxi to work.
    10 My friends are Irish. They're from Ireland.

    Taxík (taxi) se též nazývá cab kæb, což je původní název pro drožku. Metro v britské angličtině je the underground ˈʌndəˌgraʊnd (podzemka) a londýnskému metru se říká the tube tjuːb. Let's take the tube. tedy v Londýně znamená “Pojedeme metrem.” V USA říkají metru subway ˈsʌbˌweɪ, ale v Británii je subway podchod!

    Exercise 14

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    • Spojte otázky a reakce.

    • 1 Am I disturbing you?
    • 2 What time will you be back?
    • 3 Shall we walk?
    • 4 Who are you looking for?
    • 5 Are you going on holiday?
    • 6 Is he American?
    • 7 How long will it take?
    • 8 What will you drink?
    • f I need to speak to Mr Brown.
    • h At about half past six.
    • c It'll be ready tomorrow.
    • b Yes, we're going to the seaside.
    • g I'll leave that to you.
    • d No, come in!
    • a No, we'll take a taxi.
    • e No, I think he's British.

    Zapamatujte si užitečný obrat: I'll leave that to you. - To nechám na vás. Podobně: Leave that to me. - Nech(te) to na mě.

    Exercise 15

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    • Doplňte some, nebo any.

    4 There aren't people.
    3 Are there kids here?
    1 We need time.
    6 We haven't got milk.
    9 I can't see children.
    7 Have you got pets?
    2 Can I have water?
    10 Can he speak foreign languages?
    8 of them are students.
    5 Can you give me money?

    Exercise 16

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    • Převeďte věty z času přítomného do budoucího prostého.

    11 I can't come.
    8 When are we leaving?
    12 We must do it.
    2 He isn't sleeping at home.
    5 We are meeting at my place.
    7 We aren't at home.
    4 I'm leaving in ten minutes.
    10 Who's coming?
    9 What are you doing?
    6 He's not afraid.
    3 My mum is making dinner.
    1 They are going on holiday.

    Exercise 17

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    • Řekněte anglicky. Použijte nápovědu.

    8 Je něco k jídlu? anything to eat
    6 Kdy odjíždíš? leave
    9 Kde se sejdeme? meet
    11 Nejsou tam žádní lidé. no
    15 Já nespím! sleep
    5 Posloucháš mě? listen
    3 Neumím anglicky. speak
    7 Je málo času. little
    13 Kolik je hodin? what time
    10 Jsou tam nějaké děti? any
    1 Angličtina je snadná. easy
    2 Učím se anglicky. learn
    4 Pomůžeš mi? help
    14 Kdy přijedou? arrive
    12 Dám mu vědět. let know

    Spát je anglicky to sleep, ale běžně lze užít i obrat be asleep əˈsliːp. Lze říct: He's sleeping., nebo He's asleep., Are you sleeping? nebo Are you asleep?

    Exercise 18

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    • Spojte související výroky.

    • 1 Grass in spring is
    • 2 Bananas are
    • 3 Chocolate is
    • 4 The sky at night is
    • 5 Good tomatoes are
    • 6 The sea is
    • 7 Oranges are
    • 8 Snow is
    • h black.
    • d orange.
    • e yellow.
    • a brown.
    • f green.
    • g blue.
    • b white.
    • c red.

    Exercise 19

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    • Doplňte slovo opačného významu.

    5 His English is very good, but mine is .
    4 Now we are young, but we'll be too.
    1 English is easy, but Japanese is .
    6 She's sad and he's .
    3 I'm cold and she's . I'm tall and she's .
    2 My brother is little and I am .
    8 There's too much work and too time.
    7 There will be many men but only women.

    Exercise 20

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    • Vyberte správnou předložku.

    11 It isn't far of/from/to here. We'll be there at/in/to time.
    9 I'll call you on/at/in the morning.
    5 It's half to/past/at six. I'm going to/at/for work.
    10 We go there on/to/at weekends.
    12 She'll be here in/at/to five p.m. I'll speak on/to/at her.
    1 Look at/on/to him. He's afraid at/to/of you.
    7 Don't call me in/at/on night.
    6 That's the house at/of/to my parents.
    4 What are you doing in/at/on Monday?
    8 Where is he to/for/from?
    3 We'll meet in/at/on my place in/at/on the evening.
    2 She'll be back in/for/on an hour.

    Speak se pojí s předložkou to nebo with (mluvit s někým). Speak to obecně naznačuje spíše snahu o jednostrannou komunikaci (mluvit k někomu, z pozice autority ap.). Např.: I'll speak to him. - Promluvím (si) s ním. (domluvím mu ap.). Speak with naznačuje hlavně dialog. Např.: I'll speak with him. - Budu s ním mluvit.

    Exercise 21

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu správné tvary sloves.

    10 What are you read ? My dad read a lot.
    3 My brother speak four languages.
    7 How are you feel ?
    5 My mum have no time.
    11 I want see it. Can you show it to me?
    13 Mark enjoy his work.
    2 Why are you sit here?
    6 Who know about it? I let you know.
    12 We'll go shop tomorrow.
    4 We're just work on it. It be ready soon.
    1 A man is wait there for you.
    8 They not be now. They be back soon.
    9 Stop it! It's get on my nerves.

    České sloveso bavit (co, koho) lze často přeložit anglickým enjoy (těšit se z něčeho, užívat si něco) nebo like (mít rád, líbit se). Je však třeba mít na paměti, že proti češtině dochází u těchto sloves k obrácení podmětu a přísudku! Tedy ne, že něco baví někoho, ale někdo má rád / užívá si něco. Např.: “Baví mě to.” - I enjoy it. ap. Když něco někoho už nebaví, většinou se užije obratu be tired of ..., tedy, že už je někdo z něčeho unavený. Např.: “Už mě to nebaví.” - I'm tired of it.

    Exercise 22

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    • Doplňte překlady vět.

    13 Mohu dál? - Samozřejmě! Can I in? - Of  !
    12 Jak je vysoký? How is he?
    6 Promiňte, že jdu pozdě. Sorry, I'm .
    3 Bob má spoustu přátel. Bob a lot of friends.
    8 Neříkej mu to, prosím! Please tell him!
    1 Odkud jste? Where are you ?
    18 Užij(te) si to tam! your stay!
    10 V kolik hodin přijdeš? What will you come?
    11 Udělám, co budu moci. I'll do my .
    16 Přidáte se k nám? Will you us?
    2 Odjíždíme za 2 dny. We're in two days.
    9 Uděláš to pro mě? you do it for me?
    17 Bydlím v hotelu. I'm in a hotel.
    5 Kolik je ti let? How are you?
    7 Vypadá to na déšť. It looks rain.
    14 Mohu se tě na něco zeptat? May I you something?
    15 Dnes večer jdeme někam ven. We're going out .
    4 Jane o tom ví. Jane about it.

    Všimněte si, jak logicky jsou tvořena slovíčka: something - some+thing (nějaká věc - něco), nothing - no+thing (žádná věc - nic), everything - every+thing (každá věc - všechno) a anything - any+thing (jakákoli věc - cokoli). Podobně fungují slova somebody (někdo), nobody (nikdo), everybody (každý) a anybody (kdokoli). Snadno se tak naučíte hned několik užitečných slov.

    Exercise 23

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    • Doplňte vhodná slova.

    14 I'm leaving for London. – Have a safe !
    2 How is she? – She's 35.
    10 Sorry, I have no time. I'm very now.
    11 I'll be back soon. Will you for me?
    12 on! Hurry . You'll be late school again!
    1 I'm not afraid him. He's my friend.
    8 He's ! – No, he's wrong!
    3 What are the kids doing? – They're some games.
    9 Can I with you? – No, you'll stay here.
    4 are you? – I'm fine. Thanks.
    5 What's the like? – It's raining again.
    7 We're waiting you! You are again.
    6 He isn't here now. We will to wait for him.
    13 Shall we go bus or car? – We'll a taxi.

    Ke slovesu leave (odejít či odjet kam) se váže předložka for, ne to, jak by si Čech mohl myslet! Leave v podstatě říká, že někdo opouští jedno místo pro jiné. Např.: I'm leaving Prague for London. - “Odjíždím z Prahy do Londýna.” Pokud po leave následuje to, je to spíše částice uvozující infinitiv, který vyjadřuje účel. Např.: He's leaving Prague to work in New York. - Odjíždí z Prahy pracovat do New Yorku.

    Exercise 24

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    • Řekněte anglicky.

    15 Jak dlouho to potrvá?
    13 Bude to stačit?
    18 Je mi horko.
    17 Budete muset počkat.
    7 Čekáte na někoho?
    19 Vstupte!; Dále!
    12 Požádám ho o pomoc.
    8 Přijdeš?
    2 Nečekejte na mne.
    5 Zdržíme se tři dny.
    10 Jsem Čech.
    6 Vezmeme si taxi.
    1 Kam jedeš na dovolenou?
    16 Nejsem připravený.
    4 Bydlíme v hotelu.
    11 Půjdeme?
    20 Šťastnou cestu!
    3 Dejte se druhou ulicí vlevo.
    14 Co si dáte? (k jídlu ap.)
    9 Chci navštívit přítele v Londýně.

    Sloveso may meɪ znamená “smět”, ale užívá se také k vyjádření potenciální možnosti či nejistoty (možná, snad ap.). Např.: You may be right. - “Možná máš pravdu”, We may go to ... - “Mohli bychom třeba jít do...”, I may be back soon. - “Možná budu brzy zpět.” ap. Více viz tvary might a may v Lekci 14.